CN117683958A - Optimization method of scrap steel for converter - Google Patents
Optimization method of scrap steel for converter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117683958A CN117683958A CN202311721766.4A CN202311721766A CN117683958A CN 117683958 A CN117683958 A CN 117683958A CN 202311721766 A CN202311721766 A CN 202311721766A CN 117683958 A CN117683958 A CN 117683958A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- scrap
- scrap steel
- amount
- minimum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 353
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 353
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing scrap steel for a converter, which belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and comprises the steps of firstly determining the minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of scrap steel according to various factors such as the constraint of different products on scrap steel types, scrap steel bulk density, hopper capacity, loading amount and the minimum loading amount in scrap steel loading operation, and constructing a linear programming mathematical model by establishing constraint equations on the aspects of scrap steel loading weight, volume, harmful elements, consumption, minimum loading amount and the like. On the basis, the optimal objective function is established by taking the lowest total cost of the scrap steel as a target, and the optimal addition amount of various scrap steel is obtained by solving a linear programming mathematical model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a method for optimizing scrap steel for a converter.
Background
Scrap steel is one of the main raw materials of converter steelmaking and is also a main component of the total steelmaking cost.
At present, in the scrap steel optimizing method, the domestic patent (202011596778.5) discloses a scrap steel optimizing batching method, a scrap steel optimizing batching system and application thereof, so as to solve the problems that the existing scrap steel managing and controlling method cannot timely and effectively correlate market price fluctuation with scrap steel using effect, cannot ensure economical efficiency and timeliness of scrap steel use and is unfavorable for low-cost steelmaking production.
Meanwhile, the existing scrap steel proportioning model has the following defects: under the actual situation, the influence of harmful elements in the scrap steel cannot be considered, and only certain scrap steel is forbidden to be added to certain steel types, so that the space of the harmful elements in the steel types is not fully utilized, and the cost reduction of the scrap steel is not facilitated. Meanwhile, the environmental protection requirement on the smoke degree of the scrap steel and the smelting process slag melting requirement on the type and the amount of the scrap steel are not considered, and the environmental protection requirement and the smelting stable control are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a optimizing method of scrap steel for a converter, which solves the problems existing in the prior art, namely the technical problem that smelting cost is difficult to effectively control when different scrap steel ingredients are used.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the optimizing method of the scrap steel for the converter comprises the following steps:
according to constraints of different products on scrap types, constraints of scrap bulk specific gravity, hopper capacity and loading amount, minimum loading amount of scrap in each scrap loading operation, constraints of minimum use amount and maximum use amount of scrap determined by comprehensively considering steel grade quality requirements on scrap type and use amount limitation, environmental protection requirements on scrap smoke degree limitation, smelting process slag requirements on scrap type and use amount limitation, various scrap stock conditions and the like, establishing a scrap loading weight constraint equation, a scrap loading volume constraint equation, a scrap harmful element constraint equation, a scrap use amount constraint equation and a scrap minimum loading amount constraint equation; establishing a target equation by taking the lowest total cost of scrap steel as an optimized target function, constructing a linear programming mathematical model according to the target equation, and calculating the addition of various scrap steel, namely a batching list, by the linear programming mathematical model;
the construction process of the linear programming mathematical model is as follows:
(1) The weight constraint equation of the steel scrap is as follows:
wherein W is the total usage amount of waste steel in each furnace, and the measurement unit is ton; i is the type of scrap steel, and the number of scrap steel is m; w (w) i The measurement unit is ton for the use amount of the ith scrap steel.
(2) Constraint conditions of the scrap steel hopper capacity are as follows:
wherein ρ is i The bulk specific gravity of the ith scrap steel is measured in tons/cubic meter; v is the capacity of the scrap steel hopper, and the measurement unit is cubic meters.
(2) The constraint conditions comprise harmful element constraint conditions, wherein the harmful element constraint conditions are as follows:
in CL j And CU i The content lower limit and the content upper limit of the j-th harmful element of the target steel grade are respectively, and the measurement units are respectively; c ij The average content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the unit of;the measurement unit is the fluctuation value of the content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel; y is Y ij The retention coefficient of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the following units; w (W) steel The steel tapping amount is measured in tons;
when the scrap steel material is used as a raw material, the chemical components of the scrap steel material are added into a scrap steel harmful element constraint equation according to the purchasing component requirement range and the actual measured value after sampling and testing as element content values;
(4) The steel scrap consumption constraint equation is as follows:
WL i ≤w i ≤WU i ；
in WL (WL) i And WU i The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the ith scrap steel are respectively, and the measurement unit is ton; the value is determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of steel grade quality on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the limitation of environmental protection requirement on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of slag melting requirement of smelting process on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steel and the like, and WL i ＝WU i The expression of =0 indicates that the use of the ith scrap is prohibited;
(5) The constraint equation of the minimum steel scrap loading amount is as follows:
w i >A i ifw i ＞0；
wherein A is i The minimum charge amount of each scrap steel is measured in tons;
the basic quantity comprises tax-free purchase unit prices of various scrap steels;
(1) The objective function established based on the decision variable and the basic quantity is as follows:
wherein m is i The unit price of the steel scraps is the price of the steel scraps without tax purchase, and the unit of measurement is yuan/ton; beta i The comprehensive metal yield of molten steel is generated for the ith scrap steel, and the measurement unit is;
the planning mathematical model is solved, all calculation processes are completed by computer assistance, and the calculation processes can be controlled remotely through a network, and calculation results can be stored, inquired and output.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the defects existing in the existing method for smelting the steel scraps for the converter, the invention provides an optimization method for the steel scraps for the converter, which comprehensively considers the constraints of different products on the steel scraps, the constraints of the bulk density of the steel scraps, the capacity and the loading amount of a hopper, the minimum loading amount of steel scraps in the steel scraps loading operation, and the constraints of steel scrap quality requirements on the steel scraps, the environment-friendly requirements on the smoke degree of the steel scraps, the slag melting requirements on the steel scraps, the constraints of the steel scraps, the minimum use amount and the maximum use amount of the steel scraps, the constraints of various steel scraps in stock conditions and the like, and establishes a steel scraps loading weight constraint equation, a steel scraps loading volume constraint equation, a steel scraps harmful element constraint equation, a steel scraps loading amount constraint equation and a steel scraps minimum loading amount constraint equation; and establishing a target equation by taking the minimum total cost of scrap steel as an optimization target function, constructing a linear programming mathematical model according to the target equation, and calculating by the linear programming mathematical model to obtain the addition amount of various scrap steel, namely a batching list.
The method is obtained by the specific steps of the optimization method, and is based on a linear programming mathematical model. Thus, the smelting process to be performed can be accurately predicted so as to meet the smelting requirement. The invention takes the reduction of smelting cost as a main optimization target. All calculation processes of the optimized steel scrap batching are completed by the aid of a computer, the calculation processes can be controlled remotely through a network, and calculation results can be stored, inquired and output. Meanwhile, according to the model system constructed by the method, on the premise of meeting the component requirements of molten steel after smelting and the operation process, the scrap steel batching list of various products can be quickly calculated through the linear programming model, the calculation result is quick and accurate, the operability is strong, the steelmaking cost can be effectively saved, the energy consumption is reduced, the influence of human factors is reduced, obvious economic benefits can be obtained, the production efficiency is improved, and the method is easy to popularize.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts, as well as additional concepts described in more detail below, may be considered a part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts are not mutually inconsistent.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present teachings will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying examples. Other additional aspects of the invention, such as features and/or advantages of the exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments according to the teachings of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, are not used for any order, quantity, or importance, but are used for distinguishing between different elements. Also, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, singular forms "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or the like are intended to cover a feature, integer, step, operation, element, and/or component recited as being present in the element or article that "comprises" or "comprising" does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are used only to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
The invention provides a steel scrap optimizing method for a converter, which comprehensively considers the constraints of different products on steel scrap types, the constraints of steel scrap bulk density, hopper capacity and loading amount, the minimum loading amount of steel scrap in each steel scrap loading operation, and the constraints of steel scrap type and loading amount, environment-friendly requirements on steel scrap smoking degree, smelting process slag requirements on steel scrap type and loading amount, and the minimum and maximum loading amount constraints of steel scrap determined by various steel scrap stock conditions and the like, and establishes a steel scrap loading weight constraint equation, a steel scrap loading volume constraint equation, a steel scrap harmful element constraint equation, a steel scrap loading amount constraint equation and a steel scrap minimum loading amount constraint equation; and a target equation is established by taking the lowest total cost of scrap steel as an optimization target function, a linear programming mathematical model is established according to the target equation, and the addition amount of various scrap steel, namely a batching list, is calculated by the linear programming mathematical model, so that the batching cost in actual smelting is effectively controlled, and the smelting cost is effectively reduced.
The following describes the method for optimizing the scrap steel for converter according to the present invention in detail by referring to examples.
Example 1
The optimizing method comprises the following steps:
according to the optimization method, the optimization calculation is carried out by taking scrap steel for producing steel grade A as an example in a 350t converter of a certain steel mill, so as to reduce the cost of scrap steel per ton of molten steel. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, the bulk specific gravity, the comprehensive yield and the purchase price without tax of various waste steel are determined before the calculation of the optimized batching model, and the average content, the fluctuation value and the retention coefficient of various harmful elements in various waste steel are determined. And simultaneously determining the capacity of the scrap steel hopper, and loading the scrap steel into a weight requirement value and a target constraint range of target steel grade elements. And comprehensively considering the limit of steel grade quality requirements on the types and the consumption of the scrap steel, the limit of environmental protection requirements on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limit of smelting process slag melting requirements on the types and the consumption of the scrap steel, and the constraint range of the consumption of various scrap steel determined by the stock conditions of various scrap steel, the minimum loading amount of various scrap steel and the like. Wherein the bulk specific gravity, the comprehensive yield, the unit price of purchase free of tax, the minimum loading amount and the average content, fluctuation value and retention coefficient of each harmful element in each scrap are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 scrap type and related parameters
The capacity of the scrap steel hopper is 70m 3 The total amount of steel scrap used in a single furnace was 80 tons, the amount of steel tapped was 350 tons, and the target constraint ranges of the elements in steel grade A are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 target constraint limits for elements in Steel class A
| Ingredients of ingredients% | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Gr |
| Upper limit of target content% | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.60 |
| Upper limit of target content% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the scrap steel determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of the quality requirement of the steel grade A on the type and the usage amount of the scrap steel, the limitation of the environmental protection requirement on the smoking degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of the slag melting requirement of the smelting process on the type and the usage amount of the scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steels and the like are shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 3 minimum and maximum scrap usage
| Scrap steel code | LCNZT | LCNZG | LWGZG | LWGPL | LWGQD | LWGZF | LCNZH | LCNQT | LWGSI |
| Minimum usage (t) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Maximum usage (t) | 0 | 8 | 5 | 15 | 8 | 15 | 20 | 30 | 30 |
Secondly, a linear programming mathematical model is established, and the optimal objective function of the scrap steel cost is as follows:
wherein m is i The price for the tax free purchase of the ith scrap,the unit of measurement is yuan/ton; beta i The comprehensive metal yield of molten steel generated for the ith scrap steel is measured in%.
Furthermore, a constraint equation is established in turn:
(1) The weight constraint equation of the steel scrap is as follows:
wherein i is the type of scrap steel, and the number of scrap steel is m; w (w) i The measurement unit is ton for the use amount of the ith scrap steel; w is the total usage amount of steel scraps in each furnace, and the measurement unit is ton.
(2) The steel scrap loading volume constraint equation is as follows:
wherein, is the rho i Bulk specific gravity of seed steel scrap, the measurement unit is ton/cubic meter; v is the capacity of the scrap steel hopper, and the measurement unit is cubic meters.
(3) The constraint equation of the scrap steel harmful elements is as follows:
wherein CL is j And CU j The content lower limit and the content upper limit of the j-th harmful element of the target steel grade are respectively, and the measurement units are respectively; c ij The average content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the unit of;the measurement unit is the fluctuation value of the content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel; y is Y ij The retention coefficient of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the following units; w (W) steel The steel tapping amount is measured in tons.
When the scrap steel material is used as a raw material, the chemical components of the scrap steel material are added into a scrap steel harmful element constraint equation according to the purchasing component requirement range and the actual measured value after sampling and testing as element content values.
(4) The steel scrap consumption constraint equation is as follows:
WL i ≤w i ≤WU i
wherein WL (WL) i And WU i The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the ith scrap steel are respectively measured in tons.
The value is determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of steel grade quality on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the limitation of environmental protection requirement on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of slag melting requirement of smelting process on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steel and the like, and WL i ＝WU i The expression =0 indicates that the i-th scrap is prohibited.
(5) The constraint equation of the minimum steel scrap loading amount is as follows:
w i ＞A i ifw i ＞0
wherein A is i For the minimum charge of each scrap, the unit of measurement is ton.
Finally, substituting the parameters and the constraint conditions into an objective function of the planning mathematical model, and solving the planning mathematical model to obtain the addition amount of various scrap steels as shown in the following table 4:
table 4 80 ton scrap steel batching list for steel grade A
| Scrap steel code | LCNZT | LCNZG | LWGZG | LWGPL | LWGQD | LWGZF | LCNZH | LCNQT | LWGSI |
| Usage (t) | 0.0 | 8.0 | 5.0 | 15.0 | 8.0 | 15.0 | 9.8 | 19.2 | 0.0 |
The excellent scrap bill is calculated through the calculation step in the embodiment 1, so that the lowest cost of molten steel generated by scrap steel is 332611 yuan/t when 80 tons of scrap steel is used for smelting steel grade A in a 350t converter.
Example 2
According to the optimization method, the optimization calculation is carried out by taking scrap steel for producing steel grade B as an example in a 350t converter of a certain steel mill, so as to reduce the cost of scrap steel per ton of molten steel. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, the bulk specific gravity, the comprehensive yield and the purchase price without tax of various waste steel are determined before the calculation of the optimized batching model, and the average content, the fluctuation value and the retention coefficient of various harmful elements in various waste steel are determined. And simultaneously determining the capacity of the scrap steel hopper, and loading the scrap steel into a weight requirement value and a target constraint range of target steel grade elements. And comprehensively considering the limit of steel grade quality requirements on the types and the consumption of the scrap steel, the limit of environmental protection requirements on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limit of smelting process slag melting requirements on the types and the consumption of the scrap steel, and the constraint range of the consumption of various scrap steel determined by the stock conditions of various scrap steel, the minimum loading amount of various scrap steel and the like. Wherein the bulk specific gravity, the comprehensive yield, the unit price of purchase free of tax, the minimum loading amount and the average content, fluctuation value and retention coefficient of each harmful element in each scrap are shown in the following table 5.
TABLE 5 scrap type and related parameters
The capacity of the scrap steel hopper is 70m 3 The total amount of steel scrap in a single furnace was 80 tons, the amount of molten steel tapped was 350 tons, and the target constraint ranges of the elements in steel grade B are shown in Table 6 below.
TABLE 6 target constraint limits for elements in Steel class B
| Ingredients of ingredients% | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Gr |
| Upper limit of target content% | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.04 |
| Upper limit of target content% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the scrap steel determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of the quality requirement of the steel grade B on the type and the usage amount of the scrap steel, the limitation of the environmental protection requirement on the smoking degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of the slag melting requirement of the smelting process on the type and the usage amount of the scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steels and the like are shown in the following table 7.
TABLE 7 minimum and maximum scrap usage
| Scrap steel code | LCNZT | LCNZG | LWGZG | LWGPL | LWGQD | LWGZF | LCNZH | LCNQT | LWGSI |
| Minimum usage (t) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Maximum usage (t) | 8 | 0 | 5 | 12 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 25 |
Secondly, a linear programming mathematical model is established, and the optimal objective function of the scrap steel cost is as follows:
wherein m is i The unit price of the steel scraps is the price of the steel scraps without tax purchase, and the unit of measurement is yuan/ton; beta i The comprehensive metal yield of molten steel generated for the ith scrap steel is measured in%.
Furthermore, a constraint equation is established in turn:
(1) The weight constraint equation of the steel scrap is as follows:
wherein i is the type of scrap steel, and the number of scrap steel is m; w (w) i The measurement unit is ton for the use amount of the ith scrap steel; w is the total usage amount of steel scraps in each furnace, and the measurement unit is ton.
(2) The steel scrap loading volume constraint equation is as follows:
wherein, is the rho i Bulk specific gravity of seed steel scrap, the measurement unit is ton/cubic meter; v is the capacity of the scrap steel hopper, and the measurement unit is cubic meters.
(3) The constraint equation of the scrap steel harmful elements is as follows:
wherein CL is j And CU j Respectively are provided withThe content lower limit and the content upper limit of the j-th harmful element of the target steel grade are respectively measured in units; c ij The average content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the unit of;the measurement unit is the fluctuation value of the content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel; y is Y ij The retention coefficient of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the following units; w (W) steel The steel tapping amount is measured in tons.
When the scrap steel material is used as a raw material, the chemical components of the scrap steel material are added into a scrap steel harmful element constraint equation according to the purchasing component requirement range and the actual measured value after sampling and testing as element content values.
(4) The steel scrap consumption constraint equation is as follows:
WL i ≤w i ≤WU i
wherein WL (WL) i And WU i The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the ith scrap steel are respectively measured in tons.
The value is determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of steel grade quality on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the limitation of environmental protection requirement on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of slag melting requirement of smelting process on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steel and the like, and WL i ＝WU i The expression =0 indicates that the i-th scrap is prohibited.
(5) The constraint equation of the minimum steel scrap loading amount is as follows:
w i ＞A i ifw i ＞0
wherein A is i For the minimum charge of each scrap, the unit of measurement is ton.
Finally, substituting the parameters and the constraint conditions into an objective function of the planning mathematical model, and solving the planning mathematical model to obtain the addition amount of various scrap steels as shown in the following table 8:
80 ton scrap steel batching list of table 8 steel grade B
| Scrap steel code | LCNZT | LCNZG | LWGZG | LWGPL | LWGQD | LWGZF | LCNZH | LCNQT | LWGSI |
| Usage (t) | 8.0 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 2.2 | 20.0 | 22.8 | 0.0 |
The excellent scrap bill is calculated through the calculation step in the embodiment 2, so that the lowest cost of molten steel generated by scrap steel is 2733 yuan/t when 80 tons of scrap steel is used for smelting steel grade B in a 350t converter.
Example 3
According to the optimization method, the optimization calculation is carried out by taking scrap steel for producing steel grade B as an example in a 350t converter of a certain steel mill, so as to reduce the cost of scrap steel per ton of molten steel. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, the bulk specific gravity, the comprehensive yield and the purchase price without tax of various waste steel are determined before the calculation of the optimized batching model, and the average content, the fluctuation value and the retention coefficient of various harmful elements in various waste steel are determined. And simultaneously determining the capacity of the scrap steel hopper, and loading the scrap steel into a weight requirement value and a target constraint range of target steel grade elements. And comprehensively considering the limit of steel grade quality requirements on the types and the consumption of the scrap steel, the limit of environmental protection requirements on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limit of smelting process slag melting requirements on the types and the consumption of the scrap steel, and the constraint range of the consumption of various scrap steel determined by the stock conditions of various scrap steel, the minimum loading amount of various scrap steel and the like. Wherein the bulk specific gravity, the comprehensive yield, the unit price of purchase free of tax, the minimum loading amount and the average content, fluctuation value and retention coefficient of each harmful element in each scrap are shown in the following table 9.
TABLE 9 scrap type and related parameters
The capacity of the scrap steel hopper is 70m 3 The total amount of steel scrap used in a single furnace was 40 tons, the amount of steel tapped was 350 tons, and the target constraint ranges for the elements in steel grade B are shown in table 10 below.
TABLE 10 target constraint limits for elements in Steel class B
| Ingredients of ingredients% | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Gr |
| Upper limit of target content% | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.04 |
| Upper limit of target content% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the scrap steel determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of the quality requirement of the steel grade B on the type and the usage amount of the scrap steel, the limitation of the environmental protection requirement on the smoking degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of the slag melting requirement of the smelting process on the type and the usage amount of the scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steels and the like are shown in the following table 11.
TABLE 11 minimum and maximum scrap usage
| Scrap steel code | LCNZT | LCNZG | LWGZG | LWGPL | LWGQD | LWGZF | LCNZH | LCNQT | LWGSI |
| Minimum usage (t) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Maximum usage (t) | 8 | 0 | 5 | 12 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 25 |
Secondly, a linear programming mathematical model is established, and the optimal objective function of the scrap steel cost is as follows:
wherein m is i The unit price of the steel scraps is the price of the steel scraps without tax purchase, and the unit of measurement is yuan/ton; beta i The comprehensive metal yield of molten steel generated for the ith scrap steel is measured in%.
Furthermore, a constraint equation is established in turn:
(2) The weight constraint equation of the steel scrap is as follows:
wherein i is the type of scrap steel, and the number of scrap steel is m; w (w) i The measurement unit is ton for the use amount of the ith scrap steel; w is the total usage amount of steel scraps in each furnace, and the measurement unit is ton.
(2) The steel scrap loading volume constraint equation is as follows:
wherein, is the rho i Bulk specific gravity of seed steel scrap, the measurement unit is ton/cubic meter; v is the capacity of the scrap steel hopper, and the measurement unit is cubic meters.
(3) The constraint equation of the scrap steel harmful elements is as follows:
wherein CL is j And CU j The content lower limit and the content upper limit of the j-th harmful element of the target steel grade are respectively, and the measurement units are respectively; c ij The average content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the unit of;the measurement unit is the fluctuation value of the content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel; y is Y ij The retention coefficient of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the following units; w (W) steel The steel tapping amount is measured in tons.
When the scrap steel material is used as a raw material, the chemical components of the scrap steel material are added into a scrap steel harmful element constraint equation according to the purchasing component requirement range and the actual measured value after sampling and testing as element content values.
(4) The steel scrap consumption constraint equation is as follows:
WL i ≤w i ≤WU i
wherein WL (WL) i And WU i The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the ith scrap steel are respectively measured in tons.
The value is determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of steel grade quality on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the limitation of environmental protection requirement on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of slag melting requirement of smelting process on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steel and the like, and WL i ＝WU i The expression =0 indicates that the i-th scrap is prohibited.
(5) The constraint equation of the minimum steel scrap loading amount is as follows:
w i ＞A i ifw i ＞0
wherein A is i For minimum charge of each scrap, a single is meteredThe position is ton.
Finally, substituting the parameters and the constraint conditions into the objective function of the planning mathematical model, and solving the planning mathematical model to obtain the addition amount of various scrap steels as shown in the following table 12:
80 ton scrap steel batching list of table 12 steel grade B
| Scrap steel code | LCNZT | LCNZG | LWGZG | LWGPL | LWGQD | LWGZF | LCNZH | LCNQT | LWGSI |
| Usage (t) | 8.0 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
The excellent scrap bill is calculated through the calculation step in the embodiment 3, so that the lowest cost of molten steel generated by scrap steel is 2558 yuan/t when 40 tons of scrap steel is used for smelting steel grade B in a 350t converter.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method for optimizing steel scraps for a converter is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
according to the constraints of different products on the types of the scrap steel, the constraints of the bulk specific gravity of the scrap steel, the capacity and the loading amount of a hopper, the minimum loading amount of the scrap steel in each scrap steel loading operation, the constraints of the steel grade quality requirements on the types and the using amount of the scrap steel, the constraints of the environmental protection requirements on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the constraints of the smelting process slag requirements on the types and the using amount of the scrap steel and the constraints of the minimum using amount and the maximum using amount of the scrap steel determined by the stock conditions of various scrap steel, a scrap steel loading weight constraint equation, a scrap steel loading volume constraint equation, a scrap steel harmful element constraint equation, a scrap steel using amount constraint equation and a scrap steel minimum loading amount constraint equation are established; establishing a target equation by taking the lowest total cost of scrap steel as an optimized target function, constructing a linear programming mathematical model according to the target equation, and calculating the addition of various scrap steel, namely a batching list, by the linear programming mathematical model; the construction process of the linear programming mathematical model is as follows:
(1) The weight constraint equation of the steel scrap is as follows:
wherein W is the total usage amount of waste steel in each furnace, and the measurement unit is ton; i is the type of scrap steel, and the number of scrap steel is m; w (w) i The measurement unit is ton for the use amount of the ith scrap steel;
(2) The constraint conditions of the hopper capacity are as follows:
wherein ρ is i The bulk specific gravity of the ith scrap steel is measured in tons/cubic meter; v is the capacity of a scrap steel hopper, and the measurement unit is cubic meters;
(3) The constraint conditions of the harmful elements of the scrap steel are as follows:
in CL j And CU j The content lower limit and the content upper limit of the j-th harmful element of the target steel grade are respectively, and the measurement units are respectively; c ij The average content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the unit of;the measurement unit is the fluctuation value of the content of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel; y is Y ij The retention coefficient of the j-th harmful element in the i-th scrap steel is measured in the following units; w (W) steel The steel tapping amount is measured in tons;
when the scrap steel material is used as a raw material, the chemical components of the scrap steel material are added into a scrap steel harmful element constraint equation according to the purchasing component requirement range and the actual measured value after sampling and testing as element content values;
(4) The steel scrap consumption constraint equation is as follows:
WL i ≤w i ≤WU i ；
in WL (WL) i And WU i The minimum usage amount and the maximum usage amount of the ith scrap steel are respectively, and the measurement unit is ton;
the value is determined by comprehensively considering the limitation of steel grade quality on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the limitation of environmental protection requirement on the smoke degree of the scrap steel, the limitation of slag melting requirement of smelting process on the type and the amount of scrap steel, the stock condition of various scrap steel and the like, and WL i ＝WU i The expression of =0 indicates that the use of the ith scrap is prohibited;
(5) The constraint equation of the minimum steel scrap loading amount is as follows:
w i >A i if w i >0；
wherein A is i The minimum charge amount of each scrap steel is measured in tons;
(5) The objective function is:
wherein m is i The unit price of the steel scraps is the price of the steel scraps without tax purchase, and the unit of measurement is yuan/ton; beta i The comprehensive metal yield of molten steel is generated for the ith scrap steel, and the measurement unit is;
and solving the planning mathematical model, wherein all calculation processes are completed by computer assistance and are remotely controlled through a network.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311721766.4A CN117683958A (en) | 2023-12-14 | 2023-12-14 | Optimization method of scrap steel for converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311721766.4A CN117683958A (en) | 2023-12-14 | 2023-12-14 | Optimization method of scrap steel for converter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117683958A true CN117683958A (en) | 2024-03-12 |
Family
ID=90131568
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311721766.4A Pending CN117683958A (en) | 2023-12-14 | 2023-12-14 | Optimization method of scrap steel for converter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117683958A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-12-14 CN CN202311721766.4A patent/CN117683958A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109583118B (en) | Sintering ratio calculation and sinter cost optimization method | |
| CN104593532B (en) | A kind of ironmaking system furnace charge optimization method | |
| CN110516402B (en) | Method for optimizing scrap steel ingredients of electric arc furnace | |
| CN104164558B (en) | A kind of sintering circuit sinter quality control method | |
| CN108504815A (en) | Automatic control system and its method is added in a kind of converter alloy | |
| CN110669963A (en) | Aluminum alloy casting batching system | |
| CN105734276A (en) | Comprehensive assessment method and comprehensive assessment system for economical efficiency of iron ores for blast furnace process | |
| CN113919206A (en) | Narrow composition control method for steelmaking alloying | |
| CN114091871A (en) | Blast furnace iron-making ore blending method and system | |
| CN110490672A (en) | A kind of calculation method controlling electric furnace smelting cost | |
| CN110322057A (en) | A kind of forecasting system and prediction technique of 100t direct current electric arc furnace tapping carbon component | |
| CN106834593A (en) | A kind of method that RH refining furnace decarbonization process data are determined with reference heats method | |
| CN106636530A (en) | Method for predicting steel-making temperature of converter and server | |
| CN110246547B (en) | Ore blending optimization method in sintering process | |
| CN115565618A (en) | Multi-objective optimization method for blast furnace burden, terminal equipment and storage medium | |
| CN104419799A (en) | Method for online prediction of carbon content of high-carbon steel during converter smelting process | |
| CN110358888B (en) | Converter smelting control device and control method based on reference heat grouping | |
| CN110502781A (en) | A kind of ferroalloy production blending optimization method based on priori knowledge | |
| CN117683958A (en) | Optimization method of scrap steel for converter | |
| CN102054125B (en) | Method for stabilizing chemical constituents of charging agglomerate | |
| Ramanathan | Measurement of technology at the firm level | |
| CN104599076B (en) | A kind of steel production solid waste recycles scheduling system and method | |
| CN107502698A (en) | A kind of automatic Steelmaking method suitable for less-slag melting | |
| CN112131527B (en) | Refined ore blending quality control method for limestone mine in cement plant | |
| CN112749487B (en) | Optimized batching method and system for scrap steel and application of optimized batching method and system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |