CN117682425A - Large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cable laying ships, in particular to a large-angle pitching cable laying portal frame hanging and releasing process, which comprises the steps of carrying out hanging preparation by using a portal crane, lifting a hung object along with a steel cable until the steel cable is clamped to a mouth-shaped limiting structure position, rotating the steel cable inwards and outwards through a luffing cylinder at the outer side of the portal frame, lowering the hung object to the sea floor or recovering the hung object to a deck, and lifting and releasing the hung object through an anti-shaking frame and a travelling wheel, so that the purpose of stably collecting and releasing the hung object is achieved, and the large-angle luffing cable laying portal frame and the sea floor cable laying requirement can be met.

Description

Large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cable laying ships, in particular to a large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting and releasing process.

Background

Submarine cabling engineering is recognized by countries around the world as the most complex and difficult large-scale engineering. One of the difficulties is how to safely and effectively hoist, retract, lay, dig a trench and other equipment devices in the cable laying operation process. At present, the most effective lifting device is a portal crane, and the maximum pitching angle of most portal cranes can only reach about 90 degrees, so that the lifted object is higher from the sea surface and is closer to the ship board when being retracted, and in addition, the lifted object can be unstable due to shaking of the ship caused by factors such as stormy waves and the like in offshore operation, the lifted object cannot be retracted safely and effectively, and even the damage of equipment and the occurrence of safety accidents can be caused. At present, key technologies of a gantry crane retraction system are still monopolized abroad.

Therefore, a need exists for a high angle pitch cable laying gantry lifting process that addresses the above issues, in view of the high angle amplitude of the cable laying gantry and the need for cable laying at the seafloor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, and provides a large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process which can prevent equipment from shaking in the hoisting process and can improve the amplitude changing angle of a portal.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process, which comprises the following steps:

step one, preparation for lifting

The door type crane and the hung object are in place on the cable laying ship, the portal is tilted inward by 55 degrees, the towing steel cable passes through the balance wheel to be connected with two steel cables downwards, and the two steel cables pass through the mouth-shaped limiting structure at the lower end of the anti-sway frame and are connected with two hanging points of the hung object to form a triangle; the hoisted object rises along with the steel cable until the steel cable is clamped to the position of the mouth-shaped limiting structure;

the gantry crane comprises a portal, a beam of the portal is provided with a travelling wheel driven by a driving mechanism in a reciprocating and transverse mode, and the travelling wheel is provided with an anti-shaking frame; an amplitude variable oil cylinder for pushing the portal to rotate is arranged on the outer side of the upright post of the portal;

step two, the hung object is sent to the seabed

Step 2.1, the amplitude variation oil cylinder controls the portal frame to move towards the outboard direction, and the anti-shake frame is combined with the dragging steel cable to retract and release under the action of the adjusting oil cylinder and cooperatively controls the steel cable to be clamped at the position of the mouth-shaped limiting structure all the time; the steel cable is towed to lower the suspended object to reach the designated position on the sea floor, the steel cable allowance is put, then the portal frame is rotated to the 75-degree position in the side, and the towing operation is started;

step three, recovering the suspended object

When the hoisted object is retracted, the cable laying ship drives to the upper part of the hoisted object, the portal frame rotates to the outboard 75 degrees, the hoisted object is hoisted by towing cables to be retracted to the position of the mouth-shaped limiting structure of the steel cable clamp to the anti-shaking frame, the anti-shaking frame is retracted under the action of the adjusting oil cylinder, the portal frame moves to the 55-degree position in the side, and the hoisted object is hoisted by towing the steel cable to the deck.

Further, step 2.1 further includes that when the portal frame reaches 75 degrees of the outboard, the anti-shaking frame is unfolded and lowered to the maximum position under the action of the adjusting oil cylinder, and at the moment, the suspended object enters water.

Further, the two amplitude changing oil cylinders control the portal to rotate and have dead point positions, and the front, rear, upper and lower positions of the twisting points of the amplitude changing oil cylinders on the base at the bottom of the upright post are different, so that the dead point positions of the two amplitude changing oil cylinders are staggered;

when the portal moves to the dead point position of the luffing cylinder on one side, the luffing cylinder on the other side is independently controlled to move; when the amplitude variation oil cylinder on the other side reaches the dead point position, the amplitude variation oil cylinder on the previous side passes through the dead point position and continues to move.

Further, the second step further comprises a step 2.2, and during towing operation, the portal frame is at an inboard limit position, so that acting force of the towing cable on the cruise ship is reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the luffing cylinders on the two sides of the upright post of the portal control the portal to do pitching motion around the bottom twisting point, so that the height of the suspended object from the sea surface and the distance from the ship board are reduced during suspending and releasing; the centre of gravity of the gantry is lowered during towing operation, and the acting force given by the cable when passing through the gantry beam is reduced; meanwhile, the overall manufacturing cost is reduced, the cable laying ship is suitable for cable laying equipment and other heavy equipment devices, and the maximum pitching angle can reach 150 degrees.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a gantry crane structure used in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a right side view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the anti-sloshing frame of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cruise ship of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the back and forth swing of the gantry of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the use of the anti-sloshing frame of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the bottom hinge position of the column of fig. 1.

Wherein: 1. a door frame; 2. a base; 3. a cruise ship; 4. a luffing cylinder; 5. an anti-shake frame; 6. a driving mechanism; 11. a cross beam; 12. a column; 13. a hall sensor; 14. a bracket; 15. a waterproof box; 16. a coupling; 31. a slide cylinder; 32. a roller; 33. ear plates; 34. wear-resistant bushings; 35. a flat key; 36. a sliding sleeve; 37. a U-shaped protective frame; 51. an upper swing frame; 52. a lower swing frame; 53. a double cable stabilizer bar; 54. a single cable stabilizer bar; 55. adjusting an oil cylinder A; 56. an oil cylinder B is adjusted; 57. a supporting leg A; 58. a supporting leg B; 61. a fixed pulley A; 62. a fixed pulley B; 63. a traction cylinder; 64. a locking band; 65. a connecting seat; 66. a rope locking seat; 321. a ring body; 322. a cylinder; 323. an end plate; 324. a slotted ring; 325. reinforcing ribs; 326. bearing bush; 5.1, a mouth-shaped limiting structure; 5.2, a steel cable; and 5.3, hanging objects.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

The invention provides a large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process, which comprises the following steps:

step one, preparation for lifting

The door type crane and the hung object 5.3 are in place on the cable laying ship, the portal frame 1 is tilted inward by 55 degrees, the towing steel cable passes through the balance wheel 3 and is downwards connected with two steel cable ropes 5.2, and the two steel cable ropes 5.2 pass through the mouth-shaped limiting structure 5.1 at the lower end of the anti-shaking frame 5 and are connected with two hanging points of the hung object 5.3 to form a triangle; the hoisted object 5.3 rises along with the steel cable 5.2 until the steel cable 5.2 is clamped to the position of the mouth-shaped limiting structure 5.1;

the portal crane comprises a portal 1, a beam 11 of the portal 1 is provided with a travelling wheel 3 which is driven by a driving mechanism 6 in a reciprocating and transverse direction, and the travelling wheel 3 is provided with an anti-shaking frame 5; the outer side of the upright post 12 of the portal 1 is provided with an amplitude-variable oil cylinder 4 for pushing the portal 1 to rotate;

step two, the hung object is sent to the seabed

Step 2.1, a luffing cylinder 4 controls a portal 1 to move in the outboard direction, and an anti-shaking frame 5 is combined with a towing steel cable to retract and retract under the action of an adjusting cylinder and coordinates to control a steel cable 5.2 to be clamped at the position of a mouth-shaped limiting structure 5.1 all the time; after the towed cable descends the suspended object 5.3 to reach the designated position on the seabed, the steel cable allowance is put, then the gantry 1 rotates to the 75-degree position in the beam, and the towing operation is started;

step three, recovering the suspended object

When the suspended objects 5.3 are retracted, the cable laying ship drives to the upper part of the suspended objects 5.3, the portal frame 1 rotates to the outboard 75 degrees, the towing cable lifts the suspended objects 5.3 to the position of the steel cable 5.2 clamped to the mouth-shaped limiting structure 5.1 of the anti-shaking frame 5, the anti-shaking frame 5 is retracted under the action of the adjusting oil cylinder, the portal frame 1 moves to the inboard 55 degrees, and the steel cable is towed to drop the suspended objects 5.3 to the deck.

The step 2.1 further includes that when the portal frame 1 reaches 75 degrees outboard, the anti-shaking frame 5 is unfolded and lowered to the maximum position under the action of the adjusting oil cylinder, and at the moment, the suspended object 5.3 enters water.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two luffing cylinders 4 control the portal 1 to rotate to have dead-point positions, and the luffing cylinders 4 are different in front, back, up and down positions of twisting points on the base of the bottom of the upright post 12, so that the dead-point positions of the two luffing cylinders 4 are staggered;

when the portal 1 moves to the dead point position of the luffing cylinder 4 on one side, the luffing cylinder 4 on the other side is independently controlled to move; when the other side luffing cylinder 4 reaches the dead point position, the former luffing cylinder 4 has passed the dead point position and continues to move.

In addition, the second step further comprises step 2.2, and during towing operation, the gantry 1 is at an inboard limit position, so that acting force of a towing cable on the cruise ship 3 is reduced.

According to the large-angle pitching cable laying portal hanging and placing process, referring to fig. 1 to 8, the invention also provides a large-angle pitching cable laying portal hanging device, which comprises a portal 1 with a traveling wheel 3, wherein the bottom of a stand column 12 on the portal 1 is coaxially hinged on a base 2; the outer side of the upright post 12 along the transverse direction is provided with an amplitude variation oil cylinder 4; the hinge points of the upper ends of the two amplitude variation oil cylinders 4 and the upright post 12 are in the same transverse direction, and the hinge points of the lower ends of the two amplitude variation oil cylinders 4 and the base 2 are staggered with each other along the longitudinal direction; when one of the luffing cylinders 4 reaches the dead point position, the other luffing cylinder 4 can continuously drive the portal 1 to move.

As shown in fig. 5, two amplitude-variable oil cylinders 4 drive the gantry to reciprocate inward and outward, in the process, one amplitude-variable oil cylinder 4 and the upright post 12 are parallel to reach a dead point position, no acting force is applied to the gantry 1 any more, and the other amplitude-variable oil cylinder 4 continues to act on the gantry 1, so that the gantry 1 cannot stop swinging due to the fact that the amplitude-variable oil cylinder 4 reaches the dead point position, meanwhile, the amplitude-variable angle of the gantry 1 is improved, the amplitude-variable angle of the gantry 1 can reach 150 degrees, namely, the gantry 1 swings 75 degrees inward and outward by taking the vertical direction as a reference, and details are not repeated.

The cross beam 11 and the upright post 12 on the portal frame 1 are connected by adopting flanges so as to be convenient to detach and replace.

As one embodiment of the invention, the cruise ship 3 comprises a slide cylinder 31 coaxially and linearly sliding and sleeved on the cross beam 11, and the outer wall of the slide cylinder 31 is coaxially sealed and rotatably connected with a roller 32; the outer wall of the drum 32 is coaxially provided with a concave ring groove for winding the cable; ear plates 33 are arranged at two ends of the roller 32, and the ear plates 33 are bolted on the sliding drum 31; the ear plate 33 is connected with the driving mechanism 6 through a traction rope and drives the sliding drum 31 to move transversely; the drive mechanism 6 is provided on the upright 12.

In use, as the cable is drawn through the balance wheel 3, the cable engages the concave ring groove of the drum 32. When the cable laying equipment is hung and the cable towing equipment is operated, the roller 32 can roll along with the winding and unwinding of the towing cable, so that the friction resistance of the towing cable is reduced, and the service life and the safety coefficient of the towing cable are prolonged.

During towing operation, the mast 1 is in the maximum elevation state, namely the inboard limit position, and the beam position is the lowest, so that the acting force of the towing steel cable on the cruise ship 3 is small.

As an embodiment of the invention, a wear-resistant lining 34 is arranged between the sliding cylinder 31 and the cross beam 11; the wear-resistant bush 34 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the cross beam 11; a plurality of transverse flat keys 35 are uniformly distributed on the wear-resistant lining 34; the inner wall of the slide 31 is provided with a keyway matching the flat key 35. The overall service life is prolonged through the wear-resistant lining 34, and the wear-resistant lining 34 is made of a wear-resistant plate; the straight sliding of the sliding drum 31 is ensured by the flat key 35, and the shearing resistance of the sliding drum 31 is improved.

The wear-resistant lining 34 may be formed by a plurality of strips uniformly welded on the cross beam 11, and will not be described in detail.

At least three sliding sleeves 36 can be uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the sliding barrel 31, and key grooves matched with the flat keys 35 are formed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeves 36. The sliding sleeve 36 may be welded on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 31, or may be assembled with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 31 by interference fit, which is not described in detail.

As one embodiment of the invention, the roller 32 comprises a ring body 321 with a V-shaped ring groove, the outer sides of two ends of the ring body 321 are welded with a cylinder body 322, the end surface of the cylinder body 322 is provided with an end plate 323, and the inner side of the end plate 323 is provided with a groove-shaped ring 324 for placing a sealing ring; the ring body 321, the cylinder 322, the end plate 323 and the groove-shaped ring 324 are welded into a whole through a plurality of reinforcing ribs 325; the inner wall of the ring 321 is coaxially bolted with a bearing bush 326, and the bearing bush 326 is sleeved on the slide cylinder 2.

Through adopting the axle bush 326 for cylinder 323 can rotate relative smooth section of thick bamboo 31, through the contact of sealing washer and smooth section of thick bamboo 31, can prevent that outside liquid from carrying out the inside and causing the corruption of cylinder 32, improve the life of cylinder 32, overall structure is compact and satisfy intensity of use, reduced manufacturing cost.

As an embodiment of the invention, the drive mechanism 6 is on the same side as the ear plate 33; the driving mechanism 6 comprises a fixed pulley A61, a rope locking seat 66 and a fixed pulley B62 pushed by a traction oil cylinder 63; the fixed pulley A61 and the rope locking seat 66 are arranged at the top of the upright post 12; the body of the traction cylinder 63 is fixed on the upright post 12; the fixed pulley B62 is positioned right below the fixed pulley A61; one end of the traction rope is fixed on the lug plate 33, and the other end sequentially surrounds the fixed pulley A61 and the fixed pulley B62 along the transverse direction and the vertical direction and is fixed on the rope locking seat 66; when the traction cylinder 63 extends, the fixed sheave B62 can move toward the fixed sheave a 61.

The top of the traction cylinder 63 is fastened to the upright 12 by a locking band 64; the bottom of the traction cylinder 63 is hinged to a connecting seat 65, and the connecting seat 65 is fixed on the upright post 12, which is not described in detail.

The traction rope is controlled to pull the balance wheel 3 to move left and right along the cross beam 11 through the extension and contraction of the traction oil cylinder 63. When the laid cable is conveyed from one side of the outboard to slide into the sea, the cable laying device lifted by the towing cable can be moved above the laid cable on the other side of the outboard through the cruise wheel 3; meanwhile, the moving range of the cruise ship is enlarged and the safety performance is improved under the condition of ensuring that the length of the cross beam 11 is not changed.

As an embodiment of the invention, the outer wall of the sliding drum 31 is also provided with a U-shaped protective frame 37 through which the cable passes; the U-shaped protective frame 37 prevents the cable from being thrown out after breakage, especially by operators in the field.

In addition, the outer wall of the sliding drum 31 may be further provided with an anti-shake frame 5, the anti-shake frame 5 includes an upper swing frame 51, a lower swing frame 52, a double-cable stabilizer 53 and a single-cable stabilizer 54, two ends of the top of the upper swing frame 51 are hinged on the sliding drum 31, the bottom of the upper swing frame 51 is hinged with the top of the lower swing frame 52, the bottom of the lower swing frame 52 is transversely provided with the double-cable stabilizer 53 and the single-cable stabilizer 54, the middle of the double-cable stabilizer 53 is recessed to form a trapezoid groove, and the groove wall of the trapezoid groove is obliquely arranged, so that the trapezoid groove is of a mouth-shaped limiting structure 5.1 with a big top and a small bottom. An adjusting oil cylinder A55 is hinged between the two sides of the upper swing frame 51 and the sliding cylinder 31, and an adjusting oil cylinder B56 is hinged between the two sides of the upper swing frame 51 and the lower swing frame 52.

The sliding cylinder 31 is provided with a supporting leg A57 and a supporting leg B58 which are distributed at right angles, wherein the supporting leg A57 is against the lug plate 33, and the supporting leg B58 is positioned right below the sliding cylinder 31; the upper swing frame 51 is hinged with the supporting leg A57, and two ends of the adjusting oil cylinder A55 are respectively hinged with the upper swing frame 51 and the supporting leg B58. As shown in fig. 4, when the double-cable is used, the two cables are respectively abutted to the outer groove wall of the trapezoid groove, so that the suspended object is effectively prevented from shaking, the working efficiency, the service life and the safety performance of the cable laying door frame are improved, and the cable laying door frame is suitable for more complex operation sea conditions.

As shown in fig. 8, a hall sensor 13 may be further disposed at the bottom of the upright post 12 of the gantry 1, the hall sensor 13 is connected with a hinged spindle at the bottom of the upright post 12 by using a coupling 16, the hall sensor 13 is mounted on a bracket 14, the hall sensor 13 is wrapped by using a waterproof box 15, and the bracket 14 is fixed on the upright post 12, so that the rotation angle of the gantry 1 is detected by the hall sensor 13 to control the adjusting oil cylinder a55 and the adjusting oil cylinder B56, so that the suspended object is in a vertical state, and the cable laying is facilitated.

The present invention may be summarized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The above-described embodiments of the invention are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (4)

1. The large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, preparation for lifting

The door type crane and the hung object (5.3) are in place on the cable laying ship, the portal frame (1) is tilted inward by 55 degrees, the towing steel cable passes through the balance wheel (3) to be connected with two steel cable ropes (5.2) downwards, and the two steel cable ropes (5.2) pass through the mouth-shaped limiting structure (5.1) at the lower end of the anti-shaking frame (5) and are connected with two hanging points of the hung object (5.3) to form a triangle; the hoisted object (5.3) rises along with the steel cable (5.2) until the steel cable (5.2) is clamped to the position of the mouth-shaped limiting structure (5.1);

the gantry crane comprises a gantry (1), a beam (11) of the gantry (1) is provided with a travelling wheel (3) which is driven by a driving mechanism (6) in a reciprocating and transverse mode, and the travelling wheel (3) is provided with an anti-shaking frame (5); an amplitude-variable oil cylinder (4) for pushing the portal (1) to rotate is arranged on the outer side of the upright post (12) of the portal (1);

step two, the hung object is sent to the seabed

Step 2.1, a luffing cylinder (4) controls a portal frame (1) to move towards the outboard direction, and an anti-shaking frame (5) is combined with dragging a steel cable to be retracted and released under the action of an adjusting cylinder and coordinates to control the steel cable (5.2) to be clamped at the position of a mouth-shaped limiting structure (5.1) all the time; the steel cable is towed to drop the suspended object (5.3) to reach the designated position on the sea floor, then the steel cable allowance is dropped, and then the gantry (1) is rotated to the 75-degree position in the side of the ship, and the towing operation is started;

step three, recovering the suspended object

When the suspended objects (5.3) are retracted, the cable laying ship drives to the upper part of the suspended objects (5.3), the gantry (1) rotates to the outboard 75 degrees, the towing cable lifts the suspended objects (5.3) to the position of the steel cable rope (5.2) clamped to the mouth-shaped limiting structure (5.1) of the anti-shaking frame (5), the anti-shaking frame (5) is retracted under the action of the adjusting oil cylinder, the gantry (1) moves to the inboard 55 degrees position, and the steel cable is towed to lower the suspended objects (5.3) to the deck.

2. The large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process according to claim 1, wherein the step 2.1 further comprises the step that when the portal (1) reaches 75 degrees outboard, the anti-shaking frame (5) is unfolded and lowered to the maximum position under the action of the adjusting oil cylinder, and the hoisted object (5.3) enters water.

3. The large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process according to claim 1 is characterized in that the portal (1) is controlled by two luffing cylinders (4) to rotate to have dead point positions, and the luffing cylinders (4) are different in front, back, up and down positions of twisting points on a base at the bottom of the upright post (12), so that the dead point positions of the two luffing cylinders (4) are staggered;

when the portal frame (1) moves to the dead point position of the luffing cylinder (4) on one side, the luffing cylinder (4) on the other side is independently controlled to move; when the amplitude-changing oil cylinder (4) on the other side reaches the dead point position, the amplitude-changing oil cylinder (4) on the previous side passes the dead point position and continues to move.

4. The large-angle pitching cable laying portal hoisting process according to claim 1, wherein the second step further comprises step 2.2, and the portal (1) is at an inboard limit position during towing operation, so that the acting force of a towing cable on the cruise ship (3) is reduced.