CN117694884A - Optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 210000001147 pulmonary artery Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000004351 coronary vessel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
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- INGWEZCOABYORO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(furan-2-yl)-7-methyl-1h-1,8-naphthyridin-4-one Chemical compound N=1C2=NC(C)=CC=C2C(O)=CC=1C1=CC=CO1 INGWEZCOABYORO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010064719 Oxyhemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 108010002255 deoxyhemoglobin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
- A61B5/14552—Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/1459—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
- A61B2562/0238—Optical sensor arrangements for performing transmission measurements on body tissue
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Abstract
The invention provides a pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method and device based on optical fiber sensing, comprising the following steps: step one, an optical fiber provided with a tail end optical ring coupler is sent into a body from an air passage; step two, a signal is sent to an optical modulator at the initial end of the optical fiber through a computing unit, the optical modulator drives the optical fiber to emit light, and the tail end of the optical fiber is made to be an annular light beam through a light ring coupler; arranging a PD array receiver at a corresponding position between the outside of a human body and the optical ring coupler, receiving a transmission light source signal sent by the optical ring coupler by the PD array receiver in a transmission mode, and integrally listing a waveform chart, wherein the PD array receiver is electrically connected with a computing unit; and step four, calculating the oxygen saturation value. The invention realizes the monitoring of main arteries and veins in a human body and realizes the purpose of noninvasive monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing. The invention also relates to a monitoring device for monitoring the blood oxygen saturation in real time by adopting the pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method based on the optical fiber sensing.
Background
Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO) 2 ) The average value of the oxygen saturation of the mixed venous blood from the whole body perfused blood vessel is not used for reflecting the perfusion state of a certain organ, but reflecting the balance state of the whole body oxygen supply and oxygen demand, and can be used for judging the oxygenation state of the tissue.
Currently, the common monitoring indexes of ICU include electrocardiogram, pulse rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse oximetry (SpO) 2 ) The most basic characteristics of ICU monitoring treatment, namely the interrelationship among organs and the interaction among various treatment measures are focused on from the point of the integrity of patients, can not be well reflected by the items such as body temperature, urine volume, central venous pressure and the like although the items are not few. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the overall disease condition earlier by the above-mentioned indexes, and to coordinate the therapeutic measures better. The oxygen metabolism theory in the prior art proposes that oxygen is used as a sensitive monitoring index to quantitatively monitor the change of the whole illness state and the treatment effect, so that the understanding degree of the illness state and the treatment accuracy are greatly improved.
For hypoxia monitoring, the existing clinical practice tends to first contemplate the partial pressure of arterial blood oxygen (PaO 2 ) And oxygen saturation (SaO) 2 ) Even PaO 2 、SaO 2 Normally, tissue is not necessarily hypoxic, as hypoxia is also affected by many factors, such as Cardiac Output (CO), tissue perfusion, hemoglobin content, tissue oxygen uptake rate, tissue oxygen consumption, tissue oxygen demand, oxygen dissociation status, cellular oxygen availability, and the like. The above factors cannot be detected clinically one by one, but they are detected by the mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO 2 ) The index can detect the final result of the combined action of the factors to a large extent, namely, the index can reflect the overall oxygenation condition of the whole body tissue. Thus, svO 2 Monitoring is of great importance for the care and treatment of critical patients.
The current methods for clinically collecting the oxygen saturation of the mixed venous blood are invasive methods, and most of the methods are used for measuring by taking blood through a floating catheter and then analyzing blood and gas, so that the defects of large collection risk and discontinuous collection data are overcome.
In the prior art, CN116849650 a discloses a pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device with optical fiber sensing, and adopts a mode that an optical fiber is matched with a floating catheter to be sent into a pulmonary artery for measurement, so that a continuous monitoring mode is solved, but because an optical fiber is required to be inserted into the pulmonary artery, the artery is easily damaged, and the device belongs to a invasive measurement mode. In addition, CN101536910a in the prior patent discloses a blood oxygen content sensor of an all-fiber optical path, which is performed by adopting an airway fiber diffuse reflection measurement method, and a part of optical fiber touch sensors are implanted into arteries in a body, so that the injury to a human body cannot be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation by optical fiber sensing, so as to realize monitoring of blood oxygen saturation by transmission, and solve the problems of high risk of invasive measurement and incapability of continuous monitoring.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing comprises the following steps:
step one, an optical fiber with a tail end optical ring coupler is sent into a body from an air passage, the position of the optical ring coupler sent into the body is obtained according to the position mark on the optical fiber at the oral cavity, and the position of the optical ring coupler is positioned at the central vein, the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery;
step two, a signal is sent to an optical modulator at the beginning end of the optical fiber through a computing unit, the optical modulator drives the optical fiber to emit light, and the tail end of the optical fiber is made to be an annular light beam through a light ring coupler;
deducing the position of the light ring coupler according to the position mark in the first step, arranging a PD array receiver at the corresponding position between the outside of a human body and the light ring coupler, receiving a transmission light source signal sent by the light ring coupler by the PD array receiver in a transmission mode, and arraying a waveform chart, wherein the PD array receiver is electrically connected with the computing unit;
step four, taking the optical path with the strongest signal intensity, and obtaining the optical path according to the reduced hemoglobin (Hb) and the oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) 2 ) And the calculating unit calculates the blood oxygen saturation value according to the pulse waveform characteristic points obtained by the light path for the difference of light absorption of different wave bands.
Further, in the third step, the PD array receiver includes a plurality of monomers arranged in rows and/or in columns at intervals, and each monomer is stuck to the skin outside the human body in a rectangular array form.
Furthermore, the fourth step further comprises the step of obtaining waveforms of different light paths by adopting a time domain feature extraction algorithm through the tracing waveforms of different light paths at the whole row of the PD array receiver, and distinguishing electric signals of the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery according to the waveforms of the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery.
Further, the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery were judged based on the rise time of the different waveforms, the rise time of the waveform of the coronary artery was 0.1 seconds, and the rise time of the waveform of the pulmonary artery was 0.3 seconds.
Further, in the fourth step, the calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation value is:
SvO 2 ＝A*R 2 +B*R+C；
the pulse waveform characteristic points of the light path are a peak value Imax lambda 1, a valley value Imin lambda 1 and a peak value Imax lambda 2, a valley value Imin lambda 2, a and B, C of the pulse waveform obtained under red light irradiation and the pulse waveform obtained under infrared light irradiation, and the values are obtained through calibration by a control method of used measuring hardware and software and are brought into the above method to calculate the blood oxygen saturation value of the measured artery.
Further, in the third step, according to Lambert-Beer law, the PD array receiver receives the reflected light source signals sent by the optical ring coupler, and respectively lists the oscillograms of the central vein, the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery;
obtaining a oscillogram by obtaining absorbance values with fluctuation of different light paths according to the following formula;
D＝εcd
wherein D is absorbance, epsilon is molar absorptivity, c is solution concentration, and D is optical path length.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the optical fiber with the optical fiber coupler is sent into the airway, the position of the optical fiber coupler sent into the body is determined according to the position mark of the optical fiber, the PD array receiver is arranged at the corresponding position of the external optical fiber coupler, the optical fiber in the airway is used for emitting the light in the annular shape, the PD array receiver is used for enabling the annular light to irradiate the waveform diagrams of different light paths obtained by the projection of central veins, coronary arteries and pulmonary arteries through the perspective principle, and the numerical value of the blood oxygen saturation in the light path is obtained according to the calculation of a computer, so that the main arteries and veins in a human body are monitored, and the purpose of noninvasive monitoring is realized.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device, which includes a light source system, an optical fiber system, a receiving system and a computer;
the light source system comprises a light modulation unit connected with the computer, and the output end of the light modulation unit is connected with the optical fiber system;
the optical fiber system comprises an optical fiber, a first coupler and the optical ring coupler, wherein the first coupler is arranged between the optical fiber and the output end of the driving circuit and is electrically connected with the optical fiber;
the receiving system comprises the PD array receiver and an amplifier connected between the PD array receiver and the computer;
the computer comprises a power supply module, a MUC calculation processing module and a display module.
Further, the optical ring coupler and the optical fiber are sent into the body through an endotracheal tube, the endotracheal tube comprises a main tube, an inflation connecting tube communicated with the main tube, and the optical fiber penetrates from the inflation connecting tube to the main tube.
Further, the optical ring coupler comprises a conical reflector connected to the optical fiber, and a second coupler for collecting the electrical signal of the conical reflector.
According to the optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device, an optical fiber system is inserted into an air passage, a light source electric signal is obtained through the action of a first coupler and a light ring coupler, the light source signal is obtained through a PD array receiver arranged outside the body, a waveform chart is listed, and the blood oxygen saturation value of each vein and each artery is obtained through a transmission principle, so that the purpose of noninvasively measuring the blood oxygen saturation of the pulmonary artery is achieved.
And the second coupler and the conical reflecting mirror are arranged, so that the optical path of the optical fiber can be reflected into annular light, the accuracy of the second coupler in the in-vivo position is improved, the performance of the PD array receiver for receiving signals is improved, and the accurate blood oxygen saturation value is obtained.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation by optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a spectral absorption diagram of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device for monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation by optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection structure of an optical fiber, an optical ring coupler and an endotracheal tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of data collected by the optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention at the elbow 5cm thickness;
fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of data collected by the optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention at a thickness of 3cm around the wrist.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a light modulation unit; 2. an optical fiber; 3. a first coupler; 4. an optical ring coupler; 5. a PD array receiver; 6. a computer; 7. an amplifier; 8. an endotracheal tube;
401. a conical mirror;
801. an air bag; 802. an inflation connecting pipe; 803. and a main pipe.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "back", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected," are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise specifically defined. For example, the connection can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrated connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in combination with specific cases.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing comprises the following steps:
step one, an optical fiber 2 provided with a tail end optical ring coupler 4 is sent into a body from an air passage, the position of the optical ring coupler 4 sent into the body is obtained according to the position mark on the optical fiber 2 at the oral cavity, and the position of the optical ring coupler 4 is positioned at the central vein, the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery;
step two, a signal is sent to an optical modulator at the beginning end of the optical fiber 2 through a computing unit, the optical modulator drives the optical fiber 2 to emit light, and the tail end of the optical fiber 2 is made to be an annular light beam through a light ring coupler 4;
step three, deducing the position of the light ring coupler 4 according to the position mark in the step one, arranging a PD array receiver 5 at the corresponding position between the outside of the human body and the light ring coupler 4, wherein the PD array receiver 5 receives a transmission light source signal sent by the light ring coupler 4 in a transmission mode, and lists out a waveform chart, and the PD array receiver 5 is connected with a calculation unit in an electric signal mode;
and step four, taking an optical path with the strongest signal intensity, and calculating a bleeding oxygen saturation value according to pulse waveform characteristic points obtained by the optical path by a calculation unit according to the difference of light absorption of the reduced hemoglobin (Hb) and the oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO 2) on different wave bands.
Of course, the initial blood oxygen threshold value can also be set in the calculation unit in application, the blood oxygen saturation value obtained in the fourth step is compared with the initial blood oxygen threshold value, if the blood oxygen saturation value exceeds the initial blood oxygen threshold value, the alarm is given, and if the blood oxygen saturation value is smaller than the initial blood oxygen threshold value, the monitoring is continued.
According to the optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method, the optical fiber 2 with the optical ring coupler 4 is sent into the airway, the position of the optical ring coupler 4 sent into the body is determined according to the position mark of the optical fiber 2, the PD array receiver 5 is arranged at the corresponding position of the optical ring coupler 4 outside the body, the optical fiber 2 in the airway is used for emitting light in an annular arrangement, the PD array receiver 5 is used for enabling the annular light to irradiate the waveform diagrams of different optical paths obtained by the projection of central veins, coronary arteries and pulmonary arteries through the perspective principle, and the blood oxygen saturation value in the optical path is obtained according to the calculation of the computer 6, so that the main arteries and veins in a human body are monitored, and the purpose of noninvasive monitoring is achieved.
Preferably, in the third step, the PD array receiver 5 includes a plurality of monomers arranged in rows and/or in columns at intervals, and each monomer is adhered to the skin outside the human body in a rectangular array form.
Further, before the step of calculating the oxygen saturation value, the step further includes the step of obtaining waveforms of different light paths by using a time domain feature extraction algorithm through the tracing waveforms of different light paths at the whole row of the PD array receiver 5, and distinguishing the electrical signals belonging to the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery according to the coronary artery waveform and the pulmonary artery waveform.
In addition, considering that pulmonary arteries are interwoven with coronary arteries and central veins, the problem that signals can not be accurately judged to distinguish different arteries can not be achieved. As shown in fig. 2, a waveform diagram is obtained from a real-time signal trace of absorbance, time domain features are used to obtain time of vasodilation, and coronary and pulmonary waveforms are distinguished according to the difference in time.
As described above, the time domain feature of the present embodiment is to determine the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery according to the rise time of different waveforms, and the right ventricle contraction time is generally 0.3 seconds because the pulmonary artery fluctuation is caused by the right ventricle. Coronary fluctuation is caused by the left ventricle, which contracts for a time of typically 0.1 seconds. Therefore, the waveform rise time of the coronary artery was 0.1 seconds, and the waveform rise time of the pulmonary artery was 0.3 seconds. According to the pressure curve graphs of the pulmonary artery and the coronary artery, the time difference of different arteries is obtained, and waveform signals belonging to the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery can be accurately judged.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in step three, according to Lambert-Beer law, the PD array receiver 5 receives the reflected light source signals from the optical ring coupler 4, and sets up the oscillograms at the central vein, coronary artery and pulmonary artery, respectively;
obtaining absorbance values of different light paths according to the following formula to obtain a oscillogram;
D＝εcd
wherein D is absorbance, epsilon is molar absorptivity, c is solution concentration, and D is optical path length.
As can be seen from the above equation, d in the present embodiment is the distance between the light emission source of the body tissue and the PD array receiver 5 during the test, and the absorbance is only affected by the systolic and diastolic changes of the blood light since the distance therebetween does not change. As shown in fig. 2, a oscillometric waveform is obtained from the change in the value of absorbance, and the embodiment employs waveform values in the range of 660nm to 905 nm.
Further, in the fourth step, the calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation value is:
SvO2＝A*R2+B*R+C；
the pulse waveform characteristic points of the light path are a peak value Imax lambda 1, a valley value Imin lambda 1 and a peak value Imax lambda 2 of the pulse waveform obtained under the irradiation of red light and a valley value Imin lambda 2, A and B, C of the pulse waveform obtained under the irradiation of infrared light, and the pulse waveform characteristic points are obtained through calibration by a control method of used measuring hardware and software, and can be brought into the above method to calculate the bleeding oxygen saturation value.
As a specific embodiment of the above monitoring, the value of the blood oxygen saturation at this point is 98 by fitting A with a value of-45.060, B with a value of 30.354, and C with a value of 94.845.
The embodiment also relates to a pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device with optical fiber sensing, as shown in fig. 3, which comprises a light source system, an optical fiber system, a receiving system and a computer 6. The light source system comprises a light modulation unit 1 connected with a computer 6, and the output end of the light modulation unit 1 is connected with an optical fiber system.
The optical fiber system comprises an optical fiber 2, a first coupler 3 arranged between the optical fiber 2 and the output end of the driving circuit, and a light ring coupler 4 arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber 2. The receiving system comprises a PD array receiver 5, and an amplifier 7 connected between the PD array receiver 5 and a computer 6. The computer 6 includes a power module, a MUC calculation processing module, and a display module. An amplifier 7, that is, a photoelectric conversion amplifying circuit is further provided between the PD array receiver 5 and the computer 6, and the detection range is matched with the current adjustment range of the light modulation unit 1 to the light source.
In addition, the light modulation unit 1 comprises a controllable constant current source and a mos tube for frequency adjustment, has a current adjustment function, and sequentially adjusts the intensity of infrared light source light emission.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the optical ring coupler 4 and the optical fiber 2 are fed into the body through the endotracheal tube 8, the endotracheal tube 8 includes a main tube 803, an inflation connection tube 802 communicating with the main tube 803, and the optical fiber 2 penetrates from the inflation connection tube 802 to the main tube 803. The optical ring coupler 4 comprises a conical mirror 401 connected to the optical fiber 2 and a second coupler for collecting the electrical signal of the conical mirror 401. The first coupler 3 and the second coupler are both photoelectric couplers in the prior art, wherein the second coupler is arranged on the conical reflector 401 and pushed into the inner wall of the balloon 801 of the inflation connecting tube 802 along with the pushing of the optical fiber 2. The conical mirror 401 of this embodiment may employ the prior art and will not be discussed here.
According to the optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device, an optical fiber system is inserted into an airway, a light source electric signal is obtained through the action of the first coupler 3 and the optical ring coupler 4, the light source signal is obtained through the PD array receiver 5 arranged outside the body, a waveform chart is listed, blood oxygen saturation values of veins and arteries are obtained through the transmission principle, and the purpose of noninvasively measuring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation is achieved.
And by arranging the second coupler and the conical reflecting mirror 401, the optical path of the optical fiber 2 can be reflected into annular light, so that the accuracy of the second coupler in-vivo position is improved, the performance of the PD array receiver 5 for receiving signals is improved, and the accurate blood oxygen saturation value is obtained.
Example two
The present embodiment relates to a monitoring method using the optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device in the first embodiment, and the monitoring test is performed on the wrist (3 cm thickness) and elbow (5 cm) of the same simulation subject. A light source is placed at one side of the test method. And the other side is provided with a receiver, and the data acquisition is carried out by a general transmission method.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in order to determine whether the blood oxygen saturation level changes when monitoring at different thickness positions of the human body, the experimental result is that the optical signals collected under different distance conditions attenuate along with the thickness, that is, the absorbance changes obviously, the pulse waveform is still clear, and the blood oxygen saturation calculation result is not different. Therefore, from the above test, it is clear that the result of the monitoring method of the pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device by the optical fiber sensing does not change due to the difference of the transmission thickness.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, an optical fiber (2) provided with a tail end optical ring coupler (4) is sent into a body from an air passage, the position of the optical ring coupler (4) sent into the body is obtained according to the position mark on the optical fiber (2) at the oral cavity, and the position of the optical ring coupler (4) is positioned at the central vein, the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery;
step two, a signal is sent to an optical modulator at the beginning end of the optical fiber (2) through a computing unit, the optical modulator drives the optical fiber (2) to emit light, and the tail end of the optical fiber (2) is made to be an annular light beam through a light ring coupler (4);
step three, deducing the position of the light ring coupler (4) according to the position mark in the step one, arranging a PD array receiver (5) at the corresponding position between the outside of a human body and the light ring coupler (4), receiving a transmission light source signal sent by the light ring coupler (4) by the PD array receiver (5) in a transmission mode, and integrally listing a waveform chart, wherein the PD array receiver (5) is electrically connected with the computing unit;
and step four, taking an optical path with the strongest signal intensity, and calculating a bleeding oxygen saturation value according to pulse waveform characteristic points obtained by the optical path according to the difference of light absorption of the reduced hemoglobin (Hb) and the oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO 2) on different wave bands.
2. The method for monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation by optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, wherein:
in the third step, the PD array receiver (5) includes a plurality of monomers arranged in rows and/or in columns at intervals, and each monomer is stuck to the skin outside the human body in a rectangular array form.
3. The method for monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation by optical fiber sensing according to claim 2, wherein:
and step four, the method further comprises the step of obtaining waveforms of different light paths by adopting a time domain feature extraction algorithm through the tracing waveforms of different light paths at the whole row of the PD array receiver (5), and distinguishing electric signals belonging to coronary arteries and pulmonary arteries according to the waveforms of the coronary arteries and the waveforms of the pulmonary arteries.
4. A method of monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation with fiber optic sensing according to claim 3, wherein:
and judging the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery according to the rising time of different waveforms, wherein the waveform rising time of the coronary artery is 0.1 second, and the waveform rising time of the pulmonary artery is 0.3 second.
5. A method of monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation with fiber optic sensing according to claim 3, wherein:
in the fourth step, the calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation value is as follows:
SvO2＝A*R2+B*R+C；
the pulse waveform characteristic points of the light path are a peak value Imax lambda 1, a valley value Imin lambda 1 and a peak value Imax lambda 2 of the pulse waveform obtained under the irradiation of red light and a valley value Imin lambda 2, A and B, C of the pulse waveform obtained under the irradiation of infrared light, and the pulse waveform characteristic points are obtained through calibration by using a control method of measuring hardware and software, and are brought into the above-mentioned method to calculate the blood oxygen saturation value of the measured artery.
6. A method of monitoring pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation with fiber optic sensing according to claim 3, wherein:
in the third step, according to Lambert-Beer law, a PD array receiver (5) receives reflected light source signals sent by the optical ring coupler (4) and respectively lists the oscillograms of the central vein, the coronary artery and the pulmonary artery;
obtaining a oscillogram by obtaining absorbance values with fluctuation of different light paths according to the following formula;
D)＝＝ecd
wherein D is absorbance, epsilon is molar absorptivity, c is solution concentration, and D is optical path length.
7. The utility model provides a pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring devices of optic fibre sensing which characterized in that:
comprises a light source system, an optical fiber system, a receiving system and a computer (6);
the light source system comprises a light modulation unit (1) connected with the computer (6), and the output end of the light modulation unit (1) is connected with the optical fiber system;
the optical fiber system comprises an optical fiber (2), a first coupler (3) and an optical ring coupler (4), wherein the first coupler (3) is electrically connected between the optical fiber (2) and the output end of the driving circuit, and the optical ring coupler (4) is arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber (2);
the receiving system comprises the PD array receiver (5), and an amplifier (7) connected between the PD array receiver (5) and the computer (6);
the computer (6) comprises a power supply module, a MUC calculation processing module and a display module.
8. The optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device of claim 7, wherein:
the optical ring coupler (4) and the optical fiber (2) are sent into a body through an endotracheal tube (8), the endotracheal tube (8) comprises a main tube (803), an inflation connecting tube (802) communicated with the main tube (803), and the optical fiber (2) penetrates from the inflation connecting tube (802) to the main tube (803).
9. The optical fiber sensing pulmonary artery blood oxygen saturation monitoring device of claim 7, wherein:
the optical ring coupler (4) comprises a conical mirror (401) connected to the optical fiber (2), and a second coupler for collecting the electrical signal of the conical mirror (401).
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