CN117670534A - Block chain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a carbon asset transaction decision support method based on a blockchain, which comprises the following steps: after each data block passes through the hash function H (x), the hash value of the data block is combined with the hash values of the rest of the data blocks to form a tree structure; making an intelligent contract, and running through a function f (C, T); performing data synchronization and collaboration by using a P2P network structure of a block chain; predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a support vector machine; and accessing carbon emission data of a thermal power enterprise by adopting an API interface. And the transaction transparency and the trust degree are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon asset transaction, in particular to a blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method and a blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support system.
Background
In recent years, global climate change problems are increasingly prominent, and the monitoring of greenhouse gas emission by the international society is continuously enhanced. Thermal power enterprises, as the main carbon emission source of the world, face serious emission reduction challenges, so that optimization of carbon asset management and transaction strategies thereof becomes urgent. The effective carbon asset trading decisions not only help enterprises achieve internationally and nationally set carbon emission standards, but also gain economic benefits in the carbon market.
In conventional carbon asset trading decision strategies, decisions are typically based on market analysis, macro-economic models, and related policy guidelines 1. While these strategies have some effectiveness, they tend to be too focused on carbon emission data. For example, zhang et al's study indicated that while carbon emission data provided the basis for trade decisions, excessive reliance on such data may lead to shortsightedness and bias of decisions 2. In this case, the thermal power enterprise may ignore the influence of its operation policy and financial status on the carbon asset transaction policy, and thus make a non-optimal transaction policy.
In recent years, with advances in digital technology, blockchain technology has received widespread attention. Blockchain technology is considered a powerful tool 3 that solves the above problems due to its inherent distributed, transparent and non-tamperable nature. Studies by menglekamp et al have shown that the use of blockchain technology in the areas of supply chains and financial services has enabled distributed storage and efficient trading of data 3. However, in the field of decision making of carbon asset transactions in thermal power enterprises, the application of the method is still limited mainly because of the specificity of the thermal power enterprises and the complexity 4 of the carbon asset transactions. On the one hand, thermal power enterprises typically involve large capital investment, long return on investment periods, and strict industry regulations, such that their business processes and decision-making mechanisms are significantly different from other industries. This specificity makes it difficult to directly apply existing blockchain solutions. On the other hand, the carbon asset transaction itself involves multiple participants (such as national government, regulatory authorities, exchanges and other carbon emission units), and the transaction rules are complex and the data sources are numerous, making it a technical challenge to build a unified, efficient and safe transaction platform.
And by combining with a blockchain technology, the distributed storage of the carbon asset data is realized, and the transparency, the authenticity and the integrity of transaction data are ensured. Further, by utilizing the intelligent contract function of the blockchain, the transaction of the carbon asset can be efficiently executed and automated, the transaction efficiency is greatly improved, and the transaction cost is reduced. In addition, the blockchain technology can be deeply fused with other advanced technologies, such as the Internet of things and artificial intelligence, so as to further optimize the carbon asset transaction decision of the thermal power enterprise.
Therefore, from the aspects of technology and application, the conventional thermal power enterprise carbon asset transaction decision-making method obviously has the following defects: (1) The method is too dependent on carbon emission data, and neglects comprehensive consideration of enterprise operation and financial conditions, so that limitation of transaction strategies is caused; (2) When big data is processed, the efficiency is low, and the data security and transparency are not ensured; (3) An efficient automated transaction tool is lacking, increasing transaction costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a thermal power enterprise carbon asset transaction decision support system based on the blockchain technology, so as to thoroughly solve the limitations of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention has been made to provide a blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method and system that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method, the decision support method comprising:
after each data block passes through the hash function H (x), the hash value of the data block is combined with the hash values of the rest of the data blocks to form a tree structure;
making an intelligent contract, and running through a function f (C, T);
performing data synchronization and collaboration by using a P2P network structure of a block chain;
predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a support vector machine;
and accessing carbon emission data of a thermal power enterprise by adopting an API interface.
Optionally, after the hash function H (x) is passed through, each data block is combined with the hash values of the remaining data blocks to form a tree structure with the following expression:
H(x)＝Hash(Hash(L)+Hash(R))
wherein L and R represent a left child node and a right child node, respectively;
and recording key data of carbon emission, generating capacity and generating efficiency of a thermal power enterprise in real time.
Optionally, the making an intelligent contract, running through the function f (C, T) further includes:
when the condition C is satisfied, the function f automatically executes the transaction T;
the intelligent contracts allow thermal power enterprises to conduct automated carbon asset transaction policy calculations and decisions based on conditions.
Optionally, the performing data synchronization and collaboration by using the P2P network structure of the blockchain specifically includes:
the data synchronization algorithm is as follows:
wherein S represents a synchronization function, D is data, and n is the number of nodes in the network;
and data synchronization and coordination between the thermal power enterprise and other stakeholders are ensured.
Optionally, the predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a support vector machine specifically includes:
integrating operation data and historical carbon asset transaction data of thermal power enterprises to provide short-term and long-term prediction of carbon asset prices for the enterprises;
the formula is:
where K is a kernel function, xi and x are data vectors, and αi and yi are parameters in the training data;
and combining operation data of thermal power enterprises, training by using a deep learning technology, and predicting future power requirements and carbon emission.
Optionally, the accessing the carbon emission data of the thermal power enterprise by using the API interface specifically includes:
providing an API interface, and integrating with a monitoring system, an SCADA system and the like of a thermal power enterprise;
the data uploading and verifying algorithm is as follows:
V(d)＝Hash(d)⊕Signature
where V is the verification function, d is the uploaded data, and # -is the operator, representing the combination of the hash value of the data and the signature.
The invention also provides a carbon asset transaction decision support system based on the blockchain, which applies the carbon asset transaction decision support method based on the blockchain, and the support system comprises the following steps:
the data storage and verification module is used for combining the hash value of each data block with the hash value of the other data blocks after each data block passes through the hash function H (x) to form a tree structure;
the intelligent contract module is used for making an intelligent contract and running through a function f (C, T);
the multiparty collaboration module is used for carrying out data synchronization and collaboration by utilizing the P2P network structure of the block chain;
the data analysis and prediction module is used for predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a support vector machine; and the thermal power enterprise carbon emission data access module is used for accessing the thermal power enterprise carbon emission data by adopting an API interface.
The invention provides a carbon asset transaction decision support method based on a blockchain, which comprises the following steps: after each data block passes through the hash function H (x), the hash value of the data block is combined with the hash values of the rest of the data blocks to form a tree structure; making an intelligent contract, and running through a function f (C, T); performing data synchronization and collaboration by using a P2P network structure of a block chain; predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a support vector machine; and accessing carbon emission data of a thermal power enterprise by adopting an API interface. And the transaction transparency and the trust degree are improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description embodiments of the invention and in the claims and drawings are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such as a series of steps or elements.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the examples.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the carbon asset transaction decision support system provided by the invention aims to provide a complete, efficient and safe carbon asset transaction platform for thermal power enterprises. The core components of the system include: the system comprises a data storage and verification module, an intelligent contract module, a multi-party cooperation module, a data analysis and prediction module and a thermal power enterprise carbon emission data access module.
Data storage and verification module
Each data block, after passing through the hash function H (x), will combine with the hash values of the other data blocks to form a tree structure. This ensures data integrity, consistency and non-tamper ability.
H(x)＝Hash(Hash(L)+Hash(R))
Wherein L and R represent a left child node and a right child node, respectively. And recording key data such as carbon emission, generating capacity, generating efficiency and the like of a thermal power enterprise in real time. This provides real-time, accurate data support for carbon asset transactions.
Intelligent contract module
By using the Ethernet platform, the module designs a specific intelligent contract for a thermal power enterprise and operates through a function f (C, T). When condition C is met, the function f automatically performs the transaction T. Such intelligent contracts allow thermal power enterprises to conduct automated carbon asset trading strategy calculations and decisions based on specific conditions (e.g., carbon emissions, power generation efficiency, etc.).
Multiparty collaboration module
Thermal power enterprises are not isolated in carbon asset transactions. In order to ensure timely and effective synchronization of data, the system is designed by utilizing a P2P network structure of a block chain. The data synchronization algorithm is as follows:
where S represents a synchronization function, D is data, and n is the number of nodes in the network. This module ensures data synchronization and collaboration between thermal power enterprises and other stakeholders (e.g., power grids, government regulatory agencies, etc.).
Data analysis and prediction module
And predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). The model integrates operation data and historical carbon asset transaction data of thermal power enterprises, and provides short-term and long-term prediction of carbon asset prices for the enterprises. The formula is:
where K is a kernel function, xi and x are data vectors, and αi and yi are parameters in the training data. The module is further trained by deep learning technology in combination with operation data of thermal power enterprises to predict future power requirements and carbon emission.
Thermal power enterprise carbon emission data access module
Thermal power enterprises can generate a large amount of data such as carbon emission, generated energy and the like in daily operation. In order to ensure that the data can be timely and accurately transmitted into the system, the module provides an API interface which is integrated with a monitoring system, an SCADA system and the like of a thermal power enterprise. The data uploading and verifying algorithm is as follows: v (d) =hash (d) multiplesignature
Where V is the verification function, d is the uploaded data, and # -is the operator, representing the combination of the hash value of the data and the signature.
Example 2
The invention provides a carbon asset transaction decision support system based on a blockchain aiming at a thermal power enterprise. The following is a detailed description of specific embodiments:
and (3) data collection: and collecting data of 25 indexes of thermal power enterprises A-E in five dimensions of carbon emission control, energy utilization efficiency, carbon emission management, investment and innovation and compliance.
Data storage and verification:
the data of the power plants A-E are processed using a hash function H (x), ensuring data integrity, consistency and non-tamper ability. For example, for plant A's data, the system may generate its hash value and combine with plant B's data hash value to form a tree-like structure, ensuring data continuity and non-tamper-ability.
Deployment and execution of smart contracts:
the intelligent contract is deployed on the ethernet platform. According to the carbon emission data and other related data of the thermal power enterprises A-E, the intelligent contract automatically executes the transaction T when the specific condition C is met. For example, when the carbon emissions of plant B reaches a certain threshold, the system automatically triggers a smart contract to complete the carbon asset transaction.
Multiparty collaborative data synchronization:
the data of the power plants a-E are synchronized with other interested parties via the P2P network. For example, the carbon emission data of the power plant C is synchronized daily to a central database, ensuring real-time and accuracy of the data.
Data analysis and prediction:
and predicting the price of the carbon asset by adopting a Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm and combining the historical data of the power plants A-E. For example, the price of the carbon asset for the next month of power plant D is predicted based on the last three months of carbon emission data.
And C, accessing carbon emission data of thermal power enterprises:
data generated by thermal power enterprises A-E in daily operation is transmitted into the system through an API interface. For example, the hourly carbon emission data from power plant E may be uploaded to the decision support system via the API.
Carbon asset transaction decision:
and providing a carbon asset transaction strategy for the thermal power enterprises according to the carbon emission data, the prediction results and other related data of the power plants A-E. For example, when the carbon emissions of plant A exceeds a certain threshold, the system recommends that it conduct a carbon asset transaction.
The thermal power enterprise utilizes the system to effectively carry out carbon asset transaction decision, and realizes the management and control of carbon emission.
The beneficial effects are that: the transaction transparency and the trust degree are improved: conventional carbon asset trading systems may face problems with data trustworthiness and transparency. The blockchain technology ensures that each transaction is verifiable and non-tamperable, thereby greatly improving the transparency of the transaction and the trust of all participants.
Optimizing carbon asset trading strategies: the system integrates carbon emission data, operation data and financial data of thermal power enterprises, performs data analysis and prediction through a deep learning technology, and helps the enterprises to formulate more optimized carbon asset transaction strategies, so that cost minimization and benefit maximization are achieved.
Automated transaction flow: the intelligent contract technology enables the transaction process to be automatic, reduces the possibility of human intervention and misoperation, and simultaneously greatly improves the transaction efficiency.
The transaction cost is reduced: the decentralization characteristic of the blockchain technology reduces the intermediary cost, and simultaneously, the automatic transaction flow also reduces the cost of manual operation, thereby greatly reducing the overall transaction cost.
Enhancing data collaboration and instantaneity: the P2P network structure ensures the timely synchronization of the data among the nodes and ensures the real-time property and consistency of the data. This is especially important for the data collaboration of thermal power enterprises and related departments such as government, power grid and the like.
Environmental friendliness and sustainability: by optimizing the carbon asset transaction strategy, the operation mode of thermal power enterprises is promoted to be more environment-friendly, so that the environmental protection and sustainable development of the enterprises are facilitated.
The competitiveness of thermal power enterprises is enhanced: in the background of increasing global concerns about environmental protection and carbon emissions, having an efficient, transparent carbon asset trading system would enhance the market competitiveness of thermal power enterprises.
To further verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, a series of experimental comparisons were made. Under the same carbon emission condition, the thermal power enterprises using the system are compared with the thermal power enterprises using the traditional carbon asset transaction system. Experimental results show that enterprises using the system save about 30% of the transaction cost of the carbon asset, the transaction efficiency is improved by about 50%, and the carbon emission of the enterprises is reduced by about 20% compared with the traditional system due to the optimization of the transaction strategy of the carbon asset.
The foregoing detailed description of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method, the decision support method comprising:
after each data block passes through the hash function H (x), the hash value of the data block is combined with the hash values of the rest of the data blocks to form a tree structure;
making an intelligent contract, and running through a function f (C, T);
performing data synchronization and collaboration by using a P2P network structure of a block chain;
predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a support vector machine;
and accessing carbon emission data of a thermal power enterprise by adopting an API interface.
2. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method of claim 1, wherein each data block, after passing through the hash function H (x), is combined with the hash values of the remaining data blocks to form a tree-like structure with the following expression:
H(x)＝Hash(Hash(L)+Hash(R))
wherein L and R represent a left child node and a right child node, respectively;
and recording key data of carbon emission, generating capacity and generating efficiency of a thermal power enterprise in real time.
3. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method of claim 1, wherein the making a smart contract, running through a function f (C, T), further comprises:
when the condition C is satisfied, the function f automatically executes the transaction T;
the intelligent contracts allow thermal power enterprises to conduct automated carbon asset transaction policy calculations and decisions based on conditions.
4. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method of claim 1, wherein the data synchronization and collaboration using a blockchain-based P2P network structure specifically comprises:
the data synchronization algorithm is as follows:
wherein S represents a synchronization function, D is data, and n is the number of nodes in the network;
and data synchronization and coordination between the thermal power enterprise and other stakeholders are ensured.
5. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method of claim 1, wherein the predicting the carbon asset price using a support vector machine specifically comprises:
integrating operation data and historical carbon asset transaction data of thermal power enterprises to provide short-term and long-term prediction of carbon asset prices for the enterprises;
the formula is:
where K is a kernel function, xi and x are data vectors, and αi and yi are parameters in the training data;
and combining operation data of thermal power enterprises, training by using a deep learning technology, and predicting future power requirements and carbon emission.
6. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method of claim 1, wherein the accessing the thermal power enterprise carbon emission data using the API interface specifically comprises:
providing an API interface, and integrating with a monitoring system, an SCADA system and the like of a thermal power enterprise;
the data uploading and verifying algorithm is as follows:
where V is the verification function, d is the uploaded data,is an operator representing a combination of a hash value of data and a signature.
7. A blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support system employing a blockchain-based carbon asset transaction decision support method of any of claims 1-6, the support system comprising:
the data storage and verification module is used for combining the hash value of each data block with the hash value of the other data blocks after each data block passes through the hash function H (x) to form a tree structure;
the intelligent contract module is used for making an intelligent contract and running through a function f (C, T);
the multiparty collaboration module is used for carrying out data synchronization and collaboration by utilizing the P2P network structure of the block chain;
the data analysis and prediction module is used for predicting the price of the carbon asset by using a support vector machine;
and the thermal power enterprise carbon emission data access module is used for accessing the thermal power enterprise carbon emission data by adopting an API interface.
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