CN117650565A - Comprehensive treatment method, device and equipment for distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method, device and equipment for distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit Download PDFInfo
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- CN117650565A CN117650565A CN202311439085.9A CN202311439085A CN117650565A CN 117650565 A CN117650565 A CN 117650565A CN 202311439085 A CN202311439085 A CN 202311439085A CN 117650565 A CN117650565 A CN 117650565A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic power generation grid-connected control, and particularly provides a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit comprehensive treatment method, device and equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring historical data of a transformer gateway of a distribution transformer area, and adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer based on the acquired historical data until a voltage threshold is met; when the user voltage in the distribution transformer area does not meet the requirement of the power supply voltage, reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter is carried out; and after the reactive voltage regulation is finished, if the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit, carrying out active power regulation on the distributed photovoltaic inverter. The change amplitude of the voltage at the grid-connected point is tested by adjusting reactive power and active power output by each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the transformer area, so as to test the voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point; and determining reactive power and active power output of each distributed photovoltaic inverter according to voltage sensitivity of grid-connected points of each photovoltaic inverter, and realizing comprehensive control of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit of a distribution transformer area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic power generation grid-connected control, in particular to a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit comprehensive treatment method, device and equipment.
Background
With the large-scale grid connection of high-permeability distributed photovoltaics, the power distribution network presents new operation characteristics. The randomness and intermittence of the output of the distributed photovoltaic affect the power flow distribution of the power distribution network, and the voltage fluctuation and out-of-limit phenomenon of the power distribution network can be caused, so that the distributed photovoltaic power distribution network becomes one of the main problems for restricting the development of the distributed photovoltaic power distribution network.
Aiming at the problem of voltage out-of-limit caused by low-voltage distributed photovoltaic access of a power distribution station, the scheme for solving the voltage out-of-limit mainly comprises measures such as dynamic reactive power compensation, gear shifting of an on-load voltage regulating transformer, energy storage installation, voltage out-of-limit treatment device addition, distributed photovoltaic power control and the like. But installing energy storage and voltage out-of-limit governors requires a significant investment. The reactive compensation equipment is deployed to cause the line loss of the transformer area to be increased, and the problem that the serious voltage of the end user is out of limit is difficult to solve when the on-load voltage regulating transformer shifts.
Compared with the traditional voltage regulating equipment, the distributed photovoltaic inverter has a certain idle capacity, the residual capacity of the photovoltaic inverter is effectively utilized to regulate the voltage of the photovoltaic grid-connected point, and the additional improvement equipment is not required. However, existing photovoltaic inverters are grid-connected at a unit power factor in actual operation and in MPPT mode of operation, typically do not provide reactive support. The method has the advantages that the grid-connected point voltage out-of-limit example is improved based on the adjustment of the idle capacity of the photovoltaic inverter, for example, the grid-connected point voltage out-of-limit example is realized by increasing reactive power, but when the photovoltaic permeability of a platform area is too high and the reactive residual capacity of the photovoltaic inverter is insufficient, the treatment effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the photovoltaic permeability of a platform area is too high and the reactive residual capacity of a photovoltaic inverter is insufficient, and the treatment effect of the related technology is not ideal, the invention provides a comprehensive treatment method, device and equipment for the out-of-limit voltage of a distributed photovoltaic grid.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a comprehensive treatment method for out-of-limit voltage of a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system, which includes the following steps:
acquiring historical data of a transformer gateway of a distribution transformer area, and adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer based on the acquired historical data until a voltage threshold is met;
when the user voltage in the distribution transformer area does not meet the requirement of the power supply voltage, reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter is carried out;
after reactive voltage regulation is finished, if the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit, calculating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter for voltage treatment and reduction according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter, and testing the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
calculating the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter;
and carrying out active reduction on each photovoltaic inverter by coordinated control until the active reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met.
The control means can be flexibly selected according to the voltage out-of-limit degree, so that comprehensive control and reactive power optimization control of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit in a distribution area are realized, and the electric energy quality problems such as voltage out-of-limit and the like caused by large-scale distributed photovoltaic access are solved. Firstly, shifting the distribution transformer, if the voltage is still out of limit, adjusting reactive power adjustment of the distributed photovoltaic inverter, and then performing power factor compensation by using a capacitor; and if the problem of out-of-limit cannot be solved, adjusting the active power of the distributed photovoltaic inverter.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the present invention, the step of acquiring the history data of the gateway of the transformer in the power distribution area and adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer based on the acquired history data until the voltage threshold is met includes:
acquiring historical data of a transformer gateway of a power distribution station; wherein the data includes voltage, current, active, reactive, power factor;
judging whether the gate voltage is higher than a set value;
if yes, gear adjustment is carried out on the distribution transformer until the gate voltage meets the voltage threshold;
if not, judging whether the user voltage in the low-voltage transformer area meets the requirement of the power supply voltage;
if yes, ending, otherwise, executing the steps of: and performing reactive voltage regulation on the photovoltaic inverter.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the step of performing reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter comprises the following steps:
acquiring real-time operation data of a power distribution area and real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter;
calculating the maximum reactive power which can be provided by each photovoltaic inverter according to the real-time operation data and capacity information of each photovoltaic inverter, and testing the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point by adjusting the reactive power output of the photovoltaic inverter;
determining the reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter according to the out-of-limit condition of the grid-connected voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
according to the reactive state and the compensation quantity, coordinating each photovoltaic inverter to continue to generate reactive power until the reactive power output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met;
and according to the real-time operation data of the power distribution transformer area, the reactive compensation equipment of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time.
The change amplitude of the voltage at the grid-connected point is tested by adjusting reactive power and active power output by each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the transformer area, so that the voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point is tested.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the present invention, the step of determining the reactive state and the compensation amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the out-of-limit condition of the grid-connected voltage and the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter includes:
Judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, calculating the difference value between the grid-connected point voltage and the voltage upper limit of each photovoltaic inverter, and calculating inductive reactive power required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the voltage upper limit by utilizing reactive voltage sensitivity and sagging coefficient;
comparing the inductive reactive power with a maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
if the inductive reactive power is larger than the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter, judging that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented, and taking the difference value of the inductive reactive power and the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the reactive power required, wherein the reactive power required is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented;
if the inductive reactive power is smaller than the maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the confirmed reactive power and the inductive reactive power as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity; wherein the confirmed reactive is a smaller value between the maximum reactive that the photovoltaic inverter can provide and the reactive power factor adjusted to just meet the required reactive power required for the required inductive reactive.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the step of coordinating each photovoltaic inverter to continue to generate reactive power until meeting the reactive power output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points according to the reactive power state and the compensation quantity comprises the following steps:
acquiring reactive voltage sensitivity, reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
calculating the sum of reactive powers of all the photovoltaic inverters in the state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of residual capacities of all the photovoltaic inverters with residual capacities;
and (3) coordinating reactive output of each photovoltaic inverter in a residual capacity state according to reactive voltage sensitivity of grid-connected points of each photovoltaic inverter until reactive output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the present invention, according to real-time operation data of a power distribution substation, the step of performing real-time compensation on the power factor of the substation by the reactive compensation equipment of the coordinated control power distribution substation includes:
monitoring the power factor of the outlet side of the distribution transformer area in real time;
and the reactive compensation equipment for the capacitor at the head end of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time, so that the power factor is ensured to be within a set range.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the present invention, the step of calculating the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter includes:
Judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, calculating a difference value between the grid-connected point voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the voltage upper limit, and calculating an active reduction amount required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the voltage upper limit by utilizing the active voltage sensitivity and the sagging coefficient;
comparing the active cut amount with a maximum active cut amount that can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
if the active reduction amount is larger than the maximum active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented, and taking the difference between the active reduction amount and the maximum reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the still-needed active reduction amount, wherein the still-needed active is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented;
if the active reduction amount is smaller than the maximum active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the maximum active reduction amount and the active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the present invention, the step of cooperatively controlling each photovoltaic inverter to perform active reduction until the active reduction amount required for grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is satisfied includes:
Acquiring active voltage sensitivity, active state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
calculating the sum of the active reduction of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of the residual capacity of each photovoltaic inverter in the state with the residual capacity;
and according to the active voltage sensitivity coordination residual capacity state of the grid-connected points of each photovoltaic inverter, the active power of each photovoltaic inverter can be cut down until the active power reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met, so that the grid-connected point voltage grading treatment is realized.
In a second aspect, the technical scheme of the invention provides a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit comprehensive treatment device, which comprises a treatment pretreatment module, a reactive power regulation module, a reactive power treatment result judgment module and an active power regulation module;
the treatment pretreatment module is used for acquiring the historical data of the gateway of the transformer in the distribution area and adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer based on the acquired historical data until the voltage threshold is met;
the reactive power regulation module is used for carrying out reactive power regulation on the photovoltaic inverter when the user voltage in the distribution area does not meet the requirement of the power supply voltage;
the reactive power control result judging module is used for judging whether the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit after the voltage regulation of the reactive power regulating module is finished; if yes, triggering an active adjusting module;
The active power adjusting module comprises an active power data calculating unit, an active power reduction confirming unit and an active power coordination control unit;
the active data calculation unit is used for calculating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter for voltage treatment and reduction according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter and testing the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
the active reduction confirmation unit is used for confirming the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter;
the active coordination control unit is used for coordinating and controlling each photovoltaic inverter to perform active reduction until the active reduction amount required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the treatment pretreatment module comprises a data acquisition unit, a first judgment unit, a gear adjusting unit and a second judgment unit;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the historical data of the transformer gateway of the distribution area; wherein the data includes voltage, current, active, reactive, power factor;
the first judging unit is used for judging whether the gate voltage is higher than a set value;
the gear adjusting unit is used for adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer when the gate voltage is higher than a set value until the gate voltage meets a voltage threshold;
And the second judging unit is used for judging whether the user voltage in the low-voltage transformer area meets the requirement of the power supply voltage when the gateway voltage is not higher than the set value.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the reactive power regulation module comprises a data acquisition unit, a reactive power data calculation unit, a reactive power compensation determination unit, a reactive power coordination unit and a reactive power compensation control unit;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring real-time operation data of the distribution transformer area and real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive data calculation unit is used for calculating the maximum reactive power which can be provided by each photovoltaic inverter according to the real-time operation data and capacity information of each photovoltaic inverter, and testing the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point by adjusting the reactive output of the photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive compensation determining unit is used for determining the reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter according to the out-of-limit condition of the grid-connected voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
the reactive coordination unit is used for coordinating each photovoltaic inverter to continue generating reactive power according to the reactive state and the compensation quantity until the reactive power output required by the out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met;
and the reactive compensation control unit is used for cooperatively controlling reactive compensation equipment of the distribution transformer substation to compensate the power factor of the transformer substation in real time according to the real-time operation data of the distribution transformer substation.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the reactive compensation determining unit comprises a first voltage judging sub-module, an inductive reactive power calculating sub-module, a first comparing sub-module and a reactive compensation calculating sub-module;
the first voltage judging sub-module is used for judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
the inductive reactive power calculation sub-module is used for calculating the difference value between the grid-connected point voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the upper voltage limit if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, and calculating inductive reactive power required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the upper voltage limit by utilizing reactive voltage sensitivity and sagging coefficient;
the first comparison submodule is used for comparing the inductive reactive power with the maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive compensation calculation operator module is used for judging that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented if the inductive reactive power is larger than the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter, and taking the difference value of the inductive reactive power and the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the reactive power required, wherein the reactive power required is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented; if the inductive reactive power is smaller than the maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the confirmed reactive power and the inductive reactive power as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity; wherein the confirmed reactive is a smaller value between the maximum reactive that the photovoltaic inverter can provide and the reactive power factor adjusted to just meet the required reactive power required for the required inductive reactive.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the reactive power coordination unit comprises a reactive power calculation data acquisition sub-module, a reactive power state data calculation sub-module and a reactive power coordination control sub-module;
the reactive calculation data acquisition sub-module is used for acquiring reactive voltage sensitivity, reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive state data calculation sub-module is used for calculating the reactive sum of all the photovoltaic inverters in the state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of the residual capacities of all the photovoltaic inverters with the residual capacities;
and the reactive power coordination control sub-module is used for coordinating reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter in a residual capacity state according to reactive voltage sensitivity of grid-connected points of each photovoltaic inverter until reactive power output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the reactive compensation control unit is specifically used for monitoring the power factor of the outlet side of the distribution transformer area in real time; and the reactive compensation equipment for the capacitor at the head end of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time, so that the power factor is ensured to be within a set range.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the active reduction confirmation unit comprises a second voltage judgment sub-module, an active reduction calculation sub-module, a second comparison sub-module and an active compensation calculation sub-module;
The second voltage judging sub-module is used for judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
the active power reduction calculation sub-module is used for calculating the difference value between the grid-connected point voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the upper voltage limit if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, and calculating the active power reduction amount required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the upper voltage limit by utilizing the sensitivity of the active voltage and the sagging coefficient;
a second comparison sub-module for comparing the active reduction amount with a maximum active reducible amount that can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
the active compensation calculation operator module is used for judging that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented if the active reduction amount is larger than the maximum active reducible amount provided by the photovoltaic inverter, and taking the difference value between the active reduction amount and the maximum reducible active amount provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the still-needed active reduction amount, wherein the still-needed active amount is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented; if the active reduction amount is smaller than the maximum active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the maximum active reduction amount and the active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity.
As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the invention, the active coordination control unit comprises an active calculation data acquisition sub-module, an active state data calculation sub-module and an active coordination control sub-module;
the active calculation data acquisition sub-module is used for acquiring the active voltage sensitivity, the active state and the compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
the active state data calculation sub-module is used for calculating the sum of active reduction of the photovoltaic inverter in a state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of the residual capacity of each photovoltaic inverter in a residual capacity state;
the active coordination control submodule is used for coordinating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter in the residual capacity state according to the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter until the output can be reduced until the active reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met, and realizing the voltage grading treatment of the grid-connected point.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the distributed photovoltaic grid-tie voltage out-of-band comprehensive abatement method as described in the first aspect.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The control means can be flexibly selected according to the voltage out-of-limit degree, the problem that the total user voltage in the distribution area cannot be comprehensively controlled by a single measure is solved, and the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit comprehensive control of the distribution area is realized.
(2) The method has the advantages that the distribution network line and the newly added treatment equipment are not required to be modified, the voltage quality of the transformer area can be effectively improved, and the method has the characteristics of low cost and strong popularization.
(3) The line loss caused by adding the management device can be reduced, and the power factor management of the station area is considered.
In addition, the invention has reliable design principle, simple structure and very wide application prospect.
It can be seen that the present invention has outstanding substantial features and significant advances over the prior art, as well as its practical advantages.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of reactive power regulation in a method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The distributed photovoltaic inverter has certain idle capacity and certain reactive power supporting capacity, and grid-connected point voltage regulation can be realized through increasing reactive power. The influence of the photovoltaic reactive power change on the voltage of the grid-connected point is as follows: deltaU 1 ＝ΔQ PV X/U poc Wherein DeltaU 1 Delta Q for voltage drop of grid-connected point caused by reactive power output increase PV For grid-connected photovoltaic reactive power increment, X is the sum of line reactance and transformer reactance.
Limiting the idle capacity of the inverter to ensure that the total used capacity does not exceed the total capacity, S p 2 +S t 2 ≤S 2 Wherein S is p Active capacity occupation for grid connection of photovoltaic equipment S t Is the idle capacity of the inverter.
If the idle capacity of each distributed photovoltaic inverter is used up, the voltage out-of-limit treatment of the grid-connected point still cannot be met, the active power of the photovoltaic output can be properly reduced, and more capacity is released for the voltage out-of-limit treatment.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit comprehensive treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring historical data of a transformer gateway of a power distribution station; the data comprise, but are not limited to, night time zone distribution transformer gateway data (including, but not limited to, voltage, current, active, reactive, power factor and the like);
step 2: judging whether the gate voltage is higher than a set value; the set point here is 230V;
if yes, executing the step 3; if not, executing the step 4;
step 3: gear adjustment is carried out on the distribution transformer until the gate voltage meets a voltage threshold; executing the step 4; the voltage threshold here is 220V;
step 4: judging whether the user voltage in the low-voltage transformer area meets the requirement of the power supply voltage;
If yes, ending, otherwise, executing the step 5;
step 5: reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter is carried out;
step 6: judging whether the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit or not after reactive voltage regulation is finished;
if yes, executing the step 7; if not, ending;
step 7: according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter, calculating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter for voltage treatment and reduction, and testing the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
in the step, according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter and the capacity data of the distributed photovoltaic inverter, calculating the active power value of each distributed photovoltaic for voltage treatment reduction, and testing the voltage change sensitivity of the grid-connected point corresponding to the reduction of the active power of each inverter. The sensitivity of the active voltage of the grid-connected point is K2 i ＝ΔU R /ΔP R Wherein DeltaU R Grid-connected point voltage variation, delta P R And i represents each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the distribution transformer area.
Step 8: calculating the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter;
step 9: and carrying out active reduction on each photovoltaic inverter by coordinated control until the active reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met.
Firstly, shifting the distribution transformer, if the voltage is still out of limit, adjusting reactive power adjustment of the distributed photovoltaic inverter, and then performing power factor compensation by using a capacitor; if the problem of out-of-limit cannot be solved, adjusting the active power of the distributed photovoltaic inverter; the change amplitude of the voltage at the grid-connected point is tested by adjusting reactive power and active power output by each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the transformer area, so as to test the voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point; and determining reactive power and active power output of each distributed photovoltaic inverter according to the voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter, so as to realize voltage regulation of the grid-connected point.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the step of performing reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter includes:
step 51: acquiring real-time operation data of a power distribution area and real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter;
acquiring real-time operation data of a distribution transformer area and real-time operation data of each distributed photovoltaic inverter, wherein the real-time operation data of each distributed photovoltaic inverter comprises: inverter voltage V, inverter active power output P, inverter capacity S, and inverter grid-tie point power factor
Step 52: calculating the maximum reactive power which can be provided by each photovoltaic inverter according to the real-time operation data and capacity information of each photovoltaic inverter, and testing the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point by adjusting the reactive power output of the photovoltaic inverter;
In the step, the maximum reactive power Qmax provided by each distributed photovoltaic inverter is calculated according to the real-time operation data and capacity information of each distributed photovoltaic inverter, and the calculation mode of the maximum reactive power Qmax is as follows: qmax= (S 2 －P 2 ) 1/2 . And then reactive voltage sensitivity of grid-connected points of each distributed inverter is tested by adjusting reactive power of the inverter. Reactive voltage sensitivity of grid-connected point is K1 i ＝ΔU C /ΔQ C Wherein DeltaU C Grid-connected point voltage variation, delta Q C And (3) representing reactive power adjustment quantity of the photovoltaic inverter, wherein i represents each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the distribution transformer area.
Step 53: determining the reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter according to the out-of-limit condition of the grid-connected voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
step 54: according to the reactive state and the compensation quantity, coordinating each photovoltaic inverter to continue to generate reactive power until the reactive power output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met;
the reactive power state, reactive voltage sensitivity and compensation quantity of each distributed photovoltaic inverter are coordinated, and the distributed photovoltaic inverter with residual capacity and high voltage sensitivity continuously generates reactive power, so that voltage grading treatment is realized. The specific implementation steps are as follows: judging whether the grid-connected point voltage U of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the voltage upper limit U_hi, namely judging that U is larger than U_hi;
If the voltage upper limit is exceeded, calculating a difference value delta U between the grid-connected point voltage and the voltage upper limit of each photovoltaic inverter, namely delta U=U-U_hi, and calculating an inductive reactive power Q required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage V of the distributed photovoltaic inverter to the voltage upper limit U_hi by using the reactive voltage sensitivity and the sagging coefficient of the power grid 0 ＝K1 i * c1×Δu, wherein c1 represents a reactive voltage droop coefficient;
reactive power Q of the inductance 0 Comparing with the maximum reactive power Qmax provided by the distributed photovoltaic inverter;
if said inductive reactive power Q 0 If the power is larger, the distributed photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented, and the inductive reactive power Q 0 As a still required reactive Q, the difference from the maximum reactive Qmax that can be provided by the distributed photovoltaic inverter 1 I.e. Q 1 ＝Q 0 Qmax, the reactive power still required Q 1 The compensation quantity of the distributed photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented;
if said inductive reactive power Q 0 If the voltage is smaller, the distributed photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and the maximum reactive power Qmax which can be provided by the distributed photovoltaic inverter is calculatedA smaller value between and the inductanceReactive Q 0 The difference value as the residual capacity Q 2 I.e. Q 2 ＝Qmax－Q 0 The residual capacity is the compensation quantity of the distributed photovoltaic inverter with the residual capacity state.
Obtaining reactive voltage sensitivity C1 of each distributed photovoltaic inverter i Reactive state and compensation amount. And calculating the sum of reactive powers of the distributed photovoltaic inverters in the state to be supplemented, and calculating the sum of residual capacities of the distributed photovoltaic inverters in the state of residual capacity. According to voltage reactive sensitivity C1 of grid-connected points of each distributed photovoltaic inverter i And the reactive output of each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the residual capacity state is coordinated, so that voltage grading treatment of grid-connected points is realized.
Step 55: and according to the real-time operation data of the power distribution transformer area, the reactive compensation equipment of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time. The power factor of the outlet side of the distribution area is monitored in real time; and the reactive compensation equipment for the capacitor at the head end of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time, so that the power factor is ensured to be within a set range.
In some embodiments, the step of calculating the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter comprises:
judging grid-connected point voltage U of each distributed photovoltaic inverter 1 Whether or not the upper voltage limit U is exceeded 1 Hi, i.e. judging U 1 >U 1 _hi；
If the voltage upper limit is exceeded, calculating a difference delta U between the grid-connected point voltage and the voltage upper limit of each distributed photovoltaic inverter 1 I.e. DeltaU 1 ＝U 1 －U 1 Hi, and calculating the grid-connected point voltage U of the distributed photovoltaic inverter by using the sensitivity of the active voltage and the sagging coefficient 1 Adjusted to the upper voltage limit U 1 Active reduction amount P required for hi 0 ＝K2 i * c2×Δu1, where c2 represents an active voltage droop coefficient;
reducing the active power by an amount P 0 And the maximum active power cutability provided by the distributed photovoltaic inverterThe decrement reactive Pmax is compared; if the active reduction amount P 0 If the power is larger, the distributed photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented, and the reduction active P is carried out 0 The difference value from the maximum reducible active Pmax provided by the distributed photovoltaic inverter is used as the still-needed active reduction amount P 1 I.e. P 1 ＝P 0 Pmax, the still required active P 1 The compensation quantity of the distributed photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented;
if the active reduction amount P 0 If the power is smaller, the distributed photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and the maximum reduction active PmaxP and the active reduction amount P which can be provided by the distributed photovoltaic inverter are carried out 0 The difference value as the residual capacity P 2 I.e. P 2 ＝Pmax－P 0 The residual capacity is the compensation quantity of the distributed photovoltaic inverter with the residual capacity state.
In some embodiments, the step of coordinating the control of each photovoltaic inverter to perform active clipping until the amount of active clipping required for grid-tie voltage out-of-limit remediation is met comprises:
acquiring active voltage sensitivity C2 of each distributed photovoltaic inverter i Active state and compensation amount. And calculating the sum of the active power reduction of each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented, and calculating the sum of the residual capacity of each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the state with the residual reduced capacity. Active sensitivity C2 according to voltage of grid-connected point of each distributed photovoltaic inverter i And the active power of each distributed photovoltaic inverter in the state of the residual capacity is coordinated, the output can be reduced, and the voltage grading treatment of the grid-connected point is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the technical scheme of the invention provides a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit comprehensive treatment device, which comprises a treatment pretreatment module, a reactive power regulation module, a reactive power treatment result judgment module and an active power regulation module;
the treatment pretreatment module is used for acquiring the historical data of the gateway of the transformer in the distribution area and adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer based on the acquired historical data until the voltage threshold is met;
the reactive power regulation module is used for carrying out reactive power regulation on the photovoltaic inverter when the user voltage in the distribution area does not meet the requirement of the power supply voltage;
The reactive power control result judging module is used for judging whether the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit after the voltage regulation of the reactive power regulating module is finished; if yes, triggering an active adjusting module;
the active power adjusting module comprises an active power data calculating unit, an active power reduction confirming unit and an active power coordination control unit;
the active data calculation unit is used for calculating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter for voltage treatment and reduction according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter and testing the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
the active reduction confirmation unit is used for confirming the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter;
the active coordination control unit is used for coordinating and controlling each photovoltaic inverter to perform active reduction until the active reduction amount required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met.
In some embodiments, the governance pretreatment module includes a data acquisition unit, a first determination unit, a gear adjustment unit, and a second determination unit;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the historical data of the transformer gateway of the distribution area; wherein the data includes voltage, current, active, reactive, power factor;
The first judging unit is used for judging whether the gate voltage is higher than a set value;
the gear adjusting unit is used for adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer when the gate voltage is higher than a set value until the gate voltage meets a voltage threshold;
and the second judging unit is used for judging whether the user voltage in the low-voltage transformer area meets the requirement of the power supply voltage when the gateway voltage is not higher than the set value.
In some embodiments, the reactive power adjustment module includes a data acquisition unit, a reactive power data calculation unit, a reactive power compensation determination unit, a reactive power coordination unit, and a reactive power compensation control unit;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring real-time operation data of the distribution transformer area and real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive data calculation unit is used for calculating the maximum reactive power which can be provided by each photovoltaic inverter according to the real-time operation data and capacity information of each photovoltaic inverter, and testing the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point by adjusting the reactive output of the photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive compensation determining unit is used for determining the reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter according to the out-of-limit condition of the grid-connected voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
The reactive coordination unit is used for coordinating each photovoltaic inverter to continue generating reactive power according to the reactive state and the compensation quantity until the reactive power output required by the out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met;
and the reactive compensation control unit is used for cooperatively controlling reactive compensation equipment of the distribution transformer substation to compensate the power factor of the transformer substation in real time according to the real-time operation data of the distribution transformer substation.
In some embodiments, the reactive compensation determining unit includes a first voltage judging sub-module, an inductive reactive power calculation sub-module, a first comparison sub-module, and a reactive compensation calculation sub-module;
the first voltage judging sub-module is used for judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
the inductive reactive power calculation sub-module is used for calculating the difference value between the grid-connected point voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the upper voltage limit if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, and calculating inductive reactive power required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the upper voltage limit by utilizing reactive voltage sensitivity and sagging coefficient;
the first comparison submodule is used for comparing the inductive reactive power with the maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive compensation calculation operator module is used for judging that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented if the inductive reactive power is larger than the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter, and taking the difference value of the inductive reactive power and the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the reactive power required, wherein the reactive power required is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented; if the inductive reactive power is smaller than the maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the confirmed reactive power and the inductive reactive power as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity; wherein the confirmed reactive is a smaller value between the maximum reactive that the photovoltaic inverter can provide and the reactive power factor adjusted to just meet the required reactive power required for the required inductive reactive.
In some embodiments, the reactive coordination unit includes a reactive calculation data acquisition sub-module, a reactive state data calculation sub-module, and a reactive coordination control sub-module;
the reactive calculation data acquisition sub-module is used for acquiring reactive voltage sensitivity, reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
the reactive state data calculation sub-module is used for calculating the reactive sum of all the photovoltaic inverters in the state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of the residual capacities of all the photovoltaic inverters with the residual capacities;
and the reactive power coordination control sub-module is used for coordinating reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter in a residual capacity state according to reactive voltage sensitivity of grid-connected points of each photovoltaic inverter until reactive power output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met.
In some embodiments, the reactive compensation control unit is specifically configured to monitor the power factor of the outlet side of the distribution transformer substation in real time; and the reactive compensation equipment for the capacitor at the head end of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time, so that the power factor is ensured to be within a set range.
In some embodiments, the active reduction confirmation unit includes a second voltage determination sub-module, an active reduction calculation sub-module, a second comparison sub-module, and an active compensation calculation sub-module;
The second voltage judging sub-module is used for judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
the active power reduction calculation sub-module is used for calculating the difference value between the grid-connected point voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the upper voltage limit if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, and calculating the active power reduction amount required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the upper voltage limit by utilizing the sensitivity of the active voltage and the sagging coefficient;
a second comparison sub-module for comparing the active reduction amount with a maximum active reducible amount that can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
the active compensation calculation operator module is used for judging that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented if the active reduction amount is larger than the maximum active reducible amount provided by the photovoltaic inverter, and taking the difference value between the active reduction amount and the maximum reducible active amount provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the still-needed active reduction amount, wherein the still-needed active amount is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented; if the active reduction amount is smaller than the maximum active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the maximum active reduction amount and the active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity.
In some embodiments, the active coordination control unit includes an active calculation data acquisition sub-module, an active state data calculation sub-module, and an active coordination control sub-module;
the active calculation data acquisition sub-module is used for acquiring the active voltage sensitivity, the active state and the compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
the active state data calculation sub-module is used for calculating the sum of active reduction of the photovoltaic inverter in a state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of the residual capacity of each photovoltaic inverter in a residual capacity state;
the active coordination control submodule is used for coordinating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter in the residual capacity state according to the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter until the output can be reduced until the active reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met, and realizing the voltage grading treatment of the grid-connected point.
The embodiment of the invention also provides electronic equipment, which comprises: the device comprises a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory are in communication with each other through the communication bus. The communication bus may be used for information transfer between the electronic device and the sensor. The processor may call logic instructions in memory to perform the following method: step 1: acquiring historical data of a transformer gateway of a power distribution station; step 2: judging whether the gate voltage is higher than a set value; if yes, executing the step 3; if not, executing the step 4; step 3: gear adjustment is carried out on the distribution transformer until the gate voltage meets a voltage threshold; executing the step 4; step 4: judging whether the user voltage in the low-voltage transformer area meets the requirement of the power supply voltage; if yes, ending, otherwise, executing the step 5; step 5: reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter is carried out; step 6: judging whether the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit or not after reactive voltage regulation is finished; if yes, executing the step 7; if not, ending; step 7: according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter, calculating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter for voltage treatment and reduction, and testing the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point; step 8: calculating the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter; step 9: and carrying out active reduction on each photovoltaic inverter by coordinated control until the active reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications and substitutions may be made in the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and substitutions be within the scope of the present invention/be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive treatment method for out-of-limit voltage of a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring historical data of a transformer gateway of a distribution transformer area, and adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer based on the acquired historical data until a voltage threshold is met;
when the user voltage in the distribution transformer area does not meet the requirement of the power supply voltage, reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter is carried out;
after reactive voltage regulation is finished, if the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit, calculating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter for voltage treatment and reduction according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter, and testing the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
calculating the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter;
and carrying out active reduction on each photovoltaic inverter by coordinated control until the active reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the steps of obtaining historical data of a transformer gate of a distribution block and adjusting a gear of the distribution transformer based on the obtained historical data until a voltage threshold is met comprise:
Acquiring historical data of a transformer gateway of a power distribution station; wherein the data includes voltage, current, active, reactive, power factor;
judging whether the gate voltage is higher than a set value;
if yes, gear adjustment is carried out on the distribution transformer until the gate voltage meets the voltage threshold;
if not, judging whether the user voltage in the low-voltage transformer area meets the requirement of the power supply voltage;
if yes, ending, otherwise, executing the steps of: and performing reactive voltage regulation on the photovoltaic inverter.
3. The method for comprehensive control of out-of-limit voltage of a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing reactive voltage regulation of the photovoltaic inverter comprises:
acquiring real-time operation data of a power distribution area and real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter;
calculating the maximum reactive power which can be provided by each photovoltaic inverter according to the real-time operation data and capacity information of each photovoltaic inverter, and testing the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point by adjusting the reactive power output of the photovoltaic inverter;
determining the reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter according to the out-of-limit condition of the grid-connected voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
according to the reactive state and the compensation quantity, coordinating each photovoltaic inverter to continue to generate reactive power until the reactive power output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met;
And according to the real-time operation data of the power distribution transformer area, the reactive compensation equipment of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time.
4. The method for comprehensive control of grid-connected voltage of distributed photovoltaic according to claim 3, wherein the step of determining the reactive state and compensation amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the reactive voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter comprises:
judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, calculating the difference value between the grid-connected point voltage and the voltage upper limit of each photovoltaic inverter, and calculating inductive reactive power required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the voltage upper limit by utilizing reactive voltage sensitivity and sagging coefficient;
comparing the inductive reactive power with a maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
if the inductive reactive power is larger than the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter, judging that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented, and taking the difference value of the inductive reactive power and the maximum reactive power provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the reactive power required, wherein the reactive power required is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented;
If the inductive reactive power is smaller than the maximum reactive power which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the confirmed reactive power and the inductive reactive power as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation quantity of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity; wherein the confirmed reactive is a smaller value between the maximum reactive that the photovoltaic inverter can provide and the reactive power factor adjusted to just meet the required reactive power required for the required inductive reactive.
5. The method for comprehensive control of out-of-limit voltage across a distributed photovoltaic grid according to claim 4, wherein the step of coordinating each photovoltaic inverter to continue reactive power until reactive power output required by out-of-limit across all grid points is satisfied according to reactive power state and compensation amount comprises:
acquiring reactive voltage sensitivity, reactive state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
calculating the sum of reactive powers of all the photovoltaic inverters in the state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of residual capacities of all the photovoltaic inverters with residual capacities;
and (3) coordinating reactive output of each photovoltaic inverter in a residual capacity state according to reactive voltage sensitivity of grid-connected points of each photovoltaic inverter until reactive output required by out-of-limit treatment of all grid-connected points is met.
6. The method for comprehensive control of grid-connected voltage out-of-limit of distributed photovoltaic system according to claim 3, wherein the step of coordinating the reactive power compensation equipment of the distribution area to compensate the power factor of the distribution area in real time according to the real-time operation data of the distribution area comprises the following steps:
monitoring the power factor of the outlet side of the distribution transformer area in real time;
and the reactive compensation equipment for the capacitor at the head end of the power distribution transformer area is coordinated and controlled to compensate the power factor of the transformer area in real time, so that the power factor is ensured to be within a set range.
7. The method for comprehensive control of grid-connected voltage of distributed photovoltaic according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter comprises:
judging whether the voltage of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter exceeds the upper voltage limit;
if the voltage upper limit is exceeded, calculating a difference value between the grid-connected point voltage of each photovoltaic inverter and the voltage upper limit, and calculating an active reduction amount required for adjusting the grid-connected point voltage of the photovoltaic inverter to the voltage upper limit by utilizing the active voltage sensitivity and the sagging coefficient;
comparing the active cut amount with a maximum active cut amount that can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter;
If the active reduction amount is larger than the maximum active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state to be supplemented, and taking the difference between the active reduction amount and the maximum reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the still-needed active reduction amount, wherein the still-needed active is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented;
if the active reduction amount is smaller than the maximum active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter, determining that the photovoltaic inverter is in a state with residual capacity, and taking the difference value between the maximum active reduction amount and the active reduction amount which can be provided by the photovoltaic inverter as the residual capacity, wherein the residual capacity is the compensation amount of the photovoltaic inverter in the state with residual capacity.
8. The method for comprehensive control of grid-connected voltage out-of-grid according to claim 7, wherein the step of cooperatively controlling each photovoltaic inverter to perform active reduction until the amount of active reduction required for grid-connected voltage out-of-grid control is satisfied comprises:
acquiring active voltage sensitivity, active state and compensation quantity of each photovoltaic inverter;
calculating the sum of the active reduction of the photovoltaic inverter in the state to be supplemented and calculating the sum of the residual capacity of each photovoltaic inverter in the state with the residual capacity;
And according to the active voltage sensitivity coordination residual capacity state of the grid-connected points of each photovoltaic inverter, the active power of each photovoltaic inverter can be cut down until the active power reduction quantity required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met, so that the grid-connected point voltage grading treatment is realized.
9. The distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage out-of-limit comprehensive treatment device is characterized by comprising a treatment pretreatment module, a reactive power regulation module, a reactive power treatment result judgment module and an active power regulation module;
the treatment pretreatment module is used for acquiring the historical data of the gateway of the transformer in the distribution area and adjusting the gear of the distribution transformer based on the acquired historical data until the voltage threshold is met;
the reactive power regulation module is used for carrying out reactive power regulation on the photovoltaic inverter when the user voltage in the distribution area does not meet the requirement of the power supply voltage;
the reactive power control result judging module is used for judging whether the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected voltage is out of limit after the voltage regulation of the reactive power regulating module is finished; if yes, triggering an active adjusting module;
the active power adjusting module comprises an active power data calculating unit, an active power reduction confirming unit and an active power coordination control unit;
the active data calculation unit is used for calculating the active power of each photovoltaic inverter for voltage treatment and reduction according to the real-time operation data of each photovoltaic inverter and testing the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point;
The active reduction confirmation unit is used for confirming the active state and the active reduction amount of each photovoltaic inverter according to the grid-connected voltage out-of-limit condition and the active voltage sensitivity of the grid-connected point of each photovoltaic inverter;
the active coordination control unit is used for coordinating and controlling each photovoltaic inverter to perform active reduction until the active reduction amount required by grid-connected voltage out-of-limit treatment is met.
10. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; the memory stores computer program instructions executable by at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the distributed photovoltaic grid-tie voltage out-of-limit comprehensive abatement method of any of claims 1 to 8.
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