CN117700394B - 一类可与非张力烯基硼酸快速环加成反应的四嗪类化合物及其生物医药应用 - Google Patents
一类可与非张力烯基硼酸快速环加成反应的四嗪类化合物及其生物医药应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117700394B CN117700394B CN202410167131.2A CN202410167131A CN117700394B CN 117700394 B CN117700394 B CN 117700394B CN 202410167131 A CN202410167131 A CN 202410167131A CN 117700394 B CN117700394 B CN 117700394B
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- tetrazine compound
- tetrazine
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- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
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- 125000006559 (C1-C3) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000018883 protein targeting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一类可与非张力烯基硼酸快速环加成反应的四嗪类化合物及其生物医药应用,本发明合成了一类新型的四嗪化合物,其与非张力的烯基硼酸衍生物可以发生快速的生物正交环加成反应,且本发明的四嗪化合物具有优良的稳定性,解决了生物正交反应中普遍存在的生物正交试剂稳定性与反应性不能兼容的矛盾。本发明的四嗪化合物和非张力烯基硼酸发生的生物正交环加成反应,其原料便捷易得、生物相容性好和稳定性高,具有巨大的潜力应用于标记示踪和前药靶向释放、蛋白质靶向降解等疾病靶向治疗手段。。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类化合物及其应用,具体涉及一类可与非张力烯基硼酸快速环加成反应的新型四嗪生物正交试剂的设计、制备方法以及生物医药应用。
背景技术
生物正交反应因其固有的化学选择性和可调节的反应速率,被认为是应用于复杂生命体系研究中的理想反应。目前广泛应用的生物正交环加成反应主要包括,分子环张力促进的叠氮和炔烃的环加成(SPAAC)反应及四嗪和张力烯烃或炔烃之间的逆电子需求的Diels-Alder(IEDDA)反应。SPAAC反应中使用具有张力的炔烃替代普通端炔,虽然消除了金属催化剂引起的毒性,但是环加成反应的速率有所降低。而因具有超快反应动力学受到研究人员青睐的四嗪与张力烯烃的IEDDA反应,其高反应活性却是以牺牲反应试剂的稳定性为代价的。所以发展可以兼顾反应动力学和试剂稳定性的非张力驱动的生物正交反应,在更为复杂的生命体系的科学研究中具有重要的研究意义和生物医药应用前景。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明针对以上现有技术中存在的缺陷,一是制备一类稳定性高、反应性好的四嗪类化合物,二是开发一类新型四嗪与非张力烯基硼酸的快速环加成反应,并提供该反应的应用。
技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
;
其中:
R1选自C1-3烷基;
R2选自羟基、C1-3烷氧基、C1-3烷基-胺基;
R3选自H、C1-3烷基、C1-3烷基-烃基、C1-3烷基-羧酸、C1-3烷基-氨基、C1-3烷基叠氮、C1-3烷基炔烃;
R4选自H、C1-3烷基、羧基、C1-3烷基-羧基、氨基、C1-3烷基-氨基、取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的六元杂芳基、-O-CONH-CH2-Ph、-CH2-O-CH3;所述取代苯基、取代六元杂芳基各自独立地被以下基团取代:COOH、CH2COOH、氨基或CH2NH2。进一步优选地,所述氨基、C1-3烷基-氨基中的氨基或用Boc保护。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐,
R1选自C1-3烷基;
R2选自羟基、C1-3烷氧基、C1-3烷基-胺基;
R3选自H、C1-3烷基、C1-3烷基-烃基、C1-3烷基-羧酸、C1-3烷基-氨基、C1-3烷基叠氮、C1-3烷基炔烃;
R4选自H、C1-3烷基、羧基、C1-3烷基-羧基、氨基、C1-3烷基-氨基、取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的六元杂芳基、-O-CONH-CH2-Ph、-CH2-O-CH3;所述取代苯基、取代六元杂芳基各自独立地被以下基团取代:COOH、CH2COOH、氨基或CH2NH2;所述氨基、C1-3烷基-氨基中的氨基或用Boc保护;
所述六元杂芳基为六元氮杂芳基。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐,所述六元氮杂芳基为吡啶基、嘧啶基。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐,所述四嗪类化合物选自以下结构的一种:
。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
;
R1、R2、R3、R4同前所述。
其中,优选的,A和B的投料当量比例是4:1-10:1。
优选的,不使用溶剂,或使用的溶剂是乙醇。
优选的,反应温度是40℃-60℃。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,所述原料A选自以下结构的一种:
。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,所述原料B选自以下结构的一种:
。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐,所述四嗪类化合物和烯基硼酸发生的化学方程式如下:
;
R1、R2、R3、R4同上所述,
R5选自苯基、、、。
所述的四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐在制备标记、抗体偶联药物、前药递送系统或蛋白靶向嵌合体技术中的应用。
所述的应用,前药递送系统是由所述四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐和烯基硼酸的前药反应,释放药物进行治疗;
;
R1、R2、R3、R4同上所述,drug代表药物或药物前药。
所述的应用,蛋白靶向嵌合体技术是基于所述四嗪类化合物或其互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐和烯基硼酸发生生物正交反应;
;
R1、R2、R3同上所述,R和R4代表蛋白靶向嵌合体技术的靶向配体。
有益效果:相较于现有技术,本发明具有如下优势:(1)本发明的四嗪化合物稳定性好,在生物体内不易被生物硫醇等进攻分解。(2)非张力的烯基硼酸试剂便捷易得,稳定性好,生物相容性高。(3)本发明的四嗪化合物和烯基硼酸发生的生物正交反应在兼顾反应试剂稳定的同时,保证了高速的反应动力学,并实验验证了所述四嗪化合物在乳腺癌蛋白靶向降解中的应用。本发明的四嗪化合物有很大潜力可以应用于标记、抗体偶联药物、前药释放、蛋白靶向降解等疾病治疗的生物医药领域。
附图说明
图1为制备的新型四嗪化合物Tz-17的核磁氢谱谱图;
图2为制备的烯基硼酸衍生物VBA-2的核磁氢谱谱图;
图3为制备的阿霉素前药VBA-DOX的核磁氢谱谱图;
图4为本发明制备的新型四嗪化合物和烯基硼酸衍生物的的分子释放实验数据;
图5为本发明应用于前药释放策略的示意图和具体分子结构;
图6为各实验组条件下的细胞存活率;
图7为本发明应用于蛋白靶向嵌合体技术的示意图和具体分子结构;
图8为靶蛋白降解的蛋白条带显影结果。
具体实施方式
下述实施例仅作为示例性说明和解释本发明,而不能被解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于本发明上述内容所完成的技术均在本发明保护的范围内。
实施例1
化合物Tz-2的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
第一步:化合物2的制备
将2,3-二甲基-4-硝基吡啶-N-氧化物(1.68g, 10mmol)和碳酸钾(4.13g,30mmol)溶于50ml甲醇溶液中,65℃加热回流5h,硅藻土过滤,柱层析得到1.32g白色固体,即化合物2,收率60%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.14 (d,J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (d,J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.17 (s, 3H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd.For [C8H12NO2]+m/z: 154.0862; found: 154.0861.
第二步:化合物3的制备
将化合物2(1.32g, 8.6mmol)溶于18ml醋酸酐溶液中,100℃加热搅拌反应4h,旋干溶剂,加入15ml氢氧化钠水溶液(2mol/L),90℃加热搅拌反应4h,二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析得到0.825g黄色固体,即化合物3,收率70%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ8.32 (d,J= 5.7 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (d,J= 5.7 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (s, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H),2.04 (s, 3H). ESI-HRMS: [M-H]-calcd. For [C8H10NO2]-m/z: 152.0717; found:152.0713.
第三步:化合物4的制备
将化合物3(500mg, 3mmol)溶于10ml乙酸乙酯溶液中,再加入活性二氧化锰粉末(1.318g, 15mmol),升温至回流搅拌过夜,硅藻土过滤,旋干乙酸乙酯溶液,柱层析得到434mg浅黄色油状物,即化合物4,收率87%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.19 (s, 1H),8.54 (d,J= 5.4 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d,J= 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 2.52 (s, 3H).ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C8H10NO2]+m/z: 152.0706; found: 152.0701.
第四步:化合物A-1的制备
将化合物4(434mg, 2.6mmol)溶于10ml乙腈溶液中,0℃下加入盐酸羟胺(218mg,3.1mmol)和三乙胺(0.55ml, 3.9mmol),升温至回流搅拌5h,旋干溶剂得到468mg化合物5。
冰浴条件下,将化合物5(468mg, 2.6mmol)溶于8ml二甲基亚砜溶液中,再加入碳酸钾(880mg, 6.3mmol)和醋酸酐(0.6ml, 6.3mmol),50℃加热搅拌反应过夜,加水淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到375mg白色固体,即化合物A-1,两步87收率%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.40 (d,J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d,J= 5.6 Hz,1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 2.40 (s, 3H).ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C8H9N2O]+m/z:149.0709; found: 149.0704.
第五步:化合物Tz-2的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物A-1(0.483g, 3mmol)和2-氰基吡啶(1.25g, 12mmol)溶于2ml乙醇溶液中,0℃下先加入3-巯基丙酸(0.3ml, 3mmol),再缓慢滴加水合肼(1.5ml,30mmol),50℃加热搅拌反应24h,恢复室温后,冰浴条件下加入亚硝酸钠和盐酸水溶液搅拌30min,二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到0.234g紫红色固体化合物,即化合物Tz-2,收率25%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.00 (d,J= 4.0 Hz, 1H), 8.75(d,J= 7.9 Hz, 1H), 8.64 (d,J= 5.5 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (td,J= 7.8, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59(ddd,J=7.6,4.8,1.1Hz,1H),6.98(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.99(s,3H),2.41(s,3H). ESI-HRMS:[M+H]+calcd. For [C14H13N6O]+m/z: 281.1145; found: 281.1139.
实施例2
化合物Tz-17的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
第一步:化合物7的制备
将4-甲氧基-3,5-二甲基-2-羟甲基吡啶(500mg, 3mmol)溶于10ml乙酸乙酯溶液中,再加入活性二氧化锰粉末(1.318g, 15mmol),升温至回流搅拌过夜,硅藻土过滤,旋干乙酸乙酯溶液,柱层析得到434mg浅黄色油状物,即化合物7,收率88%。1H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl3) δ 10.14 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 2.35 (s,3H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C9H12NO2]+m/z: 166.0863; found: 166.0858.
第二步:化合物A-3的制备
将化合物7(434mg, 2.6mmol)溶于10ml乙腈溶液中,0℃下加入盐酸羟胺(218mg,3.1mmol)和三乙胺(0.55ml, 3.9mmol),升温至回流搅拌5h,旋干溶剂得到468mg化合物8。
冰浴条件下,将化合物8(468mg, 2.6mmol)溶于8ml二甲基亚砜溶液中,再加入碳酸钾(880mg, 6.3mmol)和醋酸酐(0.6ml, 6.3mmol),50℃加热搅拌反应过夜,加水淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到375mg白色固体,即化合物A-3,两步收率88%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.31 (s, 1H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.32(s, 3H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For[C9H11N2O]+m/z: 163.0866; found:163.0863.
第三步:化合物Tz-17的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物A-3(34mg, 0.2mmol)和2-氰基吡啶(83mg, 0.8mmol)溶于2ml乙醇溶液中,0℃下先加入3-巯基丙酸(0.01ml, 0.08mmol),再缓慢滴加水合肼(0.16ml, 3.2mmol),40℃加热搅拌反应24h,回复室温后,冰浴条件下加入亚硝酸钠和盐酸水溶液搅拌30min,二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到10mg紫红色固体化合物,即化合物Tz-17,收率21%。核磁氢谱谱图见图1。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.99(d,J= 4.7 Hz, 1H), 8.75 (d,J= 7.9 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.02 (td,J= 7.8, 1.7Hz, 1H), 7.70 – 7.54 (m, 1H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.52 (s, 3H), 2.41(s,3H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C15H15N6O]+m/z: 295.1302; found: 295.1296.
实施例3
化合物Tz-30的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物Tz-17(30mg, 0.1mmol)溶于1mL二氯甲烷溶液中,在-20℃条件下缓慢滴加三溴化硼溶液(1mL, 1mmol),滴加结束后再反应12小时,用甲醇溶液缓慢淬灭反应,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到9mg红色固体,即为化合物Tz-30,收率30%。1H NMR (500MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 8.91 (dt,J= 4.52, 1.49 Hz, 1H), 8.82 (dt,J= 7.90, 1.02Hz, 1H), 8.20 (td,J= 7.80, 1.72 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (d,J= 1.02 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (ddd,J= 7.72, 4.79, 1.19 Hz, 1H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 2.20 (d,J= 0.86 Hz, 3H).ESI-HRMS:[M+H]+calcd. For [C14H13N6O]+m/z: 281.1145; found: 281.1140.
参考上述制备方法,合成下列四嗪化合物:
Tz-1: 紫红色固体,1H NMR (500 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.73 – 8.67 (m,2H), 8.62 (d,J= 5.54 Hz, 1H), 7.68 – 7.60 (m, 3H), 6.98 (d,J= 5.59 Hz, 1H),4.00 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H).ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C15H14N5O]+m/z:208.1193; found:280.1189.
Tz-16: 紫红色固体,1H NMR (500 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.71 – 8.67 (m,2H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 7.70 – 7.60 (m, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.40 (s,3H).ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C16H16N5O]+m/z:294.1349 ; found:294.1344.
Tz-27: 紫红色固体,1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.57 (s, 1H), 5.17(s, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 2.42 (d,J= 0.71 Hz, 3H).ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C12H16N5O2]+m/z:262.1299 ; found:262.1295.
Tz-29: 紫红色固体,1NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 8.64 – 8.53 (m, 2H), 7.98(s, 1H), 7.85 – 7.66 (m, 3H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H).ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C15H14N5O]+m/z: 280.1193; found:280.1188.
实施例4
化合物Tz-28的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
第一步:化合物9的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物Tz-27(100mg, 0.38mmol)溶于1mL二氯甲烷溶液中,在-20℃条件下缓慢滴加三溴化硼溶液(2Ml, 2mmol),滴加结束后再反应10小时,用甲醇溶液缓慢淬灭反应,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到40mg红色固体,即为化合物9,收率70%。1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.53 (s, 1H), 5.37 (s, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.40(s, 3H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C10H12N5O2]+m/z: 234.0986; found:234.0979.
第二步:化合物Tz-28的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物9(40mg, 0.16mmol)和苄基异氰酸酯(27mg, 0.2mmol)溶于1mL二氯甲烷溶液中,再缓慢滴加三乙胺(20mg, 0.2mmol),室温下反应3小时,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到24mg红色固体,即为化合物Tz-28,收率40%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.52(s, 1H), 7.38 – 7.26 (m, 5H), 5.80 (s, 2H), 5.41 (s, 1H), 4.43 (d,J= 5.9 Hz,2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For[C18H19N6O3]+m/z: 367.1513; found:367.1508.
同样的,将原料换成化合物Tz-12即可制备化合物Tz-13。
参考上述制备方法,合成下列四嗪化合物的产率如下:
。
实施例5
化合物10的制备
将化合物Tz-10(0.10g,0.25mmol)溶于1mL的DCM中,0℃缓慢滴加0.5mL的三氟乙酸,反应30分钟后,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到30mg棕红色固体,即化合物10,收率40%。1H NMR(500 MHz, Methanol-d 4) δ 8.67 (d,J= 6.44 Hz, 1H), 8.44 – 8.31 (m, 2H), 7.56(d,J= 6.47 Hz, 1H), 6.86 – 6.71 (m, 2H), 4.21 (s, 3H), 2.56 (s, 3H).ESI-HRMS:[M+H]+calcd. For [C15H15N6O]+m/z: 295.1302; found: 295.1298.
实施例6
苯乙烯基硼酸衍生物VBA-1的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物11(8.0g,20mmol)和乙烯基硼频哪醇酯(3.7mL,22mmol),Pd[P(tBu)3]2(0.5g,1mmol)溶于无水甲苯(100mL),再加入三乙胺(6mL,40mmol),50℃加热反应过夜。过夜后旋干溶液,柱层析得到6.3g白色固体化合物12,收率73%。1H NMR (400 MHz,Chloroform-d) δ 7.63 – 7.43 (m, 2H), 6.76 – 6.57 (m, 2H), 4.60 (s, 2H), 3.79(s, 3H).ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C17H24BO5]+m/z: 319.1711; found:319.1706.
将化合物12(0.32g,1mmol)和氢氧化锂(48mg,2mmol)溶于4mL的THF和1mL的水组成的混合溶液中,室温搅拌2小时后,旋干液体,加入少量稀盐酸(浓度为0.5M)搅拌30分钟,柱层析得到1.3g淡黄色固体化合物VBA-1,收率60%。1H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4) δ7.50 – 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.28 (d,J= 18.11 Hz, 1H), 6.96 – 6.86 (m, 2H), 6.22 (d,J= 18.07 Hz, 1H), 4.67 (s, 2H).ESI-HRMS: [M-H]-calcd. For [C10H10BO5]-m/z:221.0627; found: 221.0623.。
实施例7
苯乙烯基硼酸衍生物VBA-2的制备
第一步:化合物14的制备
将化合物13(1.25g,10mmol)和碳酸钾(1.97g, 15mmol)溶于15mL的DMF溶液中,搅拌加热至70℃,缓慢滴加三氯乙烯(2.10g,15mmol)于反应液中,反应过夜。用乙酸乙酯溶液萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到2.08g淡黄色油状物,即为化合物14,收率79%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 – 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.11 – 6.97 (m, 2H), 5.96(s, 1H), 4.68 (s, 2H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C9H9Cl2O2]+m/z: 218.9974;found:218.9969.
第二步:化合物15的制备
将化合物14(2.08g, 9.5mmol)溶于20mL的DMF溶液中,冰浴条件下加入咪唑(0.95g, 14mmol)和TBDMSCL (2.11g, 14mmol),30分钟后回复至室温再反应4个小时。用乙酸乙酯溶液萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析得到3.00g无色液体,即为化合物15,收率85%。1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.37 – 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.08 – 7.00 (m, 2H), 5.94 (s,1H), 4.72 (s, 2H), 0.95 (s, 9H), 0.11 (s, 6H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For[C15H22Cl2O2Si]+m/z: 332.0766; found:332.0759.
第三步:化合物16的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物15(3.00g, 9mmol)溶于20mL无水四氢呋喃溶液中,再在-80℃条件下逐滴滴加正丁基锂(22mL, 36mmol),反应1个小时后自然回复至-40℃,再反应2个小时。用冰水淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥。柱层析得到1.89g棕色液体,即为化合物16,收率69%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.36 – 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.27 – 7.23(m, 2H), 4.72 (s, 2H), 2.07 (s, 1H), 0.93 (s, 9H), 0.09 (s, 6H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C15H23O2Si]+m/z: 263.1462; found:263.1458.
第四步:化合物17的制备
冰浴条件下,将化合物16(0.67g, 2.55mmol)溶于10mL四氢呋喃溶液中,再滴加TBAF(2.8mL, 2.8mmol),反应30分钟后,回复至室温反应4个小时。旋干溶剂,柱层析得到0.34g棕色液体,即为化合物17,收率52%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 – 7.35 (m,2H), 7.31 – 7.26 (m, 2H), 4.68 (d,J= 5.7 Hz, 2H), 2.10 (s, 1H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C9H8O2]+m/z: 148.0524; found:148.0519.
第五步:化合物18的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物17(0.34g, 2.3mmol)溶于15mL甲苯溶液中,再加入钌催化剂(0.11g, 0.12mmol)和频哪醇硼烷(1.46g, 12mmol),加热至50℃反应过夜。旋干溶剂,柱层析得到0.38g淡黄色液体,即为化合物18,收率74%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.36 –7.31 (m, 2H), 7.23 (d, J = 13.8 Hz, 1H), 7.07 – 7.02 (m, 2H), 4.88 (d, J =13.9 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H), 1.60 (t, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 1.27 (s,12H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C15H22BO4]+m/z: 277.1606; found:277.1600.
第六步:化合物VBA-2的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物18(0.38g, 1.38mmol)和苄基异氰酸酯(0.20g, 1.51mmol)溶于5mL二氯甲烷溶液中,再缓慢滴加三乙胺(0.15g, 1.51mmol),室温下反应3小时,旋干溶剂,柱层析得到0.36g化合物19。
将化合物19(0.20g,0.49mmol)和高碘酸钠(0.32g,1.5mmol)、醋酸铵(0.12g,1.5mmol)溶于4mL丙酮和2mL水的混合溶液中,室温反应3个小时。乙酸乙酯溶液萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析得到0.10g白色固体,即为化合物VBA-2,收率64%。核磁氢谱谱图见图2。1HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 7.39 – 6.97 (m, 10H), 4.97 (s, 2H), 4.79 (d,J= 13.8 Hz,1H), 4.15 (s, 2H). ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+calcd. For [C17H18BNO5]+m/z: 327.1278;found:327.1271.
实施例8
阿霉素前药DOX-VBA的制备
氮气氛围下,将化合物18(0.036g, 0.13mmol)和双五氟苯基碳酸酯(0.20g,1.51mmol)溶于5mL二氯甲烷溶液中,再缓慢滴加三乙胺(0.055g, 0.14mmol),室温下反应3小时,旋干溶剂,得到化合物20粗产品,直接下一步。氮气氛围下,将化合物20粗产品和盐酸阿霉素(0.075g,0.13mmol)、三乙胺(0.015g,0.15mmol)溶于无水干燥的4mL的DMF溶液中,室温反应24个小时。然后用二氯甲烷和水萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后,柱层析得到0.031g红色固体,即为化合物DOX-VBA,两步收率30%。核磁氢谱谱图见图3。1H NMR(400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 13.97 (s, 1H), 13.23 (s, 1H), 8.03 (dd,J= 7.71,1.08 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (t,J= 8.10 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (dd,J= 8.65, 1.09 Hz, 1H), 7.27(d,J= 8.14 Hz, 2H), 7.18 (d,J= 13.80 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d,J= 8.16 Hz, 2H), 5.50(d,J= 3.89 Hz, 1H), 5.29 (q,J= 2.60 Hz, 1H), 5.13 (d,J= 8.58 Hz, 1H), 4.98(s, 2H), 4.85 (d,J= 13.84 Hz, 1H), 4.81 – 4.70 (m, 2H), 4.55 (s, 1H), 4.14(d,J= 6.60 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.88 (d,J= 12.49 Hz, 1H), 3.66 (s, 1H),3.27 (dd,J= 18.87, 1.92 Hz, 1H), 3.02 (d,J= 5.69 Hz, 1H), 2.33 (dt,J= 14.85,2.16 Hz, 1H), 2.17 (dd,J= 14.74, 4.07 Hz, 1H), 1.88 (dd,J= 13.52, 5.07 Hz,1H), 1.77 (td,J= 13.16, 4.05 Hz, 1H), 1.25 (s, 12H), 1.23 (s, 3H).ESI-HRMS:[M+H]+calcd. For [C43H49BNO16]+m/z: 846.3139; found:846.3130.
实施例9
四嗪化合物的稳定性测试
具体实施方法:将四嗪类化合物以100uM的浓度溶于10%FBS/DMEM溶液中(溶液中含2.5%DMSO助溶),通过HPLC监测6小时和24小时的四嗪化合物残存量,分析四嗪化合物在生物环境中的稳定性。
其中Tz-Py的结构如下式,
作为现有技术中普遍使用的四嗪化合物,用于和本发明的四嗪化合物进行对比。
测试结果显示本发明的四嗪类化合物最高可以在生物环境中存在24小时后依然超过92%未被进攻破坏。本发明的四嗪类化合物相较于现有技术的四嗪化合物在生物环境中稳定性都有提升。
实施例10
四嗪化合物和苯乙烯基硼酸的反应速率测试
具体实施方法:利用HPLC监测不同四嗪化合物和苯乙烯硼酸反应后的四嗪化合物的剩余量来测试反应速率,其中四嗪化合物的物质的量浓度为1mM,苯乙烯硼酸的物质的量浓度为0.2mM,溶剂为甲醇溶液。
测试结果显示,本发明的四嗪类化合物相较于现有技术的四嗪化合物Tz-Py反应速率最高可以提升两个数量级,并且结合稳定性测试数据可以看出,本发明的四嗪类化合物不仅可以在生物环境中稳定存在,并且可以满足生物正交反应所需的反应速率,有很大的潜力可以应用在生物医药领域。
实施例11
四嗪化合物和苯乙烯基硼酸衍生物VBA-2的分子释放测试
具体实施方法:将四嗪化合物Tz-2和苯乙烯硼酸衍生物VBA-2均以0.02M的物质的量浓度溶解于氘代溶液(氘代DMSO:氘代H2O=9:1)。使用500MHz核磁仪器对反应进行不同时间后的测试,在氢谱上监测原料和产物的特征信号峰来测试分子示范释放。测试结果见图4。
测试结果显示本发明的四嗪化合物Tz-2和苯乙烯硼酸衍生物VBA-2可以在反应后释放苄氨分子,并且在12小时释放了一半的苄氨分子。本发明的四嗪化合物在现有技术不能兼顾稳定性和反应性的条件下,通过分子设计和合成,实现了稳定性和反应性的兼顾,并且可以实现药物释放策略,在靶向前药释放方面有很大的潜力,有希望用于生物医药领域。
实施例12
前药释放策略测试
首先测试四嗪Tz-2、阿霉素前药DOX-VBA、加成产物product和阿霉素DOX的毒性。(用IC50值表征,分子结构和示意图见图5)
将HepG2细胞用96孔板种板后,过夜贴壁,次日换成1% FBS DMEM培养基,向培养基中加入不同浓度的Tz-2、DOX-VBA、product和DOX,37℃孵育48 h。加入50μL1×MTT,继续反应4 h,加入DMSO除去培养液,测试不同浓度的细胞存活率,计算IC50值。(细胞存活率详见图6)
然后测试四嗪Tz-2和阿霉素前药DOX-VBA的前药释放细胞实验
将HepG2细胞用96孔板种板后,过夜贴壁,次日换成1% FBS DMEM培养基,首先向培养基中加入不同浓度的DOX-VBA,37℃孵育30min,再加入Tz-2后孵育48 h。加入50μL1×MTT,继续反应4 h,加入DMSO除去培养液,测试不同浓度的细胞存活率,计算IC50值。(细胞存活率详见图6)
。
实验结果中四嗪化合物Tz-2和化合物Product是无毒的,生物相容性高。阿霉素前药的毒性小于阿霉素,我们利用生物正交反应在细胞内原位释放阿霉素,从细胞层面验证了前药释放的可行性。
实验例13
四嗪化合物和苯乙烯硼酸衍生物应用于靶向蛋白降解。
将MDA-MB-231细胞用六孔板种板后,过夜贴壁,次日换成1%FBS DMEM培养基,首先向培养基加入10 μM的JQ1-VBA(ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+ calcd. For[C31H33BClN6O5S]+m/z:647.2009; found:647.2002,见图7;其中JQ1是靶向BRD4蛋白的非共价抑制剂,VBA采用VBA-1),37℃孵育18h。再加入不同浓度的THA-Tz(ESI-HRMS: [M+H]+ calcd. For [C34H33N8O7]+m/z: 665.2467; found:647.2463,见图7;其中THA是CRBN的配体沙利多胺,化合物10为Tz-10脱Boc制备得到),继续37℃孵育20h, 收集细胞并转移至1.5 mL无菌除霉离心管中。加入RIPA lysis buffer置于冰上超声裂解细胞,超声结束后冰上静置30 min(每隔10min涡旋一次),4℃、12000g离心5min,然后收集上清液并利用BCA试剂盒测量蛋白质浓度。取20μL5×SDS loading buffer于1.5 mL无菌除霉离心管中,加入20μg蛋白的蛋白液以及一定量的lysis buffer使得最终体积100μL,充分混匀后将离心管置于95℃金属浴中煮5min,随后等待蛋白温度降为室温后进行实验。
在1×running buffer中成功进行蛋白分离后,再在预冷的1×trans buffer中将蛋白转移至PVDF膜上。转膜完成后将膜完成后将膜置于5%脱酯奶粉的TBST中封闭1 h。然后将目的条带置于相应一抗中,在室温下孵育2h。一抗孵育结束后,将膜用1×TBST洗涤4次,每次15min。洗涤结束后将膜转移至相应二抗中室温孵育1h,孵育完成后再用1×TBST洗涤4次,每次15min,最后利用试剂盒显影蛋白条带(详见图8)。
实验结果证明我们能够利用两个分子量较小的生物正交前体,在细胞内发生生物正交反应原位生成蛋白降解靶向嵌合体,从而实现对靶蛋白的泛素标记及高效降解。该技术有很大潜力应用于生物医药领域。
Claims (9)
1.一种四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,该化合物结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
;其中:
R1选自C1-3烷基;
R2选自羟基、C1-3烷氧基;
R3选自H、C1-3烷基;
R4选自C1-3烷基-氨基、取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的六元杂芳基、CH2-O-CH3;所述取代苯基、取代六元杂芳基各自独立地被以下基团取代:氨基或CH2NH2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,
所述六元杂芳基为六元氮杂芳基;或,所述氨基、C1-3烷基-氨基中的氨基可用Boc保护。
3.根据权利要求2所述的四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述六元氮杂芳基为吡啶基、嘧啶基。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述四嗪类化合物选自以下结构的一种:
。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一项所述的四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
;
R1、R2、R3、R4同权利要求1所述。
6.根据权利要求5所述的四嗪类化合物或药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述原料A选自以下结构的一种:
。
7.根据权利要求5所述的四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述原料B选自以下结构的一种:
。
8.一种权利要求1-4任一项所述的四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在烯基硼酸的前药递送或制备蛋白靶向嵌合体中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,在烯基硼酸的前药递送中,由权利要求1所述四嗪类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐和烯基硼酸的前药反应,释放药物进行治疗;
;
R1、R2、R3、R4同权利要求1所述,drug代表药物或药物前药。
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