CN117701926A - Preparation method of large-size ingot of nickel-base alloy easy to segregate - Google Patents
Preparation method of large-size ingot of nickel-base alloy easy to segregate Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of nickel-based alloy smelting, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a large-size nickel-based alloy ingot easy to segregate. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: vacuum induction smelting, electrode annealing, electroslag remelting smelting, electroslag ingot annealing, electrode forging and vacuum consumable smelting; the electrode annealing includes a first stage annealing and a second stage annealing; in the first stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4h; in the second stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 6-8h; and the heating rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment is not more than 70 ℃/h. The preparation method provided by the application is suitable for GH4065A and high-temperature alloys with the same approximate mark, the prepared cast ingot phi 610mm, the single weight more than 4t, and the metallurgical quality of the cast ingot is superior to that of a consumable ingot produced by triple smelting.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of nickel-based alloy smelting, in particular to a preparation method of a large-size nickel-based alloy ingot easy to segregate.
Background
With the continuous development of aeroengine technology, the requirements of the aeroengine hot end component on the temperature which the aeroengine hot end component can bear are higher and higher. The high-temperature alloy material with higher temperature bearing capacity is required to meet the use requirement of the hot end component of the aeroengine, and particularly the requirement of manufacturing the high-performance high-temperature alloy material for the turbine disc is urgent.
In recent years, turbine disk materials represented by alloys such as GH4065A, GH4720Li and the like are developed in succession in China, and the materials are reinforced by adding a large amount of Al and Ti (Al+Ti is more than 5.5 wt%) and precipitating gamma' phase with higher content, so that the highest use temperature of the alloy exceeds 700 ℃, and the use requirement of the turbine disk of a high-thrust engine is better met. The GH4065A alloy adopts a casting-forging production mode, the performance of the produced turbine disk forging reaches the level of a second-generation powder disk, the production cost is greatly reduced, the requirements of the turbine disk forging on the service performance are met, meanwhile, the economy is realized, and the requirements of civil aviation engines are greatly met.
At present, GH4065A alloy is produced by triple smelting, namely vacuum induction, electroslag remelting and vacuum self consumption. Firstly, through vacuum induction and electroslag remelting, a compact consumable electrode is obtained, and meanwhile, the content of S and other impurity elements in the alloy is greatly reduced, so that the alloy is purified. The consumable electrode forms a consumable ingot after vacuum consumable remelting, further degasification is carried out, and dendritic solidification structures are formed in the water-cooling crystallizer, so that the subsequent hot processing is facilitated.
The conventional ingot shape of the consumable ingot produced by domestic triple smelting isThe weight of the ingot is about 2t, and after the steel ingot is forged by hot working, the weight of the finished bar is only about 1 t. However, as the demands of aircraft engines on turbine disk size continue to increase, particularly for larger thrust engines for wide-body passenger aircraft, the size, singles, of the turbine disk are required to be larger. The problem that the consumable ingot produced by conventional triple smelting is small ingot and the weight of the small ingot is particularly remarkable, so that the conventional ingot casting material cannot meet the requirement and the material utilization rate is low.
In the related art, no reference technology exists for a preparation method of a large-size ingot of an easily segregated alloy. Therefore, development of key technology for large-size ingot casting of easily segregated alloy is urgently needed at present so as to meet the requirements of the hot end part of the aeroengine on high-temperature alloy materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The preparation method of the nickel-base alloy large-size cast ingot easy to segregate can meet the production requirements of high-performance nickel-base alloy large-size forgings required by aeroengines, gas turbines and the like.
The preparation method of the large-size cast ingot of the easy segregation nickel-based alloy is suitable for GH4065A and high-temperature alloys with the same approximate grades, and the prepared cast ingotThe single weight is more than 4t, and the metallurgical quality is better than that of a consumable ingot produced by triple smelting. The breakthrough of the high-temperature alloy large-size ingot casting preparation technology meets the use requirements of aeroengines, gas turbines and the like on high-performance nickel-based alloys, and simultaneously greatly improves the material utilization rate from finished bars to forgings.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a large-size ingot of a nickel-based alloy easy to segregate, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the large-size ingot casting of the easy segregation nickel-based alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of: vacuum induction smelting, electrode annealing, electroslag remelting smelting, electroslag ingot annealing, electrode forging and vacuum consumable smelting;
the electrode annealing includes a first stage annealing and a second stage annealing;
in the first stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4h;
in the second stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 6-8h;
and the heating rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment is not more than 70 ℃/h.
Preferably, in the first stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the annealing temperature is 500-550 ℃.
Preferably, in the second stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the annealing temperature is 850-930 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, in the first stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the annealing temperature may be 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃.
In some specific embodiments, the annealing temperature may be 400-500 ℃, 400-550 ℃, 400-600 ℃, 500-550 ℃, 550-600 ℃ in the first stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing.
In a specific embodiment, in the first stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the holding time may be 2h, 3h, or 4h.
In some specific embodiments, the first stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing may be performed for a holding time of 2-3 hours, 3-4 hours, or 2-4 hours.
In a specific embodiment, in the second stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the annealing temperature may be 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 930 ℃, 1000 ℃.
In some specific embodiments, the second stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing may be performed at a temperature of 800-850 ℃, 800-900 ℃, 800-930 ℃, 800-1000 ℃, 850-900 ℃, 850-930 ℃, 850-1000 ℃, 900-930 ℃, 900-1000 ℃, 930-1000 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, in the second stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the holding time may be 6h, 7h, or 8h.
In some specific embodiments, the second stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing may be performed for a holding time of 6-7 hours, 6-8 hours, or 7-8 hours.
In a specific embodiment, in the electrode annealing step, the heating rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment may be 50 ℃/h, 55 ℃/h, 65 ℃/h.
In some specific embodiments, in the electrode annealing step, the heating rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment may be 50-55 ℃/h, 50-65 ℃/h, 55-65 ℃/h.
Preferably, the electroslag ingot annealing includes a first stage annealing and a second stage annealing;
in the first stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 300-500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6h;
in the second stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 10-15h;
and the heating rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment is not more than 70 ℃/h.
Preferably, in the first stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the annealing temperature is 350-450 ℃.
Preferably, in the second stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the annealing temperature is 850-950 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, in the first stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the annealing temperature may be 300 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃.
In some specific embodiments, the first stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing may be performed at a temperature of 300-350deg.C, 300-450deg.C, 300-500deg.C, 350-450deg.C, 350-500deg.C, and 450-500deg.C.
In a specific embodiment, in the first stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the holding time may be 4h, 5h, or 6h.
In some specific embodiments, the first stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot may be performed for a holding time of 4-5h, 4-6h, 5-6h.
In a specific embodiment, in the second stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the annealing temperature may be 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃.
In some specific embodiments, the second stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing may be at a temperature of 800-850 ℃, 800-900 ℃, 800-950 ℃, 800-1000 ℃, 850-900 ℃, 850-950 ℃, 850-1000 ℃, 900-950 ℃, 900-1000 ℃, 950-1000 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, in the second stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the holding time may be 12h, 13h, or 15h.
In some specific embodiments, the second stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing may be performed for a period of 12-13h, 12-15h, and 13-15h.
In a specific embodiment, in the electroslag ingot annealing step, the temperature rising rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment may be 50 ℃/h, 55 ℃/h, 65 ℃/h.
In some specific embodiments, in the electroslag ingot annealing step, the temperature rise rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment may be 50-55 ℃/h, 50-65 ℃/h, 55-65 ℃/h.
Preferably, in the electroslag remelting smelting step, the smelting speed is 4.0-7.0Kg/min.
In a specific embodiment, the melting speed in the electroslag remelting smelting step can be 4.0Kg/min, 5.0Kg/min, 5.5Kg/min, 6.5Kg/min, 7.0Kg/min.
In some specific embodiments, the melting rate in the electroslag remelting smelting step may be 4.0-5.0Kg/min, 4.0-5.5Kg/min, 4.0-6.5Kg/min, 4.0-7.0Kg/min, 5.0-5.5Kg/min, 5.0-6.5Kg/min, 5.0-7.0Kg/min, 5.5-6.5Kg/min, 5.5-7.0Kg/min, 6.5-7.0Kg/min.
Preferably, in the vacuum consumable smelting step, the smelting speed is 2.5-3.5Kg/min.
In a specific embodiment, the melting rate in the vacuum consumable smelting step may be 2.5Kg/min, 2.7Kg/min, 3.1Kg/min, 3.3Kg/min, 3.5Kg/min.
In some embodiments, the melting rate in the vacuum consumable smelting step may be 2.5-2.7Kg/min, 2.5-3.1Kg/min, 2.5-3.3Kg/min, 2.5-3.5Kg/min, 2.7-3.1Kg/min, 2.7-3.3Kg/min, 2.7-3.5Kg/min, 3.1-3.3Kg/min, 3.1-3.5Kg/min, 3.3-3.5Kg/min.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a large-size ingot of the segregation-prone nickel-base alloy prepared by the preparation method. The cast ingotThe single weight is more than 4t, and the metallurgical quality is better than that of a consumable ingot produced by triple smelting. The application provides a high temperature alloyThe breakthrough of the gold large-size ingot casting preparation technology meets the use requirements of aeroengines, gas turbines and the like on high-performance nickel-based alloys, and simultaneously greatly improves the material utilization rate from finished bars to forgings.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
can be prepared by the preparation methodThe ingot type and single weight of the ingot is more than 4t, and the metallurgical quality of the ingot is superior to that of a consumable ingot produced by triple smelting. The steel ingot can be used for preparing a bar with the single weight exceeding 2t through cogging forging, achieves the same level of foreign materials, effectively meets the use requirement of the high-temperature alloy for the domestic aeroengine, and simultaneously greatly improves the utilization rate of the high-temperature alloy from the bar to the forging material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the results of a low-power inspection of bars obtained with the consumable ingot prepared in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a large-size cast ingot of an easy segregation nickel-based alloy, which is suitable for GH4065A and high-temperature alloys with the same approximate grades. The preparation method can be used for preparing cast ingotsThe single weight is more than 4t, and the metallurgical quality is better than that of a consumable ingot produced by triple smelting.
The preparation method provided by the application is only exemplified by GH 4065A.
The GH4065A alloy comprises the following chemical components in proportion: and C:0.005-0.020%; cr:15.5-16.5%; co:12.5-13.5%; w:3.8-4.2%; mo:3.8-4.2%; al:1.90-2.40%; ti:3.55-3.90%; nb:0.6-0.9%; zr:0.03-0.06%; b:0.012-0.020%; mg < 0.005%; n: less than or equal to 35ppm; s is less than or equal to 10ppm; fe is less than or equal to 1.2; the balance being nickel and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the large-size cast ingot of the easy segregation nickel-based alloy provided by the application specifically comprises the following steps:
vacuum induction smelting, electrode annealing, electroslag remelting smelting, electroslag ingot annealing, electrode forging and vacuum consumable smelting.
The method comprises the following steps:
1. the vacuum induction smelting process comprises the following steps: smelting and casting by adopting a 12t vacuum induction furnaceAn electrode.
The process mainly comprises the following stages:
(1) Adding Ni, cr, co, W and other main materials, adding C, smelting in high vacuum and high power, and degassing by using C-O reaction to ensure that O, H content in molten steel is reduced to control requirement;
(2) After the main materials are completely cleared, adding Al, ti, nb, zr, B and other alloying elements;
(3) And taking a finished product sample for component analysis, filling Ar gas after the content of main element meets the index requirement, adding Mg element, stirring for 5min, and tapping to obtain the casting electrode.
2. Electrode annealing: after the cast electrode is completely solidified, demoulding treatment is immediately completed; and then sending the material to an annealing furnace for annealing treatment to obtain the induction electrode.
Firstly, performing first-stage treatment, wherein the temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2-4 hours;
then, the second stage treatment is carried out, the temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6-8h.
And the temperature rising rate from the first stage to the second stage is not more than 70 ℃/h, and after the heat preservation time is over, the furnace is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace, and the furnace is taken out.
3. Electroslag remelting smelting: smelting by adopting a 10t electroslag remelting furnace, and preparingElectroslag ingot.
The surface of the induction electrode is ground clean, stains, oxide skin, water stains and the like are not allowed to exist, shrinkage holes at the head of the induction electrode are smelted downwards, and the smelting speed is set to be 4.0-7.0Kg/min, so that an electroslag ingot is obtained.
And (5) carrying out hot-feed annealing after the remelting is finished for 120 min. And the surface temperature of the electroslag ingot in the material waiting process is not lower than 300 ℃, so that cracks are prevented.
4. And (5) annealing an electroslag ingot: and after the electroslag ingot is completely solidified, immediately completing demoulding treatment, and then sending the electroslag ingot to an annealing furnace for annealing treatment to obtain an annealed electroslag ingot.
First, the first stage treatment is carried out, the temperature is 300-500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4-6 hours.
Then, the second stage treatment is carried out, the temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-15h.
And the temperature rising rate from the first stage to the second stage is not more than 70 ℃/h, and after the heat preservation time is over, the furnace is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace, and the furnace is taken out.
5. Forging an electrode: and (3) grinding the surface of the annealed electroslag ingot, and removing impurities such as residual slag and oxide at the tail of the annealed electroslag ingot.
Heating the annealed electroslag ingot to 1150 ℃, and forging to the diameter through multiple firesThe surface of the forged electrode is grinded and the head and the tail are cut off.
6. Vacuum consumable smelting: smelting by adopting an 8t vacuum consumable furnace, and preparingAnd (5) self-consuming ingots.
And (3) reducing the shrinkage cavity of the head of the forged electrode downwards for smelting, wherein the smelting speed is set to be 2.5-3.5Kg/min, and a consumable ingot is obtained.
For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a large-size nickel-base alloy ingot easy to segregate.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
vacuum induction smelting, electrode annealing, electroslag remelting smelting, electroslag ingot annealing, electrode forging and vacuum consumable smelting.
The method comprises the following steps:
1. the vacuum induction smelting process comprises the following steps: smelting and casting by adopting a 12t vacuum induction furnaceAn electrode.
The process mainly comprises the following stages:
(1) Adding Ni, cr, co, W and other main materials, adding C, smelting in high vacuum and high power, and degassing by using C-O reaction to ensure that O, H content in molten steel is reduced to control requirement;
(2) After the main materials are completely cleared, adding Al, ti, nb, zr, B and other alloying elements;
(3) And taking a finished product sample for component analysis, filling Ar gas after the content of main element meets the index requirement, adding Mg element, stirring for 5min, and tapping to obtain the casting electrode.
2. Electrode annealing: after the cast electrode is completely solidified, demoulding treatment is immediately completed; and then sending the material to an annealing furnace for annealing treatment to obtain the induction electrode.
Firstly, performing first-stage treatment, wherein the temperature is 400 ℃, and the heat preservation is performed for 4 hours;
then, the second stage treatment is carried out, the temperature is 850 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8 hours.
And (3) the heating rate from the first stage to the second stage is 50 ℃/h, and after the heat preservation time is over, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and discharging.
3. Electroslag remelting smelting: smelting by adopting a 10t electroslag remelting furnace, and preparingElectroslag ingot.
The surface of the induction electrode is ground clean, stains, oxide skin, water stains and the like are not allowed to exist, shrinkage holes at the head of the induction electrode are smelted downwards, and the smelting speed is set at 4.5Kg/min, so that an electroslag ingot is obtained.
And (5) carrying out hot-feed annealing after the remelting is finished for 120 min. And the surface temperature of the electroslag ingot in the material waiting process is not lower than 300 ℃, so that cracks are prevented.
4. And (5) annealing an electroslag ingot: and after the electroslag ingot is completely solidified, immediately completing demoulding treatment, and then sending the electroslag ingot to an annealing furnace for annealing treatment to obtain an annealed electroslag ingot.
First, the first stage treatment is carried out at a temperature of 450 ℃ for 6 hours.
Then, the second stage treatment is carried out, the temperature is 950 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours.
And the temperature rising rate from the first stage to the second stage is 60 ℃/h, and after the heat preservation time is over, the furnace is cooled to room temperature, and the furnace is taken out.
5. Forging an electrode: and (3) grinding the surface of the annealed electroslag ingot, and removing impurities such as residual slag and oxide at the tail of the annealed electroslag ingot.
Heating the annealed electroslag ingot to 1150 ℃, and forging to the diameter through multiple firesThe surface of the forged electrode is grinded and the head and the tail are cut off.
6. Vacuum consumable smelting: smelting by adopting an 8t vacuum consumable furnace, and preparingAnd (5) self-consuming ingots.
And (3) reducing the shrinkage cavity of the head of the forged electrode downwards for smelting, wherein the smelting speed is set at 2.8Kg/min, and a consumable ingot is obtained.
Examples 2 to 10
Examples 2-10 provide a method for preparing a large-size ingot of a nickel-base alloy which is easy to segregate.
The preparation method of the above example is different from that of example 1 in that: the parameter settings of each step are shown in table 1.
Examples 2-4 differ from example 1 in that: and setting parameters of each step.
Examples 5-7 differ from example 4 in that: annealing temperature at the first stage of the electrode annealing step.
Examples 8-9 differ from example 4 in that: the heat preservation time of the first stage of the electrode annealing step.
Example 10 differs from example 4 in that: the rate of temperature rise from the first stage to the second stage of the electrode annealing step.
Table 1 parameter settings for the steps of examples 1-16
Examples 11 to 16
Examples 11-16 respectively provide a preparation method of large-size ingots of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy.
The preparation method of the above example is different from that of example 4 in that: the parameter settings of each step are shown in table 1.
Examples 11 to 14 differ from example 4 in that: annealing temperature of the first stage of the electroslag ingot annealing step.
Examples 15 to 16 differ from example 4 in that: and (5) the heat preservation time of the first stage of the electroslag ingot annealing step.
Comparative example
Comparative examples 1 to 6
Comparative examples 1-6 respectively provide a method for preparing large-size ingots of nickel-base alloys easy to segregate.
The preparation method of the above comparative example is different from that of example 4 in that: the parameter settings of each step are shown in table 3.
Comparative examples 1 to 3 differ from example 4 in that: annealing temperature at the first stage of the electrode annealing step.
Comparative examples 4 to 5 differ from example 4 in that: the heat preservation time of the first stage of the electrode annealing step.
Comparative example 6 differs from example 4 in that: the rate of temperature rise from the first stage to the second stage of the electrode annealing step.
Table 2 parameter settings for each step of comparative examples 1 to 6
Performance test
The consumable ingots prepared in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were homogenized by a homogenization process, and then, cogged by a forging process.
The homogenization process is as follows: preserving heat at 1160-1180deg.C for 36-108h, cooling at 20 deg.C for 4-10h, cooling to below 1100 deg.C, and cooling to above 900 deg.C for discharging and air cooling.
The forging process is as follows: repeatedly upsetting and pulling the alloy at the total melting temperature to crush the cast structure and form a double-phase fine crystal structure.
The heads and the tails of the four bars are subjected to inspection by low power, the whole bar is subjected to flaw detection, and the detection results are shown in table 3.
Table 3 evaluation of results of bars prepared with consumable ingot
As can be seen from Table 3, the preparation method provided in the present application can be used for preparingThe ingot type and single weight of the ingot is more than 4t, and the metallurgical quality of the ingot is superior to that of a consumable ingot produced by triple smelting. The steel ingot can be used for preparing a bar with the single weight exceeding 2t through cogging forging, achieves the same level of foreign materials, effectively meets the use requirement of the high-temperature alloy for the domestic aeroengine, and simultaneously greatly improves the high-temperature alloy from bar to forgingUtilization of the piece material.
The results of the low-power examination of the bars obtained with the consumable ingot prepared in example 4 are shown in fig. 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the bar obtained by using the consumable ingot prepared in example 4 of the present application has no metallurgical defects such as "white spots", "offset", etc. The consumable ingot prepared by the preparation method provided by the application has good metallurgical quality, and can be used for engineering production of GH4065A and high-temperature alloys with the same approximate grades.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting thereof; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the large-size ingot casting of the easy segregation nickel-based alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
vacuum induction smelting, electrode annealing, electroslag remelting smelting, electroslag ingot annealing, electrode forging and vacuum consumable smelting;
the electrode annealing includes a first stage annealing and a second stage annealing;
in the first stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4h;
in the second stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 6-8h;
and the heating rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment is not more than 70 ℃/h.
2. The method for preparing a large-size ingot of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
in the first stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the annealing temperature is 500-550 ℃.
3. The method for preparing a large-size ingot of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
in the second stage annealing treatment of the electrode annealing, the annealing temperature is 850-930 ℃.
4. The method for preparing a large-size ingot of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
the electroslag ingot annealing comprises a first-stage annealing and a second-stage annealing;
in the first stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 300-500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6h;
in the second stage annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 10-15h;
and the heating rate from the first stage annealing treatment to the second stage annealing treatment is not more than 70 ℃/h.
5. The method for preparing a large-size ingot of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
in the first stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the annealing temperature is 350-450 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a large-size ingot of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
in the second stage annealing treatment of the electroslag ingot annealing, the annealing temperature is 850-950 ℃.
7. The method for preparing a large-size ingot of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
in the electroslag remelting smelting step, the smelting speed is 4.0-7.0Kg/min.
8. The method for preparing a large-size ingot of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
in the vacuum consumable smelting step, the smelting speed is 2.5-3.5Kg/min.
9. An easy segregation nickel-base alloy large-size ingot produced by the preparation method of the easy segregation nickel-base alloy large-size ingot of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The large-size ingot of easy segregation nickel-base alloy of claim 9, wherein the easy segregation nickel-base alloy large-size ingot phi 610mm, single weight above 4 t.
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