CN117655302B - Die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting product - Google Patents
Die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting product Download PDFInfo
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- CN117655302B CN117655302B CN202410132086.7A CN202410132086A CN117655302B CN 117655302 B CN117655302 B CN 117655302B CN 202410132086 A CN202410132086 A CN 202410132086A CN 117655302 B CN117655302 B CN 117655302B
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum die casting, and discloses a die casting process for intermediate casting of an aluminum die casting product, which comprises the following steps: step 1, rapidly heating molten metal to 700-730 ℃, and step 2: the preheating temperature of the die is up to 350 ℃, a heating protection medium is injected to compensate the temperature of the die, the temperature of the heating protection medium at the die inlet at the far gate end is higher than 350 ℃, the heating protection medium flows from the die far gate end to the middle gate end, and meanwhile, a release agent is sprayed to form a gradient temperature reducing surface from far to near; under the cooling condition caused by the contact water evaporation of the release agent and the surface of the die cavity, a heating protection medium is fed into the mold from the far gate end in the process of spraying the release agent. When the temperature-rising protection medium moves from the far gate end to the near gate end, the temperature of the temperature-rising protection medium is gradually reduced, so that the temperature difference between the far gate end and the temperature-rising protection medium is larger than that between the near gate end and the temperature-rising protection medium, and when the release agent is sprayed, a smooth temperature gradient is naturally formed on the surface of the die cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum die casting, in particular to a die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting products.
Background
When the aluminum liquid is pressed into the cavity at a high speed and enters the die from the gate end, the temperature difference is affected, so that the temperature of the aluminum liquid is quickly reduced, and when the aluminum liquid moves to the far gate end from the cavity, the aluminum product is subjected to the reason of temperature reduction, so that the far gate end of the aluminum product is defective or the performance difference between the far gate end and the near gate end is larger.
The middle casting process is suitable for machining symmetrical and regular workpieces, and aims to reduce the distance between the maximum far gate end and the gate end and reduce the defect of the far gate end workpiece caused by the distance travel. When the workpiece is large, the intermediate casting process can generate a plurality of far-gate ends with the same spacing or small spacing difference, so that the use problem still occurs when the performance of the plurality of far-gate ends is large in difference with that of the near-gate ends.
The Chinese patent discloses a large-scale complicated structure die casting method based on temperature compensation, the publication number of which is (CN 116237491A), wherein a plurality of heating elements are distributed in a die for independent heating, the die is formed into a ladder temperature die according to the heating temperature difference, the temperature difference is formed between the far-end temperature and the near-end temperature, and the problem that the temperature of far-end molten metal is lower is compensated. Although the invention can play a certain role, the temperature gradient of the die is not smooth, and only certain independent areas can be compensated, so that the invention is suitable for the use of irregular components in independent points where problems easily occur. With a temperature gradient, a plurality of individual heating elements are required for individual control, whereas the gap area of the heating elements can only be subjected to temperature changes by the heat transfer action of the mold itself. If the number of elements is small and the area is large, this results in an uneven temperature gradient formed by the heating elements. The heating elements are more and the area is smaller, so that the temperature gradient is smooth, but the control is complicated, a high-temperature-resistant control cable needs to be embedded in the control, the complexity of the die is too high, and a heating period is also needed during starting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting products, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting products, comprising:
step 1, the aluminum alloy material comprises one or more than one of Mg, mn, zn, ti, cu, sr, zr, mo, si except main element Al, and is prepared by rapidly heating molten metal to 700-730 ℃ to reduce oxidation and slag formation, and refining and degassing in a machine-side heat preservation furnace;
step 2: the preheating temperature of the mould is up to 350 ℃, the temperature is matched with the film forming temperature of the release agent, under the condition of 350 ℃, the moisture in the release agent emulsion is quickly vaporized and volatilized at high temperature, the rest silicon molecules and the auxiliary agent form a layer of film on the mould, when the release agent is sprayed and coated at the temperature of the mould to 350 ℃, the moisture is changed into steam to evaporate, the heat on the surface of the mould cavity can be taken away, so that the temperature of the mould is reduced, and the temperature of the mould is actually lower than 350 ℃. The temperature rising is carried out again under the low temperature state to increase the operation time length of the working procedure, so that a temperature rising protection medium is added, the temperature rising protection medium is injected to compensate the temperature of the mould, the temperature rising protection medium flows from the far gate end of the mould to the middle gate end at the far gate end of the mould, the release agent is sprayed at the same time to form a gradient temperature reducing surface from far to near, a plurality of temperature rising channels are arranged at the fixed mould and the movable mould of the mould, the temperature rising channels are paved from the far gate end of the mould to the gate end, and the temperature rising channels are staggered with the cooling channels. The heating protection medium is heat conducting oil, and the heat conducting oil and the external heat preservation box are used for heat preservation and heating, so that the temperature of the heat conducting oil is higher than 350 ℃. The purpose of the temperature of more than 350 ℃ is that when the mold is preheated, sprayed with the release agent and cooled, the temperature of the mold is lower than 350 ℃, the temperature of the heat conduction oil and the temperature of the mold have larger temperature difference, the heat transfer effect is improved, and when the release agent is not sprayed, the temperature of the mold is 350 ℃ and the temperature distribution is uniform. When the temperature-rising protection medium moves from the far gate end of the die, the temperature-rising protection medium firstly exchanges heat with the far gate end of the die, the temperature of the heat conduction oil is reduced along with the movement towards the gate end, and the temperature difference between the heat conduction oil and the die close to the gate end is small when the temperature of the heat conduction oil is closer to the gate end, so that the temperature and the speed of the secondary temperature rising of the die are smaller than those of the far gate end after the die is subjected to spraying and cooling of the release agent. The characteristics of spraying period and spraying cooling of the release agent are utilized, and the temperature rising protection medium is utilized to carry out temperature rising compensation on the die and form a temperature gradient die from outside to inside, so that the quality influence of a finished product component caused by the temperature change of a far gate end is solved;
step 3: the low-speed injection speed of the aluminum liquid is 0.2-0.3m/s, the filling degree of the metal liquid in the hydraulic pressure chamber is 50-70%, the metal liquid is stably flowed, air is discharged, the high-speed injection speed is 6.1-6.4m/s, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 690-730 ℃, the casting pressure is 300bar, and the mold retention time is 30s;
step 4: and (3) after the mold is cooled, opening the mold, preheating to 350 ℃ by a mold preheating mechanism, introducing a heating protection medium, spraying a release agent, and repeating the step (2) for circulation.
As still further aspects of the invention: under the condition that the speed of the temperature-rising protection medium is unchanged, the residence time from the far gate end to the near gate end in the die is gradually shortened, the temperature-rising protection medium flows at a low speed, and the flow speed of the temperature-rising protection medium is selected according to the size of the die and the length of the runner. And when the temperature-rising protection medium passes through one round of temperature-rising circulation, the temperature of the far gate end of the die is smaller than the temperature of the die inlet of the temperature-rising protection medium.
As still further aspects of the invention: the release agent comprises 20-40 parts of high-temperature resistant silicone oil, 2-5 parts of high-temperature resistant auxiliary agent, 3-6 parts of emulsifier, 1-2 parts of stabilizer and 50-70 parts of deionized water.
As still further aspects of the invention: in the step 3, the low-speed injection speed of the molten aluminum is 0.25m/s, the high-speed injection speed is 6.3/s, the temperature of the molten aluminum is 730 ℃, and the casting pressure is 300bar.
As still further aspects of the invention: in the step 2, the spraying distance of the release agent is 300mm, the spraying flow is 1.5g/s, and the spraying time is 20s.
As still further aspects of the invention: the spraying preheating temperature of the release agent is less than 80 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the process, when the mold release agent is sprayed in a mold opening manner, a temperature-rising protection medium is fed into the mold from the far gate end in the process of spraying the mold release agent under the cooling condition caused by the contact water evaporation of the mold release agent and the surface of the mold cavity. When the temperature-rising protection medium moves from the far gate end to the near gate end, the temperature of the temperature-rising protection medium is gradually reduced, so that the temperature difference between the far gate end and the temperature-rising protection medium is larger than that between the near gate end and the temperature-rising protection medium, and by utilizing the temperature change characteristic of the temperature-rising protection medium, a smooth temperature gradient is naturally formed on the surface of a die cavity when the release agent is sprayed, and the process flow is simplified. Under the condition of avoiding flash, the high-speed injection speed is increased, so that the flow speed of molten metal is increased, and the material property difference between the far gate end and the near gate end is maximally reduced by combining a smooth temperature gradient.
Detailed Description
Embodiment one:
in this embodiment, the method includes: and step 1, rapidly heating an aluminum alloy material to 700-730 ℃ to reduce oxidation and slag formation, wherein the aluminum alloy material comprises one or more than one of Mg, mn, zn, ti, cu, sr, zr, mo, si except main element Al, and refining and degassing in a machine-side heat preservation furnace.
In this embodiment, step 2: the mould preheating temperature is up to 350 ℃, the mould temperature is compensated by pouring a heating protection medium, the temperature of the heating protection medium at the mould inlet at the far gate end is higher than 350 ℃, the heating protection medium flows from the mould far gate end to the middle gate end, and meanwhile, the release agent is sprayed to form a gradient temperature reducing surface from far to near.
In the embodiment, the preheating temperature of the mold is up to 350 ℃, the temperature is matched with the film forming temperature of the mold release agent, the mold release agent comprises 20-40 parts of high temperature resistant silicone oil, 2-5 parts of high temperature resistant auxiliary agent, 3-6 parts of emulsifying agent, 1-2 parts of stabilizing agent and 50-70 parts of deionized water, under the condition of 350 ℃, the moisture in the mold release agent emulsion is quickly vaporized and volatilized at high temperature, the rest silicon molecules and auxiliary agent form a layer of film on the mold, when the mold preheating temperature is up to 350 ℃, the surface heat of the mold cavity is taken away after the moisture vapor is vaporized, so that the mold is cooled, and the mold temperature is actually lower than 350 ℃. The temperature is raised again in a low temperature state, so that the operation time of the working procedure is prolonged, and a temperature-raising protective medium is added.
In the embodiment, heating runners are arranged at the fixed die and the movable die of the die, the heating runners are multiple, the heating runners are paved from the far gate end of the die to the gate end, and the heating runners are staggered with the cooling runners. The heating protection medium is heat conducting oil, and the heat conducting oil and the external heat preservation box are used for heat preservation and heating, so that the temperature of the heat conducting oil is higher than 350 ℃. The purpose of the temperature of more than 350 ℃ is that when the mold is preheated, sprayed and cooled by the release agent, the temperature of the mold is lower than 350 ℃, and the temperature of the heat conduction oil and the temperature of the mold have larger temperature difference, so that the heat transfer effect is improved.
In this example, when the mold release agent was not sprayed, the mold was preheated to 350 ℃ and the temperature distribution was uniform. When the temperature-rising protection medium moves from the far gate end of the die, the temperature-rising protection medium firstly exchanges heat with the far gate end of the die, the temperature of the heat conduction oil is reduced along with the movement towards the gate end, and the temperature difference between the heat conduction oil and the die close to the gate end is small when the temperature of the heat conduction oil is closer to the gate end, so that the temperature and the speed of the secondary temperature rising of the die are smaller than those of the far gate end after the die is subjected to spraying and cooling of the release agent. The characteristics of spraying period and spraying cooling of the release agent are utilized, and the temperature rising protection medium is utilized to carry out temperature rising compensation on the die and form the temperature gradient die from outside to inside, so that the quality influence of the finished product component caused by the temperature change of the far gate end is solved.
In this embodiment, step 3: the low-speed injection speed of the aluminum liquid is 0.2-0.3m/s, the high-speed injection speed is 6.1-6.4m/s, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 690-730 ℃, the casting pressure is 300bar, and the mold-retaining time is 30s.
In this embodiment, after entering the hydraulic pressure chamber, the filling degree of the molten metal in the chamber is generally about 50% -70%, and the remaining space is filled with air, and the low-speed injection is to smoothly flow the molten metal and discharge the air. When the molten metal reaches the inner gate, the molten metal can be switched at a high speed, so that the molten metal is filled into the die at a high speed. The high-speed injection speed is adjusted to be 6.1-6.4m/s, and the main reason is that when the flushing speed of molten metal is higher than 6.4m/s, flash is easy to occur on the edge of a die, and the difference of the properties of the far gate end of a workpiece and the near gate end of the workpiece is small at 6.1 m/s. The molten metal is low in temperature and poor in fluidity, so that the molten metal is easily defective at the far gate end due to the influence of temperature reduction when moving to the far gate end in the die, and the temperature of the molten metal is raised to 690-730 ℃.
In this embodiment, step 4: and (3) cooling and opening the die to obtain an aluminum product, and repeating the step (2) for circulation.
In this example, after the mold was cooled, the mold was opened, and after the mold was opened, the mold was preheated to 350 ℃ by a mold preheating mechanism, and then a temperature-raising protective medium was introduced, and a mold release agent was sprayed at the same time, thereby forming a process cycle.
In this embodiment, the residence time of the temperature-increasing protective medium in the mold from the distal gate end to the proximal gate end is gradually shortened with the speed unchanged.
In this embodiment, the temperature-raising protection medium flows at a low speed, and the flow rate of the temperature-raising protection medium is selected according to the size of the mold and the length of the runner. And when the temperature-rising protection medium passes through one round of temperature-rising circulation, the temperature of the far gate end of the die is smaller than the temperature of the die inlet of the temperature-rising protection medium.
In this embodiment, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the runner may be curved to increase the stroke, so that the length of the runner at the far gate end of the mold is longer than that at the near gate end, so that the residence time of the heating protection medium is from long to short along with the movement of the far gate end to the near gate end, a mold with a temperature gradient is naturally formed, and the temperature gradient is smoother.
In the embodiment, in the step 3, the low-speed injection speed of the molten aluminum is 0.25m/s, the high-speed injection speed is 6.3/s, the temperature of the molten aluminum is 730 ℃, and the casting pressure is 300bar.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the molten aluminum is adjusted to 730 ℃, and meanwhile, the low-speed injection speed of the molten aluminum is 0.25m/s, when the high-speed injection speed is 6.3/s, the speed of molten metal entering the cavity is fastest, flash cannot occur, and when the high-speed injection speed is 6.4/s, the molten metal is located at a critical value with flash at the moment and is affected by errors, flash is easily generated, in the batch production process, the risk is too large, the execution state of the whole production equipment needs to be monitored with high precision, in this state, the high-speed molten metal is combined by the ladder temperature die processed in the step 2, the molten metal is compensated, and the performance difference between the far gate end and the near gate end of the die is reduced to the minimum.
In the embodiment, the spraying distance of the release agent in the step 2 is 300mm, the spraying flow is 1.5g/s, the spraying time is 20s, and the spraying preheating temperature of the release agent is less than 80 ℃.
In the embodiment, when the spraying time is 20s, the film forming of the release agent in the cavity is uniform, and the spraying period of 20s meets the temperature rise compensation of the die in the step 2. Meanwhile, the preheating temperature of the release agent spraying is less than 80 ℃, so that the moisture is mainly prevented from evaporating in advance due to overhigh temperature, the temperature difference can be reduced after the preheating temperature of the release agent spraying is increased, the damage of the die caused by temperature stress is reduced, and the influence of overlarge temperature reduction amplitude of the die caused by the release agent is reduced.
In summary, when the temperature range is selected within the range of 690-730 ℃, the change of the tensile strength and the yield strength of the material is small, when the temperature of the molten metal is increased, and when the high-speed injection speed is increased under the condition that flash is not ensured, the flow speed of the molten metal in the cavity is increased, and meanwhile, the temperature of the molten metal is increased, and the elongation of the far gate end of a workpiece is increased and the difference between the far gate end and the near end is further reduced by matching with the gradient temperature die.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A die casting process for pouring in the middle of an aluminum die casting product is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
step 1, quickly heating molten metal to 700-730 ℃, and refining and degassing in a machine side heat preservation furnace;
step 2: the preheating temperature of the die is up to 350 ℃, a heating protection medium is injected to compensate the temperature of the die, the temperature of the heating protection medium at the die inlet at the far gate end is higher than 350 ℃, the heating protection medium flows from the die far gate end to the middle gate end, and meanwhile, a release agent is sprayed to form a gradient temperature reducing surface from far to near; heating runners are arranged at the fixed die and the movable die of the die, the number of the heating runners is multiple, the heating runners are paved from the far gate end of the die to the gate end, and the heating runners are staggered with the cooling runners; the heating protection medium is heat conduction oil; under the condition that the speed of the temperature rising protection medium is unchanged, the residence time from the far gate end to the near gate end in the die is gradually shortened; the release agent comprises 20-40 parts of high-temperature resistant silicone oil, 2-5 parts of high-temperature resistant auxiliary agent, 3-6 parts of emulsifier, 1-2 parts of stabilizer and 50-70 parts of deionized water;
step 3: the low-speed injection speed of the aluminum liquid is 0.2-0.3m/s, the high-speed injection speed is 6.1-6.4m/s, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 690-730 ℃, the casting pressure is 300bar, and the mold-retaining time is 30s;
step 4: and cooling and opening the die to obtain the aluminum product.
2. A die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting products as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the low-speed injection speed of the molten aluminum is 0.25m/s, the high-speed injection speed is 6.3m/s, the temperature of the molten aluminum is 730 ℃, and the casting pressure is 300bar.
3. A die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting products as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the spraying distance of the release agent is 300mm, the spraying flow is 1.5g/s, and the spraying time is 20s.
4. A die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting products as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spraying preheating temperature of the release agent is less than 80 ℃.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410132086.7A CN117655302B (en) | 2024-01-31 | 2024-01-31 | Die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting product |
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| CN202410132086.7A CN117655302B (en) | 2024-01-31 | 2024-01-31 | Die casting process for intermediate casting of aluminum die casting product |
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| CN117655302B true CN117655302B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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2024
- 2024-01-31 CN CN202410132086.7A patent/CN117655302B/en active Active
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| US4965028A (en) * | 1987-09-04 | 1990-10-23 | Galic/Maus Ventures | Method of injection molding thermoplastic through multiple gates |
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| CN117655302A (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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