CN117687082A - Interlayer multiple wave suppression method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Interlayer multiple wave suppression method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses an interlayer multiple wave pressing method, an interlayer multiple wave pressing device, a storage medium and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: preprocessing the acquired original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data; converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center point gather data; performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain transformed data; performing background medium velocity migration on the transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain; carrying out interlayer multiple prediction through a preset prediction model according to the determined vertical wave number of the central point to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data; performing two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple; and carrying out interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple. Complete data driving and no known underground speed model are needed, and the interlayer multiple wave can be effectively suppressed.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of geophysical prospecting, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for suppressing multiple waves between layers, a storage medium, and an electronic device.
Background
Under the current technology, in the marine and land seismic exploration, due to the existence of the submarine and underground strong reflection interfaces, the seismic waves are reflected between the submarine and the strong reflection interfaces for multiple times to form interlayer multiple waves, the interlayer multiple waves and the primary reflection waves are mutually overlapped and interfered, the resolution ratio of the seismic data is seriously reduced, the difficulty of identifying effective waves is increased, and the seismic imaging quality and the authenticity and reliability of seismic interpretation are influenced.
The attenuation or elimination of the interbed multiples is thus also an important element in seismic data processing. In order to eliminate the interference of multiple waves between layers and improve the data resolution, two types of multiple wave suppression methods are proposed by the geophysical prospecting field: the first type is a filtering method based on characteristic difference between primary waves and multiple waves; the other is predictive subtraction based on wave theory. The filtering method comprises a prediction deconvolution method, an f-k filtering method, a Radon transformation method, a beam-focusing filtering method and the like, and when the assumption condition is better met, the filtering method can effectively attenuate or eliminate multiple waves, and is small in calculated amount, easy to realize and high in efficiency; the prediction subtraction method avoids the limitation of a filtering method, does not need prior information, is a main development trend of a multiple suppression method, mainly comprises a feedback iteration method and a back scattering progression method, aims at interlayer multiple suppression, requires certain manual intervention, predicts interlayer multiple by designating multiple generation layers layer by layer, is completely data-driven by the back scattering progression method, does not need manual intervention, predicts by an algorithm, can predict all interlayer multiple at one time, and is an advanced interlayer multiple suppression method at present.
However, in the prior art, the filtering method needs more underground hypothesis information, and when the characteristic difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is small or none, the ideal effect is difficult to obtain, and even the primary wave is seriously damaged; the predictive subtraction method has high data requirements and large calculation amount, and is faced with a plurality of problems in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the application provides an interlayer multiple wave pressing method, a device, a storage medium and electronic equipment, wherein the method is based on a two-dimensional backscatter progression interlayer multiple wave pressing method, under the condition that an underground medium is approximate in one dimension, an algorithm is optimized through symmetry, the calculation efficiency is improved on the premise of guaranteeing the multiple wave prediction precision, the improved algorithm keeps the superiority of the original method, complete data driving is achieved, an underground speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple wave can be predicted, and the interlayer multiple wave can be effectively pressed.
In a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an interlayer multiple pressing method, the method comprising:
preprocessing the acquired original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data;
converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center point gather data;
Performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data;
performing background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain;
determining the vertical wave number of the center point;
carrying out interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data;
performing two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple;
and carrying out interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple.
In some embodiments, the performing the inter-layer multiple suppression on the common-center-point gather data according to the space-time domain data of the inter-layer multiple includes:
and carrying out interlayer multiple suppression by self-adaptive subtraction according to the common-center point gather data and the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple, and obtaining the seismic data after the interlayer multiple suppression.
In some embodiments, the determining the center point vertical wavenumber includes:
Determining the horizontal wave numbers of the center points of the seismic source and the wave detectors;
and determining the vertical wave number of the center point according to the horizontal wave number of the center point.
In some embodiments, the center point horizontal wavenumber is determined by:
k h ＝(k g +k s )/2
wherein k is h The horizontal wave number, k, of the center point of the source and detector s And k g Horizontal wavenumbers for sources and detectors.
In some embodiments, the center point vertical wavenumbers are determined from the center point horizontal wavenumbers by:
wherein q is the vertical wave number of the central point, ω is the circumferential frequency, C 0 For background medium velocity, k h Is the horizontal wave number of the center point of the seismic source and the detector.
In some embodiments, the preset predictive model includes:
wherein i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency; k (k) h The horizontal wave number of the center point is the center point of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the center point, c 0 Is the background media velocity; b 1 (k h ,z 1 )、b 1 (k h ,z 2 )、b 1 (k h ,z 3 ) B) plane wave field data, all being co-centered point gather data offset imaged to pseudo-depth domain 3 (k h ω) is a level of inter-level multiple data predicted by the predetermined prediction model.
In some embodiments, the frequency domain planar wavefield data of the common-center-point gather data is represented by:
b 1 (k h ,ω)＝-2iqD(k h ,ω)
wherein b 1 (k h ω) represents the frequency domain planar wave field data of the common-center-point gather data, i represents imaginary units, k s And k g Respectively representing the horizontal wave numbers of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the central point, ω represents the circumferential frequency, and D (k) h ω) represents the two-dimensional fourier transformed data.
In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus comprising:
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the acquired original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data;
the common center point gather data acquisition module is used for converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common center point gather data;
the transformation module is used for carrying out two-dimensional Fourier transformation on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data;
the plane wave field data acquisition module is used for carrying out background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain;
the determining module is used for determining the vertical wave number of the center point;
the prediction module is used for carrying out interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data;
The inverse transformation module is used for carrying out two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple;
and the pressing module is used for pressing the interlayer multiple waves on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple waves.
In a third aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program executable by one or more processors to implement a method as described above.
In a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device comprising a memory and one or more processors, said memory having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by said one or more processors, performs a method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
according to the method disclosed by the application, pure data driving is not needed, a known underground speed model is not needed, an algorithm is optimized through symmetry under the condition of one-dimensional approximation of an underground medium, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted on the premise of ensuring the prediction precision of the multiple, the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed, the calculation efficiency is improved, the improved algorithm maintains the superiority of the original method, the complete data driving is realized, the known underground speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted, and the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings provided without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an interlayer multiple pressing method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of simulation data provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of an interlayer multiple predicted by an interlayer multiple pressing method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 (c) is a schematic diagram of data obtained by adaptive subtraction multiple compression according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between simulation data provided in the embodiment of the present application and an interlayer multiple predicted by the interlayer multiple pressing method of the present application in the near-path;
FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between simulation data provided in the embodiment of the present application and an interlayer multiple predicted by the interlayer multiple pressing method of the present application in a far path;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a connection block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following will describe embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, thereby how to apply technical means to the present application to solve technical problems, and realizing processes achieving corresponding technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. The embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other on the premise of no conflict, and the formed technical schemes are all within the protection scope of the application.
In the prior art, in the ocean and land seismic exploration, due to the existence of the submarine and underground strong reflection interfaces, the seismic waves are reflected between the submarine and the strong reflection interfaces for multiple times to form interlayer multiple waves, the interlayer multiple waves and the primary reflection waves are mutually overlapped and interfered, the resolution of the seismic data is seriously reduced, the difficulty of identifying effective waves is increased, and the seismic imaging quality and the authenticity and reliability of seismic interpretation are influenced.
The attenuation or elimination of the interbed multiples is thus also an important element in seismic data processing. In order to eliminate the interference of multiple waves between layers and improve the data resolution, two types of multiple wave suppression methods are proposed by the geophysical prospecting field: the first type is a filtering method based on characteristic difference between primary waves and multiple waves; the other is predictive subtraction based on wave theory. The filtering method comprises a prediction deconvolution method, an f-k filtering method, a Radon transformation method, a beam-focusing filtering method and the like, and when the assumption condition is better met, the filtering method can effectively attenuate or eliminate multiple waves, and is small in calculated amount, easy to realize and high in efficiency; the prediction subtraction method avoids the limitation of a filtering method, does not need prior information, is a main development trend of a multiple suppression method, mainly comprises a feedback iteration method and a back scattering progression method, aims at interlayer multiple suppression, requires certain manual intervention, predicts interlayer multiple by designating multiple generation layers layer by layer, is completely data-driven by the back scattering progression method, does not need manual intervention, predicts by an algorithm, can predict all interlayer multiple at one time, and is an advanced interlayer multiple suppression method at present.
However, in the prior art, the filtering method needs more underground hypothesis information, and when the characteristic difference between the primary wave and the multiple wave is small or none, the ideal effect is difficult to obtain, and even the primary wave is seriously damaged; the predictive subtraction method has high data requirements and large calculation amount, and is faced with a plurality of problems in practical application.
In view of this, the application provides a method, a device, a storage medium and an electronic device for suppressing an interlayer multiple, wherein the method is based on a two-dimensional backscattering series interlayer multiple suppression, and under the condition that an underground medium is one-dimensional approximate, an algorithm is optimized through symmetry, so that the calculation efficiency is improved on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of multiple prediction, and the improved algorithm keeps the superiority of the original method, is completely driven by data, does not need a known underground speed model, can predict the accurate phase and approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple, and can effectively suppress the interlayer multiple.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an interlayer multiple pressing method, and fig. 1 is a flowchart of the interlayer multiple pressing method provided in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, where the method in the embodiment includes:
s110, preprocessing the collected original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data.
Optionally, the original seismic data is first obtained from the seismic data, and then the collected original seismic data is preprocessed to obtain preprocessed seismic data.
For example, preprocessing the currently acquired seismic data includes: preprocessing the currently acquired marine seismic data and preprocessing the currently acquired land seismic data. Wherein the preprocessing of marine seismic data comprises: low-cut filtering, bubble removal, surge noise suppression, direct wave removal, ghost wave suppression, free surface multiple suppression and the like; and preprocessing the land seismic data includes: static correction, abnormal amplitude coherent noise suppression, surface consistency processing, residual amplitude compensation, residual static correction, and the like.
Those skilled in the art will understand how to pre-process the original seismic data and which data in the original seismic data may be selected according to the actual requirements of the user, and the pre-process is not particularly limited herein.
And after the original seismic data are preprocessed, executing the subsequent steps of the method for predicting the multiple waves between the two-dimensional seismic source one-dimensional medium backscatter progression layers.
S120, converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain the common-center point gather data.
Optionally, the preprocessed seismic data is converted from shot gather to common center point gather to obtain common center point gather (Common Middle Point, CMP for short) data.
Those skilled in the art will understand how to transform the preprocessed seismic data, which may be selected according to the actual requirements of the user, and the specific transforming method is not limited in particular.
S130, performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data.
Optionally, two-dimensional fourier transform is performed on the common-center-point gather data, and the two-dimensional fourier transformed data is obtained from a spatial time domain to a wave number frequency domain.
And S140, performing background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain.
In some embodiments, the frequency domain planar wavefield data of the common-center-point gather data is represented by:
b 1 (k h ,ω)＝-2iqD(k h ,ω)
wherein b 1 (k h ω) represents the frequency domain planar wave field data of the common-center-point gather data, i represents imaginary units, q represents the center-point vertical wave number, ω represents the circumferential frequency, D (k) h ω) represents the two-dimensional fourier transformed data.
S150, determining the vertical wave number of the center point.
In some embodiments, the determining the center point vertical wavenumber includes:
determining the horizontal wave numbers of the center points of the seismic source and the wave detectors;
and determining the vertical wave number of the center point according to the horizontal wave number of the center point.
In some embodiments, the center point horizontal wavenumber is determined by:
k h ＝(k g +k s )/2
wherein k is h The horizontal wave number, k, of the center point of the source and detector s And k g Horizontal wavenumbers for sources and detectors.
In some embodiments, the center point vertical wavenumbers are determined from the center point horizontal wavenumbers by:
wherein q is the vertical wave number of the central point, ω is the circumferential frequency, c 0 For background medium velocity, k h Is the horizontal wave number of the center point of the seismic source and the detector.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the method for determining the vertical wave number of the center point may be selected according to the horizontal wave number of the center point in combination with actual requirements or actual situations, and is not particularly limited herein.
S160, carrying out interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave numbers to obtain predicted first-level interlayer multiple data.
In some embodiments, the preset predictive model includes:
wherein i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency; k (k) h The horizontal wave number of the center point is the center point of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the center point, c 0 Is the background media velocity; b 1 (k h ,z 1 )、b 1 (k h ,z 2 )、b 1 (k h ,z 3 ) B) plane wave field data, all being co-centered point gather data offset imaged to pseudo-depth domain 3 (k h ω) is a level of inter-level multiple data predicted by the predetermined prediction model.
Alternatively, the inter-layer multiple prediction algorithm is based on a two-dimensional backscatter progression (welgain et al, 2003):
wherein in formula (1), i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency, and pi is a circumferential rate constant; k (k) s And k g The horizontal wavenumbers, k, for sources and detectors 1 And k 2 For the horizontal wave number,lambda E (g, 1,2, s) is the corresponding vertical wave number, c 0 Epsilon for background media velocity s And epsilon g Z is depth of source and detector j (j=1, 2, 3) pseudo-depth imaged for constant background velocity shift, epsilon was introduced to make the "low-high-low" constraint relationship (z 1 >z 2 And z 3 >z 2 ) It is strictly true that its value is related to the length of the wavelet in the actual data processing.
The two-dimensional algorithm is assumed to be an experiment of a two-dimensional linear seismic source and a two-dimensional underground medium, namely, the two-dimensional linear seismic source excites seismic waves at the ground, the wave field is transmitted to the underground two-dimensional medium to be reflected back to the ground, and a two-dimensional line detector is used for receiving and recording the seismic data of the wave field.
In practical seismic exploration, sometimes the underground medium is approximately of a horizontal lamellar structure, so that we can assume that the underground medium is a one-dimensional medium, and according to the spatial symmetry of the one-dimensional medium, a common center point coordinate system is utilized to deduce a back scattering series interlayer multiple prediction algorithm when a two-dimensional seismic source is one-dimensional medium, wherein the back scattering series interlayer multiple prediction algorithm comprises:
wherein in formula (2), i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency; k (k) h The horizontal wave number of the center point is the center point of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the center point, c 0 Is the background media velocity; b 1 (k h ,z 1 )、b 1 (k h ,z 2 )、b 1 (k h ,z 3 ) B) plane wave field data, all being co-centered point gather data offset imaged to pseudo-depth domain 3 (k h ω) is the first order of predictionAnd (5) interlayer multiple data.
Through algorithm optimization, when in one-dimensional underground medium, the two-dimensional backscatter progression interlayer multiple prediction algorithm is simplified into formula (2), multiple prediction is carried out on each common-center point gather, the integral number is reduced, and the calculation efficiency is improved. The optimized algorithm maintains the advantages of the original algorithm, only the seismic data is needed to be input, the data is completely driven, and the known underground speed model is not needed.
S170, performing two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple.
Optionally, performing data domain transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data through two-dimensional inverse fourier transformation to obtain space-time domain data of the inter-level multiple.
S180, performing interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple.
In some embodiments, the performing the inter-layer multiple suppression on the common-center-point gather data according to the space-time domain data of the inter-layer multiple includes:
and carrying out interlayer multiple suppression by self-adaptive subtraction according to the common-center point gather data and the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple, and obtaining the seismic data after the interlayer multiple suppression.
Optionally, obtaining data after interlayer multiple suppression through self-adaptive subtraction according to the preprocessed seismic data and the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple.
According to the embodiment of the application, the actual data is preprocessed, the preprocessed data is converted into the common-center point gathers, then two-dimensional Fourier transformation is carried out to a frequency wave number domain, offset imaging is carried out to a pseudo depth domain, finally the pseudo depth domain is substituted into the formula (2) to predict interlayer multiple waves, the algorithm is optimized, when one-dimensional underground medium is used, the two-dimensional backscatter series interlayer multiple wave prediction algorithm is simplified into the formula (2), multiple wave prediction is carried out on each common-center point gather, the integral number is reduced, and the calculation efficiency is improved. The optimized algorithm maintains the advantages of the original algorithm, only the seismic data is needed to be input, the data is completely driven, and the known underground speed model is not needed.
Finally, through verification by processing model data, the method disclosed by the embodiment of the application is proved to be completely data-driven, a known speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be effectively predicted, and a reliable multiple model is provided for pressing the interlayer multiple.
The method disclosed by the embodiment of the application comprises the steps of firstly preprocessing actual data, converting the preprocessed data into a common center point gather, then carrying out two-dimensional Fourier transform to a frequency wave number domain, carrying out offset imaging to a pseudo depth domain, finally substituting the pseudo depth domain into the formula (2) to predict interlayer multiple, and finally verifying through processing model data, so that the method is proved to be completely data-driven, a known speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be effectively predicted, and a reliable multiple model is provided for pressing the interlayer multiple. Specific: firstly, acquiring original seismic data and preprocessing the original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data; then converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center point gather data; performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data; performing background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain; determining the vertical wave number of the center point; performing interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data; finally, carrying out two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple; and then carrying out interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple. According to the method disclosed by the application, pure data driving is not needed, a known underground speed model is not needed, an algorithm is optimized through symmetry under the condition of one-dimensional approximation of an underground medium, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted on the premise of ensuring the prediction precision of the multiple, the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed, the calculation efficiency is improved, the improved algorithm maintains the superiority of the original method, the complete data driving is realized, the known underground speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted, and the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed.
Example two
The embodiment is a specific example provided by the application, and the effectiveness of the interlayer multiple pressing method disclosed by the application is verified. Specific:
according to the one-dimensional underground medium hypothesis of the method, the simulation data are generated by a layered model, the model has two reflection ranges, a seismic source adopts a Rake wavelet with a main frequency of 25Hz, 401 channels are arranged in total, the channel spacing is 10m, the sampling interval is 0.004s, and the recording time is 1.5s.
The first step, preprocessing the collected original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data.
Optionally, the original seismic data is first obtained from the seismic data, and then the collected original seismic data is preprocessed to obtain preprocessed seismic data.
For example, preprocessing the currently acquired seismic data includes preprocessing the currently acquired marine seismic data and preprocessing the currently acquired land seismic data. Wherein the preprocessing of marine seismic data comprises: low-cut filtering, bubble removal, surge noise suppression, direct wave removal, ghost wave suppression, free surface multiple suppression and the like; and preprocessing the land seismic data includes: static correction, abnormal amplitude coherent noise suppression, surface consistency processing, residual amplitude compensation, residual static correction, and the like.
Those skilled in the art will understand how to pre-process the original seismic data and which data in the original seismic data may be selected according to the actual requirements of the user, and the pre-process is not particularly limited herein.
And after the original seismic data are preprocessed, executing the subsequent steps of the method for predicting the multiple waves between the two-dimensional seismic source one-dimensional medium backscatter progression layers.
And step two, converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain the common-center point gather data.
Optionally, the preprocessed seismic data is converted from shot gather to common center point gather to obtain common center point (Common Middle Point is CMP) gather data.
Those skilled in the art will understand how to transform the preprocessed seismic data, which may be selected according to the actual requirements of the user, and the specific transforming method is not limited in particular.
And thirdly, carrying out two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data.
Optionally, two-dimensional fourier transform is performed on the common-center-point gather data, and the two-dimensional fourier transformed data is obtained from a spatial time domain to a wave number frequency domain.
And fourthly, performing background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain.
In some embodiments, the frequency domain planar wavefield data of the common-center-point gather data is represented by:
b 1 (k h ,ω)＝-2iqD(k h ,ω)
wherein b 1 (k h ω) represents the frequency domain planar wave field data of the common-center-point gather data, i represents imaginary units, q represents the center-point vertical wave number, ω represents the circumferential frequency, D (k) h ω) represents the two-dimensional fourier transformed data.
Fifthly, determining the vertical wave number of the center point.
In some embodiments, the determining the center point vertical wavenumber includes:
determining the horizontal wave numbers of the center points of the seismic source and the wave detectors;
and determining the vertical wave number of the center point according to the horizontal wave number of the center point.
In some embodiments, the center point horizontal wavenumber is determined by:
k h ＝(k g +k s )/2
wherein k is h The horizontal wave number, k, of the center point of the source and detector s And k g Horizontal wavenumbers for sources and detectors.
In some embodiments, the center point vertical wavenumbers are determined from the center point horizontal wavenumbers by:
wherein q is the vertical wave number of the central point, ω is the circumferential frequency, c 0 For background medium velocity, k h Is the horizontal wave number of the center point of the seismic source and the detector.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the method for determining the vertical wave number of the center point may be selected according to the horizontal wave number of the center point in combination with actual requirements or actual situations, and is not particularly limited herein.
And step six, carrying out interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data.
In some embodiments, the preset predictive model includes:
wherein i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency; k (k) h The horizontal wave number of the center point is the center point of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the center point, c 0 Is the background media velocity; b 1 (k h ,z 1 )、b 1 (k h ,z 2 )、b 1 (k h ,z 3 ) B) plane wave field data, all being co-centered point gather data offset imaged to pseudo-depth domain 3 (k h ω) is a level of inter-level multiple data predicted by the predetermined prediction model.
Alternatively, the inter-layer multiple prediction algorithm is based on a two-dimensional backscatter progression (welgain et al, 2003):
wherein in formula (1), i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency, and pi is a circumferential rate constant; k (k) s And k g The horizontal wavenumbers, k, for sources and detectors 1 And k 2 For the horizontal wave number, Lambda E (g, 1,2, s) is the corresponding vertical wave number, c 0 Epsilon for background media velocity s And epsilon g Z is depth of source and detector j (j=1, 2, 3) pseudo-depth imaged for constant background velocity shift, epsilon was introduced to make the "low-high-low" constraint relationship (z 1 >z 2 And z 3 >z 2 ) It is strictly true that its value is related to the length of the wavelet in the actual data processing.
The two-dimensional algorithm is assumed to be an experiment of a two-dimensional linear seismic source and a two-dimensional underground medium, namely, the two-dimensional linear seismic source excites seismic waves at the ground, the wave field is transmitted to the underground two-dimensional medium to be reflected back to the ground, and a two-dimensional line detector is used for receiving and recording the seismic data of the wave field.
In practical seismic exploration, sometimes the underground medium is approximately of a horizontal lamellar structure, so that we can assume that the underground medium is a one-dimensional medium, and according to the spatial symmetry of the one-dimensional medium, a common center point coordinate system is utilized to deduce a back scattering series interlayer multiple prediction algorithm when a two-dimensional seismic source is one-dimensional medium, wherein the back scattering series interlayer multiple prediction algorithm comprises:
wherein in the above formula (2), i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency; k (k) h The horizontal wave number of the center point is the center point of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the center point, c 0 Is the background media velocity; b 1 (k h ,z 1 )、b 1 (k h ,z 2 )、b 1 (k h ,z 3 ) B) plane wave field data, all being co-centered point gather data offset imaged to pseudo-depth domain 3 (k h ω) is predicted inter-level multiple data.
Through algorithm optimization, when in one-dimensional underground medium, the two-dimensional backscatter progression interlayer multiple prediction algorithm is simplified into formula (2), multiple prediction is carried out on each common-center point gather, the integral number is reduced, and the calculation efficiency is improved. The optimized algorithm maintains the advantages of the original algorithm, only the seismic data is needed to be input, the data is completely driven, and the known underground speed model is not needed.
And seventhly, performing two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple.
Optionally, performing data domain transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data through two-dimensional inverse fourier transformation to obtain space-time domain data of the inter-level multiple.
And eighth step, carrying out interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple.
In some embodiments, the performing the inter-layer multiple suppression on the common-center-point gather data according to the space-time domain data of the inter-layer multiple includes:
and carrying out interlayer multiple suppression by self-adaptive subtraction according to the common-center point gather data and the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple, and obtaining the seismic data after the interlayer multiple suppression.
Optionally, obtaining data after interlayer multiple suppression through self-adaptive subtraction according to the preprocessed seismic data and the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple.
According to the embodiment of the application, the actual data is preprocessed, the preprocessed data is converted into the common-center point gathers, then two-dimensional Fourier transformation is carried out to a frequency wave number domain, offset imaging is carried out to a pseudo depth domain, finally the pseudo depth domain is substituted into the formula (2) to predict interlayer multiple waves, the algorithm is optimized, when one-dimensional underground medium is used, the two-dimensional backscatter series interlayer multiple wave prediction algorithm is simplified into the formula (2), multiple wave prediction is carried out on each common-center point gather, the integral number is reduced, and the calculation efficiency is improved. The optimized algorithm maintains the advantages of the original algorithm, only the seismic data is needed to be input, the data is completely driven, and the known underground speed model is not needed.
Finally, through verification by processing model data, the method disclosed by the embodiment of the application is proved to be completely data-driven, a known speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be effectively predicted, and a reliable multiple model is provided for pressing the interlayer multiple.
Alternatively, fig. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of simulated data provided by an embodiment of the present application, fig. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of an interlayer multiple predicted by an interlayer multiple pressing method provided by an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 (c) is a schematic diagram of data after adaptive subtraction multiple pressing provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can be seen that the method disclosed by the embodiment of the present application can predict an accurate phase and an approximate amplitude of the multiple. To further compare waveforms and amplitudes, near and far data were selected from fig. 2 (a) and fig. 2 (b), fig. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of comparison of a simulation data provided in an embodiment of the present application with an inter-layer multiple predicted by an inter-layer multiple compression method of the present application in the near, and fig. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of comparison of a simulation data provided in an embodiment of the present application with an inter-layer multiple predicted by an inter-layer multiple compression method of the present application in the far, wherein curve 1 represents the simulation data in fig. 3 (a) and fig. 3 (b), and curve 2 represents the inter-layer multiple data predicted by a method disclosed in the present application.
Therefore, the method is completely accurate in the inter-layer multiple travel time of near and far channel prediction, and the predicted inter-layer multiple amplitude is close to the original data. In view of this, only analog data need be input in the test process according to the method disclosed by the application, a known speed model is not needed, and test data results show the accuracy of the method for predicting the multiple waves between layers in the two-dimensional linear seismic source one-dimensional underground medium.
The method disclosed by the embodiment of the application comprises the steps of firstly preprocessing actual data, converting the preprocessed data into a common center point gather, then carrying out two-dimensional Fourier transform to a frequency wave number domain, carrying out offset imaging to a pseudo depth domain, finally substituting the pseudo depth domain into the formula (2) to predict interlayer multiple, and finally verifying through processing model data, so that the method is proved to be completely data-driven, a known speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be effectively predicted, and a reliable multiple model is provided for pressing the interlayer multiple. Specific: firstly, acquiring original seismic data and preprocessing the original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data; then converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center point gather data; performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data; performing background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain; determining the vertical wave number of the center point; performing interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data; finally, carrying out two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple; and then carrying out interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple. According to the method disclosed by the application, pure data driving is not needed, a known underground speed model is not needed, an algorithm is optimized through symmetry under the condition of one-dimensional approximation of an underground medium, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted on the premise of ensuring the prediction precision of the multiple, the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed, the calculation efficiency is improved, the improved algorithm maintains the superiority of the original method, the complete data driving is realized, the known underground speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted, and the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed.
Example III
The present embodiment provides an apparatus, and the embodiment of the apparatus may be used to execute the method embodiment of the present application, and for details not disclosed in the embodiment of the present apparatus, please refer to the method embodiment of the present application. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 4, an apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment includes:
the preprocessing module 401 is configured to preprocess the collected original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data;
the common-center-point gather data acquisition module 402 is configured to perform conversion processing on the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center-point gather data;
the transformation module 403 is configured to perform two-dimensional fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional fourier transformed data;
a planar wave field data acquisition module 404, configured to perform background medium velocity migration on the two-dimensional fourier transformed data, to obtain planar wave field data of a pseudo depth domain;
a determining module 405, configured to determine a vertical wave number of the center point;
the prediction module 406 is configured to perform interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number, so as to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data of a first layer;
The inverse transform module 407 is configured to perform two-dimensional inverse fourier transform on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space-time domain data of the inter-level multiple;
and the suppression module 408 is configured to perform interlayer multiple suppression on the common-center point gather data according to the spatial time domain data of the interlayer multiple.
In some embodiments, the suppression module 408 performs the inter-layer multiple suppression by adaptive subtraction based on the common-center-point gather data and the space-time domain data of the inter-layer multiple to obtain the suppressed seismic data.
In some embodiments, the determining module 405 includes a first determining unit and a second determining unit; wherein,
a first determining unit for determining the horizontal wave numbers of the center points of the seismic source and the detector;
and the second determining unit is used for determining the vertical wave number of the center point according to the horizontal wave number of the center point.
In some embodiments, the first determining unit determines the center point horizontal wave number by:
k h ＝(k g +k s )/2
wherein k is h The horizontal wave number, k, of the center point of the source and detector s And k g Horizontal wavenumbers for sources and detectors.
In some embodiments, the second determining unit determines the center point vertical wavenumber from the center point horizontal wavenumber by:
Wherein q is the vertical wave number of the central point, ω is the circumferential frequency, C 0 For background medium velocity, k h Is the horizontal wave number of the center point of the seismic source and the detector.
In some embodiments, the preset predictive model includes:
wherein i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency; k (k) h The horizontal wave number of the center point is the center point of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the center point, c 0 Is the background media velocity; b 1 (k h ,z 1 )、b 1 (k h ,z 2 )、b 1 (k h ,z 3 ) B) plane wave field data, all being co-centered point gather data offset imaged to pseudo-depth domain 3 (k h ω) is a level of inter-level multiple data predicted by the predetermined prediction model.
In some embodiments, the frequency domain planar wavefield data of the common-center-point gather data is represented by:
b 1 (k h ,ω)＝-2iqD(k h ,ω)
wherein b 1 (k h ω) represents the frequency domain planar wave field data of the common-center-point gather data, i represents imaginary units, q represents the center-point vertical wave number, ω represents the circumferential frequency, D (k) h ω) represents the two-dimensional fourier transformed data.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 4 is not limiting of the apparatus of the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or certain components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.
The above-described respective modules/units may be functional modules or program modules, and may be implemented by software or hardware. For modules/units implemented in hardware, the various modules/units described above may be located in the same processor; or the individual modules/units described above may also be located in different processors, respectively, in any combination.
The preprocessing module 401 is used for preprocessing the collected original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data; the common-center-point gather data acquisition module 402 is configured to perform conversion processing on the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center-point gather data; the transformation module 403 is configured to perform two-dimensional fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional fourier transformed data; a planar wave field data acquisition module 404, configured to perform background medium velocity migration on the two-dimensional fourier transformed data, to obtain planar wave field data of a pseudo depth domain; a determining module 405, configured to determine a vertical wave number of the center point; the prediction module 406 is configured to perform interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number, so as to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data of a first layer; the inverse transform module 407 is configured to perform two-dimensional inverse fourier transform on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space-time domain data of the inter-level multiple; and the suppression module 408 is configured to perform interlayer multiple suppression on the common-center point gather data according to the spatial time domain data of the interlayer multiple. According to the device disclosed by the application, pure data driving is not needed, a known underground speed model is not needed, an algorithm is optimized through symmetry under the condition of one-dimensional approximation of an underground medium, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted on the premise of ensuring the prediction precision of the multiple, the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed, the calculation efficiency is improved, the improved algorithm keeps the superiority of the original method, the data driving is completed, the known underground speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted, and the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed.
Example IV
The present embodiment also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program which, when executed by a processor, can implement a method as in the foregoing method embodiments.
The computer-readable storage medium may also include, among other things, computer programs, data files, data structures, etc., alone or in combination. The computer readable storage medium or computer program may be specifically designed and understood by those skilled in the art of computer software, or the computer readable storage medium may be well known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of the computer readable storage medium include: magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tape; optical media such as CDROM discs and DVDs; magneto-optical media, such as optical disks; and hardware means, specifically configured to store and execute computer programs, such as read-only memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), flash memory; or a server, app application mall, etc. Examples of computer programs include machine code (e.g., code produced by a compiler) and files containing higher level code that may be executed by the computer using an interpreter. The described hardware devices may be configured to act as one or more software modules to perform the operations and methods described above, and vice versa. In addition, the computer readable storage medium may be distributed among networked computer systems, and the program code or computer program may be stored and executed in a decentralized manner.
Example five
Fig. 5 is a connection block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device 500 may include: one or more processors 501, memory 502, multimedia components 503, input/output (I/O) interfaces 504, and communication components 505.
The memory 502 is used to store various types of data, which may include, for example, instructions of any application or method in the electronic device, as well as application-related data, and the one or more processors 501 are used to perform all or part of the steps as in the method embodiments described above:
it should be noted that the one or more processors 501 may be implemented as application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated as ASIC), digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated as DSP), digital signal processing devices (Digital Signal Processing Device, abbreviated as DSPD), programmable logic devices (Programmable Logic Device, abbreviated as PLD), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated as FPGA), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing the methods as described above.
The Memory 502 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile Memory device or combination thereof, such as static random access Memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM for short), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM for short), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM for short), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM for short), read-Only Memory (ROM for short), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.
The multimedia component 503 may include a screen, which may be a touch screen, and an audio component for outputting and/or inputting audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signal may be further stored in a memory or transmitted through a communication component. The audio assembly further comprises at least one speaker for outputting audio signals.
The I/O interface 504 provides an interface between the one or more processors 501 and other interface modules, which may be a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons.
The communication component 505 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 500 and other devices. The wired communication comprises communication through a network port, a serial port and the like; the wireless communication includes: wi-Fi, bluetooth, near field communication (Near Field Communication, NFC for short), 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, or a combination of one or more of them. The corresponding communication component 505 may thus comprise: wi-Fi module, bluetooth module, NFC module.
In summary, the present application provides an inter-layer multiple suppression method, an apparatus, a computer readable storage medium, and an electronic device, where the disclosed inter-layer multiple suppression method first performs preprocessing on actual data, converts the preprocessed data into a common-center point gather, then performs two-dimensional fourier transform to a frequency-wave number domain, performs offset imaging to a pseudo-depth domain, finally substitutes into the equation (2) as in the foregoing embodiment to predict an inter-layer multiple, and finally performs verification through processing of model data, thereby proving that the method is completely data-driven, and can effectively predict an accurate phase and an approximate amplitude of the inter-layer multiple without a known velocity model, and providing a reliable multiple model for suppression of the inter-layer multiple. Specific: firstly, acquiring original seismic data and preprocessing the original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data; then converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center point gather data; performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data; performing background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain; determining the vertical wave number of the center point; performing interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data; finally, carrying out two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple; and then carrying out interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple. According to the method disclosed by the application, pure data driving is not needed, a known underground speed model is not needed, an algorithm is optimized through symmetry under the condition of one-dimensional approximation of an underground medium, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted on the premise of ensuring the prediction precision of the multiple, the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed, the calculation efficiency is improved, the improved algorithm maintains the superiority of the original method, the complete data driving is realized, the known underground speed model is not needed, the accurate phase and the approximate amplitude of the interlayer multiple can be predicted, and the interlayer multiple can be effectively pressed.
It should be further understood that the methods or systems disclosed in the embodiments provided herein may be implemented in other manners. The above-described method or system embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, flow diagrams and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of methods and apparatuses according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, a computer program segment, or a portion of a computer program, which comprises one or more computer programs for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures, and in fact may be executed substantially concurrently, or in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer programs.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, apparatus or device comprising such elements; if any, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of features indicated; in the description of the present application, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as "common center gather", "background medium velocity offset", "vertical wave number", "inter-layer multiples", etc. should be construed broadly, and those skilled in the art may reasonably determine the specific meaning of the terms in the present application in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions. Furthermore, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "plurality" and "multiple" mean at least two.
Finally it is pointed out that in the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "one example" or "some examples" and the like refer to particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example as being included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described above, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the present application to the details of the embodiments employed to facilitate the understanding of the present application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains will be able to make any modifications and variations in form and detail of implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, but the scope of protection of this application shall be subject to the scope of the claims that follow.
Claims (10)
1. An interlayer multiple pressing method, comprising:
preprocessing the acquired original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data;
converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common-center point gather data;
performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data;
performing background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain;
determining the vertical wave number of the center point;
carrying out interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data;
performing two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple;
and carrying out interlayer multiple suppression on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said performing inter-layer multiple suppression on the common-center point gather data from the inter-layer multiple's space-time domain data comprises:
And carrying out interlayer multiple suppression through self-adaptive subtraction according to the common-center point gather data and the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple, so as to obtain the seismic data after the interlayer multiple suppression.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the center point vertical wavenumber comprises:
determining the horizontal wave numbers of the center points of the seismic source and the wave detectors;
and determining the vertical wave number of the center point according to the horizontal wave number of the center point.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the center point horizontal wavenumber is determined by:
k h ＝(k g +k s )/2
wherein k is h The horizontal wave number, k, of the center point of the source and detector s And k g Horizontal wavenumbers for sources and detectors.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein the center point vertical wavenumbers are determined from the center point horizontal wavenumbers by:
wherein q is the vertical wave number of the central point, and ω is the circumferential frequency，C 0 For background medium velocity, k h Is the horizontal wave number of the center point of the seismic source and the detector.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-set predictive model comprises:
wherein i is an imaginary unit, ω is a circumferential frequency; k (k) h The horizontal wave number of the center point is the center point of the seismic source and the detector, q is the vertical wave number of the center point, c 0 Is the background media velocity; b 1 (k h ,z 1 )、b 1 (k h ,z 2 )、b 1 (k h ,z 3 ) B) plane wave field data, all being co-centered point gather data offset imaged to pseudo-depth domain 3 (k h ω) is a level of inter-level multiple data predicted by the predetermined prediction model.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the frequency domain planar wavefield data of the common-center-point gather data is represented by:
b 1 (k h ,ω)＝-2iqD(k h ,ω)
wherein b 1 (k h ω) represents the frequency domain planar wave field data of the common-center-point gather data, i represents imaginary units, q represents the center-point vertical wave number, ω represents the circumferential frequency, D (k) h ω) represents the two-dimensional fourier transformed data.
8. An apparatus, comprising:
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the acquired original seismic data to obtain preprocessed seismic data;
the common center point gather data acquisition module is used for converting the preprocessed seismic data to obtain common center point gather data;
the transformation module is used for carrying out two-dimensional Fourier transformation on the common-center point gather data to obtain two-dimensional Fourier transformed data;
the plane wave field data acquisition module is used for carrying out background medium speed migration on the two-dimensional Fourier transformed data to obtain plane wave field data of a pseudo depth domain;
The determining module is used for determining the vertical wave number of the center point;
the prediction module is used for carrying out interlayer multiple prediction on the plane wave field data of the pseudo depth domain through a preset prediction model according to the vertical wave number to obtain predicted interlayer multiple data;
the inverse transformation module is used for carrying out two-dimensional Fourier inverse transformation on the predicted inter-level multiple data to obtain space time domain data of the inter-level multiple;
and the pressing module is used for pressing the interlayer multiple waves on the common center point gather data according to the space time domain data of the interlayer multiple waves.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program executable by one or more processors to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory and one or more processors, the memory having stored thereon a computer program, the memory and the one or more processors being communicatively coupled to each other, the computer program, when executed by the one or more processors, performing the method of any of claims 1-7.
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