CN117674445A - Underwater WPT system output power sweep frequency optimizing method considering eddy current loss - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/36—Circuit design at the analogue level
- G06F30/367—Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of wireless power transmission, in particular to an underwater WPT system output power sweep frequency optimizing method considering eddy current loss, which comprises the following steps: s1: establishing a system equivalent circuit model under the consideration of eddy current loss according to the topological structure of the underwater WPT system; s2: deducing the mapping relation between the output power and the system working frequency according to the system equivalent circuit model; s3: determining the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism according to the structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism of the underwater WPT system; s4: building a system circuit simulation model, and importing the coupling mechanism parameters and other component parameters obtained in the step S3; s5: setting a working frequency range, and sweeping the frequency according to a preset step length to obtain an optimal output power point. The effect is that: by deducing and considering the mapping relation between the output power and the working frequency under the condition of eddy current loss, the working frequency point corresponding to the optimal output power is searched by utilizing a sweep frequency mode, so that the parameter configuration of each element in the system is determined, and the control requirements of different power demands are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless power transmission technology, in particular to an underwater WPT system output power sweep frequency optimizing method considering eddy current loss.
Background
The wireless power transmission (Wireless Power Transfer, WPT) technology provides a new power access mode for power driving equipment, has the characteristics of convenience, stability and safety, and is a brand new form and revolutionary progress of power transmission. At present, the technology is promoted to the fields of household appliances, medical treatment, traffic and the like, and gradually tends to be mature. In addition, the WPT technology can directly avoid physical contact between power supply equipment and electric equipment, and the WPT technology has very wide application prospect in an underwater environment.
The electromagnetic parameters in the seawater and the air are greatly different, the conductivity and the relative dielectric constant in the seawater are far greater than those in the air, the increase of the electromagnetic parameters can cause the underwater navigation device to generate vortex when the MC-WPT system works, the vortex loss caused by the electromagnetic parameters also can influence the output power of the system, and the wireless charging efficiency of the whole navigation device is further influenced; meanwhile, the underwater MC-WPT system often needs to supply power to various navigation devices at the same time, and the charging power requirements of different types of underwater devices are often different, so that the power supply system is required to work under different powers.
On one hand, some technical schemes ignore the eddy current loss of navigation equipment caused by ocean currents in the seawater during working, which definitely increases reactive power, and causes electric quantity waste of underwater power supply equipment along with the accumulation of charging time; on the other hand, some schemes consider the influence of underwater eddy current loss on the transmission power of the system, but the power loss caused by the sea water eddy current loss is compensated by improving the power level of power supply equipment or increasing the coupling degree between a primary coil and a secondary coil. In a practical operating environment, however, the power level of the power supply device tends to be constant, and satisfying the increase in output power in this way tends to cause a decrease in efficiency. In order to increase the coupling degree of the primary coil and the secondary coil, the design of the underwater wireless energy transmission coupling mechanism can be improved continuously, the structural design is easily changed, and a great deal of waste of manpower and material resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an underwater WPT system output power sweep frequency optimizing method considering eddy current loss, which considers the loss of the underwater eddy current to the system in normal operation in a set system working frequency range, and finds the frequency point with the maximum system output power in a closed loop sweep frequency mode, thereby realizing the optimal control of the output power.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the underwater WPT system output power sweep frequency optimizing method considering eddy current loss is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: establishing a system equivalent circuit model under the consideration of eddy current loss according to an underwater WPT system topological structure, and equivalently converting the sea water eddy current loss into coil loop internal resistance, wherein a transmitting end in the system equivalent circuit model introduces a transmitting coil eddy current loss equivalent resistance, and a receiving end introduces a receiving coil eddy current loss equivalent resistance;
s2: deducing the mapping relation between the output power and the system working frequency according to the system equivalent circuit model;
s3: determining electrical parameters of a coupling mechanism according to a structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism of the underwater WPT system, wherein the electrical parameters comprise self inductance of a transmitting coil, self inductance of a receiving coil and mutual inductance;
s4: building a system circuit simulation model, and importing the coupling mechanism parameters and other component parameters obtained in the step S3;
s5: setting a working frequency range, and sweeping the frequency according to a preset step length to obtain an optimal output power point.
Optionally, in step S1, the underwater WPT system adopts an LCC-S topology, and a primary side of the system includes a dc power supply, a high-frequency inverter module, an LCC compensation network, and a transmitting coil, and a secondary side of the system includes a receiving coil, a series compensation capacitor, a rectifying filter circuit, and a load resistor. Of course, other forms of topology may be selected depending on the system application requirements.
Alternatively, the underwater WPT system coupling mechanism employs a perfectly symmetrical planar coil coupling mechanism.
Optionally, in step S3, the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism are obtained through modeling simulation by using COMSOL software according to the structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism.
Optionally, the structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism comprises a wire diameter, a coil inner diameter, a coil turn distance, a coil turn number, a transmission distance and a magnetic core thickness which are predetermined according to application scenes.
Optionally, in step S4, a MATLAB/Simulink is used to build a system circuit simulation model, and the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism are synchronized to the system circuit simulation model.
Optionally, the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism are obtained through modeling simulation by using COMSOL software according to the structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism.
Optionally, when the underwater WPT system adopts the LCC-S topology, other component parameters configured in step S4 include an input voltage, a transmitting end tuning inductance, a load resistance, and a filter capacitor in the rectifying and filtering circuit, and in step S5, the frequency point selected during the frequency sweep is according to:
changing the receiving end series compensation capacitor C s Transmitting end parallel resonance capacitor C p1 And a transmitting end series resonance capacitor C p2 Wherein ω is the angular frequency corresponding to the current scanning frequency point, L p For self-inductance of the transmitting coil, L s For receiving coil self-inductance, L pr For transmitting endHarmonic inductance.
Optionally, in step S5, the preset frequency range of the system is 20KHz-200KHz, and the step length of the closed loop frequency sweep is 10KHz.
Optionally, after the optimal output power point is obtained through steps S1 to S5, configuration and control of the underwater WPT system are performed according to the operating frequency and the system parameters corresponding to the optimal output power point.
The invention has the remarkable effects that:
according to the invention, by considering the eddy current loss condition of the underwater WPT system and deducing the mapping relation between the output power and the working frequency under the eddy current loss condition, the working frequency point corresponding to the optimal output power is found by utilizing the sweep frequency mode, so that the parameter configuration of each element in the system is determined, and the control requirements of different power demands are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method in an embodiment of the invention;
figure 2 is an equivalent model diagram of a underwater WPT system taking into account eddy current losses;
FIG. 3 is a circuit topology of an LCC-S wireless power transfer system;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 3 taking into account eddy current losses;
fig. 5 is a graph of output power versus operating frequency.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, including the drawings for reference and description only, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an output power sweep optimizing method of an underwater WPT system considering eddy current loss, which includes the following steps:
s1: establishing a system equivalent circuit model under the consideration of eddy current loss according to an underwater WPT system topological structure, and equivalently converting the sea water eddy current loss into coil loop internal resistance, wherein a transmitting end in the system equivalent circuit model introduces a transmitting coil eddy current loss equivalent resistance, and a receiving end introduces a receiving coil eddy current loss equivalent resistance;
s2: deducing the mapping relation between the output power and the system working frequency according to the system equivalent circuit model;
s3: determining electrical parameters of a coupling mechanism according to a structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism of the underwater WPT system, wherein the electrical parameters comprise self inductance of a transmitting coil, self inductance of a receiving coil and mutual inductance;
s4: building a system circuit simulation model, and importing the coupling mechanism parameters and other component parameters obtained in the step S3;
s5: setting a working frequency range, and sweeping the frequency according to a preset step length to obtain an optimal output power point.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the invention firstly carries out modeling analysis on the underwater WPT system under the premise of considering the eddy current loss, and can equivalent the eddy current loss under the water environment to be the resistance R by combining with the FIG. 2 ps And R is ss Neglecting the influence of parasitic parameters generated by the system, and deriving the output power P out Relation with the operating frequency; then, performing magnetic coupling mechanism design simulation to obtain self inductance of a transmitting end coil, self inductance of a receiving end coil and mutual inductance, synchronizing the simulation of the magnetic coupling mechanism design simulation to circuit model simulation, setting the working frequency range to be 20KHz-200KHz, performing closed-loop frequency sweep at the step length of 10KHz, determining element parameters of the transmitting end series resonant capacitor, the transmitting end parallel resonant capacitor and the receiving end series resonant capacitor according to a resonance formula inferred by an equivalent circuit model of the underwater WPT system by combining current scanning frequency points, and finally obtaining a relation curve of output power and working frequency, thereby finding out the working frequency and system parameters corresponding to the optimal output power and realizing optimal control of the system.
When modeling and analyzing the underwater WPT system, the electromagnetic parameters of the water environment and the air are greatly different, the conductivity and the relative dielectric constant of the water are far greater than those of the air, the MC-WPT eddy current is caused by the increase of the electromagnetic parameters, so that the efficiency and the resonance point of the system are influenced, and the loss caused by the eddy current can be reducedAffecting the output power of the system. In order to introduce the influence of the sea water eddy current loss on the output power of the system, the sea water eddy current loss can be equivalent to the internal resistance of a coil loop, as shown in figure 2, R ps R is the eddy current loss equivalent resistance of the transmitting coil ss Is the eddy current loss equivalent resistance of the receiving coil.
In water environment, there are:
M wat ＝ρM air e -jα
wherein M is air Is mutual inductance in the air, M wat The mutual inductance in the water medium is represented by ρ being the mutual inductance amplitude change coefficient, α being the mutual inductance phase angle, ρ being about 1, and representing that the mutual inductance in the seawater is essentially the mutual inductance phase change in the air.
In this embodiment, the underwater WPT system adopts an LCC-S topology, as shown in fig. 3, where the primary side of the system includes a dc power supply, a high-frequency inverter module, an LCC compensation network, and a transmitting coil, and the secondary side of the system includes a receiving coil, a series compensation capacitor, a rectifying filter circuit, and a load resistor.
The LCC-S type compensation network has the characteristics of constant voltage output, adjustable voltage gain, insensitive transmitting end parameters and the like. FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit considering the eddy current loss, and as can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, E dc Is a direct current power supply and passes through a switching device S 1 -S 4 The high-frequency inversion module is converted into high-frequency alternating current u in1 The transmitting end is an LCC type compensation network and comprises a compensation inductance Lpr and a parallel compensation capacitance C p1 And a series compensation capacitor C p2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The receiving end is an S-shaped series compensation network and comprises a compensation capacitor Cs; l (L) p 、L s For self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, M wat Is the mutual inductance between Lp and Ls in the seawater environment; d (D) 1 -D 4 Is a rectifier diode, C f R is filter capacitance L Is a load resistance, uout is an output voltage, R p1 For transmitting coil internal resistance, R p2 R is the eddy current loss equivalent resistance of the transmitting end s1 For receiving the internal resistance of the coil, R s2 For the eddy current loss equivalent resistance of the receiving end, the switching frequency is omega 0 ，R eq To be wholeThe equivalent resistance of the input end of the flow bridge.
The internal resistance of the capacitance and inductance is small relative to its own impedance, and the equivalent circuit shown in fig. 4 omits the resistance of the compensation capacitance and compensation inductance for simplicity of analysis. According to the mutual inductance model, the equivalent impedance of the receiving end is known as follows:
the receiving end reflection impedance is:
the system input impedance Z in The method comprises the following steps:
substituting the formula (1) and the formula (2) into the formula (3), and letting the system input impedance Z in An imaginary part of 0 may be obtained:
since the mutual inductance phase α is small, the resonance condition can be simplified as:
substituting equation (5) into equation (1), equation (2), equation (3) yields the respective impedances:
the respective currents of the system can be obtained according to the equivalent circuit in the method:
substituting formula (6) into formula (7) for simplification can be obtained:
the voltage across the equivalent load is:simultaneous availability:
thus, the voltage gain G in the aqueous medium V The mutual inductance ρ is about 1, and the mutual inductance phase α is small,
equivalent input power P of underwater LCC-S topology network in Equivalent output power P out Can be expressed as:
in an underwater environment, therefore, the output power P is taken into account when considering the eddy-current equivalent resistance and neglecting the parasitic parameters of the transmission coil system itself out With system operating angular frequency omega 0 Equivalent resistance R to eddy current loss p2 ,R s2 There is a very complex nonlinear relationship. Therefore, the invention obtains output in a preset frequency range by a closed loop frequency sweep modePower P out And a nonlinear relation diagram of the system operating frequency.
In specific implementation, the underwater WPT system coupling mechanism adopts a completely symmetrical planar coil coupling mechanism, and the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism are obtained through modeling simulation of COMSOL software according to the structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism. The structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism comprises a wire diameter, a coil inner diameter, a coil turn distance, a coil turn number, a transmission distance and a magnetic core thickness which are predetermined according to application scenes, and parameters of the coupling mechanism during simulation are shown in table 1:
table 1: coupling mechanism parameter design
The COMSOL software can obtain according to the parameter modeling simulation of the coupling mechanism, the self inductance of the primary coil and the secondary coil is 331.25uh respectively, the mutual inductance is 131.63uh, the calculated coupling coefficient k is equal to 0.397, and meanwhile the magnetic flux density distribution condition of the primary coil and the secondary coil can be observed through the simulation.
And then, constructing a system circuit simulation model by adopting MATLAB/Simulink, and synchronizing the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism obtained by the COMSOL software to the system circuit simulation model.
When circuit simulation is performed through MATLAB/Simulink, other component parameters configured in step S4 include input voltage, transmitting end tuning inductance, load resistance and filter capacitance in a rectifying and filtering circuit, and in step S5, according to frequency points selected during frequency sweeping, the parameters are as follows:
changing the receiving end series compensation capacitor C s Transmitting end parallel resonance capacitor C p1 And a transmitting end series resonance capacitor C p2 As shown in table 2:
table 2: circuit simulation parameters
By setting a simulation model, the working frequency of the system is swept from 20KHz to 200KHz in a step length of 10KHz, three changing factors of the transmitting end series resonance capacitor Cp2, the transmitting end parallel resonance capacitor Cp1 and the receiving end series resonance capacitor are controlled to synchronously change according to the formula obtained by the analysis, so that the whole system always works well in a resonance state, and output power change caused by detuning and other factors is avoided. And finally, obtaining corresponding output power, drawing a relation diagram of the output power and the frequency, and analyzing the relation of the output power and the frequency, as shown in fig. 5.
The working frequency is found to be within the range of 120KHZ-160KHZ through closed loop frequency sweep, and the system can obtain larger output power. In particular, the output power is maximized when the system operating frequency is within a very small range of about 150 KHZ. Experiments show that when the working frequency is 150kHZ, the system has good inversion output voltage and current waveform, the voltage is slightly overshoot to the current to be weak in inductance, and the load end is constant voltage output. Therefore, the system can select the optimal output power point according to the power requirement of the load, and then the configuration and control of the underwater WPT system are carried out according to the working frequency and the system parameters corresponding to the optimal output power point, so that the wireless charging efficiency of the underwater navigation equipment is improved.
In summary, it can be seen that the method for optimizing the output power sweep frequency of the underwater WPT system taking the eddy current loss into consideration provided by the invention can find the working frequency point corresponding to the optimal output power by utilizing the sweep frequency mode through deducing the mapping relation between the output power and the working frequency under the condition of taking the eddy current loss into consideration, thereby determining the parameter configuration of each element in the system and enabling the parameter configuration to meet the control requirements of different power demands.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An underwater WPT system output power sweep frequency optimizing method considering eddy current loss is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: establishing a system equivalent circuit model under the consideration of eddy current loss according to an underwater WPT system topological structure, and equivalently converting the sea water eddy current loss into coil loop internal resistance, wherein a transmitting end in the system equivalent circuit model introduces a transmitting coil eddy current loss equivalent resistance, and a receiving end introduces a receiving coil eddy current loss equivalent resistance;
s2: deducing the mapping relation between the output power and the system working frequency according to the system equivalent circuit model;
s3: determining electrical parameters of a coupling mechanism according to a structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism of the underwater WPT system, wherein the electrical parameters comprise self inductance of a transmitting coil, self inductance of a receiving coil and mutual inductance;
s4: building a system circuit simulation model, and importing the coupling mechanism parameters and other component parameters obtained in the step S3;
s5: setting a working frequency range, and sweeping the frequency according to a preset step length to obtain an optimal output power point.
2. The method for optimizing the output power sweep frequency of the underwater WPT system considering the eddy current loss according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the underwater WPT system adopts an LCC-S topology structure, a primary side of the system comprises a direct current power supply, a high-frequency inversion module, an LCC compensation network and a transmitting coil, and a secondary side of the system comprises a receiving coil, a series compensation capacitor, a rectifying filter circuit and a load resistor.
3. The method for optimizing the output power sweep of an underwater WPT system taking into account eddy current losses as set forth in claim 2, wherein the underwater WPT system coupling mechanism employs a perfectly symmetrical planar coil coupling mechanism.
4. The method for optimizing the output power sweep of the underwater WPT system considering the eddy current loss according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein in the step S3, the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism are obtained through modeling simulation of COMSOL software according to the structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism.
5. The method for optimizing the output power sweep of an underwater WPT system taking into account eddy current losses as recited in claim 4, wherein the structural design of the coupling mechanism includes wire diameter, coil inside diameter, coil turn spacing, coil turns, transmission distance, and core thickness predetermined according to the application scenario.
6. An output power sweep frequency optimizing method of an underwater WPT system considering eddy current loss according to claims 1-3, wherein in step S4, a system circuit simulation model is built by MATLAB/Simulink, and the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism are synchronized to the system circuit simulation model.
7. The method for optimizing the output power sweep of the underwater WPT system taking into account the eddy current loss as set forth in claim 6, wherein the electrical parameters of the coupling mechanism are obtained by modeling and simulation of COMSOL software according to the structural design scheme of the coupling mechanism.
8. The method for optimizing an output power sweep of an underwater WPT system taking into account eddy current loss as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the underwater WPT system adopts an LCC-S topology, the other component parameters configured in step S4 include an input voltage, a transmitting terminal tuning inductance, a load resistance, and a filter capacitor in a rectifying and filtering circuit, and in step S5, the following are performed according to a frequency point selected during the sweep:
changing the receiving end series compensation capacitor C s Transmitting end parallel resonance capacitor C p1 And transmitting end series resonance capacitorC p2 Wherein ω is the angular frequency corresponding to the current scanning frequency point, L p For self-inductance of the transmitting coil, L s For receiving coil self-inductance, L pr The inductance is tuned for the transmitting end.
9. The optimizing method of the output power sweep frequency of the underwater WPT system considering the eddy current loss as set forth in claim 8, wherein the preset frequency range of the system in step S5 is 20KHz-200KHz, and the step length of the closed loop sweep frequency is 10KHz.
10. The method for optimizing the output power sweep of the underwater WPT system taking the eddy current loss into consideration according to claim 8 or 9, wherein after the optimal output power point is obtained in the steps S1-S5, the configuration and the control of the underwater WPT system are carried out according to the working frequency and the system parameters corresponding to the optimal output power point.
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