CN1176982C - Process for preparing bentonite-high-molecular material composition - Google Patents
Process for preparing bentonite-high-molecular material compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CN1176982C CN1176982C CNB021150826A CN02115082A CN1176982C CN 1176982 C CN1176982 C CN 1176982C CN B021150826 A CNB021150826 A CN B021150826A CN 02115082 A CN02115082 A CN 02115082A CN 1176982 C CN1176982 C CN 1176982C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- bentonite
- montmorillonite
- composite material
- substance
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention belongs to a modification technology of a mineral substance for agricultural use. A bentonite-polymer composite material is prepared by adding a water soluble polymer substance into bentonite. The interlamellar spacing of montmorillonite as a main component of the bentonite is enlarged owing to the addition of the water soluble polymer substance into the composite material, and the action of large surface area of the montmorillonite is fully exerted to greatly improve the water absorption performance of the composite material. Due to the adoption of a gel solid-phase reaction in the preparation process, the reaction is completed under the condition of a low water content, and the present invention has the advantages of water evaporation reduction in the drying process, energy source saving and low preparation cost. Compared with the original mineral substance for agricultural use, the prepared and obtained product has the advantages of combination performance improvement, and popularization of utilization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of modification technology of agricultural mineral matter, especially the preparation of alta-mud modification material.
Background technology
Because people are to the growing interest of environmental problem, taking a lot of measures aspect, the pollution that causes that prevents erosion, prevents to apply fertilizer fertile in water saving, joint, agronomic measures is one of effective measures in many measures.In agronomic measures, using slow-release fertilizer is a kind of effective measure of saving fertilizer, reducing fertilizer pollution, and using water-holding agent is water saving, the effective measure that prevent erosion.At present the kind of slow-release fertilizer, water-holding agent is more, and some kind technology maturation, respond well, but because cost is higher, big area is promoted and still had big difficulty, can only be in gardens, the occasion of nursery and some special requirements uses.Tradition agricultural mineral such as wilkinite, zeolite, sepiolite etc. also have certain preserve moisture and fertility function, and China's reserves are big, and aboundresources is cheap, if further improve its water-absorbent and ion-exchange performance, then has more wide application prospect.Wilkinite is to be the tonstein of essential mineral composition with the montmorillonite, it can make fodder additives, soil improvement agent, fertilizer additive etc., but since the suction of calcium-base bentonite relative with ion-exchange performance a little less than, effect as soil improvement agent or fertilizer additive is undesirable, applies being restricted.The sodium of calcium-base bentonite can improve its water-absorbent, but has improved its saline alkali simultaneously, is not suitable in the medium-term and long-term use of soil.Therefore, improve the aim that its water-absorbent is research by alta-mud modification.
Summary of the invention
It is strong that the object of the invention provides a kind of water-absorbent, bentonite-high-molecular material with water-fertilizer conditioning function, it is water soluble high molecular modified alta-mud, montmorillonite layer spacing as the mineral major ingredient is strengthened, give full play to the effect of montmorillonite huge surface area, improve the bentonitic performance of mineral; And adopt gel-solid state reaction, and be reflected under the situation of less moisture and finish, reduce the water evaporation quantity in the drying process, save the energy; The price of enhancing product performance ratio is convenient to promote the use of.
Task of the present invention is achieved in that water is added in the water-soluble high-molecular substance, makes the water-soluble high-molecular substance suction become gel, adds wilkinite in gel, and is mixing to mixture roll banding not with twin-screw extruder behind the mix.Mixing product is dried water content＜5%, be bentonite-high-molecular material composition below being crushed to granularity 20 orders.Above-mentioned said twin-screw extruder is a plastic processing machinery, and without heating unit, two roller spacings transfer to about 0.5mm.Wilkinite is 100: 10～20: 1～8 with water with water-soluble high-molecular substance mixing quality ratio.Above-mentioned said bentonitic specific requirement is: smectite content 〉=50%, and below granularity 100 orders, moisture content≤12%, its effect is the matrix as intercalation composite material.Above-mentioned water-soluble high-molecular substance is meant polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyoxyethylene, sodium polyacrylate, crust amine substance and composition thereof, and its effect is the insertion body as intercalation composite material.
Specify: bentonitic essential mineral composition is a montmorillonite, and less important mineral comprise clay mineral and non-clay minerals such as zeolite, cristobalite such as illite, chlorite and kaolinite.Montmorillonite belongs to 2: 1 type lamellar aluminosilicates, forms the scale structure unit layer by two-layer silicon-oxy tetrahedron folder layer of aluminum oxygen octahedra.The molecular structure of montmorillonite makes it have high specific surface area and surface energy, some positively charged ion, polar molecule is had effects such as stronger absorption, bridging, complexing.Water-soluble high score material is the strong macromolecular material of a class wetting ability, can dissolving in water or swelling and form solution or dispersion liquid.If with the partial cross-linked water-retaining agent for preparing of water-soluble polymer, in agricultural application, be called water-holding agent.After the present invention made water-soluble polymer enter between montmorillonite layer with the method for gel-solid state reaction, surface action between water-soluble polymer and montmorillonite layer made water-soluble polymer have the performance of similar portions cross-linking products, thereby the water-absorbent of matrix material strengthens.
Be experimental result below: with wilkinite, light gray, smectite content be 60% with molecular weight be 300～6,000,000 polyacrylamides and water by 30: 1: 5 mixed, mixingly on twin-screw extruder become fragile to product, not roll banding.Sample in 105 ℃ of oven dry 3h, is ground to 20 orders and promptly gets dry-eye disease.
The mensuration of water absorbing properties: take by weighing the 2.00g dry-eye disease and put into the Nylon Bag made from 300 order nylon wires, seal with plastic sealing machine, immersion fills in the beaker of tap water.Sample fully absorbs water behind the 24h, takes out Nylon Bag and sample wherein, drains 10min and does not drip to having, and weighs, and calculates water-intake rate by water regain and dry-eye disease amount.Because twin-screw extruder can provide great shear forces, can not only make the mixture uniform mixing, and to the wilkinite effect of delaminating, and causing temperature to rise, polymer is entered promoter action between bentonite bed.For showing mixing effect, after beginning is mixing 5,10, sample thief during 15min, and the surface temperature of the sheet sample of extruding by rubber mixing machine with hand-held laser thermodetector mensuration.The sheet sample drying, weigh calculation sample water content (wet basis).Sample mill after the oven dry is surveyed water-absorbent after being broken to 20 orders.Result such as table 1.
Mixing time/min surface temperature/℃ water ratio/% water regain/g water-intake rate/%
Contrast--3.50 175
5 25 21.04 4.60 230
10 50 19.45 4.94 247
15 69 11.69 6.71 330
Table 1
Experimental result from table 1 shows through mixing processing increases the sample water regain, and particularly the sample water regain of 15min processing significantly increases.If deducting the water regain of bentonitic water regain in the total suction as polymer substance, again with the ratio of this water regain and polymer substance add-on as the suction multiple, then 5,10, the suction multiple of 15min sample correspondence is respectively 18.7,24.0,51.4 times.Clearly, what raw material obtained after mixing is not simple mixed effect, but has formed new matrix material.Wilkinite has stronger preserve moisture and fertility ability, and along with the reinforcement of matrix material water retention capacity, fertilizer-preserving ability also can correspondingly strengthen, and has the potentiality as the liquid manure controlled-release material.
Montmorillonite is the lamellar aluminosilicate mineral, claims that usually its spacing d001 is an interlamellar spacing.Can reflect intuitively by the powder X-ray ray d001 value that obtains of spreading out whether macromolecular compound enters interlayer, or have how much enter interlayer.Bentonite material with oven dry is contrast, result such as table 2.After adding macromolecular material in the wilkinite, interlamellar spacing enlarges markedly.Mixing time increases to 10min by 5min, increases to 15min again, and interlamellar spacing all increases about 0.06nm.
Mixing time/min contrasts 5 10 15
d
001/nm 1.2001 1.4244 1.4867 1.5492
Table 2
Because above-mentioned effect improves the over-all properties of matrix material, product has the high ratio of performance to price, can be used as that agricultural water-fertilizer conditioning material is directly used or uses as the additive of controlled release fertilizer.
Advantage: (1) compares the water-absorbent raising with former wilkinite, the water-fertilizer conditioning ability is strengthened.(2) owing to water consumption in the reaction process is few, evaporate most of moisture in the course of processing again, postorder needs moisture evaporated few in handling, save energy.(3) because the over-all properties of matrix material improves, have higher performance, be convenient to promote.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the water that adds 160 grams in the sodium polyacrylate of 40 grams, after treating that sodium polyacrylate sucks water formation gel, add 1000 gram wilkinites, the companion closes evenly, use the mixing 15min of twin-screw extruder again, product at 105 ℃ of oven dry 3h, is crushed to 20 orders and is bentonite-high-molecular material composition.Wherein wilkinite contains montmorillonite 80%, moisture content 10%, granularity 120 orders; Sodium polyacrylate molecular weight 300～6,000,000.
Embodiment 2: the water that adds 150 grams in the polyacrylamide of 30 grams, after treating that polyacrylamide sucks water formation gel, add 1000 gram wilkinites, the companion closes evenly, use the mixing 15min of twin-screw extruder again, product at 105 ℃ of oven dry 3h, is crushed to 20 orders and is bentonite-high-molecular material composition.Wherein wilkinite contains montmorillonite 60%, moisture content 10%, granularity 120 orders; Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide 300～6,000,000.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of bentonite-high-molecular material composition, comprise water is added in the water-soluble high-molecular substance, make the water-soluble high-molecular substance suction form gel, after in gel, adding the wilkinite mix, it is characterized in that with twin-screw extruder mixing to mixture roll banding not, mixing thing is dried water content＜5%, be product below being crushed to granularity 20 orders; Wilkinite and water are 100: 10～20: 1～8 with the mixing quality ratio of water-soluble high-molecular substance; Said water-soluble high-molecular substance is polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021150826A CN1176982C (en) | 2002-04-17 | 2002-04-17 | Process for preparing bentonite-high-molecular material composition |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021150826A CN1176982C (en) | 2002-04-17 | 2002-04-17 | Process for preparing bentonite-high-molecular material composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1397585A CN1397585A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| CN1176982C true CN1176982C (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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| CNB021150826A Expired - Fee Related CN1176982C (en) | 2002-04-17 | 2002-04-17 | Process for preparing bentonite-high-molecular material composition |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102518151A (en) * | 2011-11-26 | 2012-06-27 | 东南大学 | Soil engineering gasket suitable for environment containing multivalent cation mineral and preparation method thereof |
| CN103897704B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-05-20 | 郑州帝益肥业生态保护工程股份有限公司 | Water-retention soil-loosening soil conditioning agent and preparation method |
| CN103964976A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 云南云叶化肥股份有限公司 | Loss-control fertilizer additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN111013552B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-29 | 中南大学 | Clay-based composite material for storing ozone |
| CN112608078A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-06 | 深圳景源达建设集团有限公司 | Adhesive for wall tiling, preparation method thereof and wall tiling method adopting adhesive |
| CN112831103A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-25 | 华北电力大学 | Nanocomposite material, preparation method and application thereof |
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