CN117658234A - Method for recycling valuable metal from waste ternary lithium battery anode material - Google Patents

Method for recycling valuable metal from waste ternary lithium battery anode material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN117658234A
CN117658234A CN202311536518.2A CN202311536518A CN117658234A CN 117658234 A CN117658234 A CN 117658234A CN 202311536518 A CN202311536518 A CN 202311536518A CN 117658234 A CN117658234 A CN 117658234A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
slag
leaching
lithium battery
ternary lithium
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202311536518.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何天渔
赵君风
冯志伟
张国权
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JIANGMEN CHANCSUN UMICORE INDUSTRY CO LTD
Original Assignee
JIANGMEN CHANCSUN UMICORE INDUSTRY CO LTD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JIANGMEN CHANCSUN UMICORE INDUSTRY CO LTD filed Critical JIANGMEN CHANCSUN UMICORE INDUSTRY CO LTD
Priority to CN202311536518.2A priority Critical patent/CN117658234A/en
Publication of CN117658234A publication Critical patent/CN117658234A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

A method for recycling valuable metals from waste ternary lithium battery anode materials comprises the following steps: disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes; adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid; grinding and crushing the leaching slag, and mixing the leaching slag with molten salt for primary calcination to obtain primary calcined slag; grinding, crushing, washing and drying the primary calcined slag, and carrying out secondary calcination in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material. According to the invention, through combining a wet method and a fire method, firstly, lithium of a positive electrode material is leached and separated, and leaching slag containing nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum is obtained after filtration; and then mixing and calcining leaching residues and molten salt to reform a crystal structure, and finally removing conductive carbon and a recycling aluminum foil in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, so that the recycling utilization of the waste ternary lithium ion battery is realized, a new precursor is synthesized by nickel, cobalt and manganese, the precursor is formed into a porous shape by the conductive carbon, and the aluminum foil is coated on the precursor to play a role in protection.

Description

Method for recycling valuable metal from waste ternary lithium battery anode material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery recovery, in particular to a method for recovering nickel, cobalt and manganese from a ternary lithium ion battery.
Background
The lithium ion power battery is a core component of the new energy vehicle, and the holding capacity of the lithium ion power battery is rapidly improved along with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle. Meanwhile, the recycling of the waste lithium ion batteries is also widely focused, particularly the recycling of the waste ternary lithium ion batteries is focused, so that the waste ternary lithium ion batteries are recycled into a development expressway.
At present, valuable metals of the waste lithium ion batteries are mainly recovered by a wet method and a fire method, the waste lithium ion batteries are subjected to acid leaching or alkaline leaching by the wet method, and then the single metal product is obtained through the processes of multistage extraction, precipitation, filtration and the like, but the waste water produced by the wet method recovery process is large in quantity and high in treatment cost, so that the application of the wet method process is limited; the pyrogenic process has low requirements on raw materials, can treat waste battery raw materials in a large scale to obtain a metal mixture or a metal alloy, but has high energy consumption and large waste gas production. The traditional fire method and the wet method are combined, namely the metal is reduced by fire method calcination, and then separated by the wet method, so that the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the invention aims to provide a method for efficiently recycling valuable metals in the waste ternary lithium battery positive plate, which realizes the efficient recycling of nickel, cobalt and manganese by combining a wet method and a fire method and fully utilizes the carbon conductive agent of the positive electrode material and the aluminum foil of the current collector.
A method for recycling valuable metals from waste ternary lithium battery anode materials comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
mixing the leaching slag with molten salt for primary calcination to obtain primary calcination slag;
and washing and drying the primary calcination slag, and performing secondary calcination to obtain the anode precursor material.
According to the invention, the waste batteries are disassembled to separate out the positive electrode, then, the positive electrode is leached by adopting a calcium superphosphate solution, and the calcium superphosphate is weakly acidic after being dissolved, so that lithium of a positive electrode material can be dissolved out, and other metals are not dissolved, thereby separating lithium and obtaining leaching slag containing nickel, cobalt and manganese; mixing and calcining leaching slag and molten salt to reform the leaching slag containing nickel, cobalt and manganese into a crystal structure; and then washing the primary calcination slag with water to remove redundant molten salt, and finally carrying out secondary calcination to remove impurities.
As a preferred embodiment, the molten salt comprises one or more of lithium chloride, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride or sodium carbonate, and at high temperature the molten salt dissolves the leaching residue to form an ionic melt, in which process a new crystal structure is formed.
As a preferable scheme, the mass ratio of the leaching residue to the molten salt is 1:1-3, if the consumption of molten salt is too low, the calcination time is longer, the consumption is too high, and the subsequent separation is difficult.
As a preferable scheme, the primary calcination temperature is 1000-1600 ℃ and the time is 2-10 hours, the calcination temperature is too low and the time is too short, the calcination effect cannot be achieved, and the nickel-cobalt-manganese metal cannot completely form crystals; the calcination temperature is too high, the calcination time is too long, and the calcination effect is not obviously improved.
As a preferable scheme, the secondary calcination temperature is 600-800 ℃ and the time is 2-4 hours, the calcination temperature is too low and the time is too short, the calcination effect cannot be achieved, the impurity removal is incomplete, the calcination temperature is too high and the time is too long, and the calcination effect is not obviously improved.
As a preferable scheme, the leaching slag and the primary calcined slag also need to be crushed and ground, and the calcination time can be reduced after grinding and crushing.
As a preferable scheme, the leaching slag and the primary calcined slag are crushed and ground to 30-60 meshes, the calcination time is required to be increased when the particle size is too large, and the grinding time is longer when the particle size is too small, so that the production is not facilitated.
As a preferable scheme, the primary calcination slag is subjected to secondary calcination in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, and residual carbon in the primary calcination slag is oxidized to generate carbon dioxide and release in the oxygen-containing atmosphere, so that the generated precursor material is fluffy and porous, and the specific surface area is increased; meanwhile, aluminum is oxidized into aluminum oxide to be coated on the surface of the precursor, so that direct contact with electrolyte is avoided, and the cycle performance of the material can be improved.
According to the invention, through combining a wet method and a fire method, firstly, lithium of a positive electrode material is leached and separated, and leaching slag containing nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum is obtained after filtration; the crystal structure of the lithium ion battery is gradually disordered in the circulation process, so that the circulation performance is reduced and finally scrapped, the leached slag is ground and crushed and mixed with molten salt to be calcined for the first time, and at the moment, the nickel, cobalt and manganese are calcined at a high temperature to form the crystal structure again in an ionic state, so that the primary calcined slag is obtained; finally, the primary calcined slag is crushed, ground, washed with water and filtered to remove redundant molten salt, secondary calcination is carried out, impurities are mainly removed in secondary calcination, conductive carbon in a positive electrode material, a current collector aluminum foil and the aluminum foil are also contained in leached slag, the conductive carbon is released in a carbon dioxide form in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, and the aluminum foil is coated on the surface of a precursor in an aluminum oxide form, so that the precursor material is loose and porous, and the surface coating of the aluminum oxide also has a protective effect. According to the invention, the resource utilization of the waste ternary lithium ion battery is realized through the combination of the wet method and the fire method, the nickel, cobalt and manganese are synthesized into a new precursor, the precursor is made into a porous shape by conductive carbon, and the aluminum foil is coated on the precursor to play a role in protection.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
grinding and crushing the leaching slag to 30-60 meshes, and mixing the leaching slag with molten salt according to the mass ratio of 1:1-3, and performing primary calcination to obtain primary calcination slag, wherein the primary calcination temperature is 1000-1600 ℃ and the time is 2-10 hours, and the molten salt comprises one or more of lithium chloride, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride or sodium carbonate;
grinding and crushing the primary calcined slag to 30-60 meshes, washing and drying the primary calcined slag, and performing secondary calcination under an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material, wherein the secondary calcination temperature is 600-800 ℃ and the time is 2-4 hours.
Example 1
The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
grinding and crushing the leaching slag to 40 meshes, and mixing the leaching slag with lithium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing, and calcining for 6 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain primary calcined slag;
grinding and crushing the primary calcined slag to 40 meshes, washing with water, drying the primary calcined slag, and calcining for 4 hours at 600 ℃ in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material.
Example 2
The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
grinding and crushing the leaching slag to 60 meshes, and mixing the leaching slag with lithium hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5, mixing, and calcining for 3 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain primary calcined slag;
grinding and crushing the primary calcined slag to 60 meshes, washing with water, drying the primary calcined slag, and calcining for 4 hours at 800 ℃ in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material.
Example 3
The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
grinding and crushing the leaching slag to 50 meshes, and mixing the leaching slag with lithium carbonate according to the mass ratio of 1:3, mixing, and calcining for 2 hours at 1200 ℃ to obtain primary calcined slag;
grinding and crushing the primary calcined slag to 30 meshes, washing with water, drying the primary calcined slag, and calcining for 2 hours at 700 ℃ in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material.
Example 4
The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
grinding and crushing the leaching slag to 30 meshes, and mixing the leaching slag with molten salt according to the mass ratio of 1:2, mixing, and calcining for 10 hours at 1600 ℃ to obtain primary calcined slag, wherein the molten salt is sodium chloride and sodium carbonate according to the mass ratio of 1:1, a mixture of two or more of the above-mentioned materials;
grinding and crushing the primary calcined slag to 30 meshes, washing with water, drying the primary calcined slag, and calcining for 2 hours at 600 ℃ in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material.
Example 5
The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
grinding and crushing the leaching slag to 45 meshes, and mixing the leaching slag with calcium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing, and calcining for 6 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain primary calcined slag;
grinding and crushing the primary calcined slag to 45 meshes, washing with water, drying the primary calcined slag, and calcining at 600 ℃ for 4 hours in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material.
Example 6
The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which comprises the following steps:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
grinding and crushing the leaching slag to 40 meshes, and mixing the leaching slag with lithium carbonate according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing, and calcining for 8 hours at 1000 ℃ to obtain primary calcined slag;
grinding and crushing the primary calcined slag to 50 meshes, washing with water, drying the primary calcined slag, and calcining for 4 hours at 750 ℃ in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the anode precursor material.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The method for recycling valuable metals from the waste ternary lithium battery anode material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
disassembling the waste batteries to separate out positive electrodes;
adding the positive electrode into calcium superphosphate for acid leaching, and filtering to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid;
mixing the leaching slag with molten salt for primary calcination to obtain primary calcination slag;
and washing and drying the primary calcination slag, and performing secondary calcination to obtain the anode precursor material.
2. The method for recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium battery positive electrode materials according to claim 1, wherein the molten salt comprises one or more of lithium chloride, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride or sodium carbonate.
3. The method for recycling valuable metals of the waste ternary lithium battery anode material according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the leaching slag to the molten salt is 1:1-3.
4. The method for recycling valuable metals of the waste ternary lithium battery anode material according to claim 1, wherein the primary calcination temperature is 1000-1600 ℃ and the time is 2-10h.
5. The method for recycling valuable metals of the waste ternary lithium battery anode material according to claim 1, wherein the secondary calcination temperature is 600-800 ℃ and the time is 2-4h.
6. The method for recycling valuable metals of the waste ternary lithium battery anode material according to claim 1, wherein the leaching slag and the primary calcined slag are further crushed and ground.
7. The method for recycling valuable metals of the waste ternary lithium battery anode material, which is characterized in that leaching slag and primary calcined slag are crushed and ground to 30-60 meshes.
8. The method for recycling valuable metals of the waste ternary lithium battery anode material according to claim 1, wherein the primary calcination slag is subjected to secondary calcination in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
CN202311536518.2A 2023-11-17 2023-11-17 Method for recycling valuable metal from waste ternary lithium battery anode material Pending CN117658234A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311536518.2A CN117658234A (en) 2023-11-17 2023-11-17 Method for recycling valuable metal from waste ternary lithium battery anode material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311536518.2A CN117658234A (en) 2023-11-17 2023-11-17 Method for recycling valuable metal from waste ternary lithium battery anode material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117658234A true CN117658234A (en) 2024-03-08

Family

ID=90076221

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311536518.2A Pending CN117658234A (en) 2023-11-17 2023-11-17 Method for recycling valuable metal from waste ternary lithium battery anode material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117658234A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107196007B (en) Lithium battery recycling method
JP4144820B2 (en) Method for regenerating positive electrode active material from lithium ion secondary battery
CN111129632B (en) Method for recycling anode and cathode mixed materials of waste ternary lithium ion battery
CN101831548B (en) Method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium manganese oxide battery
CN107653378A (en) The recovery method of valuable metal in a kind of waste and old nickel cobalt manganese lithium ion battery
CN110343864B (en) Method for recovering lithium and cobalt in waste electrode material by microwave roasting assistance
KR101718000B1 (en) Method for Recycling Lead Oxide from Lead Oxide-Containing Waste Material
CN111392750A (en) Method for removing impurities and recovering lithium from waste lithium ion batteries
CN111547697B (en) Method for repairing waste lithium iron phosphate material
CN104485493B (en) The reparative regeneration method of lithium cobaltate cathode active material in used Li ion cell
CN112877548B (en) Method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium ion battery anode powder
CN112960705B (en) Method for recycling quaternary lithium ion battery anode material
CN111048862A (en) Method for efficiently recovering lithium ion battery anode and cathode materials as supercapacitor electrode materials
CN114477240A (en) Preparation method of battery-grade lithium hydroxide
CN114717422B (en) Method for recovering valuable metals in retired lithium battery by mechanochemical method
CN111321297A (en) Method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries
CN110791668B (en) Method for recovering manganese from lithium ion battery anode waste containing manganese element
CN104466293B (en) The renovation process of lithium ion cell anode material lithium cobaltate waste material
CN112062143A (en) Acid-free lithium carbonate preparation method using waste lithium ion battery as raw material
CN111455176B (en) Method for recovering waste lithium cobaltate positive electrode material
WO2024066184A1 (en) Method for recycling lithium iron phosphate battery
CN108103323A (en) A kind of recovery method of the positive electrode of nickel cobalt manganese old and useless battery
CN113735109B (en) Method for recovering graphite from lithium ion battery and application thereof
CN114024049B (en) Regeneration method of graphite cathode of waste lithium cobalt oxide battery
CN112786987B (en) Regeneration method of retired lithium ion battery positive electrode material

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination