CN117667313A - Method and equipment for rapidly preparing bare metal server - Google Patents
Method and equipment for rapidly preparing bare metal server Download PDFInfo
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- CN117667313A CN117667313A CN202311721087.7A CN202311721087A CN117667313A CN 117667313 A CN117667313 A CN 117667313A CN 202311721087 A CN202311721087 A CN 202311721087A CN 117667313 A CN117667313 A CN 117667313A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000013515 script Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The application aims to provide a method and equipment for rapidly preparing a bare metal server, wherein a network block device running iscsi protocol is created by mapping a system image with a specified format into the network block device of a deployment server, and the network block device is loaded into the server device; distributing ip and a network bootstrap startup file for a network card of the target bare metal server; loading an image file and a kernel file to execute a deployment script, determining a system path of a target disk in the deployment script, logging in the server device, and confirming the system path of a source disk; the source disc content is written to the target disc. The existing service is packaged into the corresponding mirror image, the service can be rapidly deployed on each bare metal server, the middle process is fully automatic, human participation is not needed, all service data are reserved, and the bare metal server is started up for use after the deployment is finished.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of computers, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for quickly provisioning a bare metal server.
Background
The bare metal server (Bare Metal server, BMS) is a server to which an operating system is not installed. Bare metal servers are used by users by delivering physical servers directly to meet the performance requirements of these user applications. The existing bare metal server is generally based on the PXE technology, and deploys and installs the mirror image in the ISO format. The PXE is used for allowing a client to dynamically acquire resources required for starting from a remote server through a network; ISO image is a standard optical disc image format that can be used to write an operating system to a hard disc.
The method of deploying the ISO image by PXE can only call the installer from the remote end, requires the user to manually perform the configuration of the installation parameters or prepare the installation script of the corresponding operating system, and does not support the image in the qcow2 format which is popular at present. After the system is installed, no service data exists, and related services all need to be redeployed. For the batch deployment scenario of existing services, it is very cumbersome and time consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide a method and apparatus for quickly provisioning a bare metal server, which solve the problems in the prior art that the current popular qcow2 format mirror image is not supported, and manual operation and time consuming are required for a user.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of rapidly provisioning a bare metal server, the method comprising:
mapping a system image with a specified format into network block equipment of a deployment server, creating server equipment for running iscsi protocol, and loading the network block equipment into the server equipment;
distributing ip and a network bootstrap startup file for a network card of the target bare metal server;
loading an image file and a kernel file to execute a deployment script, determining a system path of a target disk in the deployment script, logging in the server device, and confirming the system path of a source disk;
and writing the content of the source disc into the target disc according to the system path of the source disc and the system path of the target disc.
Optionally, mapping the system image of the specified format to a network block device of the deployment server includes:
placing the prepared qcow2 or raw format system image on a deployment server;
mapping the system image into a network block device of a deployment server.
Optionally, creating a server device running iscsi protocol, loading a network block device into the server device, including:
creating a server device running iscsi protocol for the target bare metal server through an open-source SCSI target manager;
and loading the network block equipment into the server equipment, and mapping the network block equipment into the next logic unit number of the server equipment.
Optionally, the ip and the network bootstrap startup file are allocated to the network card of the target bare metal server, including:
configuring a DHCP file, and mapping the mac address and ip of the network card of the target bare metal server into a network card ip mapping rule configuration file;
and designating the file name of the network bootstrap program as a preset bootstrap file in the DHCP file, and carrying out chained loading operation based on the mac address in the bootstrap file.
Optionally, determining a system path of the target disk in the deployment script includes:
the system path of the target disk is found in the deployment script using the lsblk tool for the globally unique name of the target disk selected by the user.
Optionally, logging in the server device, and confirming a system path of the source disc, including:
logging in the server-side equipment running iscsi protocol by using a tool for discovering the server-side equipment so as to enable the target bare metal server to access a source disk;
and obtaining a system path corresponding to the source disk based on the tool for discovering the server device.
Optionally, writing the source disc content to the target disc according to the system path of the source disc and the system path of the target disc includes:
and writing the mirror image content of the source disk into the target disk by using a dd tool based on the system path of the source disk and the system path of the target disk, so as to complete the system mirror image deployment of the bare metal server.
Optionally, the method comprises:
and judging whether the writing is successful, if not, carrying out failure error reporting, and sending notification information for preparing the failure of the bare metal server.
According to yet another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an apparatus for rapidly provisioning a bare metal server, the apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and
a memory storing computer readable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform operations of the method as described above.
According to yet another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer readable instructions executable by a processor to implement a method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the system mirror image with the specified format is mapped into the network block device of the deployment server, the server device running the iscsi protocol is created, and the network block device is loaded into the server device; distributing ip and a network bootstrap startup file for a network card of the target bare metal server; loading an image file and a kernel file to execute a deployment script, determining a system path of a target disk in the deployment script, logging in the server device, and confirming the system path of a source disk; and writing the content of the source disc into the target disc according to the system path of the source disc and the system path of the target disc. The existing service is packaged into the corresponding mirror image, the service can be rapidly deployed on each bare metal server, the middle process is fully automatic, human participation is not needed, all service data are reserved, and the bare metal server is started up for use after the deployment is finished.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the following drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a method flow diagram for quickly provisioning a bare metal server, provided in accordance with an aspect of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for provisioning bare metal servers in an embodiment of the present application.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings refer to the same or similar parts.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one typical configuration of the present application, the terminal, the devices of the service network, and the trusted party each include one or more processors (e.g., central processing units (Central Processing Unit, CPU)), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The Memory may include non-volatile Memory in a computer readable medium, random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) and/or non-volatile Memory, etc., such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.
Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase-Change RAM (PRAM), static random access Memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM), dynamic random access Memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read-Only Memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-Only Memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM), flash Memory or other Memory technology, read-Only optical disk read-Only Memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM), digital versatile disks (Digital Versatile Disk, DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by the computing device. Computer readable media, as defined herein, does not include non-transitory computer readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
Fig. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for quickly provisioning a bare metal server according to an aspect of the present application, the method comprising: step S11 to step S14, wherein,
step S11, mapping a system image with a specified format into network block equipment of a deployment server, creating server equipment running iscsi protocol, and loading the network block equipment into the server equipment; the specified format can be some existing mirror formats, such as qcow2 and raw formats, and the system mirror is mapped into network block equipment (nbd) of the deployment server, so that unified management is facilitated, and preparation is made for adding the nbd equipment as a logical unit number in the server equipment. When mapping is deployed, a server device running iscsi protocol is also created for the target bare metal server, and the nbd device is loaded into the server device, where iscsi is a storage protocol used to transmit the scsi protocol over an IP network, which allows a computer running on a remote device to connect to the storage device over the network. In the method, the back-end storage equipment is shielded through a unified iscsi interface, so that the product compatibility is enhanced.
Specifically, in step S11, the prepared qcow2 or raw format system image is placed on the deployment server; mapping the system image into a network block device of a deployment server. Here, the system image refers to a file storing an operating system, an application program, and data, and the image includes qcow2, raw, and other formats. qcow2 is a disk image format supported by QEMU emu, which can represent a block of fixed-size block device disks in the form of a file. The raw format is an original data format in which data of a virtual disk is directly stored in a file. qcow2 format is more flexible and efficient, supporting more advanced functions, while raw format is relatively simple and faster. In the embodiment of the application, the images in qcow2 and raw formats are supported, the prepared system images in qcow2 or raw formats are placed on a deployment server, and the deployment server is a server for storing image files and providing dhcp and iscsi target functions, and the bare metal server completes image deployment operation by interacting with the deployment server in the deployment process. The qcow2 format image is mapped into the nbd device of the deployment server through qemu-nbd, and the raw image is mapped into the nbd device of the deployment server through rbd-nbd tool. Wherein qemu-nbd is a driver that maps qemu image files (saved in qcow2 format) to a native nbd (Network Block Device/network block device) device, which other machines can access via the nbd protocol. rbd-nbd is a driver that can map rbd devices (stored in raw format) provided by ceph clusters to a native nbd device that other machines can access through the nbd protocol.
Then, creating a server device running iscsi protocol for the target bare metal server through an open-source SCSI target manager; and loading the network block equipment into the server equipment, and mapping the network block equipment into the next logic unit number of the server equipment. In this process, a tool is used to map an image file in qcow2/raw format to a network block device of the local machine for unified management, after an nbd device is added to a lun in an iscsi target by using a targettli in preparation, an iscsi target is created for a target bare metal server by using the targettli tool, and the nbd device is loaded into the target, so that the nbd device is mapped to a lun under the iscsi target (Logical Unit Number ). Wherein targettli is an open source SCSI target manager for providing storage services for iscsi, fibre Channel and AoE (ATA over Ethernet), is part of the Linux kernel and helps to configure and manage iscsi, fibre Channel and AoE targets running on Linux systems. Targettli is used herein primarily to expose the above-mentioned nbd device through iscsi protocol for bare metal server access through iscsi protocol. iscsi target refers to a server device running iscsi protocol in a network, and provides remote storage resources for clients. The iscsi target is mainly responsible for establishing a secure and reliable connection between the client and the local storage device, so that the client can access the remote storage resource like the local storage. luns are used to identify a block of independent storage area on iscsi target.
Step S12, an ip and a network bootstrap startup file are allocated for the network card of the target bare metal server; here, the target bare metal server is a bare metal server to be prepared, and a system image needs to be stored on the target bare metal server, and ip and ipxe (network boot program) start files are allocated to a network card of the target bare metal server, so that different bare metal servers are guided to respective corresponding ipxe start scripts. It should be noted that ipxe is an extension of pxe (Preboot Execution Environment), which is an open-source network guidance framework. ipxe supports a variety of network protocols (HTTP, ISCSI, etc.), while allowing the user to execute custom scripts at boot time.
Step S13, loading an image file and a kernel file to execute a deployment script, determining a system path of a target disk in the deployment script, logging in the server device, and confirming the system path of a source disk; in the ipxe startup script, an image file (initrd. Img) and a vmlinuz standard kernel file are loaded for a target bare metal server, wherein the initrd. Img is the image file, which is used for providing enough hardware driving support and basic system environment before the kernel is actually loaded. The Vmlinuz is a Linux kernel file, is the first program loaded when the system is started, and mainly comprises a file system, a memory management module and the like, and is used for guiding the system. After loading the two, a miniature linux operating system can be temporarily operated on the bare metal server to provide an execution environment for deploying the script; so that the bare metal server can execute the deployment script. Therefore, lightweight and agile deployment capability is provided by presetting microkernels. And determining a local target disk of the bare metal server in the deployment script, finding a system path of the target disk, logging in the iscsi target created in the step S11, and obtaining the system path of the corresponding source disk.
And step S14, writing the content of the source disc into the target disc according to the system path of the source disc and the system path of the target disc. The source disc content can be written into the target disc according to the determined system path, namely the mirror image content is written into the local area of the target bare metal server, and when deployment is finished, the target bare metal server is started up for use.
In an embodiment of the present application, whether writing is successful is determined, if not, failure reporting is performed, and notification information of failure of the bare metal server is sent. In this case, as shown in fig. 2, a qcow2/raw image is mapped into nbd equipment, a dhcp file is configured, ip and ipxe starting files are allocated for a bare metal server network card, initrd. Img and vmlinuz kernel files are loaded, deployment scripts are executed, and iscsi target is logged in to confirm the system paths of a source disk and a target disk; and writing the content of the source disc into the target disc through the dd tool, judging whether the writing is successful, if so, finishing the preparation, and if not, performing failure error reporting. Through the deployment method of ipxe and iscsi, the existing service can be rapidly deployed on each bare metal server only by packing the existing service into a corresponding mirror image, the middle process is fully automatic, human participation is not needed, all service data are reserved, and the bare metal server is started to be used after the deployment is finished.
In an embodiment of the present application, in step S12, a DHCP file is configured, and the mac address and ip of the target bare metal server network card are mapped into a network card ip mapping rule configuration file; and designating the file name of the network bootstrap program as a preset bootstrap file in the DHCP file, and carrying out chained loading operation based on the mac address in the bootstrap file. Here, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ) is a network protocol of a local area network, working with UDP (User Datagram Protocol ), automatically assigning an IP address to an internal network or network service provider. Configuring a dhcp file, writing the mac address and IP mapping of a target bare metal server PXE network card into a host (network card IP mapping rule configuration file), so as to allocate IP for the bare metal server PXE network card, simultaneously, designating the IP xe file name as a preset boot. Ipxe file in the dhcp, carrying out chainload operation based on the mac address in the boot. Ipxe, and guiding different bare metal servers into respective corresponding ipxe start scripts.
In one embodiment of the present application, in step S13, the system path of the target disk is found in the deployment script using the lsblk tool for the globally unique name of the target disk selected by the user. Logging in the server-side equipment running iscsi protocol by using a tool for discovering the server-side equipment so as to enable the target bare metal server to access a source disk; and obtaining a system path corresponding to the source disk based on the tool for discovering the server device. Here, in the deployment script, the lsblk tool is used for wwn (globally unique name) of the target disk selected by the user, to find the system path of the target disk; by using the iscsi target prepared in step S11, the ischiadm tool is used to log in to the target iscsi target, so that the bare metal server can access the source disk, and obtain the system path corresponding to the source disk based on the ischiadm tool. By automatically mounting and identifying mirror image equipment, a technical solution with a low threshold is provided.
In an embodiment of the present application, in step S14, based on the system path of the source disk and the system path of the target disk, the dd tool is used to write the mirror image content of the source disk into the target disk, so as to complete the system mirror image deployment of the bare metal server. Here, the source disk system path and the target disk system path determined in step S13 are written with the source disk content to the target disk by the dd tool, thereby completing the system image deployment of the bare metal server. Where dd is a command line utility in Linux, and is mainly used for performing low-level disk operations, and it may be used for copying files, converting file formats, creating disk images, performing disk backup and restore operations, etc. Dd is used in the embodiments of the present application primarily to write mirrored content to the local disk of the bare metal server.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable medium, on which computer readable instructions are stored, the computer readable instructions being executable by a processor to implement the aforementioned method for quickly provisioning a bare metal server.
In an embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an apparatus for rapidly provisioning a bare metal server, the apparatus including:
one or more processors; and
a memory storing computer readable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform operations of the method as described above.
For example, computer-readable instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to:
mapping a system image with a specified format into network block equipment of a deployment server, creating server equipment for running iscsi protocol, and loading the network block equipment into the server equipment;
distributing ip and a network bootstrap startup file for a network card of the target bare metal server;
loading an image file and a kernel file to execute a deployment script, determining a system path of a target disk in the deployment script, logging in the server device, and confirming the system path of a source disk;
and writing the content of the source disc into the target disc according to the system path of the source disc and the system path of the target disc.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.
It should be noted that the present application may be implemented in software and/or a combination of software and hardware, for example, using Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), a general purpose computer or any other similar hardware device. In one embodiment, the software programs of the present application may be executed by a processor to implement the steps or functions as described above. Likewise, the software programs of the present application (including associated data structures) may be stored on a computer readable recording medium, such as RAM memory, magnetic or optical drive or diskette and the like. In addition, some steps or functions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, for example, as circuitry that cooperates with the processor to perform various steps or functions.
Furthermore, portions of the present application may be implemented as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which when executed by a computer, may invoke or provide methods and/or techniques in accordance with the present application by way of operation of the computer. Program instructions for invoking the methods of the present application may be stored in fixed or removable recording media and/or transmitted via a data stream in a broadcast or other signal bearing medium and/or stored within a working memory of a computer device operating according to the program instructions. An embodiment according to the present application comprises an apparatus comprising a memory for storing computer program instructions and a processor for executing the program instructions, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by the processor, trigger the apparatus to operate a method and/or a solution according to the embodiments of the present application as described above.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned. Furthermore, it is evident that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and that the singular does not exclude a plurality. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote a name, but not any particular order.
Claims (10)
1. A method for quickly provisioning a bare metal server, the method comprising:
mapping a system image with a specified format into network block equipment of a deployment server, creating server equipment for running iscsi protocol, and loading the network block equipment into the server equipment;
distributing ip and a network bootstrap startup file for a network card of the target bare metal server;
loading an image file and a kernel file to execute a deployment script, determining a system path of a target disk in the deployment script, logging in the server device, and confirming the system path of a source disk;
and writing the content of the source disc into the target disc according to the system path of the source disc and the system path of the target disc.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein mapping the system image in the specified format to the network block device of the deployment server comprises:
placing the prepared qcow2 or raw format system image on a deployment server;
mapping the system image into a network block device of a deployment server.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein creating a server device running iscsi protocol, loading a network block device into the server device, comprises:
creating a server device running iscsi protocol for the target bare metal server through an open-source SCSI target manager;
and loading the network block equipment into the server equipment, and mapping the network block equipment into the next logic unit number of the server equipment.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein assigning ip and network boot startup files for the network card of the target bare metal server comprises:
configuring a DHCP file, and mapping the mac address and ip of the network card of the target bare metal server into a network card ip mapping rule configuration file;
and designating the file name of the network bootstrap program as a preset bootstrap file in the DHCP file, and carrying out chained loading operation based on the mac address in the bootstrap file.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a system path of a target disk in the deployment script comprises:
the system path of the target disk is found in the deployment script using the lsblk tool for the globally unique name of the target disk selected by the user.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein logging into the server device, validating the system path of the source disk, comprises:
logging in the server-side equipment running iscsi protocol by using a tool for discovering the server-side equipment so as to enable the target bare metal server to access a source disk;
and obtaining a system path corresponding to the source disk based on the tool for discovering the server device.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein writing the source disc content to the target disc based on the system path of the source disc and the system path of the target disc comprises:
and writing the mirror image content of the source disk into the target disk by using a dd tool based on the system path of the source disk and the system path of the target disk, so as to complete the system mirror image deployment of the bare metal server.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises:
and judging whether the writing is successful, if not, carrying out failure error reporting, and sending notification information for preparing the failure of the bare metal server.
9. An apparatus for quickly provisioning a bare metal server, the apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and
a memory storing computer readable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the operations of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer readable medium having stored thereon computer readable instructions executable by a processor to implement the method of any of claims 1 to 8.
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