CN117631273A - Display module and display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses display module assembly and display device, display module assembly includes: the optical machine is used for emitting a projection beam; the optical machine is positioned on one side of the waveguide assembly, and the waveguide assembly is used for transmitting the projection light beam so that the projection light beam can be incident to eyes of a user; and the first light processing part is positioned between the optical machine and the waveguide assembly, and is used for changing the propagation direction of the projection light beam emitted to the waveguide assembly by the optical machine, and the central light beam of the projection light beam can be incident to eyes along the line-of-sight direction when a user looks right after being transmitted by the display module, so that the display effect is improved while the user wears the display device comfortably.

Description

Display module and display device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of optical imaging equipment, in particular to a display module and a display device.

Background

With the continuous innovation of technology, virtual Reality (VR), augmented Reality (Augmented Reality, AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) have gradually entered industries such as industrial education, and taking an augmented Reality technology as an example, the augmented Reality is a technology of combining Virtual and real, so-called "Virtual" is a Virtual image, and an image displayed by a micro-display and amplified and transmitted by an optical element to reach a human eye; the "real" is a real reality environment, and the augmented reality technology is a technology of superimposing a virtual image and a real world.

At present, a head-mounted augmented reality device is generally provided with a projection light machine and a waveguide lens, wherein the projection light machine and eyes of a user are positioned at the inner side of the waveguide lens, the projection light machine is positioned at the outer side of a temple of the user, and light beams emitted by the projection light machine are emitted to the eyes after being transmitted through the waveguide lens, so that an imaging picture is formed in front of the eyes of the user.

However, in the related art, in order to improve the wearing comfort of the user, the positional relationship between the waveguide lens and the projection optical machine needs to be adjusted, but the adjustment affects the display effect of the augmented reality device, and reduces the visual experience of the user.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, an object of the present application is to provide a display module and a display device, which can improve the wearing comfort and the display effect of the display module.

An embodiment according to a first aspect of the present application provides a display module, including: the optical machine is used for emitting a projection beam; the optical machine is positioned on one side of the waveguide assembly, and the waveguide assembly is used for transmitting the projection light beam so that the projection light beam can be incident to eyes of a user; the first light processing part is positioned between the optical machine and the waveguide assembly and is used for changing the propagation direction of the projection light beam emitted to the waveguide assembly by the optical machine, and the central light beam of the projection light beam can be incident to eyes along the line-of-sight direction when a user looks at after being transmitted by the display module; wherein the central beam is a parallel beam located on the central line of the projection beam.

An embodiment according to a second aspect of the present application provides a display device including: at least one display module as in any above embodiments.

According to the display module and the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, the first light processing part is arranged between the waveguide assembly and the optical machine, and the first light processing part is used for changing the propagation direction of the projection light beam emitted to the waveguide assembly by the optical machine, so that the central light beam of the projection light beam can be incident to eyes along the line-of-sight direction when a user looks right after being transmitted by the display module, the positions of the waveguide assembly and the optical machine can be adjusted to be in a wearing comfortable state, and meanwhile, an imaging picture can be positioned right in front of eyes of the user, the display effect of the display module is improved, and the visual experience is improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a related art head-mounted augmented reality device;

FIG. 1b is another schematic structural diagram of a related art head-mounted augmented reality device;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4a is a schematic view of the view field of the frame projected by the optical engine in FIG. 3 in the K-Space;

FIG. 4b is a schematic view of the frame projected by the optical engine of FIG. 3 after being coupled out by the first grating diffraction and waveguide assembly in the K-Space;

FIG. 4c is a schematic view of the frame projected by the optical engine of FIG. 3 after being diffracted by the first grating, coupled out by the waveguide assembly, and diffracted by the second grating;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1: a waveguide lens; 2: a projection light machine;

3: an eye; 100: a waveguide assembly;

110: an optical waveguide; 120: coupling out the grating;

200: a light machine; 210: a central beam;

300: a first light processing section; 310: a first grating;

320: a first carrier plate; 400: a second light processing section;

410: a second grating; 411: a second sub-grating region;

420: a second carrier plate; 500: a third light processing section;

510: a third grating; 511: a third sub-grating region;

520: a light shielding body; 521: a light shielding region;

530: a third carrier plate; 600: imaging a picture;

700: an eye; 800: a real world beam of light;

121: the sub-grating region is coupled out.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

First, some terms in the embodiments of the present application are explained below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

Augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR): a technique for calculating camera pose parameters of a camera in a real world (or three-dimensional world, real world) in real time during image acquisition by the camera, and adding virtual elements on the image acquired by the camera according to the camera pose parameters. Virtual elements include, but are not limited to: images, videos, and three-dimensional models. The goal of augmented reality technology is to socket the virtual world on the screen for interaction over the real world.

At present, the augmented reality device mainly comprises a handheld augmented reality device and a head-mounted augmented reality device, wherein the handheld augmented reality device comprises a personal mobile phone, a tablet personal computer and the like, images of the real world are shot through a camera, and virtual images are displayed on a screen after being overlapped for direct viewing by human eyes. The head-mounted augmented reality equipment comprises intelligent glasses and the like, is worn in front of eyes of a person through methods such as a glasses frame and a bandage, has the characteristic of releasing hands as the head-mounted augmented reality equipment is not needed to be held, has obvious advantages compared with other equipment, and is a main development direction of the current augmented reality technology.

The head-mounted augmented reality device includes an optical perspective type and a video perspective type, wherein the optical perspective type is a main stream of the development of the augmented reality display technology by allowing a user to directly see the real world by receiving the light beam of the light-transmitting optical combiner and also to see the virtual image superimposed on the real world. Among the numerous optical perspective type head-mounted augmented reality devices, the device adopting the optical waveguide as the optical combiner has the advantages of light weight, high transmittance and shape similar to that of common glasses, and has wide development prospect. Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a related art head-mounted augmented reality device, referring to fig. 1a, the head-mounted augmented reality device is a display device based on an optical waveguide optical combiner, the device includes a projection optical machine 2 and a waveguide lens 1, the projection optical machine 2 and an eye 3 of a user are located at the inner side of the waveguide lens 1, the projection optical machine 2 is located at the outer side of a temple of the user, and a light beam emitted by the projection optical machine 2 is transmitted through the waveguide lens 1 and then emitted to the eye 3, so that an imaging picture is formed in front of the eye of the user.

In fig. 1a, the beam of the light beam emitted by the projector 2 may be incident perpendicular to the waveguide lens 1, i.e. the beam of the light beam emitted by the projector 2 may be incident along the normal line of the waveguide lens 1, and since for the same field of view, the incident beam of the waveguide lens 1 and the outgoing beam of the waveguide lens 1 are equal in angle to the normal line of the waveguide lens 1, but opposite in direction, the beam of the outgoing waveguide lens 1 may be emitted along the normal line, so that the imaging picture may be located right in front of the eyes of the user. However, the waveguide lens 1 in fig. 1a cannot adapt to the contour of the face of the user and is poorly worn.

Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of another structure of a head-mounted augmented reality device according to the related art, referring to fig. 1b, in order to improve wearing comfort, the waveguide lens 1 needs to be obliquely arranged like ordinary glasses, and in order to avoid squeezing the temple, the projector 2 needs to be arranged as parallel to the straight ahead of the user's line of sight as possible, which causes the central beam of the beam emitted by the projector 2 to be obliquely incident to the waveguide lens 1, that is, an angle is formed between the central beam of the beam emitted by the projector 2 in fig. 1b and the normal (dashed line in the figure) of the waveguide lens 1. According to the angle relation between the incident light and the emergent light of the waveguide lens 1, the imaging picture is also moved from the right front side of the eyes (fig. 1 a) to one side of the eyes close to the temple (fig. 1 b), namely, the imaging picture deviates from the right front side of the eyes, so that the effect of 'virtual-real combination' of the head-mounted augmented reality display device is affected, the display effect is poor, the visual experience of a user is poor, and the head-mounted augmented reality display device cannot be applied to binocular display.

In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the embodiment of the application provides a display module and a display device, wherein a first light processing portion is disposed between a waveguide assembly and an optical machine, and the first light processing portion is used for changing a propagation direction of a projection beam emitted to the waveguide assembly by the optical machine, so that a central beam of the projection beam can be incident to eyes along a line-of-sight direction when a user looks at the central beam, thereby an imaging picture can be positioned right in front of eyes of the user, a display effect of the display module is improved, and visual experience is improved.

The following describes the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above technical problems in detail with specific embodiments. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated that, for the sake of clarity in illustrating the propagation paths of the light beams, only the propagation paths of the central light beam of the projection light beam are shown in the following drawings, and the entire projection light beam is not completely shown.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein a frame finally formed in front of a human eye projected by the optical engine 200 is an imaging frame 600, and the imaging frame 600 is located on an extension line (a center line in fig. 2) of a central beam of the projected beam incident on the eye 700. Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the application provides a display module, which can be used in three-dimensional display devices such as augmented reality devices and virtual reality devices. The display module includes: the optical engine 200 is used for emitting a projection beam, the optical engine 200 is positioned at one side of the waveguide assembly 100, and the waveguide assembly 100 is used for transmitting the projection beam so that the projection beam can be incident on the eye 700 of a user; the first light processing portion 300 is located between the optical engine 200 and the waveguide assembly 100, the first light processing portion 300 is configured to change a propagation direction of a projection beam emitted from the optical engine 200 to the waveguide assembly 100, and a central beam 210 of the projection beam can be incident to the eye 700 along a line of sight a when a user is looking at the eye 700 after being transmitted by the display module; wherein the central beam 210 is a parallel beam located on the center line of the projection beam.

The optical engine 200 may be a common structure capable of projecting a frame, and the optical engine 200 may emit a projection beam to project the frame. The projection beam may have a cone structure with the optical engine 200 as a point, and the projection beam may have a central beam 210, where it is understood that the central beam 210 is a beam in the direction of the central line of the projection beam, i.e. a beam located at the central point of the frame projected by the optical engine 200, and the central beam is a parallel beam.

The waveguide assembly 100 may be an optical waveguide optical combiner, and the waveguide assembly 100 may receive a projection beam emitted by the optical machine 200, and the projection beam may propagate in the waveguide assembly 100 after being projected to the waveguide assembly 100, and meanwhile, a total reflection phenomenon occurs, and the projection beam exits to the eye 700 through the waveguide assembly 100, so as to implement conduction of a picture.

It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the waveguide assembly 100 may include an optical waveguide, an in-coupling grating capable of coupling an incident light beam into the optical waveguide, the optical waveguide may guide the incident light beam for total reflection propagation therein, and an out-coupling grating capable of coupling the incident light beam incident into the optical waveguide out of the waveguide assembly 100. I.e. the incident light beam, after it has been incident on the waveguide assembly 100, can propagate in the optical waveguide between the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating.

The waveguide assembly 100 may be a sheet-like or plate-like structure, and the optical bench 200 may be located at one side of the waveguide assembly 100. It will be appreciated that, for example, in fig. 2, the waveguide assembly 100 may be positioned in front of the user's eye 700 after the display module is worn on the user's head, and the optical engine 200 may be positioned outside the user's temple, i.e., the eye 700 and the optical engine 200 are positioned on the same side of the waveguide assembly 100.

In addition, the central beam 210 of the projection beam emitted by the optical engine 200 can be emitted along a direction parallel to the line of sight of the user when the user is looking, so that the optical engine 200 can also extend along a direction parallel to the straight ahead of the line of sight of the user, thereby avoiding squeezing the temple and improving wearing comfort. The direction of the line of sight a when the user is looking straight ahead is the direction of the line of sight when the user is looking straight ahead, that is, straight ahead of the user's line of sight.

The first light processing portion 300 may be disposed between the light engine 200 and the waveguide assembly 100, and it is understood that the first light processing portion 300 may be disposed outside the light outlet of the light engine 200, so that the projection beam emitted by the light engine 200 may pass through the first light processing portion 300, and thus the propagation direction of the projection beam may be changed, so that the central beam 210 of the projection beam transmitted by the display module may be incident to the eye 700 of the user along the line of sight direction a when the user is looking.

The first light processing section 300 may be implemented in various ways, for example, it may include a refractive element through which a light beam passes, a propagation direction of the light beam may be changed by refraction of the light, and so on.

In fig. 2, the transmission direction of the projection beam emitted by the optical engine 200 can be changed by the first light processing portion 300, and then the projection beam is incident to the waveguide assembly 100, and after exiting from the waveguide assembly 100, the projection beam can be incident to the eye 700 of the user, and for the same field of view, the angles of the beam incident to the waveguide assembly 100 and the beam exiting from the waveguide assembly 100 are equal to the normal line of the waveguide assembly 100, but opposite in direction, and by setting the first light processing portion 300, the incident angle of the projection beam when the projection beam is incident to the waveguide assembly 100 can be adjusted, so that the projection beam exiting from the waveguide assembly 100 can be incident to the eye 700 along the line of sight direction a when the user is looking at, and further, the formed imaging picture 600 can be positioned in front of the eye 700 of the user, and the display effect of the display module is improved while the optical engine 200 and the waveguide assembly 100 are adjusted to the wearing comfortable position, and the visual experience is improved.

In some embodiments, the first light processing section 300 includes: a first grating 310 for diffracting the projection beam.

Wherein the first grating 310 may be disposed on an inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 facing the optical engine 200; alternatively, the first grating 310 may be disposed on a surface of the optical bench 200 facing the waveguide assembly 100; still alternatively, it may be disposed between the optical bench 200 and the waveguide assembly 100 with a gap from both the optical bench 200 and the waveguide assembly 100.

The first grating 310 is an optical device formed of a large number of parallel slits having an equal width and an equal pitch, and may be a diffraction grating capable of diffracting a light beam, and the propagation direction of the projection light beam may be changed by diffraction of the first grating 310, thereby adjusting the incident angle of the projection light beam when it is incident on the waveguide assembly 100.

In some embodiments, the first light processing part 300 may further include: the first grating 310 is disposed on a side of the first carrier 320 facing the waveguide assembly 100.

The first carrier 320 may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, and the first carrier 320 may be disposed between the waveguide assembly 100 and the optical machine 200, and the first grating 310 may be disposed on the surface of the first carrier 320 through a common process, such as etching, plating, and the like.

The first grating 310 is disposed on the side of the first carrier 320 facing the waveguide assembly 100, so that the first grating 310 faces the display module, and the first grating 310 can be protected.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the display module may further include: the second light processing unit 400, the second light processing unit 400 and the first light processing unit 300 are located on the same side of the waveguide assembly 100, and the second light processing unit 400 is configured to change the propagation direction of the projection beam emitted from the waveguide assembly 100 to the eye 700, so that the central beam 210 of the projection beam incident on the eye 700 is parallel to the central beam 210 of the projection beam emitted from the optical machine 200. The second light processing portion 400 may be located between the waveguide assembly 100 and the eye 700, it may be understood that when the projection beam exits from the waveguide assembly 100, the projection beam may be incident on the second light processing portion 400, and the second light processing portion 400 may change a propagation direction of the projection beam after exiting from the waveguide assembly 100, so that the central beam 210 of the projection beam after exiting from the second light processing portion 400 may be incident on the eye 700 along a line of sight direction a when a user is looking, so that the imaging frame 600 that the user sees is located right in front of the line of sight of the user.

It will be appreciated that in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, only by disposing the first light processing portion 300 such that the central light beam 210 of the projection light beam incident on the eye portion 700 through the waveguide assembly 100 coincides with the line of sight a direction a when the user is looking, whereas in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the central light beam 210 of the projection light beam transmitted through the display module and capable of being incident on the eye portion 700 along the line of sight of the user is interpreted as having the first light processing portion 300 and the second light processing portion 400 disposed such that the central light beam 210 of the projection light beam finally incident on the eye portion 700 after changing the propagation direction through the first light processing portion 300 and the second light processing portion 400 coincides with the line of sight a when the user is looking.

In addition, the second light processing unit 400 can also make the central beam 210 of the projection beam incident on the eye 700 parallel to the central beam 210 of the projection beam emitted from the optical machine 200, that is, the direction of the return beam, so that the direction of the central beam 210 of the projection beam emitted from the second light processing unit 400 coincides with the direction of the central beam 210 of the projection beam emitted from the optical machine 200, that is, the central beam 210 of the projection beam emitted from the optical machine 200 is parallel to the viewing direction a of the user when viewing.

As shown in fig. 3, taking the case that the projection beam is directly incident on the waveguide assembly along the normal direction of the waveguide assembly 100 as an example, after the first light processing portion 300 is disposed, the central beam 210 of the projection beam can be directly incident on the waveguide assembly 100 along the normal direction of the waveguide assembly 100, so that the central beam 210 of the projection beam exiting from the waveguide assembly 100 also exits along the normal direction of the waveguide assembly 100, if the projection beam after exiting the waveguide assembly 100 is directly incident on the eye 700, a certain angle is formed between the central beam 210 of the projection beam incident on the eye 700 and the line of sight a of the user when the user is looking at the eye 700, and the imaging screen 600 viewed by the user is not located directly in front of the line of sight of the user, and by disposing the second light processing portion 400, the propagation direction of the projection beam incident on the eye 700 can be changed, so that the central beam 210 of the projection beam after exiting can be incident on the eye 700 along the line of sight a direction of the user when the user is looking at the eye 700, and the imaging screen 600 still located directly in front of the line of sight of the user.

In addition, when the first light processing unit 300 is the first grating 310 capable of diffracting the light beam, due to the inherent property of diffraction, the incident light beam may cause adverse phenomena such as dispersion and distortion after passing through the first grating 310, and the second light processing unit 310 may restore the light beam direction (that is, the direction of the incident light beam entering the first light processing unit 300 and the direction of the incident light beam exiting the second light processing unit 400 are parallel), and may reduce adverse phenomena such as dispersion and distortion caused by the first grating 310.

In addition, the second light processing section 400 may be implemented in various ways, for example, it may include a refractive element through which a light beam passes, a propagation direction of the light beam may be changed by refraction of the light, and so on. In some embodiments, the second light processing part 400 may include: a second grating 410 for diffracting the projection beam.

Wherein the second grating 410 may be disposed on an inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 facing the eye 700; alternatively, it may be provided at a preset interval of the waveguide assembly 100.

The second grating 410 is an optical device formed of a large number of parallel slits having equal widths and equal intervals, and may be a diffraction grating capable of diffracting light beams, and the propagation direction of the projection light beam emitted from the waveguide assembly 100 may be changed by diffraction of the second grating 410, so that the central light beam 210 of the projection light beam may be incident on the eye 700 in the line of sight direction a when the user is looking.

In some embodiments, the grating period of the second grating 410 is the same as the grating period of the first grating 310, and the grating order of the second grating 410 is opposite to the grating order of the first grating 310.

The grating period and grating order are inherent properties of the grating, for example, the grating order of the first grating 310 is-1 and the grating order of the second grating 410 is 1. It can be understood that, due to the inherent property of diffraction, the projection beam may introduce adverse phenomena such as dispersion and distortion after passing through the first grating 310, and by simultaneously setting the first grating 310 and the second grating 410, the grating periods of the first grating 310 and the second grating 410 are the same, and the grating orders are opposite, not only the direction of the projection beam (i.e. the direction of the projection beam incident to the first grating 310 is parallel to the direction of the projection beam exiting from the second grating 410) can be restored, but also the adverse phenomena such as dispersion and distortion introduced by the first grating 310 can be eliminated.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, such as the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the adverse effects of chromatic dispersion, distortion, etc. introduced by the first grating 310 may also be eliminated by software compensation.

For ease of explanation, the process of coupling the projection beam from the optical engine 200 into the waveguide lens is shown in K-space, and as shown in fig. 3, the direction outward along the normal line of the waveguide assembly 100 is the positive direction of the Kz axis, the direction parallel to the waveguide assembly 100 and close to the eye 700 is the positive direction of the Kx axis, and the direction inward perpendicular to the paper surface is the positive direction of the Ky axis.

Fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of the position of the view field of the screen projected by the optical engine in fig. 3 in K-Space, and in fig. 4a, the circular outer circle represents the refractive index of the material of the waveguide assembly 100, the circular inner circle represents the refractive index of air, and the rectangle represents the view field of the screen projected by the optical engine 200. In addition, ko refers to a unit K vector, ko=2pi/wavelength of light; kic refers to the minimum K vector that the coupling grating needs to have when all pictures are coupled into the waveguide assembly 100, grating K vector = wavelength of light/grating period.

It will be appreciated that the rectangle in fig. 4a is not symmetrical about the Ky axis, since the central beam 210 of the projection beam used by the light engine 200 to form the projection screen is at an angle to the normal direction of the waveguide assembly 100.

Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of the position of the view field of the frame projected by the optical engine in fig. 3 in the K-Space after being coupled out by the first grating diffraction and waveguide assembly, and referring to fig. 4b, it can be understood that, since the central beam of the frame can be normally incident and normally emergent on the waveguide assembly 100 after passing through the first grating 310, the view field of the frame is symmetric about the Kx-axis and the Ky-axis in the K-Space.

Fig. 4c is a schematic diagram of the position of the view field of the frame projected by the optical engine in fig. 3 in K-Space after the first grating diffraction, the waveguide assembly coupling-out and the second grating diffraction, please refer to fig. 4c, in which the direction of the projected beam can be restored after passing through the second grating 410, and the rectangular position in fig. 4c can be restored to the position in fig. 4 a.

As can be seen from fig. 4a to 4c, when the central beam 210 of the projection beam is parallel to the straight ahead of the user's line of sight, after the projection beam is diffracted by the first grating 310, coupled out of the waveguide assembly 100, and diffracted by the second grating 410, the field of view position of the picture is restored to be directly ahead of the user's line of sight, and it can be appreciated that although the rectangle is asymmetric about the Ky axis in fig. 4c, this symmetry merely represents whether the field of view of the picture is offset with respect to the normal of the waveguide assembly 100, and not whether the final imaged picture 600 is symmetric with respect to the straight ahead of the user's line of sight.

It will be appreciated that the embodiments of fig. 3 and fig. 4a to 4c are illustrated with respect to the central beam 210 of the projection beam being incident on the waveguide assembly 100 in the normal direction of the waveguide assembly 100, and that the projection beam may be incident on the waveguide assembly 100 in other directions in other embodiments, without limitation.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the second grating 410 extends in a planar direction as an integral region. I.e. a number of equally wide equally spaced parallel slits are evenly distributed across the second grating 410.

In other embodiments, the second grating 410 includes a plurality of second sub-grating regions arranged at a first predetermined regular interval.

The first preset rule may be an array arrangement or a radial arrangement rule, and the first preset rule may be an equidistant arrangement or an unequal interval arrangement. It will be appreciated that each second sub-grating region may comprise a number of equally wide equally spaced parallel slits. The interval between the adjacent two second sub-grating regions may be greater than the interval between the adjacent two parallel slits, thereby forming a plurality of sets of second sub-grating regions arranged in the second grating 410.

The shapes of the two second gratings 410 can restore the beam direction, and reduce the adverse phenomena such as dispersion and distortion introduced by the first grating 310.

In some embodiments, the second light processing section 400 further includes: the second grating 410 is disposed on a side of the second carrier 420 facing the waveguide assembly 100.

The second carrier 420 may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, and the second carrier 420 may be disposed between the waveguide assembly 100 and the eye 700, and the second grating 410 may be disposed on the surface of the second carrier 420 through a common process, such as etching, plating, and the like.

The second grating 410 is disposed on the side of the second carrier 420 facing the waveguide assembly 100, so that the second grating 410 faces the display module, and the second grating 410 can be protected.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 5, the display module may further include: the third light processing part 500, the third light processing part 500 is located at a side of the waveguide assembly 100 away from the second light processing part 400, and the third light processing part 500 is configured to process the real world light beam 800 so that a propagation direction of the real world light beam 800 emitted through the display module is consistent with a propagation direction of the real world light beam 800 when the real world light beam enters the display module.

Wherein the real world light beam 800 may be a light beam in an external real environment, receiving the real world light beam 800 through the eye 700 may enable a user to view a real world scene. It can be understood that if the real world light beam 800 is directly incident from the outside of the waveguide assembly 100 and is diffracted by the waveguide assembly 100 and the second light processing portion 400, the real world light beam 800 may be diffracted by the second grating 410 to change the propagation direction, so that the image seen by the human eye has chromatic aberration and deformation, and the third light processing portion 500 may be disposed on the outside of the waveguide assembly 100 away from the eye 700, so as to restore the propagation direction of the real world light beam 800 after passing through the display module, thereby reducing the chromatic aberration and deformation of the image seen by the human eye and improving the quality of the image seen by the human eye.

The third light processing section 500 may be implemented in various ways, for example, it may include a refractive element through which a light beam passes, the propagation direction of the light beam may be changed by refraction of the light, and so on.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the third light processing section 500 includes: third grating 510, third grating 510 is configured to diffract real-world light beam 800 to change the propagation direction of real-world light beam 800.

Wherein the third grating 510 may be disposed on an outer surface of the waveguide assembly 100 facing away from the eye 700; alternatively, it may be provided at a preset interval outside the waveguide assembly 100.

The third grating 510 is an optical device composed of a large number of equally-spaced parallel slits, and may be a diffraction grating capable of diffracting a light beam, and diffraction by the third grating 510 may restore the propagation direction of the real-world light beam 800 emitted from the second grating 410 to be parallel to the propagation direction when it is incident on the third grating 510.

As shown in fig. 5, after the real world light beam 800 enters the third grating 510, the propagation direction of the real world light beam 800 changes and enters the waveguide assembly 100, and enters the second grating 410 after passing through the waveguide assembly 100, and the propagation direction is changed again under the action of the second grating 410, so that the direction of the finally exiting second grating 410 and the direction of the finally exiting third grating 510 are parallel to each other, that is, the propagation direction of the real world light beam 800 exiting through the display module is consistent with the propagation direction of the real world light beam 800 when entering the display module, thereby reducing chromatic aberration and deformation of the image seen by human eyes and improving the quality of the image seen by human eyes.

In some embodiments, the grating period of the third grating 510 is the same as the grating period of the second grating 410, and the grating order of the third grating 510 is the same as the grating order of the second grating 410, e.g., the grating order of the second grating 410 is 1, and the grating order of the third grating 510 is 1. The real world light beam 800 is diffracted by the third grating 510 to generate chromatic aberration and deformation, and the light beam passes through the second grating 410 to generate chromatic aberration and deformation which are mutually compensated with the third grating 510, so that chromatic aberration and deformation generated when the real world light beam 800 passes through the second grating 410 or the third grating 510 independently are eliminated.

In addition, the shape of the third grating 510 may be varied, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the third grating 510 extends as a whole in the planar direction, and the orthographic projection of the third grating 510 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 facing the second grating 410 coincides with the orthographic projection of the second grating 410 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100.

It will be appreciated that a plurality of equally wide equally spaced parallel slits are evenly distributed across the third grating 510. In fig. 5, since the orthographic projection of the third grating 510 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 coincides with the orthographic projection of the second grating 410 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100, when the third grating 510 is the entire area, the second grating 410 is also the entire area corresponding thereto.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, the third grating 510 includes a plurality of third sub-grating regions 511, the plurality of third sub-grating regions 511 are arranged at a first predetermined regular interval, and an orthographic projection of the third grating 510 on an inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 facing the second grating 410 coincides with an orthographic projection of the second grating 410 on an inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100.

Similarly, since the orthographic projection of the third grating 510 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 coincides with the orthographic projection of the second grating 410 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100, when the third grating 510 includes a plurality of third sub-grating regions 511, the second grating 410 may also include a plurality of second sub-grating regions 411, and the arrangement rule of the second sub-grating regions 411 is the same as that of the third sub-grating regions 511, that is, the plurality of second sub-grating regions 411 in the second grating 410 may be respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of third sub-grating regions 511 in the third grating 510.

It will be appreciated that each third sub-grating region 511 may comprise a number of equally wide equally spaced parallel slits. The interval between the adjacent two third sub-grating regions 511 may be greater than the interval between the adjacent two parallel slits, thereby forming a plurality of sets of third sub-grating regions 511 arranged in the third grating 510.

The first preset rule may be an array arrangement or a radial arrangement rule, and the first preset rule may be an equal interval arrangement or an unequal interval arrangement.

Both of the above shapes of the third grating 510 can eliminate chromatic aberration and distortion generated when the real world light beam 800 passes through the second grating 410 or the third grating 510 alone.

In some embodiments, the third light processing section 500 further includes: the third carrier 530, the third grating 510 is disposed on a side of the third carrier 530 facing the waveguide assembly 100.

The third carrier 530 may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, etc., the third carrier 530 may be disposed outside the waveguide assembly 100, and the third grating 510 may be disposed on the surface of the third carrier 530 through a common process, such as etching, plating, etc.

The third grating 510 is disposed on the side of the third carrier 530 facing the waveguide assembly 100, so that the third carrier 530 faces the display module, and the third grating 510 can be protected.

With continued reference to fig. 6, in this embodiment, in addition to the second grating 410 and the third grating 510 being correspondingly disposed, the second grating 410 and the coupling-out grating 120 may be correspondingly disposed, that is, the front projections of the two on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 may coincide, the coupling-out grating 120 may include a plurality of coupling-out sub-grating regions 121, and the plurality of coupling-out sub-grating regions 121 may be arranged at intervals, that is, the coupling-out grating 120 has a discontinuous structure with intervals, so that the projection light beams coupled out by the coupling-out grating 120 may be diffracted by the second light processing portion 400, thereby improving the effect of the imaging frame 600.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, a third light processing portion 500 includes: the light shielding body 520, the light shielding body 520 is used for shielding the real world light beam 800 emitted to the second light processing section 400.

It is understood that the light shielding body 520 may have a light-tight structure such as a black coating, and when the light beam is incident on the light shielding body 520, the light beam may be absorbed by the light shielding body 520 and cannot pass through the light shielding body 520. The light shielding body 520 may be directly provided to the outer surface of the waveguide assembly 100 by plating or bonding, or a special carrier plate such as a glass sheet, a plastic sheet, or the like may be provided to provide the light shielding body 520.

The light shielding body 520 may shield a portion of the real world light beam 800, thereby shielding the real world light beam 800 incident to the second grating 410, thereby improving chromatic aberration and distortion of an image seen by human eyes.

In some embodiments, the light shielding body 520 includes a plurality of light shielding regions 521, the plurality of light shielding regions 521 are arranged at a first predetermined regular interval, and an orthographic projection of the light shielding body 520 on an inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 facing the second grating 410 coincides with an orthographic projection of the second grating 410 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100.

Each of the light shielding regions 521 may be an opaque region, and a plurality of light shielding regions 521 are spaced apart from each other, so that a portion of the real environment beam 800 may still pass through the display module and be received by the eye 700.

In this embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 7, the second grating 410 may also include a plurality of second sub-grating regions 411, where the arrangement rule of the second sub-grating regions 411 is the same as the arrangement rule of the light-shielding regions 521, and the plurality of second sub-grating regions 411 in the second grating 410 may be respectively disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light-shielding regions 521 in the light-shielding body 520, that is, the orthographic projection of the outer contour of each light-shielding region 521 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 coincides with the orthographic projection of the outer contour of one second sub-grating region 411 on the inner surface.

In addition, as shown in fig. 7, the second grating 410 and the out-coupling grating 120 may be disposed correspondingly, that is, the front projections of the two on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 may coincide, the out-coupling grating 120 may include a plurality of out-coupling sub-grating regions 121, and the plurality of out-coupling sub-grating regions 121 may be arranged at intervals, that is, the out-coupling grating 120 is a discontinuous structure with intervals, so that the projection light beams coupled out by the out-coupling grating 120 may be diffracted by the second light processing portion 400, thereby improving the effect of the imaging frame 600.

Since the front projections of the second grating 410 and the light shielding body 520 on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly 100 coincide, the light shielding body 520 and the coupling-out grating 120 are correspondingly disposed, and after the real environment light beam 800 passes through the intervals between the plurality of light shielding areas 521, the intervals between the plurality of coupling-out sub-grating areas 121 and the intervals between the plurality of second sub-grating areas 411 can be correspondingly passed, so that the real environment light beam 800 can pass through the smooth surface area (i.e. the positions where the second sub-grating areas and the coupling-out sub-grating areas are not disposed) in the display module, and further reduce chromatic aberration, distortion, etc. of the image seen by the user.

As shown in fig. 7, a part of the real world light beam 800 that can be incident on the second sub-grating area 411 is incident on the light shielding area 521 and is absorbed, and a part of the real world light beam 800 that can be incident on the eye 700 from the interval between two adjacent second sub-grating areas 411 can also pass through the interval between two adjacent light shielding areas 521, so that a user can see a real world image, and the light beam forming the image is not diffracted by the second grating 410, so that the image quality is better.

Based on the above embodiment, the waveguide assembly 100 includes: an optical waveguide 110 and a coupling-out grating 120 provided on an inner surface of the optical waveguide 110 facing the second light processing section 400; the first orthographic projection of the second light processing section 400 on the inner surface of the light guide 110 covers the second orthographic projection of the coupling-out grating 120 on the inner surface of the light guide 110.

Wherein the out-coupling grating 120 may extend in a planar direction as a unitary area, for example in embodiments where the second grating 410 is a unitary area.

Alternatively, the out-coupling grating 120 may include a plurality of out-coupling sub-grating regions 121, and the plurality of out-coupling sub-grating regions 121 are arranged at a second predetermined regular interval, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 6 or 7.

The second preset rule may be an array arrangement or a radial arrangement rule, etc., which may be equally spaced or non-equally spaced. In addition, the second preset rule may be the same as the first preset rule or may be different from the first preset rule, and only the first orthographic projection is required to be satisfied to cover the second orthographic projection.

In this embodiment, the projection light beams coupled out by the coupling-out grating 120 can be diffracted by the second light processing unit 400, so that adverse phenomena such as chromatic dispersion and distortion introduced by the first grating 310 can be better eliminated.

Of course, the waveguide assembly 100 may also include an incoupling grating disposed on an inner surface of the optical waveguide 110 opposite the first grating 310.

In some embodiments, implementations in which the first orthographic projection overlaps the second orthographic projection may include, for example, the first orthographic projection overlapping the second orthographic projection; alternatively, the second orthographic projection is located within the first orthographic projection, and the area of the first orthographic projection is larger than the area of the second orthographic projection.

It will be appreciated that if the second light processing section 400 is configured in a discontinuous structure as shown in fig. 6 or 7, the coupling-out grating 120 also needs to be configured in a corresponding discontinuous structure. If the second light processing portion 400 is configured as a continuous structure as shown in fig. 5, the coupling-out grating 120 may be configured as a continuous structure or a discontinuous structure, so that the projection light beams coupled out by the coupling-out grating 120 may be diffracted by the second light processing portion 400, thereby improving the effect of the imaging frame 600.

The embodiment of the application also provides a display device, which comprises: at least one display module. The structure and function of the display module are the same as those of the above embodiments, and specific reference may be made to the above embodiments.

According to the display device provided by the embodiment, the first light processing part 300 is arranged between the waveguide assembly 100 and the optical machine 200 of the display module, and the first light processing part 300 is used for changing the propagation direction of the projection light beam emitted to the waveguide assembly 100 by the optical machine 200, so that the central light beam 210 of the projection light beam can be incident to eyes along the line-of-sight direction A when a user looks forward, the positions of the waveguide assembly 100 and the optical machine 200 can be adjusted to a state of wearing comfort, and meanwhile, the imaging picture 600 can be positioned right in front of the eyes 700 of the user, thereby improving the display effect of the display module and improving the visual experience.

It can be appreciated that the number of the display modules can be set according to the requirement, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 8, in some embodiments, the display device includes two display modules, which are symmetrically arranged about a preset plane B, so that two light machines 200 of the two display modules are respectively located at two sides of a head of a user.

The preset plane B may be a longitudinal middle axis surface of the display device, and may be a symmetry plane between the left eye and the right eye of the user when the display device is worn on the head of the user.

By arranging two display modules, the two waveguide assemblies 100 can be respectively positioned in front of the left and right eyes of the user, and the two optical machines 200 can be respectively positioned at two sides of the temple of the user, so that imaging pictures 600 are formed in front of the left and right eyes of the user, the display effect of the display device is improved, and binocular display is realized.

In some embodiments, the display device includes an augmented reality apparatus having a wearing piece connected with the display module, and the wearing piece is for wearing the display module on the head of the user.

The wearing piece can be in a structure such as a binding band and a glasses frame, and can help a user to fix the display device on the head, so that hands can be liberated, and the convenience of use is improved.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.

Claims (20)

1. A display module, comprising:

the optical machine is used for emitting a projection beam;

the optical machine is positioned on one side of the waveguide assembly, and the waveguide assembly is used for transmitting the projection light beam so that the projection light beam can be incident to eyes of a user; and

the first light processing part is positioned between the optical machine and the waveguide assembly and is used for changing the propagation direction of the projection light beam emitted to the waveguide assembly by the optical machine, and the central light beam of the projection light beam can be incident to the eyes along the line-of-sight direction when the user looks at after being transmitted by the display module;

Wherein the central beam is a parallel beam located on the central line of the projection beam.

2. The display module assembly of claim 1, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the first light processing section includes: a first grating for diffracting the projection beam.

3. The display module assembly of claim 2, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the first light processing section further includes: the first grating is arranged on one side of the first carrier plate, which faces the waveguide assembly.

4. The display module of claim 2, further comprising:

the second light processing part is positioned on the same side of the waveguide assembly, and is used for changing the propagation direction of the projection light beam emitted to the eye by the waveguide assembly so that the central light beam of the projection light beam incident to the eye is parallel to the central light beam of the projection light beam emitted by the optical machine.

5. The display module assembly of claim 4, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the second light processing section includes: and a second grating for diffracting the projection beam.

6. The display module assembly of claim 5, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

The grating period of the second grating is the same as the grating period of the first grating, and the grating order of the second grating is opposite to the grating order of the first grating.

7. The display module assembly of claim 5, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the second grating comprises a plurality of second sub-grating areas which are arranged at a first preset regular interval; alternatively, the second grating extends in a planar direction as a unitary region.

8. The display module assembly of claim 5, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the second light processing section further includes: the second grating is arranged on one side of the second carrier plate, which faces the waveguide assembly.

9. The display module of any one of claims 5-8, further comprising:

and the third light processing part is positioned at one side of the waveguide assembly, which is away from the second light processing part, and is used for processing the real world light beam so as to ensure that the propagation direction of the real world light beam emitted by the display module is consistent with the propagation direction of the real world light beam when the real world light beam enters the display module.

10. The display module assembly of claim 9, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the third light processing section includes: and a third grating for diffracting the real world light beam to change a propagation direction of the real world light beam.

11. The display module of claim 10, wherein the third grating has a same grating period as the second grating and a same grating order as the second grating.

12. The display module assembly of claim 10, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the third grating comprises a plurality of third sub-grating areas which are arranged at a first preset regular interval or extend into a whole area along the plane direction;

and the orthographic projection of the third grating on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly facing the second grating coincides with the orthographic projection of the second grating on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly.

13. The display module of claim 10, wherein the third light processing section further comprises: and the third grating is arranged on one side of the third carrier facing the waveguide assembly.

14. The display module of claim 9, wherein the third light processing section comprises: and a light shielding body for shielding the real world light beam emitted to the second light processing section.

15. The display module assembly of claim 14, wherein the display module assembly comprises,

the shading body comprises a plurality of shading areas, the plurality of shading areas are arranged at a first preset regular interval, and the orthographic projection of the shading body on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly facing the second grating coincides with the orthographic projection of the second grating on the inner surface of the waveguide assembly.

16. The display module assembly of any one of claims 4-8, wherein,

the waveguide assembly includes: an optical waveguide and a coupling-out grating provided on an inner surface of the optical waveguide facing the second light processing section; a first orthographic projection of the second light processing part on the inner surface of the optical waveguide covers a second orthographic projection of the coupling-out grating on the inner surface of the optical waveguide;

the coupling-out grating comprises a plurality of coupling-out sub-grating areas, and the coupling-out sub-grating areas are arranged at second preset regular intervals, or the coupling-out grating extends into a whole area along the plane direction.

17. The display module of claim 16, wherein the first orthographic projection coincides with the second orthographic projection; or,

the second orthographic projection is positioned in the first orthographic projection, and the area of the first orthographic projection is larger than that of the second orthographic projection.

18. A display device, comprising: at least one display module according to any one of claims 1-17.

19. The display device of claim 18, wherein the display device comprises two display modules, and the two display modules are symmetrically arranged about a predetermined plane, so that two light machines of the two display modules are respectively located at two sides of a user's head.

20. The display device of claim 18, comprising an augmented reality apparatus having a wearing piece, the wearing piece being connected with the display module, and the wearing piece being for wearing the display module on a head of a user.