CN117699658A - Offshore large-scale steel reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method - Google Patents
Offshore large-scale steel reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117699658A CN117699658A CN202410161254.5A CN202410161254A CN117699658A CN 117699658 A CN117699658 A CN 117699658A CN 202410161254 A CN202410161254 A CN 202410161254A CN 117699658 A CN117699658 A CN 117699658A
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 243
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a turnover hoisting construction method for a large-scale offshore steel reinforcement cage, which comprises the following steps: checking and confirming a hanging point of the reinforcement cage; the steel reinforcement cage is axially provided with a plurality of stiffening rings, the lifting points comprise four upper lifting points and two lower lifting points, the upper lifting points are positioned on one stiffening ring at the uppermost end of the steel reinforcement cage, and the lower lifting points are positioned on two stiffening rings at the lowermost end of the steel reinforcement cage; hoisting a reinforcement cage; the special lifting appliance is matched with the first crawler crane and the second crawler crane to lift the reinforcement cage at the same time, and the upper end of the special lifting appliance is connected with the lifting hook of the first crawler crane; the lifting hook of the first crawler crane is kept motionless, the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is lowered until the reinforcement cage is vertical, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is removed after the reinforcement cage is completely stressed by the first crawler crane; vertical positioning and plane positioning are carried out on the reinforcement cage; and lowering the reinforcement cage into the steel casing hole. According to the turning-over and hoisting construction method for the offshore large steel reinforcement cage, the offshore large steel reinforcement cage can be smoothly hoisted and lowered into the steel casing hole of the drilling pile position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a turnover hoisting construction method for a large-scale offshore steel reinforcement cage.
Background
The reinforcement cage mainly plays a tensile role, and the compressive strength of concrete is high but the tensile strength is very low in the same way as the stress of the longitudinal reinforcement of the column. The reinforcement cage plays a role in restraining pile body concrete, so that the pile body concrete can bear certain axial tension.
When bridge and culvert or high-rise building is constructed, the foundation is piled by using machine punching and water mill drilling, after the hole depth reaches the design requirement, a reinforcement cage is placed in the pile hole, and then a guide pipe is inserted for concrete casting. For large-scale offshore bridges, pile foundations at pier positions are generally cast-in-situ bored piles, steel pile casings and steel reinforcement cages are sequentially lowered at pile positions, and concrete construction is performed to form pile foundations.
However, the reinforcement cages required for the offshore bridge tend to be large in size, and how to lower the offshore large-sized reinforcement cages into the steel casing in the bored pile becomes a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a turnover hoisting construction method for a large-scale steel reinforcement cage at sea, which can smoothly hoist and lower the large-scale steel reinforcement cage at sea into a steel casing hole of a bored pile position.
In order to achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides a turnover hoisting construction method for a large-scale marine steel reinforcement cage, which comprises the following steps:
checking and confirming a hanging point of the reinforcement cage; the steel reinforcement cage is axially provided with a plurality of stiffening rings, the lifting points comprise four upper lifting points and two lower lifting points, the upper lifting points are positioned on one stiffening ring at the uppermost end of the steel reinforcement cage, and the lower lifting points are positioned on two stiffening rings at the lowermost end of the steel reinforcement cage; the connecting line of the two lower hanging points is parallel to the axial direction;
lifting the reinforcement cage; lifting the reinforcement cage by adopting a lifting appliance to cooperate with a first crawler crane and a second crawler crane, wherein the upper end of the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting hook of the first crawler crane, the lower end of the lifting appliance is connected with the upper lifting point, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is connected with the lower lifting point; the lifting hook of the first crawler crane is kept motionless, the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is gradually lowered, when the angle between the reinforcement cage and the horizontal plane is close to 70 degrees, the lifting part of the first crawler crane is high, so that the steel wire rope of the second crawler crane is loosened, the load of the reinforcement cage is completely transferred to the first crawler crane until the reinforcement cage is vertical, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is removed after the reinforcement cage is completely stressed by the first crawler crane; the first crawler crane translates the reinforcement cage to be right above the steel casing hole; the lifting capacity of the first crawler crane is larger than that of the second crawler crane, and the lifting capacity of the second crawler crane is at least 150t;
carrying out vertical positioning and plane positioning on the reinforcement cage;
and lowering the reinforcement cage into the steel casing hole.
As a preferred embodiment, the slings between the spreader and the hooks of the first crawler are endless loops of 66mm diameter.
As a preferred embodiment, the slings between the spreader and the upper suspension point are pressed wire rope rigging of 46mm diameter.
As a preferred embodiment, the hanger has a square shape and a rated load of 180t.
As a preferred embodiment, the number of the endless loops is four, the lower ends of the endless loops are respectively connected with four peaks of the upper surface of the lifting appliance, and the length of the endless loops is at least 6m.
As a preferred embodiment, the number of the pressing steel wire ropes is four, and the upper ends of the pressing steel wire ropes are respectively connected with the midpoints of four sides of the lower surface of the lifting appliance; each group of the pressing steel wire rope comprises an upper half part and a lower half part which are connected through a single-wheel opening pulley, the length of the pressing steel wire rope of the upper half part is at least 3m, and the length of the pressing steel wire rope of the lower half part is at least 13m; the lower end of the pressing steel wire rope sling of the lower half part is connected with 2 bow shackles of 25t, and the bow shackles are used for being connected with the upper hanging point.
As a preferred embodiment, four upper hanging points are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the reinforcement cage at intervals, and the projection of the lower hanging point in the plane of the upper hanging point is positioned in the middle of two adjacent upper hanging points in the circumferential direction.
As a preferred embodiment, the construction method is used for hoisting the reinforcement cages at the first pier position, the second pier position and the third pier position, and the distances between the first pier position, the second pier position and the third pier position and the bank are gradually increased; the steel reinforcement cage at the first pier position is one section, the steel reinforcement cage at the second pier position is divided into two sections for transportation and hoisting, and the steel reinforcement cage at the third pier position is divided into three sections for transportation and hoisting; for the steel reinforcement cage of second mound position and third mound position department, with the former section steel reinforcement cage place down to behind the steel casing hole, the former section steel reinforcement cage is hung through the suspension ring in the steel casing hole, after lifting by crane the latter section steel reinforcement cage, make the latter section steel reinforcement cage and the former section steel reinforcement cage dock, carry out vertical location and plane location to the latter section steel reinforcement cage again, with the latter section steel reinforcement cage place down in the steel casing hole.
As a preferred embodiment, in the step of abutting the next section of reinforcement cage against the previous section of reinforcement cage, the next section of reinforcement cage is lifted to a position right above the previous section of reinforcement cage by the first crawler crane, and the gap between the two sections of reinforcement cage is adjusted to abut against the two sections of reinforcement cage; the main reinforcement of two sections of reinforcement cages is lengthened by adopting a sleeve straight thread connection mode, and the rest reinforcement is welded or bound.
As a preferred embodiment, the two main ribs butted in the step of butting are two main ribs butted together in prefabrication; when the main bars of the two sections of reinforcement cages are in butt joint, the gap between the two wire heads of the same joint is smaller than or equal to 1mm; when the gap is larger than 1mm, the two main ribs are pulled by the chain hoist.
As a preferred embodiment, the suspension ring comprises a clamping plate and a supporting ring, the supporting ring comprises two semicircular rings connected through bolts, and the clamping plate can be drawn back and forth in the supporting ring; the suspension ring is arranged on the top surface of the orifice drilling platform, and the previous section of reinforcement cage which is lowered into the steel casing hole is supported on the suspension ring through the reinforcing plate.
Advantageous effects
According to the turnover hoisting construction method for the large-scale offshore reinforcement cage, provided by the invention, the appropriate upper hoisting points and the appropriate lower hoisting points are arranged on the reinforcement cage according to the characteristics of the large-scale offshore reinforcement cage, so that the subsequent hoisting is facilitated; lifting the reinforcement cage by adopting a lifting appliance to match with the first crawler crane and the second crawler crane, wherein after the reinforcement cage is lifted by the first crawler crane and the second crawler crane at the same time, the lifting hook of the first crawler crane is kept motionless, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is gradually lowered until the reinforcement cage is vertical, after the reinforcement cage is completely stressed by the first crawler crane, the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is removed, and the reinforcement cage is translated to be right above the steel casing hole by the first crawler crane, so that the turning over of the large-scale offshore reinforcement cage from a horizontal state to a vertical state can be smoothly realized; and then, after the reinforcement cage is vertically positioned and plane positioned, the reinforcement cage is lowered into the steel casing hole, so that the construction method can smoothly hoist and lower the offshore large-sized reinforcement cage into the steel casing hole of the bored pile.
Specific embodiments of the invention are disclosed in detail below with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not limited in scope thereby.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a step flow chart of a turning and hoisting construction method for a large-scale offshore reinforcement cage provided in the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the steps of step S20 in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a connection between a reinforcement cage and a lifting appliance according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A plane in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a top view of a spreader provided in this embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an upper lifting lug on a reinforcement cage according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the B-B plane in FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first base provided in the present embodiment;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a first torus according to the present embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a lower lifting lug on a reinforcement cage according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a left side view of FIG. 10;
fig. 12 to 15 are construction schematic diagrams of each step of step S20;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a suspension ring provided in the present embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a top view of a suspension ring provided in this embodiment;
fig. 18 is a top view of a bolster provided in this embodiment;
fig. 19 is an installation elevation of a reinforcing plate provided in the present embodiment;
fig. 20 is a plan view of a reinforcing plate according to the present embodiment.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a reinforcement cage; 11. reinforcing steel bars; 2. a stiffening ring; 3. a hanging point is arranged; 4. an upper lifting lug; 41. a first base; 42. a first torus; 5. a lower hanging point; 6. a lower lifting lug; 61. a second base; 62. a second torus; 63. a first steel plate; 64. a second steel plate; 7. vertical stiffening plates; 8. a lifting appliance; 9. a loop without a joint; 10. pressing a steel wire rope sling; 101. an upper half; 102. a lower half; 103. single-wheel opening pulley; 104. arcuate shackle; 12. a first crawler crane; 13. a second crawler crane; 131. a wire rope; 132. a lifting pulley; 133. a wire rope loop; 14. a suspension loop; 141. a clamping plate; 142. a support ring; 15. a bolster; 16. a reinforcing plate; 17. a main rib; x, axial direction.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Please refer to fig. 1. The embodiment of the application provides a turnover hoisting construction method for a large-scale offshore steel reinforcement cage, which comprises the following steps:
step S10: the suspension point of the reinforcement cage 1 is checked and confirmed.
As shown in fig. 3, the reinforcement cage 1 is provided with a plurality of stiffening rings 2 in the axial direction X. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the hanging points comprise four upper hanging points 3 and two lower hanging points 5, the upper hanging points 3 are positioned on one stiffening ring 2 at the uppermost end of the reinforcement cage 1, and the lower hanging points 5 are positioned on two stiffening rings 2 at the lowermost end of the reinforcement cage 1. The line connecting the two lower suspension points 5 is parallel to the axial direction X. Before hoisting, field technicians should check the hoisting points and sign hoisting orders, and signal workers, span workers and safety operators should be in place to ensure the construction safety.
Specifically, lifting lugs are arranged at the lifting points and are used for being connected with the lifting appliance below. The upper lifting lug 4 is arranged at the upper lifting point 3, and the adopted material is Q235B. As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the upper shackle 4 includes a first base 41 connected to the reinforcement cage 1 and a first torus 42 provided on the first base 41, the first torus 42 being for providing a through hole connected to the hanger. The first base 41 and the vertical stiffening plate 7, the vertical stiffening plate 7 and the main rib 17 of the reinforcement cage 1, and the first base 41 and the main rib 17 are all fillet welds, the height of the welding leg is not less than 10mm, and particularly the quality of the fillet welds between the first base 41 and the reinforcement 11 needs to be paid attention to. The width of the first base 41 can be adjusted according to the distance between the double rows of main bars 17 of the reinforcement cage 1, and the width of the first base 41 should cover the range of the main bars 17 and be firmly welded with the main bars 17. When the upper lifting lug 4 is assembled by 2 or 3 steel bars 11 into a bundle, the steel bars 11 must be welded into a whole to ensure the rigidity of the steel bars 11.
The lower lifting lug 6 is arranged at the lower lifting point 5, and the adopted material is Q235B. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the lower shackle 6 includes a second base 61 connected to the reinforcement cage 1, a second torus 62 provided on the second base 61, a first steel plate 63 provided under the second base 61, and a second steel plate 64 provided under the first steel plate 63. The second torus 62 is used to provide a through hole for connection to a spreader. The first steel plate 63 and the second base 61 are welded in double-sided groove, the welding seam grade is two-stage, the first steel plate 63, the second base 61 and the second annular body 62 are welded in groove, the welding seam grade is two-stage, the rest is fillet weld, the height of a welding leg is not less than 10mm, and particularly, the quality of the fillet weld between the second base 61 and the steel bar 11 is paid attention to. When the lower lifting lug 6 is assembled by 2 or 3 steel bars 11 to form a bundle, the lower lifting lug and the lower lifting lug must be welded into a whole to ensure the rigidity of the steel bars 11.
Step S20: and hoisting the reinforcement cage 1.
In the step, a lifting appliance 8 is matched with a first crawler crane 12 and a second crawler crane 13 to lift a reinforcement cage 1 at the same time, the upper end of the lifting appliance 8 is connected with a lifting hook of the first crawler crane 12, the lower end of the lifting appliance 8 is connected with an upper lifting point 3, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane 13 is connected with a lower lifting point 5; the lifting hook of the first crawler crane 12 is kept motionless, the lifting hook of the second crawler crane 13 is gradually lowered until the reinforcement cage 1 is vertical, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane 13 is removed after the reinforcement cage 1 is completely stressed by the first crawler crane 12; the first crawler 12 translates the reinforcement cage 1 directly above the steel casing hole. The lifting capacity of the first crawler 12 is greater than the lifting capacity of the second crawler 13, and the lifting capacity of the second crawler 13 is at least 150t.
Specifically, in order to prevent the reinforcement cage 1 from being deformed during the lifting and mounting processes, a lifting appliance 8 as shown in fig. 3 and 5 is designed. The slings between the spreader 8 and the hooks of the first crawler 12 are high performance endless loops 9 of 66mm diameter, and the slings between the spreader 8 and the upper suspension point 3 are compressed wire rope rigging 10 of 46mm diameter.
As shown in fig. 5, the hanger 8 has a square shape, the rated load is 180t, and the adopted material is Q235B. The number of the endless loops 9 is four, the lower ends of the endless loops 9 are respectively connected with four vertexes of the upper surface of the lifting appliance 8, and the length of the endless loops 9 is at least 6m.
As shown in fig. 3, the number of the compressed wire rope 10 is four, and the upper ends of the compressed wire rope are respectively connected with the midpoints of four sides of the lower surface of the lifting appliance 8. Each set of compacted wire harness 10 comprises an upper half 101 and a lower half 102 connected by a 50t single wheel split pulley 103, the upper half 101 having a length of at least 3m and the lower half 102 having a length of at least 13m. The lower end of the lower half 102 is connected with 2 25t bow shackles 104, the bow shackles 104 being intended for connection to the upper suspension point 3. The lower end of the wire rope 131 of the second crawler crane 13 is connected with a wire rope loop 133 through a hoisting pulley 132, and the wire rope loop 133 is connected with the lower lifting lugs 6 at the two lower lifting points 5 after bypassing the hoisting pulley 132.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, four upper suspension points 3 are uniformly distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the reinforcement cage 1, so as to ensure that the first crawler crane 12 can uniformly apply force to the reinforcement cage 1. The projection of the lower suspension point 5 in the plane of the upper suspension point 3 is positioned at the middle of two adjacent upper suspension points 3 in the circumferential direction, so that the first crawler crane 12 and the second crawler crane 13 can conveniently lift the large-scale reinforcement cage 1 at the same time.
Step S30: the reinforcement cage 1 is vertically positioned and plane positioned.
Step S40: the reinforcement cage 1 is lowered into the steel casing hole.
In one embodiment, 4 lifting points can be adopted for turning over the reinforcement cage 1, and 8 lifting points can be adopted for final lowering of the reinforcement cage 1 so as to ensure smooth lowering.
According to the turning-over and hoisting construction method for the large-scale offshore reinforcement cage provided by the embodiment, according to the characteristics of the large-scale offshore reinforcement cage 1, the appropriate upper hoisting point 3 and the appropriate lower hoisting point 5 are arranged on the reinforcement cage 1, so that subsequent hoisting is facilitated; lifting the reinforcement cage 1 by adopting a lifting appliance 8 matched with a first crawler crane 12 and a second crawler crane 13, wherein after the reinforcement cage 1 is lifted by the first crawler crane 12 and the second crawler crane 13 at the same time, the lifting hook of the first crawler crane 12 is kept motionless, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane 13 is gradually lowered until the reinforcement cage 1 is vertical, and after the reinforcement cage 1 is completely stressed by the first crawler crane 12, the lifting hook of the second crawler crane 13 is removed, and the reinforcement cage 1 is translated to be right above a steel casing hole by the first crawler crane 12, so that the turning over of the large-scale offshore reinforcement cage 1 from a horizontal state to a vertical state can be smoothly realized; and then, after the reinforcement cage 1 is vertically positioned and plane positioned, the reinforcement cage 1 is lowered into the steel casing hole, so that the construction method can smoothly hoist and lower the large-scale offshore reinforcement cage 1 into the steel casing hole of the drilling pile position.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, step S20 may specifically include the following steps:
step S21: the first crawler crane 12 and the second crawler crane 13 hook and then lift the reinforcement cage 1 at the same time, as shown in fig. 12.
In this step, the lower part prohibits standing persons during the hoisting process. The lifting capacity of the first crawler crane 12 may be 300t, the main arm length thereof is 42m, the lifting amplitude thereof is 10m, and the rated lifting weight thereof is 182t. The lifting capacity of the second crawler crane 13 may be 150t, the main arm length thereof is 31m, the lifting amplitude thereof is 10m, and the rated lifting weight thereof is 70t. The first crawler crane 12 and the second crawler crane 13 are lifted slowly for 6m at the same time, and the station of the crawler crane is kept still.
Step S22: the hooks of the first crawler 12 remain stationary and the hooks of the second crawler 13 are gradually lowered as shown in fig. 13.
Step S23: when the angle between the reinforcement cage 1 and the horizontal plane approaches 70 °, the lifting part (less) of the first crawler crane 12 is lifted, so that the steel wire rope 131 of the second crawler crane 13 is loosened, and the load of the reinforcement cage 1 is transferred to the first crawler crane 12 entirely, as shown in fig. 14. The hooks of the first crawler 12 are gradually lifted until the reinforcement cage is vertical.
In step S22 and step S23, the horizontal positions of the first crawler 12 and the second crawler 13 are kept stationary.
Step S24: the first crawler 12 slowly rotates to lower the reinforcement cage 1 into the steel casing hole, as shown in fig. 15.
In the embodiment, the offshore large-scale steel reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method is used for hoisting the steel reinforcement cage 1 at the first pier position, the second pier position and the third pier position, and the distances between the first pier position, the second pier position and the third pier position and the bank are gradually increased. The reinforcement cage 1 at the first pier position, the second pier position and the third pier position is respectively segmented according to the design condition of the reinforcement cage 1 and the lifting capacity of equipment.
Wherein, first mound position department is nearest from the bank, and its corresponding steel reinforcement cage 1 length and weight are minimum. In one embodiment, the length of the reinforcement cage 1 at the first pier position can be 18.35m and the total weight of the reinforcement cage 1 is 28.8t, wherein the reinforcement cage 1 is one section, and the reinforcement cage is integrally processed on a reinforcement processing station and transported to a bridge position for hoisting installation.
In one embodiment, the total length of the reinforcement cage 1 at the second pier position can be 42.35m and the total weight of 58.8t, and the reinforcement cage is processed in two sections and transported to the bridge position for installation. The first section has a length of 18m and a weight of 31t; the second section had a length of 24.35m and a weight of 27.8t.
In one embodiment, the total length of the reinforcement cage 1 at the third pier position can be 61.25m, and the total weight of 174.25t, which is processed in three sections and transported to the bridge position for installation. The first section has a length of 18m and a weight of 55.83t; the second section has a length of 18m and a weight of 58.17t; the third section is 25.25m long and 60.25t in weight.
For the reinforcement cages 1 at the second pier position and the third pier position, after the previous section of reinforcement cage is lowered into the steel casing hole (i.e. step S40), the previous section of reinforcement cage is suspended in the steel casing hole through the suspension ring 14, and then the next section of reinforcement cage is lifted. After hoisting the next section of reinforcement cage (i.e. step S20), the method further comprises the steps of: and the next section of reinforcement cage is abutted with the previous section of reinforcement cage. And then vertically and flatly positioning the next section of reinforcement cage, and lowering the next section of reinforcement cage into the steel casing hole.
Specifically, in the step of butt-jointing the next section of reinforcement cage and the previous section of reinforcement cage, the next section of reinforcement cage is hoisted to the position right above the previous section of reinforcement cage through the first crawler crane 12, the gap between the two sections of reinforcement cage 1 is adjusted, and the butt joint of the two sections of reinforcement cage 1 is performed. The main ribs 17 of the two sections of reinforcement cages 1 are connected in a sleeve straight thread connection mode (one main rib 17 is selected to be welded at a sleeve by a reinforcement bar with the diameter of 16mm and marked for being used as a grounding reinforcement bar), and the rest reinforcement bars are welded or bound for connection. In the manufacturing process of the reinforcement cage 1, the installation quality of the joints of the reinforcement cage 1 is strictly controlled, the reinforcement joints are required to be staggered, the staggered length is 35d (d is the diameter of the reinforcement), and the number of the joints is not more than 50% of the total number of the reinforcement bars with the sections.
It should be noted that the butt joint of the main ribs 17 of the reinforcement cage 1 must be kept uniform for prefabrication and installation, that is, the two main ribs 17 which are butt-jointed together during prefabrication should be marked in advance when the joints are detached in sections in the reinforcement workshop. When the main ribs 17 of the two sections of reinforcement cages 1 are in butt joint, the gap between the two wire heads of the same joint needs to be smaller than or equal to 1mm so as to ensure that the two sections of reinforcement cages 1 are in effective butt joint. When the gap is larger than 1mm, the two main ribs 17 can be pulled by a chain hoist.
The construction method is suitable for turning over and hoisting the large-scale reinforcement cage 1, the maximum diameter of the reinforcement cage 1 can reach 4.5m, the maximum diameter of the reinforcement cage 1 can reach 62m, the maximum diameter of the main reinforcement can reach 50mm, the reinforcement cage is limited by the size and the weight, the reinforcement cage 1 needs to be butted on site for multiple times, the requirement on the machining precision of the reinforcement cage 1 is extremely high, and the accurate butt joint of the joint needs to be ensured. The sectional length can be increased and the number of sections can be reduced on the premise of ensuring safety according to the field conditions and lifting capacity. And the steel reinforcement cage can be used for installing an electric spanner and the centering device for accurate positioning connection.
As shown in fig. 17, the suspension loop 14 includes a catch plate 141 and a support ring 142. The support ring 142 includes two semicircular rings connected by bolts, and the clamping plate 141 can be drawn back and forth in the support ring 142. The suspension ring 14 is mounted on the top surface of the orifice drilling platform and the previous section of reinforcement cage lowered into the steel casing hole is supported on the suspension ring 14 by the reinforcing plate 16, as shown in fig. 19 and 20.
As shown in fig. 16 and 18, the suspension ring 14 may be mounted on the top surface of the orifice drilling platform by a bolster 15, and the outer contour of the bolster 15 may be selected to be square unlike the circular suspension ring 14 to provide better support for the suspension ring 14.
In this embodiment, for step S30, the vertical positioning of the reinforcement cage 1 needs to be completed by determining the length of the hanging bar through calculation according to the known top elevation of the steel casing and the top elevation of the reinforcement cage 1. For planar positioning, in order to ensure the planar position of the reinforcement cage 1 at the pile top, the suspension ring 14 on the platform needs to be concentric with the steel casing, and the center of the lifting appliance 8 is concentric with the suspension ring 14.
In step S40, special concrete protection layer spacers may be symmetrically installed at intervals of 1.5m on the outer side of the reinforcement cage 1, and 8 spacers may be installed on the outer side of the main reinforcement 17 on the same cross section, so that the reinforcement cage 1 remains vertical in the hole and has a sufficient protection layer thickness. When the reinforcement cage 1 is installed, the deviation between the center of the reinforcement cage 1 and the center of the drilling hole should not be larger than 50mm. Necessary measures are needed to strictly prevent the reinforcement cage 1 from floating.
Before hoisting the reinforcement cage 1 on site, the reinforcement cage needs to be hoisted in a centralized distribution center. When lifting in the centralized distribution center, in order to prevent the steel reinforcement cage 1 from deforming, two-point lifting is adopted when lifting and loading, a truss crane (gantry crane) is lifted to a flat car, and the steel reinforcement cage is transported to a hole site of a bored pile. At this time, the position of the hanging point is set near the connection position of the two second reinforcing steel hoops and the main reinforcement 17, and is determined through calculation. When in hoisting, the steel wire rope 131 and the clamping ring are tied firstly, a control rope is tied at one end of the steel reinforcement cage 1, a crane slowly lifts the hook and simultaneously the control rope is pulled by a person to control the direction of the steel reinforcement cage 1, so that the steel reinforcement cage 1 is guaranteed to rotate at will, the crane slowly rotates to place the steel reinforcement cage 1 on a flat car and takes certain fixing measures, and the steel reinforcement cage 1 is prevented from rolling or falling in the transportation process to damage the steel reinforcement cage 1. At the moment, the reinforcement cage 1 adopts two-point hoisting, can be simplified into double-cantilever simple beam calculation, and is uniformly distributed with loadqThe most reasonable lifting point position is to make the negative bending moment at the lifting point equal to the positive bending moment absolute value in the midspan. Because the section lengths of the reinforcement cage 1 are different, the positions of the hanging points are determined according to the lengths of the reinforcement cage 1 before hoisting. Assume that the length of the reinforcement cage 1 islThe two hanging points are both located at two ends of the reinforcement cage 1xAccording to the equationAvailable->。
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and to distinguish between similar objects, and there is no order of preference between them, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Any numerical value recited herein includes all values of the lower and upper values that are incremented by one unit from the lower value to the upper value, as long as there is a separation of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if it is stated that the number of components or the value of a process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, then the purpose is to explicitly list such values as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32, etc. in this specification as well. For values less than 1, one unit is suitably considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are merely examples that are intended to be explicitly recited in this description, and all possible combinations of values recited between the lowest value and the highest value are believed to be explicitly stated in the description in a similar manner.
Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include endpoints and all numbers between endpoints. "about" or "approximately" as used with a range is applicable to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "about 20 to 30" is intended to cover "about 20 to about 30," including at least the indicated endpoints.
All articles and references, including patent applications and publications, disclosed herein are incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novel features of the combination. The use of the terms "comprises" or "comprising" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended that any attribute described as "may" be included is optional.
Multiple elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, component, section or step is not intended to exclude other elements, components, sections or steps.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but instead should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of completeness. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the preceding claims is not intended to forego such subject matter, nor should the inventors regard such subject matter as not be considered to be part of the disclosed subject matter.
Claims (10)
1. The turnover hoisting construction method for the offshore large-sized steel reinforcement cage is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
checking and confirming a hanging point of the reinforcement cage; the steel reinforcement cage is axially provided with a plurality of stiffening rings, the lifting points comprise four upper lifting points and two lower lifting points, the upper lifting points are positioned on one stiffening ring at the uppermost end of the steel reinforcement cage, and the lower lifting points are positioned on two stiffening rings at the lowermost end of the steel reinforcement cage; the connecting line of the two lower hanging points is parallel to the axial direction;
lifting the reinforcement cage; lifting the reinforcement cage by adopting a lifting appliance to cooperate with a first crawler crane and a second crawler crane, wherein the upper end of the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting hook of the first crawler crane, the lower end of the lifting appliance is connected with the upper lifting point, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is connected with the lower lifting point; the lifting hook of the first crawler crane is kept motionless, the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is gradually lowered, when the angle between the reinforcement cage and the horizontal plane is close to 70 degrees, the lifting part of the first crawler crane is high, so that the steel wire rope of the second crawler crane is loosened, the load of the reinforcement cage is completely transferred to the first crawler crane until the reinforcement cage is vertical, and the lifting hook of the second crawler crane is removed after the reinforcement cage is completely stressed by the first crawler crane; the first crawler crane translates the reinforcement cage to be right above the steel casing hole; the lifting capacity of the first crawler crane is larger than that of the second crawler crane, and the lifting capacity of the second crawler crane is at least 150t;
carrying out vertical positioning and plane positioning on the reinforcement cage;
and lowering the reinforcement cage into the steel casing hole.
2. The offshore large-scale reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein a sling between the sling and the lifting hook of the first crawler crane adopts a non-joint rope loop with the diameter of 66mm, and a sling between the sling and the upper lifting point adopts a pressed steel wire rope rigging with the diameter of 46 mm.
3. The offshore large-scale reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method according to claim 2, wherein the lifting appliance is square and rated load is 180t.
4. The marine large-scale reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method according to claim 3, wherein the number of the endless rope loops is four, the lower ends of the endless rope loops are respectively connected with four vertexes of the upper surface of the lifting appliance, and the length of the endless rope loops is at least 6m.
5. The marine large-scale steel reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method according to claim 4, wherein the number of the pressing steel wire ropes is four, and the upper ends of the pressing steel wire ropes are respectively connected with the midpoints of four sides of the lower surface of the lifting appliance; each group of the pressing steel wire rope comprises an upper half part and a lower half part which are connected through a single-wheel opening pulley, the length of the pressing steel wire rope of the upper half part is at least 3m, and the length of the pressing steel wire rope of the lower half part is at least 13m; the lower end of the pressing steel wire rope sling of the lower half part is connected with 2 bow shackles of 25t, and the bow shackles are used for being connected with the upper hanging point.
6. The offshore large-scale reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein four upper hoisting points are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the reinforcement cage at intervals, and the projection of the lower hoisting point in the plane of the upper hoisting point is positioned in the middle of two adjacent upper hoisting points in the circumferential direction.
7. The offshore large-scale reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the construction method is used for hoisting reinforcement cages at a first pier position, a second pier position and a third pier position, and the distances between the first pier position, the second pier position and the third pier position and a shore are gradually increased; the steel reinforcement cage at the first pier position is one section, the steel reinforcement cage at the second pier position is divided into two sections for transportation and hoisting, and the steel reinforcement cage at the third pier position is divided into three sections for transportation and hoisting; for the steel reinforcement cage of second mound position and third mound position department, with the former section steel reinforcement cage place down to behind the steel casing hole, the former section steel reinforcement cage is hung through the suspension ring in the steel casing hole, after lifting by crane the latter section steel reinforcement cage, make the latter section steel reinforcement cage and the former section steel reinforcement cage dock, carry out vertical location and plane location to the latter section steel reinforcement cage again, with the latter section steel reinforcement cage place down in the steel casing hole.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step of abutting the next section of reinforcement cage against the previous section of reinforcement cage, the next section of reinforcement cage is lifted to a position right above the previous section of reinforcement cage by the first crawler crane, the gap between the two sections of reinforcement cage is adjusted, and the two sections of reinforcement cage are abutted; the main reinforcement of two sections of reinforcement cages is lengthened by adopting a sleeve straight thread connection mode, and the rest reinforcement is welded or bound.
9. The method for turning over and hoisting the large-scale marine steel reinforcement cage according to claim 8, wherein the two main reinforcements butted in the step of butting are two main reinforcements butted together in prefabrication; when the main bars of the two sections of reinforcement cages are in butt joint, the gap between the two wire heads of the same joint is smaller than or equal to 1mm; when the gap is larger than 1mm, the two main ribs are pulled by the chain hoist.
10. The marine large-scale reinforcement cage turning and hoisting construction method according to claim 7, wherein the suspension ring comprises a clamping plate and a supporting ring, the supporting ring comprises two semicircular rings connected through bolts, and the clamping plate can be drawn back and forth in the supporting ring; the suspension ring is arranged on the top surface of the orifice drilling platform, and the previous section of reinforcement cage which is lowered into the steel casing hole is supported on the suspension ring through the reinforcing plate.
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