CN117638610A - Continuous green light laser - Google Patents
Continuous green light laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN117638610A CN117638610A CN202311415839.7A CN202311415839A CN117638610A CN 117638610 A CN117638610 A CN 117638610A CN 202311415839 A CN202311415839 A CN 202311415839A CN 117638610 A CN117638610 A CN 117638610A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous green light laser, which comprises a pump light unit and a frequency doubling unit; the pump light unit is of an all-fiber structure and comprises a polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and a primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier, wherein the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator comprises a high-reflectivity optical fiber grating, a first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber, a first Brewster optical fiber grating and a low-reflectivity optical fiber grating which are sequentially connected through optical fibers, a fast axis of the first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber is welded with a slow axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating, a slow axis of the first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber is welded with a fast axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating, and output light of the primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier is multiplied by a frequency multiplication unit to form continuous green light. The continuous green laser can output high-polarization continuous laser light with high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fiber lasers, in particular to a continuous green laser with high polarization degree.
Background
Compared with a near infrared laser source, the green laser is easier to absorb by high-reflection metals such as copper (the absorption of copper to green light is 40% and the absorption of light in a 1 mu m wave band is less than 5%), so that the green laser is very suitable for work such as cutting and welding of high-reflection metal materials, 3D printing and the like, and the metal splashing is less in the cutting and welding process, and the penetration depth is controllable.
The current green laser implementation scheme mainly comprises: semiconductor laser beam combination, disc laser frequency multiplication, solid laser frequency multiplication, optical fiber laser frequency multiplication, and the like. Among them, the semiconductor laser beam combining scheme has the defect of low brightness of the green laser beam formed by beam combination, and some laser applications with high requirements on beam quality, such as: precision cutting, laser pumping, etc. cannot be used. The frequency doubling scheme of the disc laser has the defects of great difficulty in manufacturing the disc of the component disc of the disc laser, low electro-optical efficiency and poor structural stability of a space optical path. The solid laser frequency doubling scheme has the defects of high electro-optic efficiency, obvious thermal effect, high power difficulty, large space structure and poor structural stability.
The fiber laser frequency doubling technology has the characteristics of high output light spot quality, good heat dissipation performance, stable output power and the like, and has wide application prospect. However, the green light output by the fiber laser frequency doubling technology at present has poor polarization degree and low frequency doubling efficiency, and limits the application of the fiber laser frequency doubling technology in the fields of metering detection, light communication, light beam synthesis, electro-optical modulators and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous green laser, so that continuous green light output with high polarization degree can be obtained efficiently.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a continuous green laser including a pump light unit and a frequency doubling unit; the pump light unit is of an all-fiber structure and comprises a polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and a primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier, the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator comprises a high-reflectivity optical fiber grating, a first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber, a first Brewster optical fiber grating and a low-reflectivity optical fiber grating which are sequentially connected through optical fibers, a slow axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating is welded with a fast axis of the first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber, a fast axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating is welded with a slow axis of the first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber, and output light of the primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier is subjected to frequency multiplication through the frequency multiplication unit to form continuous green light.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator further comprises a first pump source for providing pump light for the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator, and the first pump source adopts forward pumping or reverse pumping or bidirectional pumping.
Preferably, the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier comprises a second polarization maintaining gain fiber and a second pump source for providing pump light thereto.
Preferably, the first-stage polarization maintaining fiber amplifier further comprises a second brewster fiber grating, and the second brewster fiber grating is used for improving the polarization degree of the laser output by the first-stage polarization maintaining fiber amplifier.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and the primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier are further provided with a polarization maintaining optical fiber circulator.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and the primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier are further provided with a cladding power stripper.
Preferably, the output end of the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier is further provided with a mode stripper and an output device in sequence.
Preferably, the frequency multiplication unit is of a space light path structure and comprises a frequency multiplication component and a dichroic mirror which are sequentially arranged.
Preferably, the frequency doubling component comprises a fixing seat, a temperature control furnace and a frequency doubling crystal, wherein the frequency doubling crystal is fixed in the temperature control furnace, and the fixing seat is used for supporting the temperature control furnace.
Preferably, the temperature control furnace is rotatably connected with the fixing seat.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the continuous green light laser provided by the invention can efficiently acquire high-polarization degree continuous laser, wherein the pump light unit adopts a high-polarization degree narrow linewidth seed source to combine with a primary main amplification system to realize high-power high-polarization degree narrow linewidth laser output, and the continuous green light laser has the advantages of few amplification stages, simple structure, easiness in industrialization, low cost and the like;
the first Brewster fiber grating in the high-polarization narrow-linewidth seed source can improve the matching degree of a fast axis reflection wavelength peak of the high-reflectivity fiber grating and a slow axis reflection wavelength peak of the low-reflectivity fiber grating, improve the polarization degree of laser output of the polarization-preserving resonant cavity, and realize high polarization extinction ratio and narrow-linewidth laser output;
the second Brewster fiber grating in the primary main amplification system can improve the polarization degree of amplified output laser light;
the frequency multiplication component can change the polarization angle of incident laser entering the frequency multiplication crystal, thereby reducing space light paths such as half wave plates and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pump light unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frequency doubling unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frequency doubling assembly;
fig. 4 is a schematic structure of a brewster fiber grating.
In the figure: 1-a first pump source; 2-a first beam combiner; 3-high reflectivity fiber grating; 4-a first polarization maintaining gain fiber; 5-a first brewster fiber grating; 6-a low reflectivity fiber grating; 7-a polarization maintaining fiber circulator; 8-Cladding Power Stripper (CPS); 9-a second polarization maintaining gain fiber; 10-a second beam combiner; 11-a second pump source; 12-a second brewster fiber grating; 13-a mold stripper; 14-a light output; 15-a collimating lens; 16-a focusing lens; 17-frequency doubling components; 171-fixing base; 172-a temperature control furnace; 173-a frequency doubling crystal; 18-a focusing mirror; 19-dichroic mirror.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a high-polarization continuous green laser, which comprises a pump light unit and a frequency multiplication unit, wherein linear polarization laser output by a high-polarization narrow-linewidth seed source with a wavelength of 1 mu m is amplified by optical fiber laser polarization maintaining, then focused and coupled to a frequency multiplication crystal, and green laser with a wavelength of 0.5 mu m is obtained by frequency multiplication effect. The pump source with high polarization degree, narrow line width and high average power is beneficial to improving the nonlinear coefficient of the nonlinear crystal, wherein in theory, the crystal nonlinear coefficient of polarized laser is twice that of the unpolarized laser. In order to increase the efficiency of frequency-doubled green light, i.e. to increase the second order nonlinearity of nonlinear crystals, it is necessary to achieve a pump source with high polarization, narrow linewidth and high power. In the invention, the pump light unit adopts the seed source with high polarization degree and narrow linewidth to combine with the primary main amplification system, so that the laser output with high power and high polarization degree and narrow linewidth can be realized, and the invention has the advantages of few amplification stages, simple structure, easy industrialization, low cost and the like.
The pump light unit is used for outputting narrow linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser and comprises a polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and a primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier which are connected through optical fibers. In one embodiment, the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator comprises a high-reflectivity fiber grating, a first polarization maintaining gain fiber, a first brewster fiber grating and a low-reflectivity fiber grating which are connected in sequence through optical fibers. The polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator further includes a first pump source for providing pump light thereto, and input light of the first pump source may be coupled into the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator through the first combiner. It should be appreciated that the first pump source may employ forward pumping or reverse pumping or bi-directional pumping; accordingly, the input position of the first pump source on the optical path may be located before the high-reflectivity fiber grating or in the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator or after the low-reflectivity fiber grating.
The fast axis of the first Brewster fiber grating is welded with the slow axis of the first Brewster fiber grating, namely the fast axis of the first Brewster fiber grating is welded with the slow axis of the first polarization maintaining gain fiber, so that the matching degree of the fast axis reflection wavelength peak of the high-reflectivity fiber grating and the slow axis reflection wavelength peak of the low-reflectivity fiber grating is improved, and the high polarization extinction ratio and the narrow linewidth laser output are realized.
In one embodiment, the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier comprises a second polarization maintaining gain fiber and a second pump source for providing pump light for the second polarization maintaining gain fiber, and the input light of the second pump source can be coupled into the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier through a second beam combiner. It should be appreciated that the second pump source may employ forward pumping or reverse pumping or bi-directional pumping; accordingly, the input position of the second pump source on the optical path may be located before or after the second polarization maintaining gain fiber.
In one embodiment, the first stage polarization maintaining fiber amplifier further comprises a second brewster fiber grating, and the second brewster fiber grating is used for improving the polarization degree of the laser output by the first stage polarization maintaining fiber amplifier.
In one embodiment, a polarization maintaining fiber circulator is further arranged between the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier for isolating and monitoring return light. In one embodiment, a cladding power stripper is further provided between the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier for stripping pump laser light from the second polarization maintaining gain fiber that is not completely absorbed and amplifying spontaneous emission laser light. The output end of the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier is further provided with a mode stripper and an output device in sequence, which are respectively used for stripping the cladding laser transmitted forward from the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier and outputting high-power linear polarization laser.
In one embodiment, the frequency doubling unit is a spatial light path structure, and comprises a frequency doubling component and a dichroic mirror which are sequentially arranged along the light path. It should be appreciated that a collimating lens and/or a focusing lens may be provided before the frequency doubling assembly; a collimating lens and/or a focusing lens may be provided between the frequency doubling component and the dichroic mirror. In other embodiments, the frequency doubling unit may also adopt a fiber frequency doubling structure.
The frequency doubling component comprises a fixing seat, a temperature control furnace and a frequency doubling crystal, wherein the frequency doubling crystal is fixed in the temperature control furnace, the fixing seat is used for supporting the temperature control furnace, and the temperature control furnace is rotationally connected with the fixing seat. Rotating the temperature control furnace is equivalent to changing the polarization angle of incident laser entering the frequency doubling crystal, so that space light paths such as half wave plates and the like are reduced.
Examples
In one particular embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, a high polarization continuous green laser includes a pump light unit and a frequency doubling unit. The pump light unit is of an all-fiber structure and comprises a first pump source 1, a second pump source 11, a first beam combiner 2, a high-reflectivity fiber grating 3, a first polarization-maintaining gain fiber 4, a first Brewster fiber grating 5, a low-reflectivity fiber grating 6, a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 7, a cladding power stripper 8, a second polarization-maintaining gain fiber 9, a second beam combiner 10, a second Brewster fiber grating 12, a mode stripper 13 and an output device 14 which are sequentially connected with each other through optical fibers along an optical path, wherein the first pump source 1 is connected with the first beam combiner 2, and the second pump source 11 is connected with the second beam combiner 10; the frequency doubling unit is of a space light path structure and comprises a collimating lens 15, a focusing lens 16, a frequency doubling component 17, a focusing mirror 18 and a dichroic mirror 19 which are sequentially arranged along a light path.
The first pump source 1 is a 30w 976nm lock wavelength pump source for providing pump light.
The first beam combiner 2 is a (1+1) x 1 pump signal beam combiner, wherein the specifications of a signal input fiber and a pump input fiber are respectively 10/125/0.07 multimode fiber without polarization maintaining and 105/125/0.15 multimode fiber without polarization maintaining, and the specifications of an output fiber are 10/125/0.07 without polarization maintaining; the first combiner 2 is used to couple the pump light emitted by the first pump source 1 into an oscillator.
The working center wavelength of the high-reflectivity fiber bragg grating 3 is 1063+/-1 nm, the reflection bandwidth is 0.3nm, the reflectivity is 99%, and the type of the fiber is polarization maintaining 10/125/0.07.
The optical fiber type of the first polarization-maintaining gain optical fiber 4 is a polarization-maintaining 10/125/0.07 ytterbium-doped active optical fiber, the length is about 3m, the first polarization-maintaining gain optical fiber 4 is welded with the fast axis and the slow axis of the high-reflectivity optical fiber grating 3 in an opposite axial manner, and is welded with the fast axis and the slow axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating 5 in a vertical manner, namely the fast axis of the first polarization-maintaining gain optical fiber 4 is welded with the slow axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating 5 in a fusion manner, and the fast axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating 5 is welded with the slow axis of the first polarization-maintaining gain optical fiber 4.
The optical fiber type of the first Brewster fiber grating 5 is polarization maintaining 10/125/0.07, as shown in fig. 4, the period lambda of the grating is 519nm, the included angle theta of the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining optical fiber of the grating region is 45 degrees, the first Brewster fiber grating 5 is used for improving the output laser polarization degree of the polarization maintaining narrow line width oscillator, and the Brewster fiber grating and the low reflection grating are in shaft fusion.
The working center wavelength of the low-reflectivity fiber bragg grating 6 is 1063+/-1 nm, the reflection bandwidth is 0.05nm, the reflectivity is 15%, and the fiber type is polarization maintaining 10/125/0.07; the high-reflectivity fiber bragg grating 3, the first polarization-maintaining gain fiber 4, the first brewster fiber bragg grating 5 and the low-reflectivity fiber bragg grating 6 form a polarization-maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator.
When the first polarization-maintaining gain optical fiber 4 is welded with the first Brewster optical fiber grating 5, stress axes of the two optical fibers are welded perpendicularly to each other, so that the matching degree of a fast axis reflection wavelength peak of the high-reflectivity optical fiber grating 3 and a slow axis reflection wavelength peak of the low-reflectivity optical fiber grating 6 is improved. The linear polarization continuous seed laser with narrow linewidth output by the oscillator can realize the polarization extinction ratio of more than 30dB and the linewidth of less than 0.1nm.
The polarization maintaining fiber circulator 7 is a 20W polarization maintaining fiber circulator, has the specification of polarization maintaining 10/125/0.07 and is used for isolating and monitoring return light. The pump light unit further comprises a detector (not shown) connected to the polarization maintaining fiber circulator 7 for detecting information such as wavelength and/or power of the return light.
The cladding power stripper 8 is a high-power cladding power stripper and is mainly used for stripping back pump laser and Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) laser which are not completely absorbed by the second polarization-maintaining gain fiber 9, and the fiber type is a polarization-maintaining 20/400/0.065 large-mode-field passive fiber.
The fiber type of the second polarization-maintaining gain fiber 9 is a polarization-maintaining 20/400/0.065 ytterbium-doped large-mode-field active fiber, the cladding absorption coefficient is 1.5dB/m@976nm, and the length is about 10m.
The second beam combiner 10 is a (6+1) x 1 forward beam combiner, the specification of the signal input fiber is polarization maintaining 10/125/0.07, the specification of the output fiber is polarization maintaining 20/400/0.065, and the pump input fiber is a non-polarization maintaining 200/220/0.22 multimode fiber.
The second pump source 11 is a 200W 976nm lock wavelength pump source, and the output fiber has a specification of 200/220/0.22 multimode fiber and is used for providing pump light for the polarization maintaining fiber amplifier.
The second brewster fiber grating 12 has a polarization maintaining 20/400/0.065 large mode field passive fiber, as shown in fig. 4, the period Λ of the grating is 519nm, the included angle θ of the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining fiber in the grating gate area is 45 °, and the grating is used for improving the polarization degree of the laser output by the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier.
The fiber type of the stripper 13 is polarization maintaining 20/400/0.065, and is used for stripping the cladding laser transmitted forward from the polarization maintaining fiber amplifier.
The optical fiber type of the output device 14 is polarization maintaining 20/400/0.065 and is used for outputting high-power linear polarized laser.
The collimator lens 15 is a short-focus collimator lens having a focal length of about 40mm for collimating the output laser light.
The focusing lens 16 has an effective focal length of 400mm and is used for focusing the collimated laser into the frequency doubling component, thereby improving the power density.
As shown in fig. 3, the frequency doubling component 17 includes a fixing base 171, a temperature control furnace 172, and a frequency doubling crystal 173. The temperature control furnace 172 is designed into a cylinder shape, the frequency doubling crystal 173 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the cylinder, and the metal cylinder-shaped fixing seat 171 is arranged outside the temperature control furnace and used for supporting and fixing the temperature control furnace 172 and the frequency doubling crystal 173. The frequency doubling crystal 173 is a non-critical phase matching LBO (lithium triborate) crystal with the length of 40mm; the temperature of the temperature control furnace 172 is controlled to be about 150 ℃, the jitter is controlled to be + -0.1 ℃, and the temperature control furnace is used for controlling the working temperature of the frequency doubling crystal 173 to obtain the highest conversion efficiency. Preferably, the temperature control oven 172 is a rotatable temperature control oven, and the polarization angle of the incident laser entering the frequency doubling crystal 173 can be changed when the temperature control oven is rotated, so that space optical paths such as half wave plates are reduced. It is understood that the temperature controlled oven 172 and the mounting 171 may be coupled using any rotatable mechanism known in the art.
The focusing mirror 18 is used to collect the frequency-multiplied light and focus the transmission to the dichroic mirror 19.
The dichroic mirror 19 is a single-wavelength low-pass dichroic mirror, and has a light transmittance of not less than 95% at 532nm and a light reflectance of not less than 90% at wavelengths of 1000nm or more.
The invention has been described above in connection with specific embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous green laser, characterized in that the continuous green laser comprises a pump light unit and a frequency doubling unit; the pump light unit is of an all-fiber structure and comprises a polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and a primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier, the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator comprises a high-reflectivity optical fiber grating, a first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber, a first Brewster optical fiber grating and a low-reflectivity optical fiber grating which are sequentially connected through optical fibers, a slow axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating is welded with a fast axis of the first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber, a fast axis of the first Brewster optical fiber grating is welded with a slow axis of the first polarization maintaining gain optical fiber, and output light of the primary polarization maintaining optical fiber amplifier is subjected to frequency multiplication through the frequency multiplication unit to form continuous green light.
2. The continuous green laser of claim 1, wherein the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator further comprises a first pump source for providing pump light thereto, the first pump source employing forward pumping or reverse pumping or bi-directional pumping.
3. The continuous green laser of claim 1, wherein the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier comprises a second polarization maintaining gain fiber and a second pump source for providing pump light thereto.
4. The continuous green laser of claim 3, wherein the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier further comprises a second brewster fiber grating, the second brewster fiber grating configured to increase the polarization of the laser light output by the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier.
5. The continuous green laser of claim 1, wherein the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier are further provided with a polarization maintaining fiber circulator.
6. The continuous green laser of claim 1, wherein the polarization maintaining narrow linewidth oscillator and the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier are further provided with a cladding power stripper.
7. The continuous green laser of claim 1, wherein the output end of the primary polarization maintaining fiber amplifier is further provided with a mode stripper and an output device in sequence.
8. The continuous green laser of claim 1, wherein the frequency doubling unit has a spatial light path structure and comprises a frequency doubling component and a dichroic mirror which are sequentially arranged.
9. The continuous green laser of claim 8, wherein the frequency doubling assembly comprises a holder, a temperature controlled oven, and a frequency doubling crystal, the frequency doubling crystal being secured in the temperature controlled oven, the holder being configured to support the temperature controlled oven.
10. The continuous green laser of claim 9, wherein the temperature controlled oven is rotatably coupled to the holder.
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CN202311415839.7A CN117638610A (en) | 2023-10-30 | 2023-10-30 | Continuous green light laser |
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CN202311415839.7A CN117638610A (en) | 2023-10-30 | 2023-10-30 | Continuous green light laser |
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