CN117653185A - Stethoscope and auscultation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a stethoscope and a auscultation system comprising the same, wherein the stethoscope comprises a body piece and an optical microphone, the body piece is provided with a connecting part and a first vibrating diaphragm which are mutually connected, and the connecting part and the first vibrating diaphragm enclose a first cavity; the optical microphone is arranged in the first cavity or the accommodating part of the stethoscope, and when the optical microphone is arranged in the accommodating part, the first cavity is communicated with the interior of the accommodating part; the optical microphone comprises a base, a second vibrating diaphragm, a light source and a light detector, wherein the second vibrating diaphragm is arranged on the base and encloses a second cavity with the base, and light emitted by the light source can enter the second cavity and be reflected to the light detector by the second vibrating diaphragm. The stethoscope and the auscultation system can respond in a lower frequency range by adopting the optical microphone, and improve the pick-up sensitivity.

Description

Stethoscope and auscultation system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a stethoscope and a auscultation system.

Background

The stethoscope is the most commonly used diagnostic tool for internal and external gynecologists, can hear respiratory sounds of the lung, heart beating, heart murmurs and vascular murmurs, and can also be used for auscultation of certain special parts, such as abdominal and intestinal sounds, fetal heart sounds and the like. The stethoscope comprises an electronic stethoscope, the principle of the electronic stethoscope is that sound is collected through a microphone, filtered and amplified and restored by a loudspeaker, and further, heart sound signals can be transmitted to an intelligent terminal to be displayed and stored through a wireless technology, so that a doctor can better analyze the heart sound signals, and the success rate of diagnosis is improved.

However, the capacitive microphone adopted by the existing electronic stethoscope has the problem that the frequency response interval is not low enough, so that the played sound quality is affected, and the follow-up identification of noise is also affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a stethoscope and auscultation system, can respond in lower frequency interval, improves the sensitivity of pickup.

A first aspect of the present application provides a stethoscope, the stethoscope comprising:

the body piece is provided with a connecting part and a first vibrating diaphragm which are connected with each other, and the connecting part and the first vibrating diaphragm enclose a first cavity;

an optical microphone mounted in the first chamber or in a receiving member of the stethoscope, the first chamber communicating with an interior of the receiving member when the optical microphone is mounted in the receiving member;

the optical microphone comprises a base, a second vibrating diaphragm, a light source and a light detector, wherein the second vibrating diaphragm is arranged on the base and encloses a second cavity with the base, and light emitted by the light source can enter the second cavity and be reflected to the light detector by the second vibrating diaphragm.

In one possible design, the light source and the light detector are both installed in the second chamber, the light source and the second diaphragm are respectively located at two opposite sides of the second chamber, along the height direction of the base, and the projection of the light source and the projection of the light detector are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the base.

In one possible design, the base includes a housing and a support tube, one end of the support tube is connected to a side wall of the housing, the other end of the support tube protrudes outward from the housing, the second diaphragm is mounted at an end of the support tube away from the housing, and the second diaphragm, the support tube, and the housing enclose the second chamber.

In one possible design, the optical microphone further includes a light-transmitting portion provided with a first grating and a first mounting portion connected to an inner wall of the support tube, the light-transmitting portion being connected to the first mounting portion;

the light transmitting part and the first mounting part divide the second chamber into a first part and a second part, the light source and the light detector are positioned in the second part, the first mounting part is provided with a first through hole, and the first part and the second part are communicated through the first through hole.

In one possible design, the optical microphone further includes a second mounting portion, an incident optical fiber, and a reflective optical fiber, the second mounting portion being connected to an inner wall of the support tube, the second mounting portion dividing the second chamber into a third portion and a fourth portion, the light source and the light detector being located at the fourth portion, the second mounting portion being provided with a second through hole through which the third portion and the fourth portion communicate;

The second installation department is provided with first guiding hole and second guiding hole, the one end of incident optical fiber with the light source is connected, and the other end passes first guiding hole and stretches into the third part, the one end of reflection optical fiber with the light detector is connected, and the other end passes the second guiding hole and stretches into the third part, first guiding hole with the second guiding hole is followed respectively the incident path and the reflection path extension of the light of light source irradiation to the second vibrating diaphragm.

In one possible design, the optical microphone further includes a circulator having a first port, a second port, and a third port, the light source is in communication with the first port, the second chamber is in communication with the second port, and the light detector is in communication with the third port, such that light emitted by the light source can reach the second chamber through the circulator, and light reflected by the second diaphragm can reach the light detector through the circulator.

In one possible design, the base includes a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, the first optical fiber is provided with a first channel, the second optical fiber is provided with a second channel, one end of the first channel is provided with the second vibrating diaphragm, the other end of the first channel is connected with one end of the second optical fiber, the other end of the second optical fiber is connected with the second port, the first channel is communicated with the second channel, the second vibrating diaphragm, the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber enclose a second chamber, and the end face of the second vibrating diaphragm facing the second chamber and the end face of the second optical fiber facing the second chamber are parallel to each other.

In one possible design, the cross-sectional area of the first channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second channel.

In one possible design, two opposite side walls of the second chamber are respectively provided with a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide, one end of the first optical waveguide is connected with the second port through a third optical fiber, the other end of the first optical waveguide is communicated with the second chamber, and one end of the second optical waveguide is communicated with the second chamber;

a second grating is arranged on one side of the second diaphragm, facing the second chamber, so that light rays entering the second chamber can be reflected to the first optical waveguide through the second grating, and are transmitted to the light detector through the circulator, and light rays which are not reflected by the second grating enter the second optical waveguide;

the side wall of the second chamber is provided with a first communication hole communicated with the outside.

In one possible design, the base is provided with a groove, the second diaphragm is mounted in the groove, the groove is divided into the second chamber and a concave portion, and the sectional area of the concave portion gradually increases along the direction away from the second diaphragm.

In one possible design, the stethoscope further comprises an ear piece and a loudspeaker, wherein the optical microphone is installed in the accommodating cavity of the accommodating piece, sound collecting parts and sound raising parts are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the accommodating cavity, the sound collecting parts are provided with sound collecting cavities, the sound raising parts are provided with sound raising cavities, the sound collecting cavities are communicated with the sound raising cavities, the optical microphone is arranged in the sound collecting cavities, the loudspeaker is arranged in the sound raising cavities, and the sound collecting cavities and the sound raising cavities are respectively communicated with the first cavity and the ear piece through connecting pipes.

In one possible design, the stethoscope further comprises a switch member for controlling the speaker to be in an operating state or an off state.

In one possible design, the stethoscope further comprises a handheld body, the optical microphone is mounted in the first chamber, and one side of the connecting part, which is away from the second vibrating diaphragm, is connected with the handheld body.

In one possible design, the stethoscope further includes a first sensing member, the first sensing member includes a first body portion and a first electrocardio electrode, the first body portion is provided with a first installation surface and a second installation surface which are opposite, the first electrocardio electrode is installed on the first installation surface, the second installation surface is connected with one side of the connecting portion connected with the first vibrating diaphragm, the first body portion is provided with a second communication hole penetrating through the first installation surface and the second installation surface, and the second communication hole is opposite to the first vibrating diaphragm.

In one possible design, the optical microphone is mounted in the first chamber, the stethoscope further includes a first flexible connecting member and a holding member, the connecting portion is connected with the holding member through the first flexible connecting member, the holding member is provided with a holding surface, the holding surface is a plane, and the first vibrating diaphragm and the holding surface are arranged towards the same side.

In one possible design, the stethoscope further includes a second sensing member, the second sensing member includes a second body portion and a second electrocardio electrode, the second body portion is provided with a third installation surface and a fourth installation surface which are opposite, the second electrocardio electrode is installed on the third installation surface, the fourth installation surface is connected with one side of the connecting portion connected with the first vibrating diaphragm, the second body portion is provided with a third communication hole penetrating through the third installation surface and the fourth installation surface, and the third communication hole is opposite to the first vibrating diaphragm.

In one possible design, the optical microphone further comprises a processor, and the photodetector is capable of converting the received optical signal into an electrical signal and transmitting the electrical signal to the processor, and the processor is capable of processing the electrical signal.

Another aspect of the present application also provides an auscultation system, comprising:

the stethoscope is the stethoscope, and further comprises a wireless transmission piece;

the wireless transmission piece can process the sound signals acquired by the optical microphone and transmit the sound signals to the terminal equipment;

And the server can perform signal transmission with the terminal equipment.

The beneficial effects of this application are:

according to the stethoscope and the auscultation system, the stethoscope adopts the optical microphone to collect sound signals, and skin vibration can be transmitted to the first vibrating diaphragm of the body piece, so that the first vibrating diaphragm vibrates; vibration of the first diaphragm can be transferred to the second diaphragm of the optical microphone, so that the second diaphragm vibrates, resulting in a change in optical properties of light reflected by the second diaphragm to the photodetector, which processes and converts the obtained optical signal into an electrical signal, so that a user can obtain final sound information. The vibration of the skin is indirectly measured by adopting the optical microphone, and even if the vibration of the skin is tiny, the sound wave frequency generated by coupling with the air is low, the sound wave can be collected by the optical microphone, so that the pickup sensitivity is high, and the playing of sound quality and the discrimination degree of noise are facilitated.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical microphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical microphone according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical microphone according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical microphone according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a stethoscope according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the enclosure, optical microphone and speaker of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the housing of FIG. 5, an optical microphone and a speaker in another embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a rear view of a stethoscope according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the stethoscope of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the stethoscope of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a front view of a stethoscope according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a stethoscope according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic view of an auscultation system provided herein in one embodiment.

Reference numerals:

100-stethoscope;

10-an optical microphone;

11-a base;

111-a housing;

112-supporting the tube;

113-a first optical fiber;

113 a-a first channel;

114-a second optical fiber;

114 a-a second channel;

115-a first optical waveguide;

116-a second optical waveguide;

117-grooves;

117 a-recesses;

12-a second diaphragm;

121-a second grating;

13-a light source;

14-a photodetector;

15-a processor;

16-a second chamber;

161-first part;

162-a second portion;

163-third part;

164-fourth section;

165-a first communication hole;

17-a light-transmitting portion;

18-a first mounting portion;

19-a second mounting portion;

191-a first guide hole;

192-second guide holes;

110-an incident optical fiber;

120-reflecting optical fiber;

130-a circulator;

131-a first port;

132-a second port;

133-a third port;

140-a control circuit board;

150-a third optical fiber;

20-body;

21-a connection;

22-a first diaphragm;

30-a receiving member;

31-a receiving chamber;

32-a sound collection cavity;

33-a speaker chamber;

40-ear piece;

a 50-speaker;

60-connecting pipes;

70-a switch member;

80-a hand-held body;

90-a first sensing element;

91-a first body portion;

92-a first electrocardio electrode;

101-holding member;

101 a-placing surface;

102-a second sensing element;

102 a-a second body portion;

102 b-a second electrocardio electrode;

103-a first flexible connection;

104-a second flexible connection.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments herein, which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one relationship describing the association of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

It should be noted that, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In the context of this document, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element through intervening elements.

The present embodiment provides a stethoscope 100 capable of collecting sounds of certain parts of a user's body, such as respiratory sounds of lungs, beating sounds of heart, murmurs of heart or murmurs of blood vessels, etc., so as to facilitate the user to obtain diagnostic information.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the stethoscope 100 includes a body 20 and an optical microphone 10, wherein the body 20 is provided with a connecting portion 21 and a first diaphragm 22 which are connected with each other, and the connecting portion 21 and the first diaphragm 22 define a first chamber; the optical microphone 10 is mounted in the first chamber or in the receiving member 30 of the stethoscope 100, and the first chamber communicates with the interior of the receiving member 30 when the optical microphone 10 is mounted in the receiving member 30; the optical microphone 10 includes a base 11, a second diaphragm 12, a light source 13, and a light detector 14, where the second diaphragm 12 is mounted on the base 11 and encloses a second chamber 16 with the base 11, and light emitted by the light source 13 can enter the second chamber 16 and be reflected by the second diaphragm 12 to the light detector 14.

When the stethoscope 100 is used, the light source 13 is in a working state, and light rays emitted by the light source 13 are emitted to the second vibrating diaphragm 12 and reflected to the light detector 14 by the second vibrating diaphragm 12; when the body 20 is placed on the skin surface of a user, the first vibrating diaphragm 22 faces the skin surface of the user and is attached, vibration of the skin surface is transmitted to the first vibrating diaphragm 22, so that the first vibrating diaphragm 22 vibrates, the vibration of the first vibrating diaphragm 22 is transmitted to one side of the second vibrating diaphragm 12 far away from the second cavity 16, the second vibrating diaphragm 12 vibrates, and then the light intensity or phase or wavelength information of the light reflected by the second vibrating diaphragm 12 to the light detector 14 is changed and converted into an electric signal, so that the terminal equipment can acquire sound signals acquired by the optical microphone 10, and the terminal equipment can view the measured sound information, such as a heartbeat oscillogram, the beating times of a heart in a specified time and the like, through a display screen of electronic equipment such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer and the like; alternatively, the optical microphone 10 may transmit a signal to the speaker 50, the speaker 50 generates amplified sound waves, the sound waves are transmitted to the ear piece 40 through the rubber tube, and the user can obtain sound information through the ear piece 40.

In this embodiment, the stethoscope 100 collects a sound signal by using the optical microphone 10, and skin vibration can be transferred to the first diaphragm 22 of the body 20, so that the first diaphragm 22 vibrates; the vibration of the first diaphragm 22 is transmitted to the second diaphragm 12 of the optical microphone 10, so that the second diaphragm 12 vibrates, resulting in a change in the optical properties of the light reflected by the second diaphragm 12 to the photodetector 14, and the photodetector 14 processes and converts the obtained optical signal into an electrical signal to enable the user to obtain final sound information. That is, by using the optical microphone 10 to indirectly measure the vibration of the skin, even if the vibration of the skin is relatively small, the frequency of the sound wave generated by coupling with the air is low, and the sound wave can be collected by the optical microphone 10, so that the pickup sensitivity is high, and the playing of sound quality and the discrimination of noise are facilitated.

The optical microphone may further include a processor 15, where the optical detector 14 can convert the signal of the received light into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the processor 15, and the processor 15 can process the electrical signal and generate a standard electrical signal, where the standard electrical signal may be further transmitted to the terminal device through the wireless transmission element.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the light source 13 and the light detector 14 are both installed in the second chamber 16, and the light source 13 and the second diaphragm 12 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the second chamber 16, so that the light emitted by the light source 13 can irradiate the second diaphragm 12, and along the height direction of the base 11, the projection of the light source 13 and the projection of the light detector 14 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the base 11, so that the light reflected by the second diaphragm 12 can reach the light detector 14. So arranged, the structure is simple, which is beneficial to reducing the occupied volume of the optical microphone 10.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, the base 11 includes a housing 111 and a support tube 112, one end of the support tube 112 is connected to a side wall of the housing 111, the other end protrudes outside the housing 111, the second diaphragm 12 is mounted at an end of the support tube 112 away from the housing 111, and the second diaphragm 12, the support tube 112 and the housing 111 enclose a second chamber 16.

The support pipe 112 may extend along the height direction of the housing 111, and both the support pipe 112 and the housing 111 are hollow structures, and one end of the support pipe 112 may be specifically connected to a mounting through hole in a side wall of the housing 111, or one end of the support pipe 112 is connected to an outer wall surface of the side wall of the housing 111 and is communicated with the mounting through hole in the side wall of the housing 111.

In this embodiment, the support tube 112 is mounted on the side wall of the housing 111, and the second diaphragm 12 is mounted on the end of the support tube 112 away from the housing 111, so that the mounting stability of the second diaphragm 12 is improved, compared with the case where the second diaphragm 12 is directly mounted on the side wall of the housing 111, the manner enables the second diaphragm 12 to conveniently use tools or devices without reducing the mounting accuracy in the mounting process, so as to reduce the assembly cost.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the optical microphone 10 further includes a light-transmitting portion 17 and a first mounting portion 18, where the light-transmitting portion 17 is provided with a first grating, the first grating is diffraction, the first mounting portion 18 is connected with an inner wall of the support tube 112, and the light-transmitting portion 17 is connected with the first mounting portion 18; the light transmitting portion 17 and the first mounting portion 18 divide the second chamber 16 into a first portion 161 and a second portion 162, the light source 13 and the light detector 14 are located at the second portion 162, the first mounting portion 18 is provided with a first through hole, and the first portion 161 and the second portion 162 communicate through the first through hole.

When the light source 13 works, as the light transmitting part 17 is positioned between the light source 13 and the second diaphragm 12, light rays emitted by the light source 13 firstly pass through the light transmitting part 17, and a part of the light rays pass through the diffraction grating of the light transmitting part 17 to reach the second diaphragm 12, and the light rays reflected by the second diaphragm 12 pass through the diffraction grating of the light transmitting part 17 and then reach the light detector 14; the other part of the light reaches the light detector 14 after being reflected by the light transmitting part 17, and the two parts of the light interfere with each other to form an interference pattern at the light detector 14; when the optical microphone 10 is used for collecting sound information, sound waves act on one side of the second diaphragm 12, which is away from the second cavity 16, so that a pressure difference is caused between two sides of the second diaphragm 12, the second diaphragm 12 vibrates, the distance between the second diaphragm 12 and the light-transmitting part 17 is changed, the interference pattern at the light detector 14 is changed correspondingly, and the light intensity of the interference pattern is detected by the light detector 14, so that the sound pressure change of the incoming sound waves is measured.

The light-transmitting portion 17 and the first mounting portion 18 divide the second chamber 16 into a first portion 161 and a second portion 162, when the sound wave acts on the second diaphragm 12, the distance between the second diaphragm 12 and the light-transmitting portion 17 and the first mounting portion 18 is reduced, that is, the volume of the first portion 161 is compressed, and since the first portion 161 and the second portion 162 are communicated, the pressure of the first portion 161 is balanced by the second portion 162, and further the second diaphragm 12 is not difficult to deform due to the smaller volume of the first portion 161, so that the accuracy of the measurement result is affected.

In this embodiment, by providing the light-transmitting portion 17, and providing the light-transmitting portion 17 with a diffraction grating, a part of the light can be reflected by the light-transmitting portion 17, and another part can pass through the diffraction grating to reach the second diaphragm 12, so that the two parts of the light generate an interference pattern at the photodetector 14, in this way, the optical microphone 10 can obtain a very high signal-to-noise ratio, and can obtain a substantially flat frequency response in the range of 20 hz to 2 khz.

Specifically, the first mounting portion 18 may be provided along the circumferential direction of the light transmitting portion 17.

Wherein the light detector 14 may be one or more, when the light detector 14 is a plurality, the plurality of light detectors 14 may measure different interference patterns, or more than one step of the interference patterns.

The light transmitting portion 17 may be a light transmitting plate, and a diffraction grating is provided on the light transmitting plate. The first mounting portion 18 may be a mounting plate.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the optical microphone 10 further includes a second mounting portion 19, an incident optical fiber 110 and a reflective optical fiber 120, the second mounting portion 19 is connected to an inner wall of the support tube 112, the second mounting portion 19 partitions the second chamber 16 into a third portion 163 and a fourth portion 164, the light source 13 and the light detector 14 are located at the fourth portion 164, the second mounting portion 19 is provided with a second through hole, and the third portion 163 and the fourth portion 164 communicate through the second through hole; the second mounting portion 19 is provided with a first guide hole 191 and a second guide hole 192, one end of the incident optical fiber 110 is connected to the light source 13, the other end passes through the first guide hole 191 and extends into the third portion 163, one end of the reflective optical fiber 120 is connected to the photodetector 14, the other end passes through the second guide hole 192 and extends into the third portion 163, and the first guide hole 191 and the second guide hole 192 extend along the incident path and the reflective path of the light irradiated to the second diaphragm 12 by the light source 13, respectively, so that the incident optical fiber 110 is mounted in the first guide hole 191, i.e., in the incident path, and the reflective optical fiber 120 is mounted in the second guide hole 192, i.e., in the reflective path.

When the light source 13 works, light rays emitted by the light source 13 are incident to the second diaphragm 12 through the incident optical fiber 110, and the light rays reflected by the second diaphragm 12 enter the reflecting optical fiber 120 and enter the light detector 14 through the reflecting optical fiber 120; when this type of optical microphone 10 is used to collect acoustic information, the acoustic wave acts on the side of the second diaphragm 12 facing away from the second chamber 16, causing a pressure difference across the second diaphragm 12, so that the intensity of reflected light entering the reflective optical fiber 120 changes, and the photodetector 14 detects the changed intensity, thereby measuring the change in the sound pressure of the incoming acoustic wave.

The second mounting portion 19 divides the second chamber 16 into a third portion 163 and a fourth portion 164, when the sound wave acts on the second diaphragm 12, the distance between the second diaphragm 12 and the second mounting portion 19 is reduced, that is, the volume of the third portion 163 is compressed, and since the third portion 163 and the fourth portion 164 are communicated, the fourth portion 164 balances the pressure of the third portion 163, and further, the second diaphragm 12 is not difficult to deform due to the smaller volume of the third portion 163, so that the accuracy of the measurement result is not affected.

In this embodiment, by arranging the incident optical fiber 110 and the reflective optical fiber 120, the light emitted by the light source 13 and the light reflected by the second diaphragm 12 are transmitted through the light, so that the transmission loss of the light is reduced, the anti-interference capability of the light in the transmission process is improved, and the optical microphone 10 adopting the mode has a simple structure and relatively flat frequency response.

The second mounting portion 19 may be a mounting plate.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a control circuit board 140 may be disposed in the second chamber 16, and the light source 13 and the light detector 14 may be both mounted on the control circuit board 140.

In yet another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-4, the optical microphone 10 further includes a circulator 130, the circulator 130 having a first port 131, a second port 132, and a third port 133, the light source 13 is in communication with the first port 131, the second chamber 16 is in communication with the second port 132, and the light detector 14 is in communication with the third port 133, such that light emitted by the light source 13 can reach the second chamber 16 through the circulator 130, and light reflected by the second diaphragm 12 can reach the light detector 14 through the circulator 130.

Wherein the light source 13, the second chamber 16 and the light detector 14 may be in communication with the first port 131, the second port 132 and the third port 133, respectively, via optical fibers.

In this embodiment, the circulator 130 can realize bidirectional optical signal transmission on a single optical fiber, so that the light source 13, the second diaphragm 12, the base 11 and the photodetector 14 can be independently installed at different positions, thereby facilitating the assembly of the internal parts of the optical microphone 10.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the base 11 includes a first optical fiber 113 and a second optical fiber 114, the first optical fiber 113 is provided with a first channel 113a, the second optical fiber 114 is provided with a second channel 114a, one end of the first channel 113a is provided with the second diaphragm 12, the other end is connected with one end of the second optical fiber 114, and the other end of the second optical fiber 114 is connected with the second port 132; the first channel 113a and the second channel 114a are communicated, and the end face of the second diaphragm 12 facing the second chamber 16 and the end face of the second optical fiber 114 facing the second chamber 16 are parallel to each other, so that the second chamber 16 enclosed by the second diaphragm 12, the first optical fiber 113 and the second optical fiber 114 forms a fabry-perot cavity.

When the light source 13 works, light rays emitted by the light source 13 enter the second optical fiber 114 through the circulator 130, one part of the light rays are reflected at the end face, communicated with the first channel 113a, of the second channel 114, the other part of the light rays enter the Fabry-Perot cavity, are reflected at the second diaphragm 12 and return to the second optical fiber 114, and the two parts of the reflected light rays form interference patterns in the second channel 114a, enter the circulator 130 through the second channel 114a and reach the light detector 14 through the circulator 130; when the optical microphone 10 is adopted to collect sound signals, sound waves act on one side of the second diaphragm 12, which is away from the Fabry-Perot cavity, so that the second diaphragm 12 vibrates to generate deflection deformation, thereby changing the width of the Fabry-Perot cavity, namely changing the optical path difference of two parts of reflected light rays, changing the interference pattern, and detecting the intensity (or phase) change generated by the interference pattern change through the light detector 14, so that the detection of external sound pressure signals can be realized.

In this embodiment, the optical microphone 10 is a fabry-perot cavity optical microphone 10 that is sensitive to sound pressure waves on the order of nanometers or even picometers, allowing for high sensitivity in detecting sound waves.

More specifically, the cross-sectional area of the first channel 113a is larger than that of the second channel 114a, so that when an acoustic wave acts on the second diaphragm 12, the second diaphragm 12 is easily deformed toward the inside of the first channel 113a, thereby avoiding affecting the accuracy of the measurement result.

Further, in still another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, two opposite side walls of the second chamber 16 are respectively provided with a first optical waveguide 115 and a second optical waveguide 116, one end of the first optical waveguide 115 is connected to the second port 132 through the third optical fiber 150, the other end is communicated with the second chamber 16, and one end of the second optical waveguide 116 is communicated with the second chamber 16; a second grating 121 is disposed on a side of the second diaphragm 12 facing the second chamber 16, so that light incident on the second chamber 16 can be reflected to the first optical waveguide 115 through the second grating 121, and transmitted to the optical detector 14 through the circulator 130, and light not reflected by the second grating 121 enters the second optical waveguide 116; the side wall of the second chamber 16 is provided with a first communication hole 165 communicating with the outside. The second grating 121 may be a bragg grating in particular.

When the light source 13 works, light rays emitted by the light source 13 reach the third optical fiber 150 through the circulator 130, enter the first optical waveguide 115 through the third optical fiber 150, then a part of light rays return to the third optical fiber 150 through the reflection of the second grating 121, reach the light detector 14 after passing through the circulator 130, and enter the second optical waveguide 116 through the light rays which are not reflected by the second grating 121, so that interference of other light rays on reflected light passing through the second grating 121 is reduced; when such an optical microphone 10 is used to collect sound signals, sound waves act on a side of the second diaphragm 12 away from the second chamber 16, causing a pressure difference across the second diaphragm 12, so that the second diaphragm 12 vibrates, and thus the distance between the second diaphragm 12 and the bottom wall of the second chamber 16 changes, so that the wavelength of reflected light reflected by the second grating 121 changes, and the photodetector 14 detects the wavelength change of the reflected light, thereby measuring the sound pressure change of the incoming sound waves.

When the distance between the second diaphragm 12 and the bottom wall of the second chamber 16 is reduced, that is, the volume of the second chamber 16 is compressed, because the side wall of the second chamber 16 is provided with the first communication hole 165 communicated with the outside, the outside air can balance the pressure of the second chamber 16, and further the second diaphragm 12 is not difficult to deform due to the smaller volume of the second chamber 16, thereby avoiding affecting the accuracy of the measurement result.

In this embodiment, the optical microphone 10 in this way has a high signal-to-noise ratio by transmitting light through the optical waveguide of the second chamber 16 and reflecting the light through the second grating 121 provided on the second diaphragm 12.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the base 11 is provided with a groove 117, the second diaphragm 12 is mounted in the groove 117, the groove 117 is divided into a second chamber 16 and a recess 117a, and the cross-sectional area of the recess 117a gradually increases in a direction away from the second diaphragm 12.

When the optical microphone 10 is used for collecting sound signals, the surface of the skin vibrates and is coupled with air at the position of the concave part 117a, so that sound waves are formed, and the sound waves act on the second diaphragm 12 again, so that the second diaphragm 12 vibrates. Since the sectional area of the concave portion 117a gradually increases in a direction away from the second diaphragm 12, skin surface vibration is facilitated to be coupled with air.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 5-6, the stethoscope 100 further includes an ear piece 40 and a speaker 50, the optical microphone 10 is installed in the accommodating cavity 31 of the accommodating piece 30, the opposite sides of the accommodating cavity 31 are respectively provided with a sound collecting part and a speaker part, the sound collecting part is provided with a sound collecting cavity 32, the speaker part is provided with a speaker cavity 33, the optical microphone 10 is arranged in the sound collecting cavity 32, the speaker 50 is arranged in the speaker cavity 33, and the sound collecting cavity 32 and the speaker cavity 33 are respectively communicated with the first cavity and the ear piece 40 through the connecting pipe 60. The connection pipe 60 may be a hose in particular.

When the stethoscope 100 is used, the ear piece 40 is worn on the ear of a user, the body piece 20 is attached to the skin surface, the first vibrating diaphragm 22 faces the skin surface, the skin surface vibration is transmitted to the first vibrating diaphragm 22, the first vibrating diaphragm 22 vibrates, the vibration of the first vibrating diaphragm 22 is coupled with air, sound waves are generated, the sound waves are picked up by the optical microphone 10 and converted into electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted to the loudspeaker 50, the electric signals are converted into sound signals by the loudspeaker 50, amplified sound waves are generated, and the sound waves are transmitted to the ear piece 40 through the connecting pipe 60, so that the user can acquire sound information through the ear piece 40.

In this embodiment, the stethoscope 100 for acquiring sound information through the ear piece 40 is a stethoscope 100 of a traditional form, and the optical microphone 10 can indirectly measure skin vibration by applying the optical microphone 10 to the stethoscope 100 of a traditional form, so that even if the skin vibration is tiny, sound waves generated by coupling with air can be collected by the optical microphone 10, the pick-up sensitivity is high, the playing of sound quality and the discrimination degree of noise are facilitated, and diagnosis can be easily performed by using the stethoscope 100 of a traditional form.

In addition, the stethoscope 100 in the conventional manner may be further provided with a wireless transmission member, the wireless transmission member may be installed in the accommodating cavity 31 of the accommodating member 30, the wireless transmission member may perform signal transmission with the processor 15 and the speaker 50, respectively, after the optical microphone 10 picks up sound waves and converts the sound waves into electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted to the wireless transmission member, and are processed by the wireless transmission member, one signal generates amplified sound waves through the speaker 50 and is transmitted to the ear member 40, and the other signal is transmitted to the terminal device, for example, to the mobile phone of the user, so that the user can view the measured information in the mobile phone.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the stethoscope 100 further includes a switching member 70, and the switching member 70 is used to control the speaker 50 to be in an operating state or an off state.

When the switch member 70 is turned off and the speaker 50 is in a working state, after the electrical signal processed by the optical microphone 10 is transmitted to the speaker 50, the speaker 50 generates amplified sound waves and transmits the amplified sound waves to the ear member 40, so that a user can conveniently acquire sound information through the ear member 40; when the switch 70 is turned on, the speaker 50 is controlled to stop working, and only the optical microphone 10 collects sound, at which time the user's binaural experience is the same as the conventional stethoscope.

In this embodiment, the switch member 70 is provided to facilitate the user to switch the use state of the stethoscope according to different use situations.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 8-10, the stethoscope 100 further includes a handheld body 80, the optical microphone 10 is mounted in the first chamber, and the side of the connecting portion 21 facing away from the second diaphragm 12 is connected to the handheld body 80.

Unlike the stethoscope 100 in the conventional manner, in this embodiment, the user can operate the handheld body 80 to place the body 20 on the skin surface, and collect the sound information through the optical microphone 10 disposed in the body 20, so that the parts such as the ear piece 40 and the connecting tube 60 are omitted, and the volume is small, thereby being convenient for operation and storage.

The handheld body 80 may be provided with a wireless transmission element, and when the optical microphone 10 picks up the sound wave and converts the sound wave into an electrical signal, the electrical signal is transmitted to the wireless transmission element, processed by the wireless transmission element, and then transmitted to the terminal device, for example, to the mobile phone of the user, so that the user can view the measured information in the mobile phone; or a display screen is mounted on the side wall of the hand-held body 80, and a signal processing unit is arranged in the hand-held body 80, and can process the electric signal transmitted by the optical microphone 10 and display corresponding information on the display screen.

In addition, as shown in fig. 9, the stethoscope further includes a second flexible connection member 104, and a side of the connection portion 21 facing away from the second diaphragm 12 is connected to the hand-held body 80 through the second flexible connection member 104. Because the second flexible connecting member 104 has a certain flexibility, a certain degree of movement is provided between the body member 20 and the handheld body 80, so that the user can attach the body member 20 to the skin more easily during the process of operating the handheld body 80.

Further, as shown in fig. 11, the stethoscope 100 further includes a first sensing member 90, where the first sensing member 90 includes a first body portion 91 and a first electrocardio electrode 92, the first body portion 91 is provided with a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface opposite to each other, the first electrocardio electrode 92 is mounted on the first mounting surface, the second mounting surface is connected to a side of the connecting portion 21 connected to the first diaphragm 22, the first body portion 91 is provided with a second communication hole penetrating the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface, and the second communication hole is disposed opposite to the first diaphragm 22.

When the body 20 is placed on the skin surface of the user, the first electrocardiograph electrode 92 is in contact with the skin surface of the user, so that electrocardiograph signals generated by heart beats on the skin surface of the user can be detected, and thus the electrocardiograph signals or heart rate can be detected, or the first electrocardiograph electrode 92 is used for sending and/or receiving electrical signals to the skin of the user, and the electrical signals are used for detecting physiological parameters such as body components (e.g. body fat, muscle content) of the human body, and the like, so that diagnosis is facilitated; and skin surface vibration may be transmitted to the first diaphragm 22 through the second communication hole.

Wherein the first electrocardio-electrode 92 can be two or three or more.

In still another embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the optical microphone 10 is mounted in the first chamber, the stethoscope 100 further includes a first flexible connection member 103 and a holding member 101, the connection portion 21 is connected to the holding member 101 through the first flexible connection member 103, the holding member 101 is provided with a holding surface 101a, the holding surface 101a is a plane, and the first diaphragm 22 and the holding surface 101a are disposed towards the same side.

Unlike the stethoscope 100 in the conventional form, in this embodiment, the user can align the body 20 with the part to be auscultated, place the placing member 101 at a position where the body surface is flat (such as on ribs and collarbones), and the placing surface 101a contacts with the skin of the body surface, so that the optical microphone 10 arranged in the body 20 collects sound information, thereby omitting the parts such as the ear piece 40 and the connecting tube 60, and the like, having smaller volume, being convenient for operation and storage, and being more convenient for use, only by placing the stethoscope 100 on the human body entirely during measurement, without performing other operations.

When such stethoscope 100 is fully placed on the human body, the body member 20 is better fitted to the skin due to the self weight of the body member 20. In this embodiment, the body 20 and the holding member 101 are flexibly connected, so that the shake of the holding member 101 does not affect the measurement of the body 20.

Wherein, the holding member 101 may be provided with a wireless transmission member, and when the optical microphone 10 picks up the sound wave and converts the sound wave into an electrical signal, the electrical signal is transmitted to the wireless transmission member, processed by the wireless transmission member, and then transmitted to the terminal device, for example, to the mobile phone of the user, so that the user can view the measured information in the mobile phone; or a display screen is mounted on the side wall of the holding member 101, and a signal processing unit is disposed in the holding member 101, and can process the electric signal transmitted by the optical microphone 10 and display corresponding information on the display screen.

Further, as shown in fig. 12, the stethoscope 100 further includes a second sensing element 102, where the second sensing element 102 includes a second body portion 102a and a second electrocardio electrode 102b, the second body portion 102a is provided with a third mounting surface and a fourth mounting surface opposite to each other, the second electrocardio electrode 102b is mounted on the third mounting surface, the fourth mounting surface is connected to a side of the connecting portion 21 connected to the first diaphragm 22, the second body portion 102a is provided with a third communication hole penetrating the third mounting surface and the fourth mounting surface, and the third communication hole is disposed opposite to the first diaphragm 22.

When the body 20 is placed on the skin surface of the user, the second electrocardio electrode 102b is contacted with the skin surface of the user, so that electrocardio signals generated by heart beating on the skin surface of the user can be detected, and thus electrocardio signals or heart rate can be detected, or the second electrocardio electrode 102b is used for sending and/or receiving electric signals to the skin of the user, and the electric signals are used for detecting physiological parameters such as body components (e.g. body fat, muscle content) of the human body and the like, so that diagnosis is facilitated; and skin surface vibration may be transmitted to the first diaphragm 22 through the third communication hole.

Wherein the second electrocardio-electrode 102b may be two or three or more.

The first flexible connection 103 may specifically be a flexible connection rod or a flexible connection plate.

The embodiment of the present application further provides an auscultation system, as shown in fig. 13, including an auscultation device 100, a terminal device and a server, where the auscultation device 100 is the auscultation device 100 described in any of the above embodiments, and the auscultation device 100 further includes a wireless transmission element, where the wireless transmission element can transmit the sound signal acquired by the optical microphone 10 to the terminal device, so that a user can display and/or play the measured sound signal through a video and/or audio device of the terminal device; the server is capable of signal transmission with the terminal device.

In such an auscultation system, as shown in fig. 13, the stethoscope 100 transmits the collected sound signal to the terminal device through a wireless transmission member. The terminal equipment is internally provided with a data processing algorithm, performs primary analysis processing on the sound signals, and performs segmentation and band-pass filtering on continuous sound signals so as to reduce useless noise. The terminal device may be a smart phone, which may be connected to a tablet computer, a smart watch, a bluetooth headset, a computer, etc.

The terminal equipment uploads the preliminary analysis result to the Internet according to the setting, and the server can perform deep machine learning after receiving the sound signal which is primarily processed through the Internet and feeds back the machine analysis result. After receiving the sound signals from the Internet, doctors can carry out manual remote diagnosis and guidance, and medical resources are greatly saved. The doctor can also be a plurality of doctors. The family can also listen to the sound and view the picture through the home terminal equipment to access the internet, so that a perceptual knowledge is obtained, and nursing work is facilitated.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (18)

1. A stethoscope, characterized in that the stethoscope (100) comprises:

the body piece (20) is provided with a connecting part (21) and a first vibrating diaphragm (22) which are connected with each other, and the connecting part (21) and the first vibrating diaphragm (22) enclose a first cavity;

an optical microphone (10) mounted in the first chamber or in a housing (30) of the stethoscope (100), the first chamber communicating with the interior of the housing (30) when the optical microphone (10) is mounted in the housing (30);

the optical microphone (10) comprises a base (11), a second vibrating diaphragm (12), a light source (13) and a light detector (14), wherein the second vibrating diaphragm (12) is installed on the base (11) and encloses a second cavity (16) with the base (11), and light emitted by the light source (13) can enter the second cavity (16) and be reflected to the light detector (14) by the second vibrating diaphragm (12).

2. Stethoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source (13) and the light detector (14) are both mounted in the second chamber (16), the light source (13) and the second diaphragm (12) are located on opposite sides of the second chamber (16), respectively, along the height direction of the base (11), and the projections of the light source (13) and the projections of the light detector (14) are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the base (11).

3. Stethoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that the base (11) comprises a housing (111) and a support tube (112), one end of the support tube (112) is connected to the side wall of the housing (111), the other end protrudes outwards of the housing (111), the second diaphragm (12) is mounted at the end of the support tube (112) away from the housing (111), and the second diaphragm (12), the support tube (112) and the housing (111) enclose the second chamber (16).

4. A stethoscope according to claim 3, characterized in that the optical microphone (10) further comprises a light-transmitting portion (17) and a first mounting portion (18), the light-transmitting portion (17) being provided with a first grating, the first mounting portion (18) being connected to an inner wall of the support tube (112), the light-transmitting portion (17) being connected to the first mounting portion (18);

The light transmitting part (17) and the first mounting part (18) divide the second chamber (16) into a first part (161) and a second part (162), the light source (13) and the light detector (14) are located in the second part (162), the first mounting part (18) is provided with a first through hole, and the first part (161) and the second part (162) are communicated through the first through hole.

5. The stethoscope according to claim 3, wherein the optical microphone (10) further comprises a second mounting portion (19), an incident optical fiber (110) and a reflective optical fiber (120), the second mounting portion (19) being connected to an inner wall of the support tube (112), the second mounting portion (19) dividing the second chamber (16) into a third portion (163) and a fourth portion (164), the light source (13) and the light detector (14) being located at the fourth portion (164), the second mounting portion (19) being provided with a second through hole through which the third portion (163) and the fourth portion (164) communicate;

the second installation part (19) is provided with first guiding hole (191) and second guiding hole (192), the one end of incident optical fiber (110) with light source (13) is connected, and the other end passes first guiding hole (191) and stretches into third portion (163), the one end of reflection optical fiber (120) with photodetector (14) is connected, and the other end passes second guiding hole (192) and stretches into third portion (163), first guiding hole (191) and second guiding hole (192) are followed respectively light source (13) are shone to second vibrating diaphragm (12) incident path and reflection path extension.

6. The stethoscope according to claim 1, wherein the optical microphone (10) further comprises a circulator (130), the circulator (130) having a first port (131), a second port (132) and a third port (133), the light source (13) being in communication with the first port (131), the second chamber (16) being in communication with the second port (132), the light detector (14) being in communication with the third port (133), such that light emitted by the light source (13) can reach the second chamber (16) through the circulator (130), light reflected by the second diaphragm (12) can reach the light detector (14) through the circulator (130).

7. The stethoscope according to claim 6, wherein the base (11) comprises a first optical fiber (113) and a second optical fiber (114), the first optical fiber (113) is provided with a first channel (113 a), the second optical fiber (114) is provided with a second channel (114 a), the second diaphragm (12) is mounted at one end of the first channel (113 a), the other end is connected with one end of the second optical fiber (114), the other end of the second optical fiber (114) is connected with the second port (132), the first channel (113 a) and the second channel (114 a) are communicated, the second diaphragm (12), the first optical fiber (113) and the second optical fiber (114) enclose the second chamber (16), and the end face of the second diaphragm (12) facing the second chamber (16) and the end face of the second optical fiber (114) facing the second chamber (16) are parallel to each other.

8. The stethoscope according to claim 7, wherein the cross-sectional area of the first channel (113 a) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second channel (114 a).

9. The stethoscope according to claim 6, characterized in that two opposite side walls of the second chamber (16) are provided with a first optical waveguide (115) and a second optical waveguide (116), respectively, one end of the first optical waveguide (115) being connected to the second port (132) by a third optical fiber (150), the other end being in communication with the second chamber (16), one end of the second optical waveguide (116) being in communication with the second chamber (16);

a second grating (121) is arranged on one side, facing the second chamber (16), of the second diaphragm (12), so that light rays entering the second chamber (16) can be reflected to the first optical waveguide (115) through the second grating (121), and are transmitted to the light detector (14) through the circulator (130), and light rays which are not reflected by the second grating (121) enter the second optical waveguide (116);

the side wall of the second chamber (16) is provided with a first communication hole (165) communicating with the outside.

10. Stethoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (11) is provided with a recess (117), the second diaphragm (12) being mounted in the recess (117), the recess (117) being divided into the second chamber (16) and a recess (117 a), the cross-sectional area of the recess (117 a) increasing in a direction away from the second diaphragm (12).

11. Stethoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the stethoscope (100) further comprises an ear piece (40) and a loudspeaker (50), the optical microphone (10) is mounted in the housing cavity (31) of the housing piece (30), the opposite sides of the housing cavity (31) are respectively provided with a sound collecting part and a sound raising part, the sound collecting part is provided with a sound collecting cavity (32), the sound raising part is provided with a sound raising cavity (33), the sound collecting cavity (32) is communicated with the sound raising cavity (33), the optical microphone (10) is arranged in the sound collecting cavity (32), the loudspeaker (50) is arranged in the sound raising cavity (33), and the sound collecting cavity (32) and the sound raising cavity (33) are respectively communicated with the first cavity and the ear piece (40) through connecting pipes (60).

12. The stethoscope according to claim 11, wherein the stethoscope (100) further comprises a switch (70), the switch (70) being adapted to control the speaker (50) to be in an active or off state.

13. The stethoscope according to claim 1, wherein the stethoscope (100) further comprises a hand-held body (80), wherein the optical microphone (10) is mounted in the first chamber, and wherein the side of the connecting portion (21) facing away from the second diaphragm (12) is connected to the hand-held body (80).

14. The stethoscope according to claim 13, wherein the stethoscope (100) further comprises a first sensing member (90), the first sensing member (90) comprises a first body portion (91) and a first electrocardio electrode (92), the first body portion (91) is provided with a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface which are opposite, the first electrocardio electrode (92) is mounted on the first mounting surface, the second mounting surface is connected with one side of the connecting portion (21) connected with the first diaphragm (22), the first body portion (91) is provided with a second communication hole penetrating through the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface, and the second communication hole is disposed opposite to the first diaphragm (22).

15. The stethoscope according to claim 1, wherein the optical microphone (10) is mounted in the first chamber, the stethoscope (100) further comprises a first flexible connecting member (103) and a holding member (101), the connecting portion (21) is connected with the holding member (101) through the first flexible connecting member (103), the holding member (101) is provided with a holding surface (101 a), the holding surface (101 a) is a plane, and the first diaphragm (22) and the holding surface (101 a) are disposed towards the same side.

16. The stethoscope according to claim 15, wherein the stethoscope (100) further comprises a second sensing member (102), the second sensing member (102) comprising a second body portion (102 a) and a second electrocardio electrode (102 b), the second body portion (102 a) being provided with a third mounting surface and a fourth mounting surface opposite to each other, the second electrocardio electrode (102 b) being mounted on the third mounting surface, the fourth mounting surface being connected to a side of the connecting portion (21) to which the first diaphragm (22) is connected, the second body portion (102 a) being provided with a third communication hole penetrating the third mounting surface and the fourth mounting surface, the third communication hole being disposed opposite to the first diaphragm (22).

17. The stethoscope according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein the optical microphone further comprises a processor (15), wherein the light detector (14) is capable of converting received light signals into electrical signals and transmitting to the processor (15), wherein the processor (15) is capable of processing the electrical signals.

18. A auscultation system, comprising:

a stethoscope (100), the stethoscope (100) being a stethoscope (100) according to any one of claims 1-17, the stethoscope (100) further comprising a wireless transmission;

the wireless transmission part can process the sound signals acquired by the optical microphone (10) and transmit the sound signals to the terminal equipment;

and the server can perform signal transmission with the terminal equipment.