CN117670114A - Ecological environment sustainable development degree evaluation method based on AHP weighting - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment sustainable development, in particular to an evaluation method for ecological environment sustainable development degree based on AHP weighting, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining connotation and construction principles: the method comprises the steps of integrating related discipline concepts of an environmental quality evaluation system by searching internet files, consulting library materials and related papers, so as to determine the model connotation of the sustainable development degree of the ecological environment, analyzing and judging by adopting a theoretical analysis method or a professional judgment method, conforming to three principles in the judgment process, and correcting by combining an expert consultation method; the invention is not limited by the traditional single classification for evaluating the biological resource subclass, but carries out systematic quantitative evaluation on the biological resource by using a hierarchical analysis method, has more practicability and universality in research, can also make up for the theoretical deficiency in the aspect of sustainable evaluation research of the biological resource, and provides a reference for subsequent research by the proposed evaluation theory of sustainable development of the biological resource.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sustainable development of ecological environment, in particular to an evaluation method for the sustainable development degree of ecological environment based on AHP weighting.
Background
In recent years, the construction of index systems such as ecological civilization, ecological bottom lines, green growth, environmental benefit and the like gradually becomes one of academic research hotspots, students construct ecological civilization construction evaluation index systems of different areas and different scales from a theoretical level, the index systems provide quantitative basis for ecological civilization construction, the positive effect is played on promoting the continuous improvement and perfection of ecological civilization construction, the index system frameworks have characteristics, the evaluation fields are divided differently, and the index numbers are different.
Chinese patent No. CN109359864A provides a sustainable development degree evaluation method and system for comprehensive utilization of coastal beach resources, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of constructing a sustainable development degree evaluation index system for comprehensive utilization of coastal beach resources, calculating the magnitude of an evaluation factor, calculating a resource environment condition index, calculating a benefit condition index, calculating a management capability index, calculating a sustainable development index and grading the sustainable development degree. According to the invention, a sustainable development degree evaluation index system for comprehensive utilization of the coastal beach resources is constructed according to three levels of evaluation targets, evaluation factors and evaluation indexes, 10 evaluation factors are adopted from three aspects of resource environment conditions, benefit conditions and management capacity, the sustainable development degree level of the comprehensive utilization of the coastal beach resources is quantitatively evaluated, objective, reasonable and reliable evaluation results can be effectively ensured, and the method has strong practicability and can provide technical and decision support for space planning, development and utilization of natural resources in China.
The research on sustainable development of biological resources at home and abroad is quite plentiful, but the research on sustainable development of the subclasses of the biological resources is not practical and extensive, and the theoretical deficiency in the aspect of the research on sustainable evaluation of the biological resources cannot be made up, so that development of an evaluation method for the sustainable development degree of the ecological environment based on AHP weighting is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological environment sustainable development degree evaluation method based on AHP weighting so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an ecological environment sustainable development degree evaluation method based on AHP weighting comprises the following steps:
s1, determining connotation and construction principles: the method comprises the steps of integrating related discipline concepts of an environmental quality evaluation system by searching internet files, consulting library materials and related papers, so as to determine the model connotation of the sustainable development degree of the ecological environment, analyzing and judging by adopting a theoretical analysis method or a professional judgment method, conforming to three principles in the judgment process, and correcting by combining an expert consultation method;
s2, determining indexes: the method comprises the steps of determining indexes based on the research model connotation and model construction principle, researching and selecting historical statistics data to conduct model research, carrying out standardization processing on evaluation index data, selecting the data as reference data to participate in calculation, and obtaining relative indexes of the indexes, namely dimensionless standardization value T, by adopting the raw data of the indexes in the evaluation period to remove the data of the corresponding indexes in the basic period, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: index normalized value ti= (evaluation index data/reference data) r= (Wi/W reference year) r, wherein: r=1 or-1, r=1 when the index is a forward index, and r= -1 when the index is a reverse index;
s3, constructing a model: the indexes of different categories are regulated by a principle, the indexes are analyzed by a hierarchical analysis method in the regulation process, so that weights are determined, and then according to model connotation, the ecological environment sustainability (EQI) is the sum of products of the weights of all indexes and standardized data, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein n=61;
s4, verification and optimization: and data is sent to the data model so as to verify the model, and the model is verified through the known data and the model, and then the model is optimized according to the verification result and the opinion of an expert.
Further, the index category comprises common environmental quality, economic society and other data when the model connotation is determined in the S1, factors such as scientific investment, health level, environmental management and the like are also included, and the index setting comprises qualitative concepts such as a 'duty ratio', 'standard reaching rate', quantitative data such as a 'concentration', 'area', and the like.
Further, the environmental quality factors comprise environmental factors such as soil, atmosphere, water, noise, radioactivity, ecological environment and the like, and the index setting also timely introduces environmental concept indexes such as the safety utilization rate of polluted land and agricultural land, the ecological environment quality index, the proportion of respiratory diseases to all deaths, the proportion of cerebrovascular diseases to all deaths and the like, wherein the safety utilization rate of the polluted land and the agricultural land and the transaction amount of carbon emission rights are introduced.
Further, the construction principles in S1 include three principles of science, representativeness and operability.
Further, the index in S2 mainly comes from five aspects of environmental quality level, environmental technology input level, environmental treatment investment level, social development level, environmental loss degree, and the index is 61 in total.
Further, the indexes in the S2 are based on conservation principle, the assignment is consistent with 2020, the indexes are all assigned 1, and the study takes 2013 data as reference data to participate in calculation.
Further, the principle in S3 is a "low tolerance to damage to life and health" principle, and it is specifically "in case of the same pollution cost," the cost is more hoped to be represented in "environmental treatment investment class", "treatment equipment running fee" and the like, but not "pollution accident loss class" and "health or life loss class".
Further, in the step S3, according to the hierarchical structure determined by the evaluation index system, according to the AHP method requirement, consulting expert opinion to form a judgment matrix, and calculating to obtain weights of the indexes of each hierarchy, and marking the weights as Ci.
Further, in the step S3, the expert is invited to trade-off the harmfulness and the relative importance of various indexes in the weight determining process.
Further, three evaluation grades are designed in the S4 verification process, and the three grades are specifically as follows:
EQI <1, quality degradation;
the EQI is more than or equal to 1 and less than 5, and the quality is improved;
the EQI is more than or equal to 5, and the quality is good.
The invention provides an evaluation method for the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on AHP weighting through improvement, which has the following improvement and advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) The invention is not limited by the traditional single classification for evaluating the biological resource subclass, but carries out systematic quantitative evaluation on the biological resource by using a hierarchical analysis method, has more practicability and universality in research, can also make up for the theoretical deficiency in the aspect of sustainable evaluation research of the biological resource, and provides a reference for subsequent research by the proposed evaluation theory of sustainable development of the biological resource.
(2) The invention has wide index coverage, can comprehensively reflect the meaning of the model to be expressed, can cover various environmental elements, and covers various factors such as environmental quality, health level, economic society, technological investment and the like.
(3) The method has more comprehensive evaluation content and more accurate result, can obtain the evaluation of the sustainable development degree which is more in line with the actual ecological environment, and plays a positive role in promoting the continuous improvement and perfection of ecological civilization construction.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the model building concept and flow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ecological environment sustainability evaluation index system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with fig. 1-2, clearly and completely describes the technical solutions of embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides an evaluation method for the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on AHP weighting through improvement, which is shown in figures 1-2 and comprises the following steps:
s1, determining connotation and construction principles: the method comprises the steps of integrating relevant subject concepts of an environmental quality evaluation system by searching internet files, consulting library data and related papers, determining an 'ecological environment sustainable development degree', wherein index categories comprise common environmental quality, economic society and other data when determining the model connotation, factors such as technological investment, health level, environmental management and the like are also included, index settings comprise qualitative concepts such as 'duty ratio', 'standard reaching rate', quantitative data such as 'concentration', 'area', and the like, environmental quality factors comprise environmental elements such as soil, atmosphere, water, noise, radioactivity, ecological environment and the like, index settings also timely introduce pollution land safety utilization rate, carbon emission right trading volume and the like, environmental concept indexes such as pollution land safety utilization rate, ecological environment quality index, total mortality of respiratory system diseases, total mortality of cerebrovascular diseases and the like are also included, and then analysis and judgment are carried out by adopting a theoretical analysis method or a professional judgment method, three principles including three principles of scientific consultation, representativeness and operability are followed in the judgment process, and expert method is combined for correction;
it should be noted that:
(1) scientificity, firstly, index selection needs to have scientificity, so that the scientificity of a model evaluation result can be guaranteed, and the scientific development rule and objective facts are met;
(2) the method has the advantages of representativeness and operability, simple and clear evaluation index, wide information coverage, high comprehensive degree, representativeness and representativeness, easy acquisition of data and time continuity;
(3) the system is systematic, the index coverage is wide, the meaning of the model to be expressed can be comprehensively reflected, various environmental elements can be covered, and various factors such as environmental quality, health level, economic society, technological investment and the like are covered.
S2, determining indexes: the method is characterized in that indexes are determined based on the research model connotation and model construction principle, the indexes mainly come from five aspects of environmental quality level, environmental technology input level, environmental treatment investment level, social development level and environmental loss degree, 61 indexes are obtained in total, the statistics data of the past year are researched and selected for model research, so that standardized processing is carried out on each evaluation index data, the data are selected as reference data for participation in calculation, the specific calculation method is to adopt the original data of each index in the evaluation period to remove the data of the corresponding index in the basic period, and the relative index of each index, namely, the dimensionless standardized value T is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows: index normalized value ti= (evaluation index data/reference data) r= (Wi/W reference year) r, wherein: r=1 or-1, when the index is a forward index, r=1, when the index is a reverse index, r= -1, the indexes are consistent with each other in 2020 based on a conservation principle, and the indexes are assigned 1, and the data in 2013 are researched to be used as reference data to participate in calculation;
s3, constructing a model: the method comprises the steps of adjusting indexes of different categories according to a principle of 'low tolerance to damage loss of life and health', wherein the principle is that 'under the condition of the same pollution cost', the cost is more hopefully embodied in 'environmental treatment investment class', 'treatment equipment operation cost' and the like, but not in 'pollution accident loss class', 'health or life loss class', meanwhile, according to a hierarchical structure determined by an evaluation index system, according to the AHP method requirement, consulting expert opinion, forming a judgment matrix, obtaining weights of indexes of each hierarchy through calculation, marking as Ci, inviting the expert to weigh the harmfulness and relative importance of various indexes in the weight determination process, analyzing the indexes by using a hierarchical analysis method in the adjustment process, determining the weight, and then according to model connotation, the ecological environment sustainability (EQI) is the sum of products of the weights of the indexes and standardized data, wherein the concrete calculation formula is as follows:
wherein n=61;
s4, verification and optimization: and verifying the model by the known data and the model data, optimizing the model according to a verification result and the opinion of an expert, and designing three evaluation grades in the verification process, wherein the three grades are specifically as follows:
EQI <1, quality degradation;
the EQI is more than or equal to 1 and less than 5, and the quality is improved;
the EQI is more than or equal to 5, and the quality is good.
It should be noted that, when EQI <1, it indicates that the overall ecological environment quality is degraded, and a trend of gradual degradation is presented; when EQI >1, the overall ecological environment quality is improved, the trend of gradual improvement is shown, the change of the numerical table is obvious, and the greater the overall environment improvement degree is. The EQI does not have limitation and tends to infinity due to the limitation of the development level of environmental management, economy, science and technology, and the EQI is good in overall ecological environment and beneficial to living when the EQI is more than 5 according to experience.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological environment sustainable development degree evaluation method based on AHP weighting is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining connotation and construction principles: the method comprises the steps of integrating related discipline concepts of an environmental quality evaluation system by searching internet files, consulting library materials and related papers, so as to determine the model connotation of the sustainable development degree of the ecological environment, analyzing and judging by adopting a theoretical analysis method or a professional judgment method, conforming to three principles in the judgment process, and correcting by combining an expert consultation method;
s2, determining indexes: the method comprises the steps of determining indexes based on the research model connotation and model construction principle, researching and selecting historical statistics data to conduct model research, carrying out standardization processing on evaluation index data, selecting the data as reference data to participate in calculation, and obtaining relative indexes of the indexes, namely dimensionless standardization value T, by adopting the raw data of the indexes in the evaluation period to remove the data of the corresponding indexes in the basic period, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: index normalized value ti= (evaluation index data/reference data) r= (Wi/W reference year) r, wherein: r=1 or-1, r=1 when the index is a forward index, and r= -1 when the index is a reverse index;
s3, constructing a model: the indexes of different categories are regulated by a principle, the indexes are analyzed by a hierarchical analysis method in the regulation process, so that weights are determined, and then according to model connotation, the ecological environment sustainability (EQI) is the sum of products of the weights of all indexes and standardized data, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein n=61;
s4, verification and optimization: and data is sent to the data model so as to verify the model, and the model is verified through the known data and the model, and then the model is optimized according to the verification result and the opinion of an expert.
2. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the S1 determines that the index category comprises common environmental quality and economic and social data, further comprises technological investment, health level and environmental management factors, and the index setting comprises qualitative concepts of 'duty ratio' and 'standard rate' and quantitative data of 'concentration' and 'area'.
3. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of the ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the environmental quality factors comprise soil, atmosphere, water, noise, radioactivity and ecological environment elements, and the index setting also timely introduces the safety utilization rate of the polluted land and the transaction success rate of the carbon emission rights, wherein the safety utilization rate of the polluted land and the agricultural land, the ecological environment quality index, the respiratory system diseases account for the proportion of all the death people and the cerebrovascular diseases account for the proportion of all the death people.
4. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction principle in S1 comprises three principles of science, representativeness and operability.
5. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the index in the S2 mainly comes from five aspects of environmental quality level, environmental technology input level, environmental treatment investment level, social development level and environmental loss degree, and the index is 61 in total.
6. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and the indexes in S2 are based on a conservation principle, the assignment is consistent with 2020, the indexes are all assigned 1, and the study takes 2013 data as reference data to participate in calculation.
7. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the principle in S3 is a "low tolerance to damage to life and health" principle, and it is specifically "under the condition of the same pollution cost," the cost is more hoped to be embodied in an "environmental treatment investment class", "treatment equipment running fee" class, rather than a "pollution accident loss class" and a "health or life loss class".
8. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and S3, according to the hierarchical structure determined by the evaluation index system, consulting expert opinion according to the AHP method requirement to form a judgment matrix, and calculating to obtain the weights of the indexes of each hierarchy, and marking the weights as Ci.
9. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the step S3, inviting the expert to balance the harmfulness and relative importance of various indexes in the weight determining process.
10. The method for evaluating the sustainable development degree of an ecological environment based on weighting of AHP according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: three evaluation levels are designed in the S4 verification process, and the three levels are specifically as follows:
EQI <1, quality degradation;
the EQI is more than or equal to 1 and less than 5, and the quality is improved;
the EQI is more than or equal to 5, and the quality is good.
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