CN117684622A - Ditching device for pipeline laying - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ditching device for pipeline laying, which comprises a device body, wherein the device body comprises a cockpit, a walking chassis and a mechanical arm, the walking chassis is arranged at the bottom of the cockpit, the mechanical arm is hinged to the front surface of the cockpit, a soil loosening mechanism for ditching is arranged at the working end of the mechanical arm, and a soil taking mechanism for cleaning ditches is arranged at the front surface of the walking chassis; by installing the soil loosening mechanism and the soil taking mechanism, the practicability of the excavator is widened, underground plant root systems can be effectively damaged, and the soil taking mechanism is prevented from being blocked and damaged by the underground plant root systems; the friction coupling is adopted, so that the effect of avoiding damage to the drilling tool or the output shaft can be achieved; the metal ring can give out sharp noise through friction so as to remind operators of timely disconnecting the hydraulic motor and checking the condition of the drilling tool, thereby avoiding further damage; the hollow telescopic cylinder enables two adjacent drilling tools to move up and down in a staggered mode, and the effect of crushing soil and underground plant root systems can be improved through the grooves formed in the matched mode.

Description

Ditching device for pipeline laying

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of pipeline laying, and particularly relates to a ditching device for pipeline laying.

Background

As known, oil and gas pipeline profile pipeline transportation is one of the most important transportation modes of crude oil, natural gas and finished oil, and ditching is needed for paving the oil and gas pipeline in the long distance in the field, and the oil and gas pipeline is buried in the ditches; the existing field ditching operation is to perform ditching operation through an excavator, so that an operator needs to control the mechanical arm, the excavator bucket and the cab to rotate for a long time when driving the excavator, and the labor intensity is high; there are also many kinds of special ditching equipment on the market, the existing special ditching equipment is mostly a chain type tapping machine, drive the scraper to scrape the soil through the conveying chain, easy to operate, ditching efficiency is higher; the special ditching equipment has the problems that the special ditching equipment is only suitable for areas with good soil quality, if underground plant root systems are developed, the running speed of a conveying chain needs to be reduced, the damage of the scraper or the breakage of the conveying chain caused by the blocking of the scraper by the underground plant root systems is avoided, and even if the running speed of the conveying chain is reduced in the actual use process, the phenomenon that the conveying chain is blocked and broken often occurs, so that the project progress is influenced.

Chinese patent with the issued notice number CN214530850U discloses a chain type communication pipeline ditcher; the patent comprises a tractor body, a chain ditching mechanism and a lifting mechanism; the chain ditching mechanism includes end to end's chain, ditching mounting bracket, sets up driving sprocket and driven sprocket on the ditching mounting bracket and set up the ditching cutter in the chain outside, is connected with the shock attenuation arm between driving sprocket and the driven sprocket, and the ditching cutter is equipped with a plurality of and equidistant staggered arrangement along the circumferencial direction of chain, and every ditching cutter all includes the handle of a knife of fixing on the chain and connects the tool bit on the handle of a knife, and this patent has strengthened the structural design of tool bit, can promote tool bit intensity.

The technical scheme has the following defects:

1. the ditching cutter cannot achieve a good cutting effect on plant rhizomes in soil;

2. the phenomenon that the normal ditching operation is influenced by the fact that a chain is blocked and broken cannot be avoided by adopting a traditional chain ditching mechanism;

3. the working efficiency of the traditional unidirectional fixed ditching cutter is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a ditching device for pipeline laying, which comprises a device body, wherein the device body comprises a cockpit, a walking chassis and a mechanical arm, the walking chassis is arranged at the bottom of the cockpit, the mechanical arm is hinged to the front face of the cockpit, a soil loosening mechanism for ditching is arranged at the working end of the mechanical arm, and a soil taking mechanism for cleaning ditches is arranged at the front face of the walking chassis.

Further, the scarification mechanism comprises a connecting frame, a plurality of driving mechanism, a drilling tool and a dislocation mechanism which are connected with the driving mechanism in a transmission way, the connecting frame is fixed at the working end of the mechanical arm, the driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor fixed at the top of the connecting frame, a speed reducer is installed at the hydraulic motor, a hollow column corresponding to the hydraulic motor is fixed at the bottom of the connecting frame, a transmission shaft connected with the output end of the hydraulic motor is arranged inside the hollow column, a plurality of transmission boxes are sleeved on the outer surface of the hollow column, the inner wall of each transmission box is connected with an output shaft through a fixed bearing, and each output shaft is connected with the adjacent transmission shaft in a transmission way through a right-angle transmission mechanism.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt multirow synchronous mode to adapt the scope of ditching operation, improve work efficiency, adopt hollow post simultaneously can prevent that objects such as earth in the work, rubble from causing the damage to the transmission.

Further, the drilling tool comprises a drilling rod and helical blades, the drilling rod penetrates through the adjacent transmission boxes and is fixedly connected with the output shaft through the warning mechanism, the helical blades are distributed on the surface of the drilling rod along a helical track by a plurality of sector plates, and the diameter value of one end close to the output shaft is larger than that of one end far away from the output shaft.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, conical design carries out the contact earlier through the one end that the diameter is little in carrying out ditching work, reduces the contact surface and more conveniently carries out ditching and bores the operation.

Further, the warning mechanism comprises a friction coupling, the friction coupling is positioned between the drill rod and the output shaft on the same straight line, a metal ring capable of giving out sharp noise through friction is respectively arranged between a driving shaft and a driven shaft of the friction coupling, and elastic elements are filled between the driving shaft and the adjacent metal rings.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, when output shaft and drilling rod produced relative rotation, two metal rings relative rotation friction to send sharp noise, in order to remind the operating personnel in time to break off hydraulic motor, look over drilling tool situation, avoid causing further damage.

Further, dislocation mechanism distributes in every two adjacent actuating mechanism departments in turn, and dislocation mechanism includes two guide posts that are fixed in the link upper surface, and two guide post cover are equipped with the sliding seat of looks adaptation, and the sliding seat is fixed with hollow telescopic cylinder with the link, and the hollow post that is located same vertical line runs through hollow telescopic cylinder's centre bore and is driven by it.

Through the technical scheme, the hydraulic motor and the corresponding hollow column can be driven to move up and down, so that the drilling tools of two adjacent hollow columns can be staggered up and down to further improve the effect of crushing soil and underground plant root systems.

Further, the soil sampling mechanism comprises a frame, the left side and the right side of the frame are hinged with the left side and the right side of a walking chassis through pin shafts, a telescopic cylinder for adjusting angles is arranged between the walking chassis and the frame, chain wheels are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inside of the frame through rotating shafts, the two chain wheels are connected through transmission chains meshed with the outer surfaces, a driving motor for driving the chain wheels is fixed on the frame, and buckets for sampling soil are arranged on the outer ring of the transmission chains in an equidistance mode.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, clear up and arrange outward to the earth behind the mechanism and the drilling tool ditching of loosening the soil.

Further, a guide chute for distributing soil is fixed at one end of the walking chassis, which is close to the top of the frame.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out the water conservancy diversion to the earth that the mechanism of taking earth draws, make it fall to the outside that has ditched department, prevent that it from flowing back to in the ditch.

Further, the discharge end of baffle box left and right sides all articulates through pin I has the bracing piece, and two bracing pieces keep away from the one end of baffle box and articulate respectively through pin II has the striker plate, and the bottom of striker plate contacts with soil surface, and vibrating motor is all installed to a side that two striker plates are close to each other, and the outside of every pin II all overlaps and is equipped with rubber damping post.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, change the angle of striker plate through the regulation bracing piece, and vibrating motor can be through shaking loose soil top layer tap of hugging closely striker plate department, avoid collapsing, can adapt vibrating motor's vibrations through the rubber shock strut, avoid bracing piece restriction striker plate's vibration, reduce the compaction effect.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the practicability of the excavator is widened by installing the soil loosening mechanism and the soil sampling mechanism; the underground plant root system can be effectively destroyed in the drilling process of the drilling tool, and the soil sampling mechanism is prevented from being blocked and damaged by the underground plant root system; the soil loosening mechanism and the soil taking mechanism can be matched for operation, so that the operation efficiency can be effectively improved, and when the ditching depth reaches the design requirement, an operator only needs to control the walking of the walking chassis, so that the labor intensity of the operator can be effectively reduced;

2. when the drilling tool is accidentally blocked and cannot rotate, the output shaft and the drill rod relatively rotate, the effect of avoiding damage to the drilling tool or the output shaft can be achieved by adopting the friction coupling, and meanwhile, the metal ring can send out sharp noise through friction so as to remind an operator to disconnect the hydraulic motor in time and check the condition of the drilling tool, so that further damage is avoided;

3. the hollow telescopic cylinder stretches and contracts to drive the driving mechanism and the hollow column which is matched with the driving mechanism to move up and down, so that the driving mechanism and the hollow column can move up and down in a staggered manner with two adjacent drilling tools, and the effect of crushing soil and underground plant root systems can be further improved by matching with the open slots;

4. soil brought out of the bottom of the ditch by the bucket can be dumped into the guide chute at the discharge end of the rack, and the guide chute can shunt the excavated soil to two sides of the walking chassis, so that the excavated soil is prevented from falling back into the ditch again.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a right side view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a hollow column in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the scarification mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a drilling tool according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a right side view of the soil sampling mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a top view of the soil sampling mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a walking chassis; 2. a mechanical arm; 3. a scarification mechanism; 3-1, a connecting frame; 3-2, a hollow column; 3-3, a transmission shaft; 3-4, a hydraulic motor; 3-5, a transmission case; 3-6, an output shaft; 3-7, a sliding seat; 3-8, a guide post; 3-9, a hollow telescopic cylinder; 4. a soil sampling mechanism; 4-1, a frame; 4-2, a conveying chain; 4-3, a bucket; 4-4, a telescopic cylinder; 4-5, a guide chute; 4-6, a striker plate; 4-7, a vibration motor; 4-8, supporting rods; 4-9, rubber vibration reduction columns; 5. drilling tool; 5-1, a drill rod; 5-2, helical blades; 5-3, friction coupling; 5-4, a metal ring; 5-5, an elastic element.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the device of the invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of the apparatus are given in the accompanying drawings. However, the apparatus may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, disposed, or detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected, disposed, for example. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1-6, the present embodiment provides a ditching device for pipeline laying, which comprises a device body, wherein the device body comprises a cockpit, a walking chassis 1 and a mechanical arm 2, the walking chassis 1 is installed at the bottom of the cockpit, the walking chassis 1 is a traditional crawler chassis for supporting the weight of the cockpit and the like, and is simultaneously used for moving and walking, and the ditching device is composed of steel crawler tracks, a double-speed motor assembly, a chassis steel frame, bearing wheels, guide wheels, driving gear teeth and other existing structures. The mechanical arm 2 is hinged to the front face of the cockpit, the mechanical arm 2 is identical to the traditional mechanical arm in structure, the mechanical arm mainly comprises an arm body, a bucket rod, a bucket and the like, the movement of the mechanical arm is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is driven by the pressure of hydraulic oil to generate power, the mechanical arm stretches, rotates and lifts, and the like, the hydraulic control system comprises a hydraulic oil tank, an oil pump, a hydraulic motor, an electromagnetic valve, an oil pipe, a control valve and the like, and the direction and the pressure of oil liquid are changed through the control valve, so that the direction and the speed of the mechanical arm are controlled.

The working end of the mechanical arm 2 is provided with a soil loosening mechanism 3 for ditching, and the soil loosening mechanism 3 comprises a connecting frame 3-1, a plurality of driving mechanisms, a drilling tool 5 in transmission connection with the driving mechanisms and a dislocation mechanism. The connecting frame 3-1 is fixed in the working end of the mechanical arm 2, the driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor 3-4 fixed at the top of the connecting frame 3-1, a speed reducer is installed at the position of the hydraulic motor 3-4, a hollow column 3-2 corresponding to the hydraulic motor 3-4 is fixed at the bottom of the connecting frame 3-1, transmission shafts 3-3 connected with the output ends of the hydraulic motor 3-4 are arranged in the hollow column 3-2, the hollow column 3-2 not only has a connecting effect, but also can protect the transmission shafts 3-3 in the interior to prevent the transmission shafts 3-3 from being damaged in operation, a plurality of transmission boxes 3-5 are fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the hollow column 3-2, the inner wall of each transmission box 3-5 is connected with an output shaft 3-6 through a fixed bearing, each output shaft 3-6 is in transmission connection with the adjacent transmission shafts 3-3 through a right-angle transmission mechanism, and the right-angle transmission mechanism is a right-angle transmission structure common in mechanical structure, and the right-angle transmission mechanism is used for the transmission shafts 3-3 to drive the output shafts 3-6 to synchronously drive.

The drilling tool 5 comprises a drilling rod 5-1 and a helical blade 5-2, wherein the drilling rod 5-1 penetrates through the adjacent transmission case 3-5 and is fixedly connected with the output shaft 3-6 through a warning mechanism, the helical blade 5-2 is distributed on the surface of the drilling rod 5-1 along a helical track by a plurality of sector plates, the diameter value of one end close to the output shaft 3-6 is larger than that of one end far away from the output shaft 3-6, and the design of the taper is that the diameter value is larger than that of one end far away from the output shaft 3-6, the end with small diameter is contacted firstly during ditching work, and the contact surface is reduced so that ditching and drilling work can be conveniently carried out. At the same time, a plurality of grooves which are distributed equidistantly are arranged at the screw blade 5-2, so that the underground plants can be crushed and cut

The warning mechanism includes a friction coupling 5-3, and the friction coupling 5-3 is a mechanical part for connecting two shafts (a driving shaft and a driven shaft) in different mechanisms to rotate together to transmit torque. The friction coupling 5-3 is arranged between the drill rod 5-1 and the output shaft 3-6 on the same straight line, a metal ring 5-4 capable of giving out sharp noise through friction is arranged between a driving shaft and a driven shaft of the friction coupling 5-3 respectively, the two metal rings 5-4 are in contact with each other and are respectively arranged at the driving shaft and the driven shaft (one metal ring 5-4 is fixedly connected with the driven shaft, the other metal ring 5-4 is in spline connection with the driving shaft), when the output shaft and the drill rod 5-1 relatively rotate, the two metal rings relatively rotate and rub and give out sharp noise, so that an operator can be reminded of timely disconnecting a hydraulic motor to check the drilling tool condition, an elastic element 5-5 is filled between the driving shaft and the adjacent metal ring 5-4 to avoid further damage, the elastic element 5-5 can be an elastic piece with a deformation effect such as a rubber pad and a spring, and the like and is used for adapting to deformation generated when the driving shaft and the adjacent metal ring 5-4 move.

The dislocation mechanism is distributed in every two adjacent driving mechanisms in turn (namely, the driving mechanisms of the installation dislocation mechanism and the driving mechanisms of the non-installation dislocation mechanism are alternately arranged), the dislocation mechanism comprises two guide posts 3-8 fixed on the upper surface of a connecting frame 3-1, the two guide posts 3-8 are sleeved with a sliding seat 3-7 which is matched with each other, the sliding seat 3-7 and the connecting frame 3 are fixedly provided with a hollow telescopic cylinder 3-9, and the hollow posts 3-2 which are positioned in the same vertical line penetrate through the central holes of the hollow telescopic cylinders 3-9 and are driven by the hollow telescopic cylinders, so that the drilling tools 5 driving the hydraulic motor 3-4 and the corresponding hollow posts 3-5 can move up and down, and the effect of crushing soil and underground plant root systems can be further improved by the vertical dislocation of the drilling tools 5 of the two adjacent hollow posts 3-5.

The front of the walking chassis 1 is provided with a soil sampling mechanism 4 for cleaning ditches, the soil sampling mechanism 4 comprises a frame 4-1, one end of the walking chassis 1, which is close to the top of the frame 4-1, is fixedly provided with a guide chute 4-5 for soil diversion, the left side and the right side of the frame 4-1 are hinged with the left side and the right side of the walking chassis 1 through pin shafts, a telescopic cylinder 4-4 for adjusting angles is arranged between the walking chassis 1 and the frame 4-1, the upper end and the lower end of the inside of the frame 4-1 are respectively provided with a chain wheel through rotating shafts, the two chain wheels are in transmission connection through a transmission chain 4-2 meshed with the outer surfaces, the frame 4-1 is fixedly provided with a driving motor for driving the chain wheels, the outer ring of the transmission chain 4-2 is provided with digging buckets 4-3 which are distributed equidistantly and are used for soil sampling, the digging buckets 4-3 are driven to rotate through the rotation of the chain wheels, the soil taken out of the ditch bottom can be dumped into the guide chute 4-5 through the discharging ends of the frame 4-1, the digging soil is shunted into the two sides of the walking chassis 1 through the guide chute 4-5, and the soil is prevented from falling back into the ditch.

The discharge ends of the left side and the right side of the guide chute 4-5 are hinged with support rods 4-8 through pins I (the support rods 4-8 are of telescopic structures and can be used by adopting electric hydraulic rods, the length of the support rods 4-8 can be adjusted according to needs, so that the angle of each baffle plate 4-6 can be adjusted), one ends, far away from the guide chute 4-5, of the two support rods 4-8 are respectively hinged with the baffle plates 4-6 through pins II, the bottoms of the baffle plates 4-6 are contacted with the soil surface, the excavated soil is prevented from influencing the travelling of the travelling chassis 1, the vibrating motors 4-7 are arranged on one side surfaces, close to each other, of the two baffle plates 4-6, of the vibrating motors 4-7 can vibrate the loose soil surface layer closely attached to the baffle plates 4-6, collapse is avoided, the outer part of each pin II is sleeved with rubber vibration reduction columns 4-9, vibration of the baffle plates can be adapted through the rubber vibration reduction columns 4-9, vibration of the vibrating motors 4-7 is avoided, vibration of the support rods are limited, and the vibration effect is reduced.

According to the ditching device for pipeline laying, when ditching is carried out, firstly, the walking chassis 1 moves to a ditching position, the ground angle of the mechanical arm 2 is adjusted according to requirements, then the hydraulic motor 3-4 and the switch of the hollow telescopic cylinder 3-9 are opened, the hydraulic motor 3-4 drives the transmission shaft 3-3 to rotate, the transmission shaft 3-3 synchronously drives the output shaft 3-6 to rotate through a plurality of right angle transmission mechanisms, so that the drilling tool 5 can rotate, ditching operation is completed, meanwhile, the hollow telescopic rod 3-9 enables the hydraulic motor 3-4 and the corresponding hollow column 3-2 to move up and down through the limit of the guide column 3-8, so that the height difference is formed between the hydraulic motor 3-4 and the hollow column 3-2 on two sides, misplaced crushing is carried out on soil, the working efficiency is improved, the soil excavated by the soil taking mechanism 4 positioned at the rear part of the soil loosening mechanism 3 in the ditching process, namely, the driving sprocket wheel is driven to carry out shoveling on soil through driving of the driving motor, the outside mounted bucket 4-3 is thrown backwards through clockwise rotation (when the driving bucket 4-3 moves to the side close to the side of the guide column 4-3), and the soil is prevented from falling back to the soil through the steering chassis 1.

It should be noted that the structure of the present invention may be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments, and any equivalent transformation made by those skilled in the art using the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, such as loading and unloading of other articles, are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a ditching device for pipeline laying, includes equipment organism, its characterized in that: the equipment body comprises a cockpit, a walking chassis and a mechanical arm, wherein the walking chassis is arranged at the bottom of the cockpit, the mechanical arm is hinged to the front face of the cockpit, a soil loosening mechanism for ditching is arranged at the working end of the mechanical arm, and a soil sampling mechanism for cleaning ditches is arranged on the front face of the walking chassis.

2. A furrowing device for laying a pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil loosening mechanism comprises a connecting frame, a plurality of driving mechanisms, a drilling tool and a dislocation mechanism, wherein the drilling tool is connected with the driving mechanisms in a transmission mode, the connecting frame is fixed at the working end of the mechanical arm, the driving mechanisms comprise hydraulic motors fixed at the tops of the connecting frame, speed reducers are installed at the hydraulic motors, hollow columns corresponding to the hydraulic motors are fixed at the bottoms of the connecting frame, transmission shafts connected with the output ends of the hydraulic motors are arranged inside the hollow columns, a plurality of transmission boxes are sleeved on the outer surface of each hollow column in a fixed mode, the inner wall of each transmission box is connected with an output shaft through a fixed bearing, and each output shaft is connected with the adjacent transmission shafts in a transmission mode through a right-angle transmission mechanism.

3. A furrowing device for laying a pipeline as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the drilling tool comprises a drilling rod and helical blades, wherein the drilling rod penetrates through the adjacent transmission boxes and is fixedly connected with the output shaft through the warning mechanism, the helical blades are distributed on the surface of the drilling rod along a helical track by a plurality of sector plates, and the diameter value of one end close to the output shaft is larger than that of one end far away from the output shaft.

4. A furrowing device for laying a pipeline as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the warning mechanism comprises a friction coupling, the friction coupling is positioned between a drill rod and an output shaft on the same straight line, a metal ring capable of giving out sharp noise through friction is respectively arranged between a driving shaft and a driven shaft of the friction coupling, and an elastic element is filled between the driving shaft and the adjacent metal ring.

5. A furrowing device for laying a pipeline as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the dislocation mechanism is distributed in every two adjacent actuating mechanism departments in turn, and dislocation mechanism includes two guide posts that are fixed in the link upper surface, and two guide post cover are equipped with the sliding seat of looks adaptation, and the sliding seat is fixed with hollow telescopic cylinder with the link, and the hollow post that is located same vertical line runs through the centre bore of hollow telescopic cylinder and is driven by it.

6. A furrowing device for laying a pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil sampling mechanism comprises a frame, the left and right sides of the frame are hinged with the left and right sides of a walking chassis through pin shafts, a telescopic cylinder for adjusting angles is arranged between the walking chassis and the frame, chain wheels are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inside of the frame through rotating shafts, the two chain wheels are in transmission connection through a transmission chain meshed with the outer surface, a driving motor for driving the chain wheels is fixed on the frame, and buckets for sampling soil are arranged on the outer ring of the transmission chain in an equidistance mode.

7. A furrowing device for laying a pipeline as claimed in claim 6, wherein: one end of the walking chassis, which is close to the top of the frame, is fixed with a guide chute for distributing soil.

8. A furrowing device for laying a pipeline as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the discharge end of baffle box left and right sides all articulates through pin I has the bracing piece, and the one end that baffle box was kept away from to two bracing pieces articulates through pin II respectively has the striker plate, and the bottom of striker plate contacts with soil surface, and vibrating motor is all installed to a side that two striker plates are close to each other, and the outside of every pin II all overlaps and is equipped with rubber damping post.