CN117645720A - Transparent copolyamide material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Transparent copolyamide material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117645720A CN117645720A CN202311582885.6A CN202311582885A CN117645720A CN 117645720 A CN117645720 A CN 117645720A CN 202311582885 A CN202311582885 A CN 202311582885A CN 117645720 A CN117645720 A CN 117645720A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 94
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical group FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCC(N)C1 GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1CCCC(CN)C1 QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- CHTHALBTIRVDBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)O1 CHTHALBTIRVDBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 17
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- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 5
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 aliphatic diamine Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOTDFEIYNHTJHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=COC(C(O)=O)=C1 JOTDFEIYNHTJHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SYLAFCZSYRXBJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-3,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=COC=C1C(O)=O SYLAFCZSYRXBJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUOSQNAUYHMCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-Aminoundecanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GUOSQNAUYHMCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methyl]-2-methylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)C(C)CC1CC1CC(C)C(N)CC1 IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transparent copolyamide material and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that structures containing six-membered alicyclic rings, furan rings, benzene rings and the like are innovatively introduced, after copolyamide molecules are embedded, the crystallization capacity is reduced, the crystallinity is reduced, the transparency and mechanical strength of the prepared copolyamide are higher, and the transparent copolyamide macromolecular main chain also comprises a flexible chain part, such as a copolymerization structure obtained by aliphatic nylon salt, so that the effect of adjusting the viscous flow temperature and the fluidity of the transparent copolyamide can be achieved, and the production cost can be reduced by adopting the aliphatic nylon salt copolymerization component, thereby being beneficial to the industrialization of the transparent copolyamide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyamide materials and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a transparent copolyamide and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyamide (PA) is one of important engineering plastics, and Polyamide has excellent toughness, heat resistance, cold resistance and wear resistance, and has the characteristics of no toxicity, easy dyeing and easy molding, and is widely applied to the fields of textile, automobile, electronic, electric appliance, aviation, aerospace and other material manufacturing. However, since the polyamide has a regular molecular chain arrangement, the transparency is not high, and it is difficult to exert the effect in some fields where the transparency of materials is required to be high.
In order to produce a polyamide resin with high transparency, thereby expanding the range of applications of the polyamide resin, researchers have generally changed the regularity of the molecular chain structure of the polyamide resin to deteriorate its crystallization ability. However, such a means for destroying the crystallization ability of the polyamide resin may improve the transparency of the polyamide resin, but may result in deterioration of the mechanical properties and other properties of the polyamide resin. Patent CN103073717a discloses a semi-aromatic transparent polyamide prepared from terephthalic acid, 2, 4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 11-aminoundecanoic acid, a nucleating agent and deionized water as raw materials, and a diamine containing multiple side groups is used to break the regularity of a molecular chain structure, so that a relatively transparent polyamide resin is obtained, but the nylon transmittance of the polyamide resin is not high and the mechanical properties are affected. In patent EP2324672, transparent polyamides were also synthesized starting from 4,4 '-diamino-3, 3' -dimethyl-dicyclohexylmethane, a mixture of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid (95:5 mol) and laurolactam. However, the monomer types are few in the synthesis process, and the higher-cost double-alicyclic structure monomer is introduced, so that the fluidity of the resin is reduced, and the processability is reduced.
In view of the above, the invention provides a transparent copolyamide material with excellent mechanical properties and good fluidity and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a transparent copolyamide material and a preparation method thereof, so that a polyamide product has excellent mechanical properties and good fluidity on the premise of keeping high transparency (light transmittance is as high as 96%).
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the present invention provides a transparent copolyamide material having a chemical structure represented by formula (1):
in the formula (1), a is an integer of 4 to 12, preferably 4, 8, 10, and more preferably 4; b is an integer of 6 to 12, preferably 6, 10, 12, more preferably 10; c is an integer of 4 to 12, preferably 4, 8, 10; further preferably 8.
R 1 Is thatOne or a combination of two or more of them.
R of the invention 1 The structure contains furan rings, the aromaticity is weaker than that of benzene rings, the bond angle is small, the rigidity is strong, the steric hindrance effect of the furan rings is relatively large, oxygen atoms on the rings can serve as hydrogen bond acceptors and easily form intramolecular hydrogen bonds with hydrogen atoms on amide bonds, so that the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds is inhibited, intermolecular acting force is weakened, after copolyamide molecules are embedded, molecules and molecules are difficult to crystallize, the crystallization capability of the copolyamide is reduced, and the copolyamide material is endowed with high transparency; meanwhile, a proper amount of furan rings can endow the molecular chains with good rigidity, so that excellent mechanical properties are brought to the polymer.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the copolyamide material is prepared,
the weight percentage of the nylon salt corresponding to the three copolymerization components is (60-90)% (5-20)%).
The second aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of the transparent copolyamide material, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Salifying meta-xylylenediamine and aliphatic dibasic acid in water to obtain a copolymerization component A;
(2) 1, 3-cyclohexanedimethanamine and R 1 Salifying the dibasic acid with a structure in water to obtain a copolymerization component B;
(3) And mixing the copolymerization component A, the copolymerization component B, the aliphatic nylon salt, the auxiliary agent and deionized water, and carrying out polymerization reaction to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the copolymerization component A is produced by salifying m-xylylenediamine with an aliphatic dibasic acid in water, wherein the molar ratio of m-xylylenediamine to aliphatic dibasic acid is (1.05-1): 1, preferably (1.02 to 1): 1.
the copolymerization component B is prepared from 1, 3-cyclohexanedimethylamine and R 1 The dibasic acid with structure is prepared by reaction of 1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and R 1 The mole ratio of the dibasic acid of the structure is (1.05-1): 1, preferably (1.02 to 1): 1.
in the invention, the aliphatic nylon salt is prepared from aliphatic dibasic acid and aliphatic diamine, wherein the mol ratio of the aliphatic dibasic acid to the aliphatic diamine is (1.05-1): 1, preferably (1.02 to 1): 1.
when said R is 1 Is thatWhen structured, have R 1 The dibasic acid of the structure is 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid;
when said R is 1 Is thatWhen structured, have R 1 The dibasic acid of the structure is 2, 4-furandicarboxylic acid;
when said R is 1 Is thatWhen structured, have R 1 The structural diacid is 3, 4-furandicarboxylic acid.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the transparent copolyamide material is prepared by copolymerizing a component A, a component B and an aliphatic nylon salt, wherein the copolymerized component A has a salt with a structure as shown in formula (2); a salt having a structure represented by formula (3); the aliphatic nylon salt has a structure as shown in formula (4).
Wherein a is an integer of 4 to 12, preferably 4, 8, 10, more preferably 4; b is an integer of 6 to 12, preferably 6, 9, 10, more preferably 10; c is an integer of 4 to 12, preferably 4, 8, 10; further preferably 8.
In the present invention, the weight of the copolymer component A is 60 to 90%, preferably 70 to 90%, more preferably 70 to 85% of the weight of the copolymer nylon.
In the present invention, the weight of the copolymerization component B is 5 to 20%, preferably 8 to 18%, more preferably 10 to 15% of the weight of the copolymerized nylon.
In the invention, the sum of the weight ratio of the copolymerization component A to the copolymerization component B to the aliphatic nylon salt is 100%.
In the invention, the conditions of the salification reaction in the step (1) and the step (2) are as follows: the reaction is carried out under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere and stirring, the reaction temperature is 70-100 ℃, the reaction time is 1-2 h, and the pH value of the reaction system reaches 7.3-7.5 when the reaction is finished.
In the present invention, in the step (3), the specific operation process of the polymerization reaction is as follows: replacing air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen for 3-6 times, heating to 180-220 ℃, and keeping the pressure in the kettle at 1.5-3.5 MPa; continuously heating to 230-280 ℃, maintaining the pressure in the kettle at 1.8-2.5 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-6 h, discharging air to normal pressure, discharging water in the system, gradually vacuumizing to reduce the pressure of the system to-0.03-0.09 MPa, and reducing the pressure for 1-3 h to complete the polymerization reaction. And then introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Preferably, in the step (3), the auxiliary agent is sodium hypophosphite, and the mass of the auxiliary agent is 0.1-0.3 wt% of the total mass of the component A, the component B and the aliphatic nylon salt; the mass of the deionized water in the step (3) is 1-5 wt% of the total mass of the component A, the component B and the aliphatic nylon salt.
In the invention, the different proportions of the copolymer component A, the copolymer component B and the aliphatic nylon salt have important influence on the comprehensive performance of nylon, wherein the component A is used as a main component of the terpolymer, so that the high benzene ring density on a macromolecular main chain of the terpolymer is ensured, the obtained terpolymer has excellent mechanical properties, and the component B enables the terpolymer nylon to have excellent mechanical properties, optical properties and the like; the aliphatic nylon salt mainly plays roles of regulating the flowability of the terpolymer and reducing the cost. The mechanical, optical and processing properties of the material are regulated and controlled by changing the dosages of the three components.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
(1) The invention provides a transparent copolyamide with a novel structure, which is prepared by copolymerizing a plurality of monomers with different structures, and endows a product with multifunction. And the structure and the performance of the copolyamide can be regulated and controlled by changing the amount of each comonomer component. The transparent copolyamide disclosed by the invention is innovative, simultaneously introduces structures containing six-membered alicyclic rings, furan rings, benzene rings and the like, and after being embedded into copolyamide molecules, the crystallization capability of the copolyamide is reduced, the crystallinity is reduced, and the prepared copolyamide is higher in transparency and mechanical strength. The transparent copolyamide macromolecular main chain also comprises a flexible chain part, such as a copolymerization structure obtained by aliphatic nylon salt, so that the transparent copolyamide macromolecular main chain has the function of adjusting the viscous flow temperature and the fluidity of the transparent copolyamide, and the aliphatic nylon salt copolymerization component is adopted to reduce the production cost, thereby being beneficial to the industrialization of the transparent copolyamide;
(2) The multifunctional transparent copolyamide material provided by the invention has higher transparency, can reach 96% of visible light transmittance, has good mechanical property and fluidity, can meet the use requirements of a plurality of products, expands the application field, and can be applied to the fields of automobile industry, electric mechanical parts, precise optical instruments, aerospace, packaging films and the like;
(3) The preparation method of the transparent copolyamide material has the advantages of simple preparation steps, simple whole reaction process, easy operation and high production efficiency, and is beneficial to industrial production; the whole process of the invention only uses water as solvent, does not use organic solvent, not only reduces the production cost, but also accords with the environment-friendly concept.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to preferred embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The methods, reagents and materials used in the examples are those conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated. The starting compounds in the examples are all commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In the invention, the performance of the materials prepared in each example is determined by the following method:
(1) Method for measuring relative viscosity: referring to GB/T12006.1-2009, 96% concentrated sulfuric acid is used as a solvent, and the temperature is 25+/-0.01 ℃.
(2) Method for measuring glass transition temperature Tg: with reference to GB/T19466.3-2004, samples were tested using a DSC analyzer and the glass transition temperature Tg was determined from the DSC curve of the second rise.
(3) Tensile strength: measured with reference to GB/T1040.2-2022.
(4) Flexural strength: reference GB/T9341-2008.
(5) Transmittance: the measurement was carried out by referring to GB/T2410-2008, and the measurement temperature was 23℃by a spectrophotometry.
(6) Melt index: reference GB/T3682-2000.
Example 1
A transparent copolyamide material is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 9kg, 0.5kg and 0.5kg of component A, 0.5kg of component B and 0.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 2
A transparent copolyamide material is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 8kg, 1kg and 1kg of component A, 1kg of component B and nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating the reaction temperature to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa in the heating process, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to the vacuum degree of-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, then introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 3
A transparent copolyamide material is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 8kg, 1.5kg and 0.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 0.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 4
A transparent copolyamide material is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 8kg, 0.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, component B and nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, starting heating, heating the reaction temperature to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 5
A transparent copolyamide material is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 6
A transparent copolyamide material is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 2kg and 1kg of component A, 2kg of component B and 1kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating the reaction temperature to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa in the heating process, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging the gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to the vacuum degree of-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, then introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 7
A transparent copolyamide material is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 4-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 8
Adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 3, 4-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 9
A transparent copolyamide is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 6kg, 2kg and 2kg of component A, 2kg of component B and nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating the reaction temperature to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa in the heating process, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to the vacuum degree of-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, then introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 10
A transparent copolyamide is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and sebacic acid with a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 11
A transparent copolyamide is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and dodecanedioic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 12
A transparent copolyamide is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 66 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, starting heating, heating the reaction temperature to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa in the heating process, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging the gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to drop to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Example 13
A transparent copolyamide is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of component A, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 1212 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
Comparative example 1
The copolyamide material of the comparative example is prepared by the following preparation method:
adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
and (3) respectively adding 7kg of component A and 3kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating the reaction temperature to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa in the heating process, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly deflating to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to the vacuum degree of-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, then introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensed water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the copolyamide material.
Comparative example 2
Adding m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1.01:1 into a reaction kettle, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a component A;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
and (3) respectively adding 7kg and 3kg of the components A and B into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating the reaction temperature to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa in the heating process, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly deflating to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to the vacuum degree of-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling the melt through a condensed water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the copolyamide material.
Comparative example 3
Adding p-xylylenediamine (PXDA) and adipic acid into a reaction kettle in a molar ratio of 1.01:1, and salifying in water at 80 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain PXD6 salt;
1, 3-cyclohexanediamine and 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid with the molar ratio of 1.01:1 are put into a reaction kettle to form salt in water at the temperature of 80 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain a component B;
putting 7kg, 1.5kg and 1.5kg of PXD6 salt, 1.5kg of component B and 1.5kg of nylon 1010 salt into a high-pressure reaction kettle respectively, adding 15g of sodium hypophosphite and 450g of deionized water, starting stirring, replacing 3 times with nitrogen, heating to 210 ℃ within 1.5h for polymerization reaction, opening an exhaust valve when the reaction pressure exceeds 2.0MPa, discharging steam in the kettle to keep the pressure constant at 2.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3h, slowly discharging gas to enable the pressure in the kettle to be reduced to normal pressure within 1h, continuously vacuumizing to vacuum degree-0.07 MPa, heating to 260 ℃ at the same time, continuously reacting for 2h, introducing nitrogen to normal pressure, discharging, cooling a melt through a condensation water tank, granulating, extracting with boiling water, and drying to obtain the copolyamide material.
Performance test:
the results of the performance tests of the copolyamide materials obtained in examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 comparison table of various performance test results
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with comparative examples 1-3, the transparent copolyamide material prepared by the invention has excellent transparency, good fluidity and mechanical properties, and is a nylon material with excellent comprehensive properties, especially when the weight percentage of the three copolymerization components is 70%:15%:15%, the light transmittance of the polyamide product reaches 96%.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A transparent copolyamide material characterized in that the polyamide material has the structural formula:
in the formula (1), a is an integer of 4-12, b is an integer of 6-12, and c is an integer of 4-12;
R 1 is thatOne or a combination of two or more of them.
2. A transparent copolyamide material according to claim 1, wherein, in the preparation of the copolyamide material,the weight percentage of the nylon salt corresponding to the three copolymerization components is (60-90): 5-20.
3. The transparent copolyamide according to claim 1, wherein in formula (1), a is 4, 8, 10, b is 6, 10, 12, and c is 4, 8, 10.
4. A method for producing a transparent copolyamide material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of: (1) Salifying meta-xylylenediamine and aliphatic dibasic acid in water to obtain a copolymerization component A;
(2) 1, 3-cyclohexanedimethanamine and R 1 Salifying the dibasic acid with a structure in water to obtain a copolymerization component B;
(3) And mixing the component A, the component B, the aliphatic nylon salt, the auxiliary agent and deionized water, and carrying out polymerization reaction to obtain the transparent copolyamide material.
5. The method for producing a transparent copolyamide according to claim 4, wherein in step (1), the molar ratio of m-xylylenediamine to aliphatic dibasic acid is (1.05 to 1): 1, a step of; in step (2), the 1, 3-cyclohexanediamine is reacted with a compound having R 1 The mole ratio of the dibasic acid of the structure is (1.05-1): 1.
6. the process for producing a transparent copolyamide according to claim 5The preparation method is characterized in that in the step (1), the molar ratio of the m-xylylenediamine to the aliphatic dibasic acid is (1.02-1): 1, a step of; in step (2), the 1, 3-cyclohexanediamine is reacted with a compound having R 1 The mole ratio of the dibasic acid of the structure is (1.02-1): 1.
7. the process for producing a transparent copolyamide according to claim 4, wherein in step (1), the
The component A is a salt with a structure shown as a formula (2); in the step (2), the component B is a salt with a structure shown as a formula (3); in the step (3), the aliphatic nylon salt has a structure shown in the formula (4).
8. The method for producing a transparent copolyamide according to claim 4, wherein in step (1) and step (2), the conditions of the salification reaction are: the reaction is carried out under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere and stirring, the reaction temperature is 70-100 ℃, the reaction time is 1-2 h, and the pH value of the reaction system is 7.3-7.5 when the reaction is finished.
9. The method for producing a transparent copolyamide according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the polymerization reaction is carried out by: replacing air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen for 3-6 times, heating to 180-220 ℃, and keeping the pressure in the kettle at 1.5-3.5 MPa; continuously heating to 230-280 ℃, maintaining the pressure in the kettle at 1.8-2.5 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1-6 h, discharging air to normal pressure, discharging water in the system, gradually vacuumizing to reduce the pressure of the system to-0.03-0.09 MPa, and reducing the pressure for 1-3 h to complete the polymerization reaction.
10. The method for preparing transparent copolyamide according to claim 3, wherein in the step (3), the auxiliary agent is sodium hypophosphite, and the mass of the auxiliary agent is 0.1-0.3 wt% of the total mass of the component A, the component B and the aliphatic nylon salt; in the step (3), the mass of the deionized water is 1-5 wt% of the total mass of the component A, the component B and the aliphatic nylon salt.
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