CN117655256A - Processing technology of metal forging - Google Patents
Processing technology of metal forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN117655256A CN117655256A CN202211066595.1A CN202211066595A CN117655256A CN 117655256 A CN117655256 A CN 117655256A CN 202211066595 A CN202211066595 A CN 202211066595A CN 117655256 A CN117655256 A CN 117655256A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a metal forging processing process, comprising: heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃; placing the heated metal blank in a primary forging blank mold, pressurizing and hammering to obtain a primary forging blank with a first section and a second section which are communicated, wherein the radial dimension of the first section is larger than that of the second section; demoulding, centering and punching the initial forging blank to obtain a middle forging blank with a first inner hole, wherein the first inner hole penetrates through the first section and the second section; drawing the middle forging blank in a forming device, and rounding to a preset size to obtain a target metal forging; wherein the operation temperature of the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging is more than or equal to 620 ℃ to 680 ℃. The technical scheme effectively solves the technical problems of large raw material allowance and low utilization rate in the traditional metal forging processing technology.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of workpiece machining, in particular to a metal forging machining process.
Background
The copper forging is a workpiece or blank obtained by forging and deforming a copper metal blank, and the mechanical properties of the workpiece can be changed by applying pressure to the copper metal blank to plastically deform the workpiece, and the forging can be classified into cold forging warm forging and hot forging according to the temperature of the blank during processing, and the hot forging is processed at a temperature higher than the recrystallization temperature of the metal blank. The traditional forging production line for the metal forgings generally carries out processing in different factory workshops according to different working procedures such as working procedure heating, blank making, forging, trimming and the like.
In the related art, the machining allowance of the forging is different based on different parameters such as the weight of the forging, the complexity of the shape, the heating condition, the material coefficient of the forging and the like. Generally, the greater the weight of the forging, the greater the complexity of the shape, the greater the heating temperature, and the greater the number of heats, the correspondingly greater the tooling allowance of the forging. However, for heavy forgings, the larger the forging allowance is, the smaller the utilization rate of metal blanks is, and the production cost is high. Based on the above, it is imperative to find a novel process for processing heavy forgings.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure provides a metal forging processing technology, which aims to solve the technical problems of large raw material allowance and low utilization rate in the traditional metal forging processing technology.
To this end, the present disclosure provides a metal forging machining process comprising:
heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃;
placing the heated metal blank in a primary forging blank mold, pressurizing and hammering to obtain a primary forging blank with a first section and a second section which are communicated, wherein the radial dimension of the first section is larger than that of the second section;
demoulding, centering and punching the initial forging blank to obtain a middle forging blank with a first inner hole, wherein the first inner hole penetrates through the first section and the second section;
drawing the middle forging blank in a forming device, and rounding to a preset size to obtain a target metal forging; wherein the operation temperature of the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging is more than or equal to 620 ℃ to 680 ℃.
In one possible embodiment, the forming device comprises a rotating member and a hammering member arranged up and down, the rotating member comprises a rotating rod and a positioning disc which are connected, the hammering member is positioned above the rotating rod, and the specific steps of drawing the middle forging blank to stretch and round the blank comprise:
sleeving a first inner hole of the middle forging blank outside the rotary rod, and abutting one side, far away from the second section, of the first section of the middle forging blank to the positioning disc;
controlling the rotary rod to rotate at a first rotation speed, and driving the hammering piece to beat onto the outer wall of the first section of the middle forging blank at the first hammering speed so as to enable the inner diameter of the first section to be matched with the outer diameter of the rotary rod;
the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a second rotation speed, the rotary rod is enabled to axially move at a first axial speed, and meanwhile the beating piece is driven to beat to the outer wall of the second section at a second beating speed, so that the second section is evenly scraped along the axial direction.
In one possible embodiment, the rotary rod is transversely arranged, the shaft of the rotary rod is located at a first height position, the hammering member is provided with a second height position, the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a second rotation speed, the rotary rod is enabled to axially move at a first axial speed, and meanwhile, the hammering member is driven to beat onto the outer wall of the second section at a second hammering speed, so that the second section uniformly and axially rakes and lengthens, and the specific steps comprise:
the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the beating piece on the outer wall of the second section to the previous coverage area is 10-15%, the ratio of the single axial feeding length of the rotary rod to the contact length of the beating piece in the axial direction of the rotary rod is more than or equal to 0.5-0.7, and meanwhile the beating piece is driven to move to a second height position at a second beating speed, so that the second section with uniform scraping length along the axial direction is obtained.
In one possible embodiment, the hammering member has a third height position, the third height position being disposed close to the first height position, the metal forging further has a third section, the third section being located on a side of the second section remote from the first section, and further comprising, after the step of uniformly raking the second section in the axial direction:
the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the beating piece on the outer wall of the third section to the previous coverage area is 10-15%, the ratio of the single axial feeding length of the rotary rod to the contact length of the beating piece in the axial direction of the rotary rod is more than or equal to 0.5-0.7, and meanwhile the beating piece is driven to move to a third height position at a third beating speed, so that a third section with uniform scraping length along the axial direction is obtained.
In one possible embodiment, the beating member has a fourth height position, the fourth height position being located on a side of the second height position away from the third height position, the specific step of controlling the rotary rod to rotate at the first rotation speed while driving the beating member to beat onto the outer wall of the first section of the middle forging stock at the first beating speed so that the inner diameter of the first section matches the outer diameter of the rotary rod comprises:
the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the beating piece on the outer wall of the second section to the previous coverage area is 10-15%, and meanwhile, the beating piece is driven to move to a fourth height position at the first beating speed, so that the inner diameter of the first section is matched with the outer diameter of the rotary rod.
In one possible embodiment, the specific step of demolding the as-forged blank comprises:
and a plurality of material taking dies are arranged on the material taking bottom die at intervals, the material taking dies are arranged corresponding to the circumference of the thin end of the primary forging blank die, and then the primary forging blank die is stamped on the material taking dies at a first stamping speed so as to release the primary forging blank from the primary forging blank die.
In one possible embodiment, the specific steps of centering, punching, obtaining a medium-forging blank with a first inner hole comprise:
clamping the initial forging blank, aligning the axle center of the first section with the axle center of the first punch, and punching the initial forging blank onto the first punch at a second punching speed to form a first locating hole in the first section;
clamping the initial forging blank, aligning the axis of the second section with the axis of the second punch, and punching the blank onto the second punch at a third punching speed to form a second centering hole in the second section;
continuously hammering the second punch and the first punch until the second punch and the first punch are abutted in the initial forging blank, and forming a first through hole in the middle forging blank;
and replacing the third punch head, and reaming the first through hole until a middle forging blank with a first inner hole is obtained.
In one possible embodiment, the specific steps of pressurizing and hammering include:
and (3) applying a first stamping and hammering to the metal blank placed in the primary forging blank mold for a first period of time until the metal blank fills the inner cavity of the primary forging blank mold.
In one possible embodiment, the temperature of the as-forged blank mold is greater than or equal to 500 ℃ to 600 ℃.
In one possible embodiment, the specific step of heating the metal blank to 850 ℃ to 900 ℃ comprises: heating the metal blank at 850-900 ℃ for 0.55-0.65 min/mm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the specific steps of the operation temperature of the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging are all more than or equal to 620 ℃ to 680 ℃ and comprise the following steps: and heating the cooled primary forging blank, middle forging blank or target metal forging at 850-900 ℃ for 0.35-0.45 min/mm.
According to the metal forging processing technology provided by the disclosure, the processing technology comprises the following steps: heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃; placing the heated metal blank in a primary forging blank mold, pressurizing and hammering to obtain a primary forging blank with a first section and a second section which are communicated, wherein the radial dimension of the first section is larger than that of the second section; demoulding, centering and punching the initial forging blank to obtain a middle forging blank with a first inner hole, wherein the first inner hole penetrates through the first section and the second section; drawing the middle forging blank in a forming device, and rounding to a preset size to obtain a target metal forging; wherein the operation temperature of the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging is more than or equal to 620 ℃ to 680 ℃. According to the technical scheme, the processing technology of the metal forging is optimized, so that the production problems of large allowance of the heavy forging and low utilization rate of blanks are solved. Specifically, firstly heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃ to change the compactness of the interior of the metal blank; then, placing the metal blank in a primary forging blank mold, and hammering to change the reasonable distribution of the metal blank on the axial section of the metal blank, so that the general size of the obtained primary forging blank is close to the final forging size, and the molding difficulty of final forging is reduced; then, demoulding, centering and punching the primary forging blank, so that the operation is simple, the operation is efficient, the heating times of the primary forging blank are effectively reduced, and the production cost is reduced; and finally, strictly controlling the drawing and rounding process of the middle forging blank to obtain the target metal forging.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In addition, in the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals and the drawings are not drawn to actual scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a metal forging processing process provided by an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a middle forging blank provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of a second stage provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of another intermediate forging stock provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a process flow diagram of a first stage provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram of a as-forged blank provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a process flow diagram of a metal blank provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of a metal forging provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the disclosure, are within the scope of the disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a metal forging processing process, including:
step S1, heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃;
s2, placing the heated metal blank in a primary forging blank mold, pressurizing and hammering to obtain a primary forging blank with a first section and a second section which are communicated, wherein the radial dimension of the first section is larger than that of the second section;
step S3, demolding, centering and punching the initial forging blank to obtain a middle forging blank with a first inner hole, wherein the first inner hole penetrates through the first section and the second section;
s4, drawing the middle forging blank in a forming device, and rounding to a preset size to obtain a target metal forging; wherein the operation temperature of the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging is more than or equal to 620 ℃ to 680 ℃.
In the embodiment, the processing technology of the metal forging is optimized to solve the production problems of large allowance of the heavy forging and low utilization rate of blanks.
Specifically, firstly heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃ to change the compactness of the interior of the metal blank; then, placing the metal blank in a primary forging blank mold, and hammering to change the reasonable distribution of the metal blank on the axial section of the metal blank, so that the general size of the obtained primary forging blank is close to the final forging size, and the molding difficulty of final forging is reduced; then, demoulding, centering and punching the primary forging blank, so that the operation is simple, the operation is efficient, the heating times of the primary forging blank are effectively reduced, and the production cost is reduced; and finally, strictly controlling the drawing and rounding process of the middle forging blank to obtain the target metal forging.
In addition, after the heat treatment of the metal forging, the looseness and the holes of the metal can be eliminated by forging, so that the mechanical property of the metal forging is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, in one possible embodiment, the forming device includes a rotating member and a hammering member arranged up and down, the rotating member includes a rotating rod and a positioning disc connected, the hammering member is located above the rotating rod, and the specific steps of drawing the middle forging blank to form a round include:
step S41, sleeving a first inner hole of the middle forging blank outside the rotary rod, and abutting one side, far away from the second section, of the first section of the middle forging blank to the positioning disc;
step S42, controlling the rotary rod to rotate at a first rotation speed, and driving the hammering piece to beat onto the outer wall of the first section of the middle forging blank at the first hammering speed so as to enable the inner diameter of the first section to be matched with the outer diameter of the rotary rod;
and S43, controlling the rotary rod to rotate at a second rotation speed, enabling the rotary rod to axially move at a first axial speed, and driving the hammering piece to beat onto the outer wall of the second section at the second hammering speed so as to uniformly scrape the second section along the axial direction.
In this embodiment, in order to realize drawing, rounding and processing and forming of the middle forging blank, not only the specific structure of the forming device is optimized, but also the processing procedure of the middle forging blank is optimized.
In particular, the forming device is configured as a combined member comprising at least a rotary member and a hammer. The middle forging blank is rotated by the rotating piece so as to be sent to the lower part of the hammering piece at different positions in the circumferential direction; then, the outer wall of the intermediate forging stock located therebelow is beaten by the beating member, thereby effecting forging of the intermediate forging stock.
During processing, the middle forging blank is sleeved outside the rotary rod, and meanwhile, the first end of the middle forging blank is abutted to the positioning disc, so that the roundness of the outer circle of the positioning disc and the concentricity of the outer circle and the first inner hole of the middle forging blank are kept consistent, and the quality of a target metal forging is improved; then, processing the first section of the middle forging blank so that the first section of the middle forging blank meets the requirements of a target metal forging; and finally, processing the second section of the middle forging blank to enable the second section of the middle forging blank to meet the requirements of the target metal forging, thereby obtaining the target metal forging. Further, when the first section of the middle forging blank is processed, the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a first rotation speed, and meanwhile, the hammering piece is driven to beat onto the outer wall of the first section at the first hammering speed, so that the inner hole of the first section is reduced, and the inner hole of the first section is abutted to the outer wall of the rotary rod.
In the embodiment, the middle forging blank is forged in a segmented mode, and the first segment is processed without taking off the length, so that only the rotating rod is controlled to rotate; when the second section is processed, the second section needs to be taken off, so that the second section needs to be taken off along the axial direction by controlling the rotation of the rotating rod and controlling the movement of the rotating rod along the axial direction. Of course, since the wall thickness of the first section is thicker and the wall thickness of the second section is thinner, the first hammering speed is set to be greater than the second hammering speed, so that the forging efficiency is improved, and the damage rejection rate of the second section is reduced.
In one example, the first rotational speed is 7r/min to 13r/min and the first hammering speed is 35 to 45 times/min. The second rotation speed is 12 r/min-18 r/min, and the second beating speed is 15-25 times/min. For example, but not limited to, the first rotational speed is 10r/min and the first hammering speed is 40 times/min; the second rotation speed is 15r/min, and the second hammering speed is 20 times/min.
In one example, the rotary bar is laterally disposed and rotatable in a horizontal direction. The beating member is longitudinally arranged and reciprocally movable in a vertical direction. For example, but not limited to, the rotating member is a mandrel flange in a T-shaped structure, the rotating rod is a mandrel, and the positioning plate is a flange. The outer wall of the core rod is obliquely arranged, and the core rod is gradually folded in the direction away from the flange.
In one example, to improve stability in a medium forging stock drawing and rounding operation, the forming device is configured to include at least a combined member of a rotary member, a hammering member disposed above the rotary member, and a V-shaped anvil disposed at an interval just below the hammering member, with the rotary member being laterally disposed between the hammering member and the V-shaped anvil. When the middle forging blank is sleeved on the rotating piece, the bottom of the middle forging blank is clamped in the V-shaped structure of the V-shaped anvil, and the top of the middle forging blank is positioned right below the hammering piece.
Referring to fig. 3, in one possible embodiment, the rotary rod is transversely disposed, the shaft of the rotary rod is located at a first height position, the hammering member has a second height position, the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a second rotation speed, and the rotary rod is axially moved at a first axial speed, and the hammering member is driven to beat onto the outer wall of the second section at a second hammering speed, so that the second section uniformly rakes in length along the axial direction, the specific steps include:
and S431, controlling the rotary rod to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the hammering piece on the outer wall of the second section to the last coverage area is 10-15%, enabling the ratio of the single axial feeding length of the rotary rod to the contact length of the hammering piece in the axial direction of the rotary rod to be more than or equal to 0.5-0.7, and simultaneously driving the hammering piece to move to a second height position at a second hammering speed so as to obtain a second section with uniform scraping length along the axial direction.
In this embodiment, the second stage of machining of the intermediate forging stock is set with parameters. Specifically, the rotating speed of the rotating rod needs to be strictly controlled, so that the tangential section of the second section is uniformly stressed and the deformation is kept uniform, thereby realizing the uniform length of the second section in the longitudinal direction, ensuring that the uniformity of the wall thickness of the second section after the length is taken off is uniform and the stability is high. Meanwhile, the single axial feeding length of the rotating rod needs to be strictly controlled, so that folding production caused by the fact that the single axial feeding length is too small is avoided, and production efficiency is low; and the occurrence of the condition that the second section is rugged along the longitudinal direction due to the overlarge single axial feeding length is avoided.
Referring to fig. 4, in one possible embodiment, the hammering member has a third height position, the third height position is disposed close to the first height position, the metal forging further has a third section, the third section is located at a side of the second section away from the first section, and after the step of uniformly raking the second section in the axial direction, further includes:
and S44, controlling the rotary rod to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the hammering piece on the outer wall of the third section to the previous coverage area is 10-15%, enabling the ratio of the single axial feeding length of the rotary rod to the contact length of the hammering piece in the axial direction of the rotary rod to be more than or equal to 0.5-0.7, and simultaneously driving the hammering piece to move to a third height position at a third hammering speed so as to obtain a third section with uniform scraping length along the axial direction.
In this embodiment, the target metal forging includes at least three forging segments with different wall thicknesses, and two boss structures. And carrying out parameterization setting on the third section of processing of the metal forging.
In one example, the third hammer rate is 3r/min to 8r/min. For example, but not limited to, the third hammer rate is 5r/min.
Referring to fig. 5, in one possible embodiment, the beating member has a fourth height position located at a side of the second height position away from the third height position, and the specific step of controlling the rotating rod to rotate at the first rotation speed while driving the beating member to beat onto the outer wall of the first section of the middle forging stock at the first beating speed so that the inner diameter of the first section matches the outer diameter of the rotating rod comprises:
step S421, the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the hammering piece on the outer wall of the second section to the last coverage area is 10-15%, and meanwhile, the hammering piece is driven to move to a fourth height position at the first hammering speed, so that the inner diameter of the first section is matched with the outer diameter of the rotary rod.
In this embodiment, the first stage of machining of the intermediate forging stock is set with parameters. Specifically, the rotating speed of the rotating rod needs to be strictly controlled, so that the tangential section of the first section is uniformly stressed and the deformation is kept uniform, thereby realizing uniform rounding of the first section in the radial direction, ensuring uniform wall thickness uniformity after rounding of the first section and high stability.
Referring to fig. 6, in one possible embodiment, the specific step of demolding the as-forged blank includes:
and S31, a plurality of material taking molds are arranged on the material taking bottom mold at intervals, the material taking molds are arranged corresponding to the circumference of the thin end of the primary forging blank mold, and then the primary forging blank mold is stamped on the material taking molds at a first stamping speed so as to release the primary forging blank from the primary forging blank mold.
In this embodiment, the demolding operation of the blank for initial forging is set. Specifically, a plurality of material taking molds are arranged to cooperate with the blank mold for material taking operation. For example, but not limited to, the take-off die is a die pad.
In one example, the first press speed is 10cm/s to 50cm/s. For example, but not limited to, the first stamping speed is 10cm/s.
Referring to fig. 6, in one possible embodiment, the specific steps of centering, punching, and obtaining a middle forging blank having a first inner bore include:
step S32, clamping the initial forging blank, aligning the axis of the first section with the axis of the first punch, and punching the blank onto the first punch at a second punching speed to form a first locating hole in the first section;
step S33, clamping the initial forging blank, aligning the axis of the second section with the axis of the second punch, and punching the blank onto the second punch at a third punching speed to form a second centering hole in the second section;
step S34, continuously hammering the second punch and the first punch until the second punch and the first punch are abutted in the initial forging blank, and forming a first through hole in the middle forging blank;
and S35, replacing the third punch, and reaming the first through hole to obtain a middle forging blank with a first inner hole.
In this embodiment, the centering and punching operation of the blank for the primary forging is performed. Specifically, double-sided centering punching is adopted, so that the inclination of the inner hole can be effectively avoided, and the concentricity of the inner hole of the initial forging blank is ensured. Meanwhile, the double-sided punching is adopted, so that the punching time can be reduced, the punching fire time is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the appearance quality of the primary forging blank is ensured, and a good foundation is improved for subsequent operation.
For example, but not limited to, the first punch and the second punch are the same type of punch. The third punch comprises multiple sizes so as to cooperate, and the inner hole of the primary forging blank is reamed to the size of the first inner hole rapidly, so that the time for centering and reaming is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
In one example, the second press speed is 5m/s to 10m/s and the third press speed is 5m/s to 10m/s. For example, but not limited to, the second press speed is 7m/s and the third press speed is 7m/s.
Referring to fig. 7, in one possible embodiment, the specific steps of pressurizing, hammering include:
and S21, applying first stamping and hammering to the metal blank placed in the primary forging blank mold for a first period of time until the metal blank fills the inner cavity of the primary forging blank mold.
In this embodiment, the metal blank is processed, and the initially formed blank is obtained by changing the internal compactness and pore size of the metal.
In one example, the first punch is 4500KPa to 8000KPa and the first time period is 1min to 10min. For example, but not limited to, the first punch is 7700Pa and the first duration is 3 minutes.
In one possible embodiment, the temperature of the as-forged blank mold is greater than or equal to 500 ℃ to 600 ℃.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce heat loss when the metal blank is processed in the primary forging stock mold, the primary forging stock mold is configured as a high temperature mold.
Referring to fig. 8, in one possible embodiment, the specific step of heating the metal blank to 850 ℃ to 900 ℃ includes: heating the metal blank at 850-900 deg.c for 0.55-0.65 min/mm.
In this embodiment, the metal blank is thermally processed by preserving heat for a certain period of time at a preset temperature, so as to ensure the heating uniformity of the metal blank and improve the forging stability.
Referring to fig. 8, in one possible embodiment, the specific steps of working the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging at a temperature of 620 ℃ or higher to 680 ℃ include: and heating the cooled primary forging blank, middle forging blank or target metal forging at 850-900 ℃ for 0.35-0.45 min/mm.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the disclosure to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A metal forging processing technology, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃;
placing the heated metal blank in a primary forging blank mold, pressurizing and hammering to obtain a primary forging blank with a first section and a second section which are communicated, wherein the radial dimension of the first section is larger than that of the second section;
demolding, centering and punching the initial forging blank to obtain a middle forging blank with a first inner hole, wherein the first inner hole penetrates through the first section and the second section;
drawing the middle forging blank in a forming device, and rounding to a preset size to obtain a target metal forging; wherein the operation temperature of the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging is more than or equal to 620-680 ℃.
2. The metal forging machining process according to claim 1, wherein the forming device comprises a rotating member and a hammering member which are arranged up and down, the rotating member comprises a rotating rod and a positioning disc which are connected, the hammering member is positioned above the rotating rod, and the specific step of drawing out and rounding the middle forging blank comprises the following steps:
sleeving a first inner hole of the middle forging blank outside the rotary rod, and abutting one side, away from the second section, of the first section of the middle forging blank to the positioning disc;
controlling the rotary rod to rotate at a first rotation speed, and driving the hammering piece to beat onto the outer wall of the first section of the middle forging blank at the first hammering speed so that the inner diameter of the first section is matched with the outer diameter of the rotary rod;
the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a second rotation speed, the rotary rod is enabled to axially move at a first axial speed, and meanwhile the hammering piece is driven to beat onto the outer wall of the second section at a second hammering speed, so that the second section is uniformly scraped along the axial direction.
3. The metal forging machining process according to claim 2, wherein the rotary rod is transversely arranged, the shaft of the rotary rod is located at a first height position, the hammering member has a second height position, the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a second rotation speed, the rotary rod is enabled to move axially at a first axial speed, and the hammering member is driven to beat onto the outer wall of the second section at a second hammering speed, so that the second section uniformly and axially scales, and the specific steps include:
the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the beating piece on the outer wall of the second section to the last coverage area is 10-15%, the ratio of the single axial feeding length of the rotary rod to the contact length of the beating piece in the axial direction of the rotary rod is more than or equal to 0.5-0.7, and meanwhile the beating piece is driven to move to the second height position at the second beating speed, so that the second section with uniform length along the axial direction is obtained.
4. The metal forging process as recited in claim 3, wherein said hammering member has a third height position provided near said first height position, said metal forging further has a third section located at a side of said second section remote from said first section, and further comprising, after said step of uniformly raking said second section in an axial direction:
the rotary rod is controlled to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the hammering piece on the outer wall of the third section to the last coverage area is 10-15%, the ratio of the single axial feeding length of the rotary rod to the contact length of the hammering piece in the axial direction of the rotary rod is more than or equal to 0.5-0.7, and meanwhile the hammering piece is driven to move to the third height position at the third hammering speed, so that the third section with uniform hammering length in the axial direction is obtained.
5. A metal forging process according to claim 3, wherein said beating member has a fourth height position on a side of said second height position remote from said third height position, said specific step of controlling said rotary rod to rotate at a first rotational speed while driving said beating member to beat at a first beating speed onto an outer wall of a first section of said medium forging stock so that an inner diameter of said first section matches an outer diameter of said rotary rod comprises:
and controlling the rotary rod to rotate at a speed that the ratio of the last coverage area of the hammering piece on the outer wall of the second section to the last coverage area is 10-15%, and simultaneously driving the hammering piece to move to the fourth height position at the first hammering speed so as to enable the inner diameter of the first section to be matched with the outer diameter of the rotary rod.
6. The metal forging processing process as recited in claim 1, wherein the specific step of demolding the as-forged blank comprises:
and a plurality of material taking dies are arranged on the material taking bottom die at intervals, the material taking dies are arranged corresponding to the circumference of the thin end of the primary forging blank die, and then the primary forging blank die is stamped onto the material taking dies at a first stamping speed so as to separate the primary forging blank from the primary forging blank die.
7. The metal forging processing technology according to claim 6, wherein the specific steps of centering and punching to obtain the middle forging blank with the first inner hole comprise the following steps:
clamping the initial forging blank, aligning the axis of the first section with the axis of a first punch, and punching the initial forging blank onto the first punch at a second punching speed to form a first locating hole in the first section;
clamping the initial forging blank, aligning the axis of the second section with the axis of a second punch, and punching the blank onto the second punch at a third punching speed to form a second centering hole in the second section;
continuously hammering the second punch and the first punch until the second punch and the first punch are abutted in the initial forging blank, and forming a first through hole in the middle forging blank;
and replacing the third punch head, and reaming the first through hole until a middle forging blank with a first inner hole is obtained.
8. The metal forging processing technology according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of pressurizing and hammering include:
and (3) applying a first stamping and hammering to the metal blank placed in the primary forging blank mold for a first period of time until the metal blank fills the inner cavity of the primary forging blank mold.
9. The process for machining a metal forging according to claim 8, wherein the temperature of the blank mold for primary forging is 500 ℃ to 600 ℃.
10. The metal forging processing process according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of heating the metal blank to 850-900 ℃ comprises: heating the metal blank at 850-900 ℃ for 0.55-0.65 min/mm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the specific steps of the operation temperature of the primary forging blank, the middle forging blank and the target metal forging piece is more than or equal to 620 ℃ to 680 ℃ comprise the following steps: and heating the cooled primary forging blank, the middle forging blank or the target metal forging at 850-900 ℃ for 0.35-0.45 min/mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211066595.1A CN117655256A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Processing technology of metal forging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211066595.1A CN117655256A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Processing technology of metal forging |
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| CN117655256A true CN117655256A (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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| CN202211066595.1A Pending CN117655256A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Processing technology of metal forging |
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