CN117675774A - Streaming media data transmission method and device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Streaming media data transmission method and device and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a streaming media data transmission method and device and electronic equipment, and particularly relates to the technical field of communication. Caching target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data; counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data; and when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, using a multicast protocol to send the cache stream media data to the user terminals. According to the method, the load of repeated request target streaming media data on a network channel is reduced by caching streaming media data, and then the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data is counted, when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, the cached streaming media data is sent to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol, so that the one-to-many transmission characteristic of the multicast protocol can be utilized, and further, when the streaming media data are obtained by multiple users in parallel, the network load is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting streaming media data, and an electronic device.
Background
With the development of communication technology, most enterprises start to hold the enterprise conference through video conferences and live video broadcasting, so as to improve the working efficiency. However, in a video conference held by an enterprise, because the number of people watching the video is large, the video definition requirement is high, and a large amount of enterprise bandwidth resources are occupied easily when video transmission is performed, for example, when high-definition videos are simultaneously watched by multiple users, a large load is brought to a network, and user experience is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a method, an apparatus, and an electronic device for transmitting streaming media data, so as to solve the problem of poor user experience caused by an increase in network load when multiple users acquire streaming media data concurrently.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a streaming media data transmission method, including:
caching the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data;
counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data;
and when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, using a multicast protocol to send the cache stream media data to the user terminals.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the buffering the target streaming media data includes:
upon receiving an acquisition request for the target streaming media data, determining whether a buffering condition of the target streaming media data is satisfied, the buffering condition including at least one of: requesting the number of user terminals of the target streaming media data and the buffer resource allowance;
and if the cache condition of the target streaming media data is met, acquiring the target streaming media data stored in a target server, and caching the target streaming media data.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the streaming media data transmission method further includes:
after the target streaming media data is cached, if the user terminal is detected to request the target streaming media data, an address redirection request is sent to the user terminal, wherein the address redirection request is used for adjusting the original positioning address of the target streaming media data to the address of the cached streaming media data.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, before the counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming data, the streaming data transmission method further includes:
acquiring target data quality of target streaming media data requested by the user terminal, wherein the target data quality comprises at least one of data definition and data integrity;
and if the data quality of the cached target streaming media data does not meet the target data quality, transcoding the cached target streaming media data according to the target data quality to obtain streaming media data meeting the target data quality.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, after transcoding the buffered target streaming media data according to the target data quality, the streaming media data transmission method further includes:
and adjusting the original positioning address of the target streaming media data into the positioning address of the streaming media data obtained after transcoding.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the sending, by using a multicast protocol, buffered streaming media data to the user terminal includes:
judging whether the resource allowance of a multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity or not;
and if the resource allowance of the multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity, sending the cache stream media data to the user terminal by using the multicast protocol.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the sending, by using a multicast protocol, buffered streaming media data to the user terminal further includes:
sending a multicast conversion application to the user terminal, wherein the multicast conversion application comprises a cache stream media data address;
and receiving the multicast request sent by the user terminal, and sending the cache stream media data to the user terminal according to the cache stream media data address.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a streaming media data transmission device, including:
the caching module is used for caching the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data;
the strategy module is used for counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data;
and the communication module is used for sending the cache stream media data to the user terminal by using a multicast protocol when the number of the user terminals meets the number of the preset user terminals.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including: the streaming media data transmission method in any one of the above embodiments is implemented by the processor executing the computer instructions.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the streaming media data transmission method according to any one of the above embodiments.
The technical scheme that this application provided has following beneficial effect:
and caching the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data, counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data, and sending the cached streaming media data to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number. According to the method, the load of repeated request target streaming media data on a network channel is reduced by caching streaming media data, and then the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data is counted, when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, the cached streaming media data is sent to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol, so that the one-to-many transmission characteristic of the multicast protocol can be utilized, and further, when the streaming media data are obtained by multiple users in parallel, the network load is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way, in which:
fig. 1 is an application scenario schematic diagram of a streaming media data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a streaming media data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an implementation of step S1 in the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 2;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another implementation of the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of still another implementation of the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of step S32 in the streaming media data transmission method according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of still another implementation of the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a streaming media data interaction diagram based on the streaming media data transmission method provided in FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a streaming media data transmission device provided in the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a streaming media data transmission device according to an alternative embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described examples are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Furthermore, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present application and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the streaming media data may be streaming media video data, streaming media audio data or other streaming media type data, and the corresponding streaming media data may be stored in a corresponding server, for example: the video server, the audio/video session server, or the like may be a terminal device corresponding to a request for streaming media data. The terminal device can perform data communication with a server corresponding to the requested streaming media data through the internet and play the streaming media data transmitted by the server, wherein the terminal device can comprise internet devices such as a personal computer, a smart phone (such as an Android mobile phone, an iOS mobile phone and the like), a tablet personal computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device (MID, mobile Internet Devices) or a wearable intelligent device.
With the development of technology, most enterprises start to hold large-scale enterprise conferences through video conferences and video live broadcasting modes, so that personnel aggregation is reduced, and execution efficiency is improved. Most of video conferences or live broadcast of enterprises depend on third party platforms (such as YY voice, tech conference and other application programs), so that when the number of people watching in the enterprise network is too large and the video definition requirement of live broadcast video is high, if streaming media resource transmission is carried out by adopting a traditional method (such as unicast), a large amount of bandwidth resources of network ports or network channels are occupied, and the use of other services or functions is affected. When multiple users concurrently send data, network load and hardware load are increased, which causes video delay, blocking and the like to occur when the users watch high-definition videos, and seriously affects user experience.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application proposes a streaming media data transmission method, as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic application scenario diagram of the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The application scenario provided in fig. 1 includes a request device, a request forwarding device and a requested device, where the request device includes a plurality of user terminals, the request forwarding device includes a router, and the requested device includes a target server and a streaming media data transmission apparatus.
In the application scenario, a plurality of user terminals request streaming media data from a requested device through a router. It should be noted that, the requested device is a target server and a streaming media data transmission device in the dashed line frame in fig. 1, where in the application scenario, the streaming media data transmission device obtains cached streaming media data from the target server by implementing the streaming media data transmission method provided in the application scenario, and when the number counted by the streaming media data transmission device meets the preset number, the plurality of user terminals send the cached streaming media data, so that when the plurality of user terminals acquire the streaming media data concurrently, the network load is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a flowchart of a streaming media data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, in the present application, a streaming media data transmission device is taken as an execution body, and a streaming media data transmission method provided in the present application is described, where the streaming media data transmission method provided in the present application includes the following steps:
s1, caching the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data.
In this embodiment, the target streaming media data may be streaming video data or streaming audio data sent by the target server. The buffered streaming media data may be data for storing the target streaming media data in the streaming media data transmission device, for example: and caching the recorded broadcast video in the streaming media data transmission device.
After the user terminal sends out the request for the target streaming media data, the streaming media data transmission device receives the request for the target video data, and according to the request for the target streaming media data, the streaming media data transmission device obtains the target streaming media data stored in the target server and caches the target streaming media data to obtain the cached streaming media data.
S2, counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data.
In this embodiment, the streaming media data transmission device receives a target streaming media data request sent by a user terminal, and counts the number of user terminals that send the target streaming media data request.
And S3, when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, sending the cache stream media data to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol.
In this embodiment, when the number of user terminals satisfies the preset number, it indicates that the current network bandwidth or the current network load is large. In order to reduce the current network load, the streaming media data transmission device can convert the current media streaming transmission mode into a multicast protocol, and reduce the current network load, improve the data transmission efficiency and reduce the possibility of network congestion by utilizing the one-to-many transmission characteristic of the multicast protocol when multi-user concurrency is carried out on the cached streaming media data, wherein the preset number is more than or equal to 2.
According to the streaming media data transmission method, the target streaming media data is cached to obtain the cached streaming media data, the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data is counted, and when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, the cached streaming media data is sent to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol. According to the method, the load of repeated request target streaming media data on a network channel is reduced by caching streaming media data, and then the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data is counted, when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, the cached streaming media data is sent to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol, so that the one-to-many transmission characteristic of the multicast protocol can be utilized, and further, when the streaming media data are obtained by multiple users in parallel, the network load is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, a flowchart of a specific implementation of step S1 in the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 may include:
s11, when an acquisition request for target streaming media data is received, determining whether a caching condition of the target streaming media data is met, wherein the caching condition comprises at least one of the following: the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data, and the buffer resource margin.
In this embodiment, when the streaming media data transmission device receives an acquisition request for target streaming media data, it needs to determine whether there is a margin in the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data and/or in the streaming media data transmission device, and when the number of user terminals satisfies the buffering condition, and/or there is a margin in the buffering resource, and when the buffering resource margin can store the target streaming media data, the streaming media data transmission device may buffer the target streaming media data, otherwise, the target streaming media data does not satisfy the buffering condition.
For example: when the buffering condition of the target streaming media data is that the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data is greater than 1, the process of obtaining the buffered streaming media data by the streaming media data transmission device may be:
when the streaming media data transmission device receives requests for playing target videos sent by a plurality of user terminals, and the number of the user terminals for receiving the requests by the streaming media data transmission device meets a buffering condition (for example, the number of the user terminals is equal to 2, and the number of the user terminals meets the buffering condition), the streaming media data transmission device extracts the target videos from the target server and stores the target videos (namely, target streaming media data) to obtain buffered streaming media data.
Also for example: when the buffering condition of the target streaming media data is that the buffering resource allowance of the request target streaming media data is more than 20% of the actual storage amount of the buffering resource, the process of obtaining the buffering streaming media data by the streaming media data transmission device may be:
according to priori knowledge (buffer resource reference quantity obtained through limited experiments), buffer resource allowance in the streaming media data transmission device is set (for example, the buffer resource allowance is larger than 20% of the actual storage quantity of the buffer resource), and when the buffer allowance in the streaming media data transmission device is larger than 20% of the actual storage quantity of the buffer resource, the storage capacity of the streaming media data transmission device can buffer the target streaming media data.
And S12, if the cache condition of the target streaming media data is met, the target streaming media data stored in the target server is obtained, and the target streaming media data is cached.
S13, if the buffer condition of the target streaming media data is not met, the user terminal needs to acquire the target streaming media data from the target server storing the target streaming media data.
According to the streaming media data transmission method, the buffering condition of the target streaming media data is set, and when the buffering condition is met, the streaming media data transmission device buffers the target streaming media data, so that the scheduling of data resources is reasonable, and the user requirements are met flexibly.
For example: when the number of the user terminals is 1, the user terminals can directly acquire the target streaming media data from the target server without passing through the streaming media data transmission device.
Optionally, the buffering condition of the target streaming media data may be determined by the number of terminal devices requesting the target streaming media data by the user terminal, and when the number of the terminal devices is greater than a preset number Tc, the streaming media data transmission device buffers the target streaming media data, where Tc is greater than or equal to 2.
Optionally, the buffer condition of the target streaming media data may also be the same factor of the streaming media content requested by the user, buffer resource, and so on.
In the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application, after executing the step S1, the method may further include:
after the streaming media data is cached, if the streaming media data transmission device detects that the user terminal requests the streaming media data, an address redirection request is sent to the user terminal, wherein the address redirection request is used for adjusting the original positioning address of the streaming media data to the address of the cached streaming media data.
In this embodiment, the redirection request includes an address for caching streaming media data, when the streaming media data transmission device caches target streaming media data and detects that the user terminal requests the target streaming media data, in order to ensure that the user terminal can accurately acquire the requested streaming media data, the streaming media data transmission device needs to send an address redirection request to the user terminal, and adjusts an original positioning address of the user terminal requesting the target streaming media data to the address for caching streaming media data, so as to ensure that the user terminal can accurately acquire the streaming media data.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of another implementation of the streaming media data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, the streaming media data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application includes the following steps:
s15, obtaining target data quality of target streaming media data requested by the user terminal, wherein the target data quality comprises at least one of data definition and data integrity.
S16, if the data quality of the cached target streaming media data does not meet the target data quality, transcoding the cached target streaming media data according to the target data quality to obtain streaming media data meeting the target data quality.
And S17, if the data quality of the cached target streaming media data meets the target data quality, executing the step S3.
In this embodiment, when the definition of the data quality of the target streaming media data buffered by the streaming media data transmission device is consistent with the definition of the target data of the target streaming media data requested by the user terminal, the streaming media data transmission device transcodes the buffered definition of the data quality of the target streaming media data so that the definition of the data quality of the target streaming media data buffered by the streaming media data transmission device is consistent with the definition of the target data of the target streaming media data requested by the user terminal.
For example: the definition of the data quality of the target streaming media data buffered by the streaming media data transmission device is 1080P, the user terminal requests the target data definition 720P of the target streaming media data, and in order to meet the user's needs, the streaming media data transmission device transcodes the buffered target streaming media data to enable the definition pair 1080P of the original buffered target streaming media data to be transcoded into 720P.
In this embodiment, in order to reasonably perform resource scheduling, a data transmission mode with highest data transmission efficiency is preferentially selected. Therefore, when the data quality of the cached target streaming media data meets the target data quality, the data transmission can be performed by using a unicast protocol, and the cached streaming media data is sent to the user terminal by using the unicast protocol by the target server or the streaming media data transmission device, so that the resource scheduling is reasonably performed, and the data transmission mode with the highest data transmission efficiency is preferentially selected.
In this embodiment, after transcoding the buffered target streaming media data according to the target data quality, the method further includes:
and adjusting the original positioning address of the target streaming media data into the positioning address of the streaming media data obtained after transcoding.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure that modification of the positioning address occurs during the transcoding of the target streaming media data, and in order to enable the user terminal to obtain the requested streaming media data, the original positioning address of the target streaming media data needs to be adjusted to the positioning address of the streaming media data obtained after transcoding.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of another implementation of the streaming media data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present application, where the streaming media data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present application further includes the following steps:
s31, judging whether the resource allowance of the multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity.
And S32, if the resource allowance of the multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity, using the multicast protocol to send the cache stream media data to the user terminal.
And S33, if the resource allowance of the multicast channel in the multicast protocol does not meet the preset resource transmission quantity, the target server is used for transmitting the target streaming media data by using the unicast protocol.
In this embodiment, whether a multicast protocol is needed for data transmission in network data transmission mainly depends on the number of applications applied by the user terminal, and when the number of applications applied by the user terminal is greater than a certain threshold Tr, the default unicast protocol of the user terminal can be converted into the multicast protocol.
Optionally, because the multicast protocol is used for data transmission, bandwidth resources of the network are limited, when the user terminal applies that the number of the same stream media data in the same target server is greater than Tr, and the network channel corresponding to the multicast protocol has residual resources, that is, when two conditions are met simultaneously, unicast can be converted into multicast.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of another implementation of step S32 in the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of fig. 5, where the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes the following steps:
s32a, sending a multicast conversion application to the user terminal, wherein the multicast conversion application comprises a cache stream media data address.
S32b, receiving the multicast request sent by the user terminal, and sending the cache stream media data to the user terminal according to the cache stream media data address.
Optionally, after the step S3 is performed, operations of releasing the buffer resource, the transcoding resource, the multicast resource, and the like may also be performed in the streaming media data transmission device.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of another implementation of the streaming media data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7-8. Fig. 8 is a streaming media data interaction diagram based on the streaming media data transmission method provided in fig. 7. In this embodiment, a specific use of the streaming media data transmission method will be described in conjunction with the implementation method provided in the above embodiment. The streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment is applied to an enterprise network, and in the process of using the enterprise network to transmit streaming media data, data interaction among a plurality of user terminals, routers/switches, streaming media data transmission devices and a target server can be involved, and a specific application scenario diagram can be referred to fig. 1.
It should be noted that fig. 1 is a simplified application scenario diagram. In an actual enterprise network, the requests of the plurality of user terminals can sequentially request the streaming media data from the target server through the wireless access point, the wireless access control server/the common route/the common switch, the core switch, the streaming media data transmission device, the enterprise gateway and the cloud network. However, in this embodiment, the data interaction process between the user terminal, the streaming media data transmission device and the target server is mainly focused, so in this embodiment, the detailed description of the streaming media data transmission process data on the forwarding device is not involved, and those skilled in the art should understand that in this embodiment, the access of the wireless access point, the wireless access control server/router, the core switch enterprise gateway and the cloud network is only required to ensure that the streaming media data can be normally transmitted.
The embodiment of the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application relates to data interaction among a streaming media data transmission device, a user terminal and a target server, and specifically referring to fig. 7 or 8, the streaming media data transmission method includes the following steps:
and S40, the streaming media data transmission device caches the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data.
In this step, the step S40 may be composed of steps S41 to S43, and the specific implementation method of steps S41 to S43 may be:
s41, when receiving the acquisition request of the user terminal for the target streaming media data of the target server, the streaming media data transmission device determines whether the buffering condition of the target streaming media data is met.
S42, if the streaming media data transmission device determines that the buffering condition of the target streaming media data is met, the streaming media data transmission device acquires the target streaming media data stored in the target server, and the streaming media data transmission device buffers the target streaming media data.
S43, if the streaming media data transmission device determines that the buffering condition of the target streaming media data is not satisfied, the user terminal needs to acquire the target streaming media data from the target server storing the target streaming media data.
S44, after buffering the target streaming media data, if detecting that the user terminal requests the target streaming media data, the streaming media data transmission device sends an address redirection request to the user terminal.
S45, the streaming media data transmission device acquires the target data quality of the target streaming media data requested by the user terminal, and judges whether the data quality of the target streaming media data cached by the streaming media data transmission device meets the target data quality.
S46, if the data quality of the target streaming media data buffered by the streaming media data transmission device does not meet the target data quality, the streaming media data transmission device transcodes the buffered target streaming media data according to the target data quality to obtain streaming media data meeting the target data quality, otherwise, step S48 is executed.
S47, after transcoding the cached target streaming media data according to the target data quality, the streaming media data transmission device adjusts the original positioning address of the target streaming media data to the positioning address of the streaming media data obtained after transcoding.
S48, the stream media data transmission device counts the number of the user terminals requesting the target stream media data, and judges whether the number of the user terminals meets the preset number.
And S49, when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, the streaming media data transmission device uses a multicast protocol to send the cached streaming media data to the user terminals, otherwise, the step S43 is executed.
In step S49, step S49 may further include steps S410 to S411, and the specific implementation method of steps S410 to S411 may further be:
s410, the stream media data transmission device judges whether the resource allowance of the multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity.
S411, if the resource allowance of the multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity, the streaming media data transmission device uses the multicast protocol to send the cached streaming media data to the user terminal, otherwise, the step S43 is executed.
In step S411, step S411 may consist of step S412 to step S413 (i.e., in fig. 8, step S412 to step S413 replace step S411), and the specific implementation method of step S412 to step S413 may be:
s412, the stream media data transmission device sends a multicast conversion application to the user terminal, wherein the multicast conversion application comprises a buffer storage stream media data address.
S413, the streaming media data transmission device receives the multicast request sent by the user terminal and sends the cached streaming media data to the user terminal according to the cached streaming media data address.
According to the streaming media data transmission method, the load of repeated request target streaming media data on a network channel is reduced by caching streaming media data, and then the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data is counted, when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, the cached streaming media data is sent to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol, so that the one-to-many transmission characteristic of the multicast protocol can be utilized, and further, when multiple users acquire the streaming media data in a concurrent mode, the network load is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
For ease of understanding, in the embodiment of the present application, the streaming media data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described by taking the case that the user terminal UTc and the user terminal UTr request the same streaming media data str_t as an example.
Specifically, when the user terminal UTc and the user terminal UTr request the same stream media data str_t to meet the preset buffering condition, the stream media data transmission device converts the unicast protocol of the stream media data str_t into the multicast protocol for transmitting the stream media data str_t.
Specifically, in the application for the streaming media data str_t, when the number of the user terminals (for example, the user terminal UTc and the user terminal UTr) applying for the streaming media data str_t recorded by the streaming media data transmission device is 1, the streaming media data transmission device will not perform the address redirection operation when the data buffering condition is not satisfied.
When the number of the user terminals applying for the streaming media str_t reaches a buffering condition, that is, the number of the user terminals applying for the same streaming media data str_t recorded by the streaming media data transmission device is 2, the streaming media data transmission device needs to redirect the address of the request target streaming media in all the user terminals applying for the streaming media str_t to the buffering address of the streaming media data transmission device of the streaming media buffering and distribution device.
When the same streaming media STR_T is requested by the terminal user, the streaming media reaches the preset condition that the preset unicast is converted into the multicast, the communication module in the streaming media data transmission device initiates the application of converting the unicast stream into the multicast stream to the user terminal UTc and the user terminal UTr, and the request contains the IGMP/MLD protocol used for constructing the multicast and the additional information thereof.
After the user terminals UTc and UTr successfully establish the multicast stream with the streaming media cache offload device, the user terminals UTc and UTr tear down the unicast stream. If the user terminals UTc and UTr and the streaming buffer splitting device cannot successfully establish the multicast stream, the user terminals UTc and UTr continue the unicast stream.
After the user terminal UTc and the user terminal UTr both complete streaming media str_t transmission with the streaming media buffer splitting device, the streaming media buffer splitting device applies for ending releasing the multicast resources to the user terminal UTc and the user terminal UTr, and empties the buffer resources in the streaming media buffer splitting device so as to release the resources for the streaming media data from the subsequent unicast to the multicast.
It should be further understood that the sequence numbers of the steps in the above embodiments do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by the functions and the internal logic, and should not be construed as limiting the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a streaming media data transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the streaming media transmission device according to the embodiment may be applied to a medium-and large-sized enterprise networking environment, and implementing the method in the enterprise networking may include a plurality of user terminals, such as: cell phones, tablets, personal computers, etc.; the system comprises a plurality of network nodes, a server, a switch and a router, an enterprise gateway and a streaming media transmission device arranged between the enterprise gateway and the switch, wherein the streaming media transmission device comprises:
and the caching module 1 is used for caching the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data.
In this embodiment, the buffer module may also be used to buffer and store, and issue streaming video.
And the strategy module 2 is used for counting the number of the user terminals requesting the target streaming media data.
In this embodiment, the policy module may be responsible for managing the setting of a caching policy for the streaming media, a caching policy decision for the unicast streaming media, and a policy decision for multicast conversion.
And the communication module 3 is used for sending the cache stream media data to the user terminals by using a multicast protocol when the number of the user terminals meets the number of the preset user terminals.
In this embodiment, the communication module may also be responsible for communication protocols, address redirection, and multicast protocol conversion that interact with the user terminal.
According to the streaming media transmission device provided by the embodiment, the buffer module 1 is used for acquiring the buffer streaming media data, so that the load caused by repeated request of target streaming media data to a network channel when multi-user concurrency is carried out can be reduced, secondly, the load when streaming media data transmission is carried out can be further reduced, the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data is counted through the strategy module 2, when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, the communication module 3 is used for sending the buffer streaming media data to the user terminals, and the one-to-many transmission characteristic of the multicast protocol is utilized, so that the network load is further reduced when the multi-user concurrency acquires the streaming media data, and the user experience is improved.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a streaming media data transmission device according to an alternative embodiment of the present application, where the streaming media data transmission device provided in the present application may be disposed inside an enterprise network, and identify and distribute streaming media services in the enterprise through a switch. The streaming media data transmission device provided by the application can further comprise:
the transcoding module 4 is responsible for transcoding streaming video, and converts high definition into low definition streaming data.
The management module 5 is configured to manage a buffer space, a transcoding resource, a buffer efficiency, and a streaming media distribution efficiency of the streaming media data transmission device.
Optionally, the streaming media data transmission device provided by the embodiment of the application is suitable for a large and medium-sized enterprise networking environment, and in the environment, the streaming media data transmission device caches the same unicast streaming media which are concurrent by a plurality of users and converts the unicast requests of the concurrent users into the multicast streaming media. The method and the device have the advantages that under the scene of enterprise networking, multiple users can watch live scenes of high-definition videos simultaneously in high concurrency, and better high-definition video service experience can be provided for the users. And meanwhile, the network outlet bandwidth of enterprises is saved.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 11, which may include a processor 6 and a memory 7, where the processor 6 and the memory 7 may be connected by a bus or other means, and in fig. 11, the connection is exemplified by a bus.
The processor 6 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU). The processor may also be any other general purpose processor, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.
The memory 6 is used as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, and may be used to store a non-transitory software program, a non-transitory computer executable program, and modules, such as program instructions/modules (e.g., the modules shown in fig. 9 or fig. 10) corresponding to the streaming media data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application. The processor 6 executes various functional applications of the processor 6 and data processing, i.e. implements the streaming media data transmission method in the above-described method embodiments by running non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in a memory.
The memory 7 may include a memory program area that may store an operating system, at least one application program required for functions, and a memory data area; the storage data area may store data created by the processor, etc. Furthermore, the memory 7 may comprise high-speed random access memory, and may also comprise non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 7 optionally includes memory 7 remotely located relative to the processor, which may be connected to the processor 6 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 7 and when executed by the processor 6 perform the streaming media data transmission method in the embodiments shown in fig. 2-8.
The details of the above-mentioned streaming media data transmission device may be understood correspondingly with reference to the corresponding related descriptions and effects in the embodiments shown in fig. 2 to 8, which are not repeated here.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that implementing all or part of the above-described embodiment method may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program may include the above-described embodiment method when executed. Wherein the storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (HDD), or a Solid State Drive (SSD); the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A streaming media data transmission method, comprising:
caching the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data;
counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data;
and when the number of the user terminals meets the preset number, using a multicast protocol to send the cache stream media data to the user terminals.
2. The streaming media data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the buffering the target streaming media data includes:
upon receiving an acquisition request for the target streaming media data, determining whether a buffering condition of the target streaming media data is satisfied, the buffering condition including at least one of: requesting the number of user terminals of the target streaming media data and the buffer resource allowance;
and if the cache condition of the target streaming media data is met, acquiring the target streaming media data stored in a target server, and caching the target streaming media data.
3. The streaming media data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the streaming media data transmission method further comprises:
after the target streaming media data is cached, if the user terminal is detected to request the target streaming media data, an address redirection request is sent to the user terminal, wherein the address redirection request is used for adjusting the original positioning address of the target streaming media data to the address of the cached streaming media data.
4. The streaming media data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein before the counting of the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data, the streaming media data transmission method further comprises:
acquiring target data quality of target streaming media data requested by the user terminal, wherein the target data quality comprises at least one of data definition and data integrity;
and if the data quality of the cached target streaming media data does not meet the target data quality, transcoding the cached target streaming media data according to the target data quality to obtain streaming media data meeting the target data quality.
5. The streaming media data transmission method according to claim 4, wherein after transcoding the buffered target streaming media data according to the target data quality, the streaming media data transmission method further comprises:
and adjusting the original positioning address of the target streaming media data into the positioning address of the streaming media data obtained after transcoding.
6. The streaming media data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the sending the buffered streaming media data to the user terminal using a multicast protocol includes:
judging whether the resource allowance of a multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity or not;
and if the resource allowance of the multicast channel in the multicast protocol meets the preset resource transmission quantity, sending the cache stream media data to the user terminal by using the multicast protocol.
7. The streaming media data transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sending the buffered streaming media data to the user terminal using a multicast protocol further comprises:
sending a multicast conversion application to the user terminal, wherein the multicast conversion application comprises a cache stream media data address;
and receiving the multicast request sent by the user terminal, and sending the cache stream media data to the user terminal according to the cache stream media data address.
8. A streaming media data transmission apparatus, comprising:
the caching module is used for caching the target streaming media data to obtain cached streaming media data;
the strategy module is used for counting the number of user terminals requesting the target streaming media data;
and the communication module is used for sending the cache stream media data to the user terminal by using a multicast protocol when the number of the user terminals meets the number of the preset user terminals.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the streaming media data transmission method according to any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the streaming media data transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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