CN117708473A - Distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration DAS big data processing method for horizontal well - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration DAS big data processing method for horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN117708473A CN117708473A CN202311721531.5A CN202311721531A CN117708473A CN 117708473 A CN117708473 A CN 117708473A CN 202311721531 A CN202311721531 A CN 202311721531A CN 117708473 A CN117708473 A CN 117708473A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal well distributed optical fiber acoustic wave vibration DAS big data processing method, which comprises the following steps: according to the actually measured DAS data signals of the horizontal well, establishing a DAS time domain of each point position; splitting time domain data into a plurality of continuous segments, solving a linear equation set, and judging whether the matrix is full rank; if the matrix is a full order matrix, solving by constructing a pseudo-inverse matrix, and if the matrix is not a full rank, solving by a regularization method; calculating a fitting polynomial of each segment, and reconstructing time domain data after noise reduction treatment; substituting the sampling time and the monitoring frequency of the data into a time domain conversion equation to obtain frequency amplitude effective information based on the actually measured DAS data. The invention can carry out noise reduction treatment on DAS data by processing DAS signals and obtain frequency amplitude effective information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a horizontal well distributed optical fiber acoustic wave vibration DAS big data processing method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir development.
Background
The domestic oil and gas field continuously develops, a large number of oil and gas reservoirs are explored, the exploitation modes of different oil and gas reservoirs are different, and exploitation technologies are various, so that the condition in a horizontal shaft needs to be monitored in the oil and gas exploitation process. At present, the conventional technical means are difficult to monitor the fluid and the well section in the horizontal shaft in real time in the production state, so that the fluid state and the shaft problem cannot be timely reflected. With the continuous development of distributed optical fiber technology, as a novel means, distributed optical fibers are added into a shaft, so that temperature and acoustic wave information in the horizontal shaft can be transmitted to the ground in real time.
As the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement and acoustic wave measurement technology is mature gradually, the real-time transmission efficiency is high, and the information cost of unit signal quantity is low, the horizontal well monitoring through the distributed optical fiber becomes a key technology in future petroleum exploitation. At present, an acoustic wave signal measured through a distributed optical fiber is a time domain signal, and because of large signal quantity and complex data, manual analysis cannot be directly performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly overcomes the defects in the prior art, and provides a horizontal well distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration DAS big data processing method which can analyze the acquired sound wave signals in time domain and frequency domain so as to convert the data into easily-identified effective information.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for processing big data of a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration DAS of a horizontal well is constructed, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a DAS time domain data set P of different actually measured point positions by actually measuring time domain signals in a horizontal well production state;
s2, dividing the single-point time domain data into a plurality of continuous segments and constructing a matrix X i ；
S3, solving a linear equation set y i ＝X i *a i Wherein a is i Is an n+1-dimensional polynomial coefficient vector, y i Is an output vector;
s4, judging X i If the rank is full, solving the coefficient vector a by using a pseudo-inverse matrix when the rank is full, otherwise, solving the coefficient vector a by using a regularization method;
s5, sequentially calculating the value f of each piecewise fitting polynomial i ＝X i a i Obtaining processed data d i ＝y i -f i The respective data are combined and reconstructed into processed time domain data P a ；
S6, determining time domain sampling time t and monitoring frequency f, and converting a time domain into frequency domain data;
and S7, obtaining the effective information of the amplitudes of the signals with different frequencies, namely intuitively converting the data into the effective information easy to identify, and judging the sound wave frequency distribution situation in the horizontal shaft by means of the result.
In the above scheme, in the step S4, when X i When the rank is full, solving a=pinv (X) by using a pseudo-inverse matrix, wherein X is a time domain matrix, and y is an output result.
In the above scheme, in the step S4, when X i When the rank is not full, solving the equation by a regularization rule is as follows:
a＝(X′X+lambdaI)(X′ * y)
lambda is a regularization parameter, I is an identity matrix, X is a time domain matrix, y is an output result, and X' is a transpose of X.
In the above scheme, in the step S6, the method for calculating the time domain to frequency domain conversion is as follows:
p in the formula a For the processed time domain data, f is the DAS sampling frequency, j is the imaginary unit, and e is the base of the natural logarithm.
The implementation of the method for processing the DAS big data by the distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration of the horizontal well has the following beneficial effects:
1. the device interference and the error of measurement data can be reduced by processing the actually measured acoustic time domain signals;
2. the invention provides a set of DAS big data processing method for horizontal wells, which can help the technicians in the field to obtain more accurate time domain data, and convert the time domain data to obtain corresponding frequency data, so that the DAS data is easier to identify and analyze, and contributes to the efficient development of oil and gas reservoirs in China;
3. the invention may be used for, but is not limited to, processing DAS sonic data outside horizontal, vertical and wellbores.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a distributed optical fiber acoustic wave vibration DAS big data processing method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of time domain data of a distributed fiber acoustic vibration DAS of a horizontal well;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of DAS time domain data after noise reduction processing;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of frequency domain data converted from DAS time domain data after noise reduction.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to examples, and it is apparent that the described examples are only some of the examples of the present invention, but not all of the examples. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for processing DAS big data by distributed optical fiber acoustic wave vibration of a horizontal well takes the actual measurement of DAS data of the horizontal well as an example to illustrate the specific steps of the DAS big data processing by adopting the method;
s1, by actually measuring time domain signals in the production state of a horizontal well, as shown in FIG. 2, establishing a DAS time domain data set P of different actually measured points;
s2, dividing the single-point time domain data into a plurality of continuous segments and constructing a matrix X i ；
S3, solving a linear equation set y i ＝X i *a i Wherein a is i Is an n+1-dimensional polynomial coefficient vector, y i Is an output vector;
s4, judging X i If the full rank is present, a=pinv (X) y is solved by using a pseudo-inverse matrix when the full rank is present, otherwise a= (X ' x+lambdai) (X ' is solved by a regularization rule ' * y)；
S5, sequentially calculating the value f of each piecewise fitting polynomial i ＝X i a i Obtaining processed data d i ＝y i -f i The respective data are combined and reconstructed into processed time domain data P a As shown in fig. 3;
s6, determining the time domain sampling time t and the monitoring frequency f by calculatingConverting the time domain into frequency domain data;
and S7, obtaining the effective information of the amplitudes of the signals with different frequencies, wherein as shown in fig. 4, the data can be intuitively converted into the effective information which is easy to identify, and the sound wave frequency distribution condition in the horizontal shaft can be judged by the result.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A horizontal well distributed optical fiber acoustic wave vibration DAS big data processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a DAS time domain data set P of different actually measured point positions by actually measuring time domain signals in a horizontal well production state;
s2, dividing the single-point time domain data into a plurality of continuous segments and constructing a matrix X i ；
S3, solving a linear equation set y i ＝X i *a i Wherein a is i Is an n+1-dimensional polynomial coefficient vector, y i Is an output vector;
s4, judging X i If the rank is full, solving the coefficient vector a by using a pseudo-inverse matrix when the rank is full, otherwise, solving the coefficient vector a by using a regularization method;
s5, sequentially calculating the value f of each piecewise fitting polynomial i ＝X i a i Obtaining processed data d i ＝y i -f i The respective data are combined and reconstructed into processed time domain data P a ；
S6, determining time domain sampling time t and monitoring frequency f, and converting a time domain into frequency domain data;
and S7, obtaining the effective information of the amplitudes of the signals with different frequencies, namely intuitively converting the data into the effective information easy to identify, and judging the sound wave frequency distribution situation in the horizontal shaft by means of the result.
2. The method for processing large data of distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration DAS of claim 1, wherein in step S4, when X is i When the rank is full, solving a=pinv (X) by using a pseudo-inverse matrix, wherein X is a time domain matrix, and y is an output result.
3. The method for processing large data of distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration DAS of claim 1, wherein in step S4, when X is i When the rank is not full, solving the equation by a regularization rule is as follows:
a＝(X′X+lambdaI)(X′ * y)
lambda is a regularization parameter, I is an identity matrix, X is a time domain matrix, y is an output result, and X' is a transpose of X.
4. The method for processing large data of distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration DAS of horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the method for calculating the time domain to frequency domain is as follows:
p in the formula a For the processed time domain data, f is the DAS sampling frequency, j is the imaginary unit, and e is the base of the natural logarithm.
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| CN202311721531.5A CN117708473A (en) | 2023-12-14 | 2023-12-14 | Distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration DAS big data processing method for horizontal well |
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