CN117705240B - Ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of achieving high-precision calibration - Google Patents
Ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of achieving high-precision calibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN117705240B CN117705240B CN202410166143.3A CN202410166143A CN117705240B CN 117705240 B CN117705240 B CN 117705240B CN 202410166143 A CN202410166143 A CN 202410166143A CN 117705240 B CN117705240 B CN 117705240B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
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- Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic transducers and discloses an ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of realizing high-precision calibration. The transducer of the transmitting end and the receiving end of the cylinder are arranged below and above the object to be measured. The couplant enables the transducer to fully contact the object to be measured. The transmitting and receiving circuits are electrically connected to the transducers. The system calibration method is as follows: the lower pressure receiving end transducer stores absolute flight time and signal amplitude when a received signal larger than a threshold appears; continuously pressing down, and storing the absolute flight time and the signal amplitude value every time the absolute flight time is reduced by a fixed value; stopping collecting and pressing down when the absolute flight time is reduced to a threshold value; and finding out the optimal coupling state and corresponding to absolute flight time, and starting detection at the position where the change rate of the signal amplitude is smaller than the threshold value. The invention eliminates the influence of the initial coating of the couplant by selecting the system composed of the transducer and the couplant, and realizes the high-precision calibration of the probe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic transducers, in particular to an ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of achieving high-precision calibration.
Background
The reflectivity of ultrasonic waves at the interface is an important parameter for representing the acoustic coupling performance, and the greater the reflectivity, the poorer the coupling performance. For ultrasonic couplant, the interface reflectivity is not only affected by the acoustic impedance between the couplant and the measured material, but also the interface roughness and the coupling pressure are very important influencing factors. The couplant is in direct contact with the surface of the detected workpiece, and forms a coupling interface under the action of pressure. Ultrasonic waves are transmitted into the workpiece through the interface to realize detection. If the applied pressure is insufficient to form an ideal coupling interface, a small amount of air will remain in the interface, subject to the roughness of the interface. The acoustic impedance of air is far lower than that of interface, so that the coupling impedance is seriously mismatched and the ideal sound transmission effect is not achieved, the state of the solid coupling agent is controlled by controlling the applied load, and residual air is removed, so that good coupling is achieved, but the thickness of the coupling agent which is initially coated is difficult to control to be completely the same, and further, even if the thickness of the coupling agent is the same, the difference in signal intensity can be generated due to the influence of factors such as resonance frequency, impedance phase deviation and the like between different transducers. Therefore, the design of the workpiece monitoring system capable of realizing the high-precision calibration of the probe has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the existing ultrasonic solid-state coupling probe technology, the invention provides an ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of realizing high-precision calibration, eliminates the influence of initial coating of a solid-state coupling agent on detection precision, and can realize high-precision calibration of a probe.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme.
An ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of realizing high-precision calibration is characterized by comprising a transmitting end ultrasonic transducer, a receiving end ultrasonic transducer, a silica gel solid coupling agent and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving circuit 4.
The ultrasonic transducer at the transmitting end is in a cylindrical shape, and the surface of the ultrasonic transducer is coated with a silica gel solid coupling agent and is arranged below an object to be measured in use.
The receiving end ultrasonic transducer is in a cylindrical shape, and the surface of the receiving end ultrasonic transducer is coated with a silica gel solid coupling agent and is arranged above an object to be measured in use.
The silica gel solid coupling agent enables the ultrasonic transducer to be fully contacted with the object to be measured, soft silica gel is adopted, and the coating thickness is 1mm.
The ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the transmitting end ultrasonic transducer and the receiving end ultrasonic transducer and is used for generating the excitation signal of the transmitting end ultrasonic transducer, processing the receiving signal of the receiving end ultrasonic transducer and calculating the absolute flight time.
The calibration method of the workpiece detection system comprises the following steps.
S1: the receiving end transducer is pressed down at a constant speed, the receiving signal is monitored, and when the receiving signal with the amplitude of more than 100mV appears for the first time, the corresponding absolute flight time and the receiving signal amplitude are collected and stored.
S2: the pressure-down receiving end transducer is continuously pressed down, and the corresponding absolute flight time and the received signal amplitude are acquired and stored once every 62.5ns of the absolute flight time is reduced.
S3: when the absolute time of flight decreases to 1000ns, the acquisition and depression of the receiving end transducer is stopped.
S4: and analyzing the stored information, finding the absolute flight time corresponding to the optimal coupling state, and taking the position with the amplitude change rate of the received signal less than 0.5 as the initial detection position after calibration.
Preferably, the ultrasonic signal sent by the ultrasonic transducer at the sending end passes through the silica gel solid coupling agent of the ultrasonic transducer at the sending end, the object to be detected and the silica gel solid coupling agent of the ultrasonic transducer at the receiving end to reach the ultrasonic transducer at the receiving end.
Preferably, the shore hardness of the silica gel solid-state coupling agent is 25A.
Preferably, the frequency of the excitation signal generated by the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving circuit is 2MHz, and the pulse number is 10; when each detection is performed, the change amount of absolute flight time between the ultrasonic signals transmitted and received is controlled to be the same through the ultrasonic transmission and receiving circuit, so that the same compression stroke of the silica gel is ensured each time, the same mechanical pressure is applied each time of detection, and the influence of the silica gel solid coupling agent on detection is eliminated.
Preferably, each detection is calculated according to the absolute flight time when the change rate of the signal amplitude under the current ultrasonic transducer with time tends to be stable, so as to ensure that the state after the silica gel is pressed down is in the optimal coupling state during each detection.
The criterion that the rate of change of the signal amplitude over time tends to be stable is that the rate of change of the amplitude of the received signal is less than 0.5 for 10 consecutive times at the initial detection position after calibration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system composed of the ultrasonic transducer with the frequency of 2MHz and the silica gel solid couplant with the hardness of 25A and the coating thickness of 1mm eliminates the influence of the initial coating of the solid couplant on the detection precision, and can realize the high-precision calibration of the probe.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of the amplitude of a received signal with absolute time of flight according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1 is a transmitting end ultrasonic transducer, 2 is a receiving end ultrasonic transducer, 3 is a silica gel solid coupling agent, 4 is a workpiece to be detected, and 5 is an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving circuit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples: as shown in FIG. 1, an ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of realizing high-precision calibration comprises a receiving end ultrasonic transducer 2, which is used for receiving a 2MHz ultrasonic signal and can move up and down in the vertical direction. When the receiving end ultrasonic transducer 2 moves downwards to the surface of the workpiece 4 to be detected under pressure, the silica gel solid couplant 3 fully contacts with the surface of the workpiece 4 to be detected, and downward pressure is applied to the workpiece 4 to be detected, and the pressure enables the workpiece 4 to be detected to fully contact with the silica gel solid couplant 3 of the transmitting end ultrasonic transducer; the transmitting-end ultrasonic transducer 1 is used for generating an ultrasonic signal of 2MHz, wherein the 2MHz belongs to high-frequency ultrasonic waves, the wavelength is relatively short, the reflection performance is strong, and the detecting precision is higher. The generated ultrasonic signals pass through the silica gel solid couplant of the transducer at the transmitting end, the workpiece 4 to be tested and the silica gel solid couplant of the transducer at the receiving end to reach the receiving end; the silica gel solid coupling agent 3 has the advantages of 25A Shore hardness, high curing speed, extremely low hardness, extremely good bonding strength, good elasticity after curing and molding and capability of realizing full contact with the matching layer after being subjected to pressure. The thickness of the coated silica gel is controlled to be 1mm, and the larger the thickness is, the more absorption attenuation and scattering attenuation are generated by ultrasonic waves, and the smaller the received sound pressure peak value is; the thickness is too small and the coupling effect with the matching layer is poor. The ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving circuit 5 is used for generating an excitation signal of the ultrasonic transducer 1 at the transmitting end, wherein the frequency of the excitation signal is 2MHz, and the number of pulses is 10. The receiving circuit processes the received signal of the receiving end ultrasonic transducer 2 to realize the operation of absolute flight time, thereby realizing the control of the applied load.
The principle and process of injection quality detection are as follows.
S1: the transmitting-end ultrasonic transducer 1 is excited by an electric signal to generate 2MHz high-frequency vibration, so as to generate an ultrasonic signal.
S2: the ultrasonic signal is transmitted to the workpiece 4 to be measured through the silica gel solid coupling agent 3.
S3: the ultrasonic signal is scattered when encountering interfaces composed of different acoustic impedance mediums (bubbles), so that the energy in the original propagation direction is reduced, and the signal intensity is attenuated.
S4: the receiving-end ultrasonic transducer 2 converts the received ultrasonic signals into electric signals, then performs signal processing through the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving circuit 5, and judges the injection molding quality of the workpiece 4 to be detected through the magnitude of the signal amplitude.
The essence of the applied load during the detection of the transducer solid-state coupling probe is that the thickness of the silica gel and the contact degree of the silica gel and the rough surface of the measured object are changed by the pressure, and the propagation speed of sound velocity in the silica gel and the measured workpiece 4 is a fixed value because the thickness of the measured workpiece 4 is fixed, so that the change of the length of the sound path is only related to the thickness change of the silica gel.
ΔD=ΔL=(ΔT×V)/2。
Where Δd is the amount of change in the acoustic path length, Δl is the amount of change in the thickness of the silica gel, Δt is the absolute time of flight of the ultrasonic wave from transmission to reception, and V is the speed of propagation of the ultrasonic wave in the object.
Since the thickness of the workpiece 4 to be measured is constant, the propagation speed of the sound velocity in the silica gel and the matching layer is constant, the sound path is only related to the thickness of the silica gel, and the thickness of the silica gel actually reflects the magnitude of the applied load.
The surface roughness and the internal properties of the initial silica gel of the different probes always differ, so that the thickness when the optimal coupling state is reached in the process of applying the load corresponds to different absolute flight times. In the pressing process, the applied load is gradually increased, the thickness of the silica gel is gradually reduced, the absolute flight time is gradually reduced, and the signal intensity is gradually increased and tends to be stable. In order to adjust the state of the silica gel after being pressed down to the optimal coupling state at each measurement. The absolute time of flight T1 at which the rate of change of the amplitude of the different probe signals over time tends to stabilize is found at the time of detection.
The calibration procedure is as follows.
S1: the pressure receiving end ultrasonic transducer 2 is pressed at a constant speed, the change of absolute flight time and signal intensity is monitored, and the acquisition is started from the occurrence of signals (> 100 mV).
S2: continuously pressing down the upper tooling, starting from the absolute flight time between the ultrasonic transducers at the receiving end and the transmitting end where 100mV is located, acquiring the amplitude of the signal of the receiving transducer every 62.5ns when the absolute flight time is reduced, and storing all acquired absolute flight time and corresponding signal amplitude information in the pressing down process.
S3: and stopping collecting and pressing down the tooling after the absolute flight time is reduced to two periods (1000 ns).
S4: analyzing the stored information: and finding the absolute flight time corresponding to the optimal coupling state, and taking the position of the signal amplitude with the curvature of the absolute flight time variation dispersion curve smaller than 0.5 as T1. Subsequent measurements were taken starting from T1 and the dispersion curves in the examples are shown in fig. 2.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and not restrictive, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, so that all such equivalent embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an ultrasonic water meter work piece detecting system that can realize high accuracy calibration which characterized in that includes transmitting end ultrasonic transducer, receiving end ultrasonic transducer, silica gel solid-state couplant, ultrasonic wave transmission and receiving circuit 4 parts, wherein:
the ultrasonic transducer at the transmitting end is in a cylinder shape, and the surface of the ultrasonic transducer is coated with a silica gel solid coupling agent and is arranged below an object to be measured in use;
the receiving end ultrasonic transducer is in a cylinder shape, and the surface of the receiving end ultrasonic transducer is coated with a silica gel solid coupling agent and is arranged above an object to be measured in use;
The silica gel solid coupling agent enables the ultrasonic transducer to be fully contacted with an object to be detected, soft silica gel is adopted, and the coating thickness is 1mm;
The ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the transmitting end ultrasonic transducer and the receiving end ultrasonic transducer and is used for generating an excitation signal of the transmitting end ultrasonic transducer, processing a receiving signal of the receiving end ultrasonic transducer and calculating absolute flight time;
The calibration method of the workpiece detection system comprises the following steps:
S1: pressing down the receiving end transducer at a constant speed, monitoring a received signal, and collecting and storing corresponding absolute flight time and received signal amplitude when the received signal with the amplitude of more than 100mV appears for the first time;
S2: continuously pressing down the pressure receiving end transducer, and collecting and storing corresponding absolute flight time and received signal amplitude once every 62.5ns of absolute flight time is reduced;
S3: stopping collecting the downward pressure of the energy converter at the receiving end when the absolute flight time is reduced to 1000 ns;
S4: and analyzing the stored information, finding the absolute flight time corresponding to the optimal coupling state, and taking the position with the amplitude change rate of the received signal less than 0.5 as the initial detection position after calibration.
2. The ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of achieving high-precision calibration according to claim 1, wherein an ultrasonic signal sent by the ultrasonic transducer at the sending end passes through the silica gel solid couplant at the ultrasonic transducer at the sending end, an object to be detected and the silica gel solid couplant at the ultrasonic transducer at the receiving end to reach the ultrasonic transducer at the receiving end.
3. The ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of achieving high-precision calibration according to claim 1, wherein the shore hardness of the silica gel solid coupling agent is 25A.
4. The ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of realizing high-precision calibration according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of an excitation signal generated by the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving circuit is 2MHz, and the pulse number is 10; when each detection is performed, the change amount of absolute flight time between the ultrasonic signals transmitted and received is controlled to be the same through the ultrasonic transmission and receiving circuit, so that the same compression stroke of the silica gel is ensured each time, the same mechanical pressure is applied each time of detection, and the influence of the silica gel solid coupling agent on detection is eliminated.
5. The ultrasonic water meter workpiece detection system capable of realizing high-precision calibration according to claim 1, wherein the absolute flight time when the change rate of the signal amplitude of the current ultrasonic transducer with time tends to be stable is calculated at each detection, so as to ensure that the state of the silica gel after being pressed down is in an optimal coupling state at each detection;
the criterion that the rate of change of the signal amplitude over time tends to be stable is that the rate of change of the amplitude of the received signal is less than 0.5 for 10 consecutive times at the initial detection position after calibration.
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