CN117637256A - high-PDIV insulating workpiece and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
high-PDIV insulating workpiece and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117637256A CN117637256A CN202210992775.6A CN202210992775A CN117637256A CN 117637256 A CN117637256 A CN 117637256A CN 202210992775 A CN202210992775 A CN 202210992775A CN 117637256 A CN117637256 A CN 117637256A
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- workpiece
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- hollow microsphere
- insulating
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- -1 ketone compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001652 electrophoretic deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCNCC1 PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound NCCOCCO GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=C1 KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-O N-dimethylethanolamine Chemical compound C[NH+](C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical group [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001558 organosilicon polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/04—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated
- C25D13/16—Wires; Strips; Foils
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an insulating workpiece with high PDIV and a preparation method thereof. In the preparation method provided by the invention, polyimide, a modifier, an alkaline organic compound, an organic modifier and a water-soluble polar solvent are mixed to obtain an electrophoretic coating intermediate; mixing with water to obtain electrophoresis liquid; then, taking the workpiece to be plated as an electrode, carrying out electrophoretic deposition in the electrophoretic liquid, and forming an insulating paint film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated; finally, drying to obtain an insulating workpiece; wherein the modifier is at least one selected from fluorine-containing organic compounds, hollow microspheres and porous substances, and the particle size of the modifier is not more than the thickness of the insulating paint film formed in the step c); the organic modifier is one or more selected from alcohol compounds, ether compounds and ketone compounds, and has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of 8-18. The insulating workpiece prepared by the method has good film thickness uniformity, adhesive force, flexibility and voltage resistance, and particularly has high PDIV.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high polymer materials, in particular to a high PDIV insulating workpiece and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The enameled wire is used as an insulated wire, is generally composed of a lead wire such as copper and an insulated paint film layer wrapping the lead wire, and is mainly applied to core parts such as motors, transformers, reactors and the like in the industries of automobiles, electric power, household appliances, medical treatment, aerospace and the like at present. The new energy automobiles, the high-speed rail and the like are driven by electric power, and the inverter belongs to a part of an electric drive system, but the operation of the inverter driving motor in the prior art is accompanied by the generation of high-voltage peaks; for the motor, if the windings bear short-time impulse voltage with large amplitude, the windings are subjected to high voltage stress, and the high voltage stress can cause partial discharge of the motor insulation system in the operation process. For example, when an enamel wire is operated under a high frequency varying voltage environment, if PDIV (i.e., partial discharge initiation voltage, partial Discharge Inception Voltage, abbreviated as PDIV) is not high enough, electric field concentration is generated at the weak portion inside the insulating paint film layer, which causes breakdown of the insulating paint film layer under the effect of a high frequency electric field, thereby causing insulation failure.
The enameled wire PDIV has a great relation with the performance characteristics of the enameled wire itself. For example, the PDIV performance of the enameled wire is tested under different frequencies, the electric conduction quantity of 10PC (leather warehouse) is taken as the lower, the PDIV is 800V at 50HZ, the PDIV is 783V at 1000HZ, the PDIV is 740V at 10000HZ, namely, when the rated voltage of the motor is more than 800V, namely, the local corona discharge phenomenon of the enameled wire exists, and the enameled wire with the PDIV more than the rated voltage is adopted at the moment, so that the insulated paint film can not be broken down by the local corona discharge, and the service life of the enameled wire can be effectively prolonged.
Chinese patent application CN109659078A discloses a corona-resistant variable frequency enameled wire with high PDIV and a preparation process thereof, wherein the PDIV of the enameled wire is closely related to the proportion of each layer of the coating paint layer, but the production process has high requirements, and the problems of poor interlayer adhesiveness, uneven layer thickness and the like exist; chinese patent CN102812524B discloses a foamed electric wire and a method for manufacturing the same, the electric wire is mainly composed of a conductor core material and a foamed insulating layer wrapping the conductor core material, PDIV of the electric wire and foaming multiple of the insulating layer are in positive correlation, but the foaming process greatly reduces flexibility of the insulating layer;
the insulating layer of the enameled wire is insufficient in adhesiveness and nonuniform in film layer, the whole volume of device products such as a motor or a transformer is necessarily enlarged, and the device is not in line with the development trend of miniaturization and even microminiaturization. In addition, the foaming process can reduce the flexibility of the enameled wire, so that the enameled wire is easy to damage an insulating layer in the winding process, and the yield of products is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a high PDIV insulating workpiece and a method for manufacturing the same. The insulating workpiece prepared by the method can effectively improve the PDIV of the insulating workpiece, and has uniform film thickness, strong adhesive force and good flexibility.
The invention provides a preparation method of a high PDIV insulating workpiece, which comprises the following steps:
a) Mixing polyimide, a modifier, an alkaline organic compound, an organic modifier and a water-soluble polar solvent to obtain an electrophoretic coating intermediate;
b) Mixing the electrophoretic paint intermediate with water to obtain an electrophoretic fluid;
c) Taking a workpiece to be plated as an electrode, performing electrophoretic deposition in the electrophoretic liquid, and forming an insulating paint film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated;
d) Drying the workpiece obtained in the step c) to obtain an insulating workpiece;
the modifier is at least one of fluorine-containing organic compound, hollow microsphere and porous substance, and the particle size of the modifier is not more than the thickness of the insulating paint film formed in the step c);
the organic modifier is at least one selected from alcohol compounds, ether compounds and ketone compounds, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the organic modifier is between 8 and 18.
Preferably, the fluorine-containing organic compound is fluorine-substituted polyolefin, and is at least one selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroethylene propylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer and chlorotrifluoroethylene;
the hollow microsphere is at least one selected from polymer hollow microsphere and glass hollow microsphere;
the porous substance is at least one selected from diatomaceous earth and porous silica.
Preferably, the polymer hollow microsphere is at least one of an organosilicon polymer hollow microsphere, a polystyrene hollow microsphere, a polymethyl methacrylate hollow microsphere, a polyurethane hollow microsphere and a polydopamine hollow microsphere.
Preferably, the organic modifier is at least one selected from propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, butanone and cyclohexanone.
Preferably, the basic organic compound is selected from at least one of tetramethylguanidine, 4-vinylpyridine, piperidine, triethanolamine, methylpiperazine, morpholine, N dimethylethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, isopropanolamine, dicyclohexylamine and diglycolamine.
Preferably, the water-soluble polar solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, γ -butyrolactone, γ -valerolactone and sulfolane.
Preferably, in the step a), the contents of each component in the intermediate of the electrophoretic paint are as follows:
in the step b), the volume ratio of the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating to the water is 4:0.5-1.5.
Preferably, in the step c), the conditions of the electrophoretic deposition are: the temperature is 10-35 ℃, the voltage is 10-150V, and the charge quantity is 1-100 ℃.
Preferably, in the step d), the drying process is as follows: drying at 60-100 deg.c for 10-60 min, heating to 140-180 deg.c for 10-60 min, and heating to 220-260 deg.c for 10-60 min;
in the step c), in the electrophoretic deposition, a workpiece to be plated is taken as an anode, and a steel piece is taken as a cathode;
in the step a), the particle size of the modified product is 1 to 40 μm.
The invention also provides an insulating workpiece with high PDIV, which is prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
In the preparation method provided by the invention, through the steps a) -b), 6 materials are adopted and a certain operation is carried out, so that stable and uniform electrophoretic liquid is established, preconditions are provided for implementing electrophoresis, and meanwhile, the formed electrophoretic film layer is ensured to be uniform and free of defects; then, the steps c) to d) are performed with electrophoretic deposition and drying, thereby obtaining the insulating workpiece. The insulating workpiece prepared by the method has good film thickness uniformity, adhesive force, flexibility and voltage resistance, and particularly has high PDIV.
Experimental results show that the thickness tolerance of a paint film of the insulating workpiece prepared by the invention is less than +/-5%, and the insulating workpiece has higher thickness uniformity; the adhesive force grade reaches 0 grade, and the adhesive force is excellent; the flexibility test shows that the bending of 180 degrees is free from cracking and falling; the withstand voltage reaches more than 5.0kV, and the excellent withstand voltage performance is shown; in particular, the PDIV reaches 1125V or more, and has higher PDIV.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a high PDIV insulating workpiece, which comprises the following steps:
a) Mixing polyimide, a modifier, an alkaline organic compound, an organic modifier and a water-soluble polar solvent to obtain an electrophoretic coating intermediate;
b) Mixing the electrophoretic paint intermediate with water to obtain an electrophoretic fluid;
c) Taking a workpiece to be plated as an electrode, performing electrophoretic deposition in the electrophoretic liquid, and forming an insulating paint film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated;
d) Drying the workpiece obtained in the step c) to obtain an insulating workpiece;
the modifier is at least one of fluorine-containing organic compound, hollow microsphere and porous substance, and the particle size of the modifier is not more than the thickness of the insulating paint film formed in the step c);
the organic modifier is at least one selected from alcohol compounds, ether compounds and ketone compounds, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the organic modifier is between 8 and 18.
[ about step a ]:
a) Mixing polyimide, modifier, alkaline organic compound, organic modifier and water-soluble polar solvent to obtain the intermediate of electrophoretic paint.
In the present invention, the source of the polyimide is not particularly limited, and it is a commercial product. In the invention, the content of polyimide in the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating is preferably 6-15 wt%, and the content can be controlled to ensure the film forming effect and further ensure the PDIV performance of the material, and the content can be specifically 6wt%, 7wt%, 8wt%, 9wt%, 10wt%, 11wt%, 12wt%, 13wt%, 14wt% and 15wt%.
In the present invention, the modifier is at least one selected from the group consisting of fluorine-containing organic compounds, hollow microspheres and porous materials.
Wherein:
the fluorine-containing organic compound is fluorine-substituted polyolefin, preferably at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (i.e., PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (i.e., FEP), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (i.e., ETFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (i.e., PFA), ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (i.e., ECTFE), and chlorotrifluoroethylene (i.e., PCTFE). The fluorine-containing compound is a conventional granular powder, not hollow microspheres.
The hollow microsphere is at least one selected from polymer hollow microsphere and glass hollow microsphere. The polymer hollow microsphere is preferably at least one of an organosilicon polymer hollow microsphere, a polystyrene hollow microsphere, a polymethyl methacrylate hollow microsphere, a polyurethane hollow microsphere and a polydopamine hollow microsphere. In the present invention, the source of the polymer hollow microsphere (also called hollow structure polymer microsphere) is not particularly limited, and the polymer hollow microsphere is commercially available or prepared according to the conventional preparation method of the polymer hollow microsphere in the field, and the conventional preparation method includes an emulsion method, a template method, a self-assembly method, etc.
The porous substance is at least one selected from diatomaceous earth and porous silica.
In the present invention, the source of the modified substance is not particularly limited, and it is a commercial product. In the present invention, the particle size of the modified product is preferably 1 to 40. Mu.m. Wherein the particle size of the fluorine-containing organic compound is 1-10 mu m, the particle size of the hollow microsphere is 1-40 mu m, and the particle size of the porous material is 1-30 mu m. The PDIV of the insulating workpiece can be effectively improved by introducing the modifier, and the particle size of the modifier is controlled to be not more than the thickness of the insulating paint film formed in the step c), so that the uniformity of the thickness of the paint film is ensured.
In the invention, the content of the modifier in the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating is preferably 1wt% to 10wt%, and specifically may be 1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt%, 6wt%, 7wt%, 8wt%, 9wt%, 10wt%.
In the present invention, the basic organic compound is preferably at least one of tetramethylguanidine, 4-vinylpyridine, piperidine, triethanolamine, methylpiperazine, morpholine, N dimethylethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, isopropanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, and diglycolamine. The source of the basic organic compound is not particularly limited and may be commercially available. The alkaline organic compound is introduced, so that active hydrogen in a polyimide structure can be neutralized, polyimide is negatively charged, and then the polyimide can move to the metal surface along with current in the electrophoresis process. In the invention, the content of the alkaline organic compound in the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating is preferably 1wt% to 5wt%, and specifically may be 1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt%.
In the invention, the organic modifier is selected from one or more of alcohol compounds, ether compounds and ketone compounds, and can contain phenyl, furfuryl or naphthyl; and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the organic modifier is between 8 and 18. Preferably, the organic modifier is at least one selected from propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, butanone and cyclohexanone. According to the invention, the organic modifier is adopted, on one hand, carbonyl groups in the organic modifier can form hydrogen bonds with water, and water molecules are pulled in to a certain degree; on the other hand, the polyimide can be dissolved to a certain extent, the polyimide has the function of a surfactant, the strength of the surfactant is not strong, and the polyimide can be combined with other components of the system to achieve proper matching degree, so that foam can not be generated; meanwhile, the structure can also improve the wettability of the polyimide electrophoresis liquid on the surface of a metal workpiece and enhance the film forming capability of the polyimide electrophoresis liquid on the surface of the metal workpiece. In the present invention, the content of the organic modifier in the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating is preferably 10wt% to 25wt%, and specifically may be 10wt%, 11wt%, 12wt%, 13wt%, 14wt%, 15wt%, 16wt%, 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%, 22wt%, 23wt%, 24wt%, 25wt%.
In the present invention, the water-soluble polar solvent is preferably at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide (i.e., DMF), N-dimethylacetamide (i.e., DMAc), dimethylsulfoxide (i.e., DMSO), N-methylpyrrolidone (i.e., NMP), γ -butyrolactone, γ -valerolactone and sulfolane. The source of the water-soluble polar solvent is not particularly limited, and the water-soluble polar solvent is commercially available. In the invention, the water-soluble polar solvent is used in the balance, namely, the balance is 100 percent.
In the invention, the contents of the components in the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating for the five materials are as follows:
the specific optional amounts of the various components are the same as those described in the foregoing technical schemes, and are not described in detail herein.
In the invention, the mixing sequence and the feeding mode of the five materials are as follows: the polyimide, the modifier, the alkaline organic compound and the water-soluble polar solvent are mixed first, and then the organic modifier is added dropwise. The mixing mode of the first four materials is not particularly limited, and the materials can be uniformly mixed according to a conventional mixing mode in the field, such as stirring and mixing. The stirring and mixing speed is preferably 100-2000 rpm, and the time is preferably 10-120 min. The temperature of the mixing is not particularly limited, and may be performed at room temperature. In the invention, after the first four materials are mixed, an organic modifier is added, and the materials are added in a dropwise manner. After the organic modifier is added dropwise, stirring and mixing are continued for a period of time. The stirring and mixing speed is preferably 200-1800 rpm, and the time is preferably 10-100 min. And mixing to obtain the intermediate of the electrophoretic paint. The invention controls the feeding sequence and the feeding mode, is favorable for obtaining a uniform electrophoretic paint intermediate, otherwise, if materials are all added at one time and organic modifier is not added in a dripping mode, the materials are agglomerated, uniform electrophoretic liquid is difficult to obtain, and the deposition effect is further influenced.
[ concerning step b ]:
b) And mixing the electrophoretic paint intermediate with water to obtain an electrophoretic fluid.
In the invention, the volume ratio of the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating to the water is preferably 4: (0.5-1.5), and uniform electrophoretic liquid can be obtained by controlling the ratio, so that the electrophoretic deposition effect and the product performance are ensured, if the ratio of the water is too large, the agglomeration of the modifier and the polyimide is easy to cause, and if the ratio of the water is too small, the dispersion performance is also easy to influence, so that the agglomeration is caused. The volume ratio may specifically be 4:0.5, 4:0.6, 4:0.7, 4:0.8, 4:0.9, 4:1, 4:1.1, 4:1.2, 4:1.3, 4:1.4, 4:1.5, more preferably 4:1.
In the present invention, the mixing means is preferably ultrasonic dispersion. The power of the ultrasonic dispersion is preferably 30-600W, and can be specifically 30W, 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 250W, 300W, 350W, 400W, 450W, 500W, 550W and 600W; the ultrasonic dispersion time is preferably 10-120 min, and can be specifically 10min, 30min, 45min, 60min, 90min and 120min. Through the treatment, the electrophoresis liquid is obtained.
The steps a) -b) are used for preparing the electrophoresis liquid, and the 6 components are mixed according to a certain sequence and operation, so that the uniform and stable electrophoresis liquid is obtained, the 6 components are matched, and the PDIV of an insulating workpiece can be effectively improved (when the thickness of a paint film is 190+/-10 mu m, the PDIV reaches 1500V); in addition, the components have good adaptability, which is beneficial to ensuring the uniformity of the thickness of the film layer, and simultaneously, the paint film has good cohesive force and self-lubricating property, and improves the flexibility of the film layer. The performance is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the insulating workpiece and widening the application range of the insulating workpiece.
[ about step c ]:
c) And taking the workpiece to be plated as an electrode, performing electrophoretic deposition in the electrophoretic liquid, and forming an insulating paint film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated.
The object of the invention is to produce an insulating workpiece, whereby the workpiece to be plated is a conductive metal core in the workpiece. The insulating workpiece can be an insulated wire, and when the insulating workpiece is an insulated wire, the workpiece to be plated is a wire core. The conductive metal core is preferably a copper wire.
In the invention, a workpiece to be plated is taken as an electrode, in particular an anode. In the present invention, a steel member is preferably used as the cathode. The steel member is more preferably a steel wire mesh.
In the invention, the electrophoresis liquid is used as electrolyte to carry out electrophoresis deposition. In the invention, the temperature of the electrophoretic deposition is preferably 10-35 ℃, if the temperature is too low, the wet film resistance is easily caused to be too high, the phenomenon of insufficient film thickness is caused, and the working efficiency is also low; if the temperature is too high, the uniformity of film formation is affected, and the solvent is extremely unbalanced, and film defects such as bubbles and shrinkage cavities are caused. The temperature may be specifically 10 ℃, 11 ℃, 12 ℃, 13 ℃, 14 ℃, 15 ℃, 16 ℃, 17 ℃, 18 ℃, 19 ℃, 20 ℃, 21 ℃, 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃. The voltage of the electrophoretic deposition is preferably 10-150V, and can be specifically 10V, 20V, 30V, 40V, 50V, 60V, 70V, 80V, 90V, 100V, 110V, 120V, 130V, 140V and 150V. The present invention controls the electric charge amount by controlling the current and the energization time, preferably the electric charge amount is controlled to be 1 to 100C, specifically 1C, 5C, 10C, 15C, 20C, 25C, 30C, 35C, 40C, 45C, 50C, 55C, 60C, 65C, 70C, 75C, 80C, 85C, 90C, 95C, 100C.
The electrophoresis liquid is between the anode and the cathode, under the action of applied voltage, charged coating ions move to the anode, and react with acidic substances generated on the surface of the anode to form insoluble substances, and the insoluble substances are deposited on the surface of a workpiece to form a film layer. The method specifically comprises the following four processes: (1) electrolysis: the (decomposition) is initially an electrolytic reaction, i.e. an electrolysis occurs, at the cathode reaction, the equation: h 2 O→OH - +H + . (2) electrophoresis: migration and migration of negatively charged anionic resins and OH - Under the action of the electric field, the anions move towards the anode, and the anions move towards the cathode. (3) electrodeposition: the anionic resin reacts with the surface of the anode in an acidic manner to neutralize and precipitate insoluble substances on the surface of the coated workpiece, and the insoluble substances are deposited on the coated workpiece. (4) electroosmosis: the (dehydrated) coating solid and the coating film on the surface of the workpiece are semitransparent, have a plurality of capillary holes, water and solvent are discharged from the anode coating film, and the coating film is dehydrated under the action of an electric field, and is adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece, thereby completing the whole electrophoresis process. After the electrophoretic deposition, an insulating paint film is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be plated.
The invention adopts 6 materials and establishes stable and uniform electrophoresis liquid through certain operation through the steps a) -b), provides preconditions for implementing electrophoresis, ensures that the formed electrophoresis film layer is uniform and defect-free, and is beneficial to improving the product performance.
[ regarding step d ]:
d) And c) drying the workpiece obtained in the step c) to obtain the insulating workpiece.
In the present invention, the drying is preferably gradient temperature-increasing drying. In the invention, the gradient heating and drying process is preferably as follows: drying at 60-100 deg.c for 10-60 min, heating to 140-180 deg.c for 10-60 min, and heating to 220-260 deg.c for 10-60 min. Wherein the initial temperature can be 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃ and 100 ℃; the drying time can be 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min. The intermediate temperature of the temperature rise can be specifically 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃ and 180 ℃; the drying time can be 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min. The final temperature of the temperature rise can be specifically 220 ℃, 230 ℃, 240 ℃, 250 ℃ and 260 ℃; the drying time can be 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min. The solvent is removed by adopting the step-by-step drying treatment, so that the membrane layer is not damaged, and if the drying system is broken, the membrane layer is easy to fall off too fast or burst. And (3) after the drying treatment, obtaining the insulating workpiece.
The invention also provides a high PDIV insulating workpiece which is prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
In the preparation method provided by the invention, through the steps a) -b), 6 materials are adopted and a certain operation is carried out, so that stable and uniform electrophoretic liquid is established, preconditions are provided for implementing electrophoresis, and meanwhile, the formed electrophoretic film layer is ensured to be uniform and free of defects; then, the steps c) to d) are performed with electrophoretic deposition and drying, thereby obtaining the insulating workpiece. Finally, the obtained insulating workpiece has better film thickness uniformity, adhesive force, flexibility and voltage resistance, in particular higher PDIV.
Experimental results show that the thickness tolerance of a paint film of the insulating workpiece prepared by the invention is less than +/-5%, and the insulating workpiece has higher thickness uniformity; the adhesive force grade reaches 0 grade, and the adhesive force is excellent; the flexibility test shows that the bending of 180 degrees is free from cracking and falling; the withstand voltage reaches more than 5.0kV, and the excellent withstand voltage performance is shown; in particular, the PDIV reaches 1125V or more, and has higher PDIV.
For a further understanding of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are merely intended to illustrate further features and advantages of the invention, and are not limiting of the claims of the invention.
In the following examples, the polyimide model was PI-1899, available from Hefeihan and New Material technologies Co., ltd. The particle size of the fluorine-containing organic compound is 1-10 mu m, the particle size of the hollow microsphere is 1-40 mu m, and the particle size of the porous substance is 1-30 mu m.
Example 1
200g of polyimide and 25g of PTFE are put into a three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, 1263g of NMP and 15g of monoethanolamine are put into the kettle, the mixture is stirred for 30min at room temperature under 1200rpm, 747g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether is gradually added dropwise until the mixture is white and cloudy, and stirring is continued for 1h, so as to obtain 2250g of electrophoretic paint intermediate (polyimide solid content is 10 wt%). And (3) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the electrophoretic paint intermediate and water according to the volume ratio of 4:1, and dispersing for 45min at 300W to obtain the electrophoretic liquid of the polyimide electrophoretic paint with the solid content of 8.33 wt%.
Example 2
200g of polyimide and 50g of PTFE are put into a three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, 1238g of NMP and 15g of monoethanolamine are put into the three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, the mixture is stirred for 30min at room temperature and 1200rpm, then 747g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether is gradually added dropwise until the mixture is in a white turbid state, and stirring is continued for 1h, so as to obtain 2250g of electrophoretic paint intermediate (the solid content of polyimide is 11.11 wt%). And (3) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the electrophoretic paint intermediate and water according to the volume ratio of 4:1, and dispersing for 45min at 300W to obtain the electrophoretic liquid of the polyimide electrophoretic paint with the solid content of 8.88 wt%.
Example 3
200g of polyimide and 75g of PTFE are put into a three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, 1213g of NMP and 15g of monoethanolamine are put into the three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, the mixture is stirred for 30min at room temperature under 1200rpm, 747g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether is gradually added dropwise until the mixture is white and cloudy, and stirring is continued for 1h, so as to obtain 2250g of electrophoretic paint intermediate (the polyimide solid content is 12.22 wt%). And (3) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the electrophoretic paint intermediate and water according to the volume ratio of 4:1, and dispersing for 45min at 300W to obtain the electrophoretic liquid of the polyimide electrophoretic paint with the solid content of 9.77 wt%.
Example 4
200g of polyimide and 50g of FEP are put into a three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, 1238g of NMP and 15g of monoethanolamine are further put into the three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, the mixture is stirred at 1200rpm for 30min at room temperature, 747g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether is gradually added dropwise until the mixture is white and cloudy, and stirring is continued for 1h, so as to obtain 2250g of electrophoretic paint intermediate (the polyimide solid content is 11.11 wt%). And (3) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the electrophoretic paint intermediate and water according to the volume ratio of 4:1, and dispersing for 45min at 300W to obtain the electrophoretic liquid of the polyimide electrophoretic paint with the solid content of 8.88 wt%.
Example 5
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluoroorganic compound FEP is replaced by ETFE.
Example 6
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing organic compound FEP is replaced with PFA.
Example 7
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluoroorganic compound FEP is replaced by ECTFE.
Example 8
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluoroorganic compound FEP is replaced by PCTFE.
Example 9
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing organic compound is replaced by glass hollow microspheres.
Example 10
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing organic compound is replaced by polymethyl methacrylate hollow microspheres.
Example 11
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing organic compound is replaced by diatomaceous earth.
Example 12
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing organic compound is replaced by porous silica.
Comparative example 1: no modification is added
200g of polyimide is put into a three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, 958g of NMP and 15g of monoethanolamine are then put into the three-port stainless steel stirring kettle, the mixture is stirred at 1200rpm for 30min at room temperature, then 747g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether is gradually added dropwise until the mixture is white and the mixture is continuously stirred for 1h, so that 1920g of electrophoretic paint intermediate (the solid content of polyimide is 10.41 wt%) is obtained. And (3) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the electrophoretic paint intermediate and water according to the volume ratio of 4:1, and dispersing for 45min at 300W to obtain the electrophoretic liquid of the polyimide electrophoretic paint with the solid content of 8.33 wt%.
Comparative example 2: using other fluorine-containing organic compounds
The procedure is as in example 1, except that the fluorine-containing organic compound PTFE is replaced by PVDF (i.e. polyvinylidene fluoride).
Comparative example 3: using other hollow microspheres
The procedure was as in example 9, except that the glass hollow microspheres were replaced with hollow graphite carbon microspheres.
Comparative example 4: using other polymeric hollow microspheres
The procedure of example 10 was followed except that the polymethyl methacrylate hollow microspheres were replaced with phenolic resin hollow microspheres.
Comparative example 5: using other porous substances
The procedure is as in example 11, except that the diatomaceous earth is replaced with activated carbon.
Comparative example 6: glass hollow microsphere with particle size of 80 μm is adopted
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing compound is replaced by hollow glass microspheres having a particle size of 80. Mu.m.
Comparative example 7: polymethyl methacrylate hollow microsphere with particle size of 80 mu m is adopted
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing compound is replaced by polymethyl methacrylate hollow microspheres having a particle size of 80. Mu.m.
Comparative example 8: diatomite with the particle size of 80 mu m is adopted
The procedure is as in example 4, except that the fluorine-containing compound is replaced by diatomaceous earth having a particle size of 80. Mu.m.
Comparative example 9: increasing the amount of the modifier
The procedure is as in example 3, except that the PTFE amount is increased to 250g.
Comparative example 10: using other organic improvers
The procedure is as in example 3, except that the propylene glycol monomethyl ether organic modifier is replaced with ethylene glycol.
Example 13: preparation of paint films and Performance test
1. Preparation of the paint film
And (3) taking a copper wire as an anode, a steel wire mesh as a cathode, and an electrophoretic solution as an electrolyte, and performing electrophoretic deposition film making. The conditions of the electrophoretic deposition are as follows: the temperature was 25℃and the voltage was 100V, and the electrophoresis time was 5min (charge amount 60C). Taking out the anode material after the electrophoretic deposition is finished, blowing off the residual electrophoretic fluid on the surface by using airflow, and then carrying out temperature programming drying treatment: drying at 80 ℃ for 60min, heating to 160 ℃ for 60min, and finally heating to 240 ℃ for 60min to obtain the insulated wire.
The electrophoresis solutions obtained in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to the above-described procedures, respectively, to thereby prepare 14 samples of insulated electric wires.
2. Performance testing
(1) Adhesion test: reference is made to QB8016-2000 paint film adhesion assay.
(2) Flexibility test: and bending the insulated wire 180 degrees, repeatedly bending for 5 times, and observing whether a paint film has cracking or falling.
(3) Film thickness test: with reference to QB8015-2000 "film thickness determination of paint film", a multi-point test (5-point test in total) was performed.
(4) Voltage resistance test: preparing 1cm wide tin foils, clamping a sample to be tested between the two tin foils, switching on a circuit, increasing voltage gradually, and performing 5kV voltage withstand test at the voltage applying speed of 100V/s, and reading the voltage during damage. If the sample is damaged in the pressurizing process, the corresponding voltage value is a withstand voltage value; if the test is not destroyed until the upper limit of the test is 5kV, the test sample passes the 5kV voltage withstand test, and the test sample can withstand voltage of more than 5 kV.
(5) PDIV test: the test was performed by a PDIV tester under test conditions of 10PC and 50 HZ.
The test results are shown in Table 1:
table 1: properties of the electrophoretic paint film
Wherein, comparative example 3 and comparative example 5 cannot be electrophoresed, and no electrophoretic paint film is obtained; the phenolic resin hollow microspheres of comparative example 4 undergo coagulation in the electrophoretic fluid; the modified substances with particle diameters greater than 40 μm in comparative examples 6 to 8 were not stably dispersed in the system; the PTFE introduced in large amounts in comparative example 9 was agglomerated and could not be stably dispersed; in comparative example 10, PTFE was not stably dispersed; thus, comparative examples 3-10 failed the experiment or failed to test the relevant data.
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the film thickness test was carried out by multipoint spotting, and the results showed that the thickness of the paint films obtained in examples 1 to 12 was floated to 13 μm or less and the tolerance was + -5% or less, and had reached an extremely uniform level. The adhesion test shows that comparative examples 1-2 only reach levels below grade 1, whereas examples 1-12 reach levels above grade 1, most of which reach the highest grade of grade 0, demonstrating that the electrophoretic paint film of the present invention has a higher adhesion level. The flexibility test shows that the paint films of comparative examples 1-2 are locally cracked, while the paint films of examples 1-12 are free of cracking and falling off, and show better flexibility. The voltage endurance test shows that the breaking voltage of comparative examples 1-2 is below 2.6kV, while the breaking voltage of examples 1-12 reaches a level above 5.0kV, thereby greatly improving the voltage endurance performance. The dielectric constant test showed that comparative examples 1-2 were above 3.48, while examples 1-12 had dielectric constants less than 3.PDIV tests show that comparative examples 1-2 are below 895V, while examples 1-12 reach above 1125V, which significantly improves PDIV. Therefore, the comprehensive performance of the material obtained by the invention is obviously improved.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to aid in understanding the method of the invention and its core concept, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. The scope of the patent protection is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high PDIV insulating workpiece is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) Mixing polyimide, a modifier, an alkaline organic compound, an organic modifier and a water-soluble polar solvent to obtain an electrophoretic coating intermediate;
b) Mixing the electrophoretic paint intermediate with water to obtain an electrophoretic fluid;
c) Taking a workpiece to be plated as an electrode, performing electrophoretic deposition in the electrophoretic liquid, and forming an insulating paint film on the surface of the workpiece to be plated;
d) Drying the workpiece obtained in the step c) to obtain an insulating workpiece;
the modifier is at least one of fluorine-containing organic compound, hollow microsphere and porous substance, and the particle size of the modifier is not more than the thickness of the insulating paint film formed in the step c);
the organic modifier is at least one selected from alcohol compounds, ether compounds and ketone compounds, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the organic modifier is between 8 and 18.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluorine-containing organic compound is a fluorine-substituted polyolefin selected from at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, an ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, and polytrifluoroethylene;
the hollow microsphere is at least one selected from polymer hollow microsphere and glass hollow microsphere;
the porous substance is at least one selected from diatomaceous earth and porous silica.
3. The method of producing according to claim 2, wherein the polymer hollow microsphere is at least one of a silicone polymer hollow microsphere, a polystyrene hollow microsphere, a polymethyl methacrylate hollow microsphere, a polyurethane hollow microsphere, and a polydopamine hollow microsphere.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic modifier is at least one selected from propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, butanone, and cyclohexanone.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the basic organic compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of tetramethylguanidine, 4-vinylpyridine, piperidine, triethanolamine, methylpiperazine, morpholine, N dimethylethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, isopropanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, and diglycolamine.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble polar solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, γ -butyrolactone, γ -valerolactone and sulfolane.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step a), the contents of the components in the intermediate of the electrophoretic paint are as follows:
in the step b), the volume ratio of the intermediate of the electrophoretic coating to the water is 4:0.5-1.5.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step c), the conditions of the electrophoretic deposition are: the temperature is 10-35 ℃, the voltage is 10-150V, and the charge quantity is 1-100 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step d), the drying process is as follows: drying at 60-100 deg.c for 10-60 min, heating to 140-180 deg.c for 10-60 min, and heating to 220-260 deg.c for 10-60 min;
in the step c), in the electrophoretic deposition, a workpiece to be plated is taken as an anode, and a steel piece is taken as a cathode;
in the step a), the particle size of the modified product is 1 to 40 μm.
10. An insulated workpiece of high PDIV, characterized in that it is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210992775.6A CN117637256A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | high-PDIV insulating workpiece and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2023/099818 WO2024037158A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2023-06-13 | High-pdiv insulating workpiece and preparation method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210992775.6A CN117637256A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | high-PDIV insulating workpiece and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117637256A true CN117637256A (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN202210992775.6A Pending CN117637256A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | high-PDIV insulating workpiece and preparation method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117637256A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024037158A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100494280C (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-06-03 | 东南大学 | Method for preparing polyimide/ silicon dioxide hollow micro-sphere composite film |
| JP5464838B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2014-04-09 | 三菱電線工業株式会社 | Insulating member manufacturing method |
| JP2013234257A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-21 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | Electrodeposition paint composition and electrodeposition method and insulation member |
| CN102732147A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-17 | 汕头市天方达新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method for nanometer mesoporous particle modified corona resistance wire enamel |
| CN103680700B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2019-05-24 | 南昌大学 | Enameled wire containing polyimide modified silane coupling agent coating |
| CN112194968A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-08 | 安顺市乾辰谷材科技有限公司 | Dry environment resistant FIW insulating paint for completely insulating wire |
-
2022
- 2022-08-18 CN CN202210992775.6A patent/CN117637256A/en active Pending
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- 2023-06-13 WO PCT/CN2023/099818 patent/WO2024037158A1/en unknown
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| WO2024037158A1 (en) | 2024-02-22 |
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