CN117631061A - Small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method, system, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method, system, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 122
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method, a system, equipment and a medium, which relate to the technical field of electromagnetic detection, and the method comprises the following steps: respectively acquiring transient electromagnetic response data vectors of a plurality of measuring points on a target area by adopting a small loop device; calculating a transient electromagnetic response mean value vector of the target area according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point; based on the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector, carrying out outlier processing on transient electromagnetic response data vectors of all the measuring points; and imaging according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the outlier processing. The invention improves the imaging stability and objectivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic detection, in particular to a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method, a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging system, small loop transient electromagnetic imaging equipment and a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging medium.
Background
In application scenes such as advanced prediction of tunnels (roadways), aviation transient electromagnetic measurement, water transient electromagnetic measurement, non-explosive detection and the like, small loop devices are often used for carrying out transient electromagnetic measurement due to limitations of construction space or detection targets. A small loop emission source with the size ranging from the sub-meter level to the ten-meter level is generally adopted, a steady magnetic field is established in a detection area, then the field source is turned off instantaneously, and a secondary field changing with time is induced in an underground medium according to the law of electromagnetic induction. And observing and analyzing the induced transient electromagnetic secondary field, and deducing the underground target body and the electrical distribution. Compared with large-size loop source transient electromagnetism, the small-loop transient electromagnetism method has the advantages of smaller volume effect, higher working efficiency, stronger adaptability and the like.
The space distance between the transmitting loop and the receiving coil of the small loop transient electromagnetic method is short, and the transmitting magnetic dipole moment is often required to be increased by a method of increasing the number of turns of the loop, so that the detection depth is increased, the anti-interference capability is improved, and therefore the self-inductance and mutual inductance influence of the coil are more prominent. At present, after transient electromagnetic response is obtained, transient electromagnetic response data are generally converted through inversion or apparent resistivity definition and other modes, so that imaging of a geoelectric structure is realized. The loop self-inductance and mutual inductance effects often cause serious distortion of the transient electromagnetic method measurement signals, and cause misinterpretation far away from normal values. The current main treatment methods for this problem include two types. The first is to correct transient electromagnetic data or imaging results by linear coefficients to approximate them to normal values. Such methods do not address the distortion effects of self inductance and mutual inductance on transient electromagnetic responses, simply by making the data look normal from the surface, essentially only an equal-proportion projection of the distorted data, and still fall within the category of misinterpretation. The second method is to correct transient electromagnetic data directly, eliminate inductance effect in a subtraction mode based on background response of the working area, then to correct the data in a nonlinear way, and finally to interpret a correction curve conforming to the knowledge of the working area according to the normal data processing flow. The method has the defects that the inductance effect is often far greater than the secondary field, the calculation accuracy of the inductance effect seriously affects the correction result, the effect of nonlinear correction is greatly dependent on experience, the data change is large, and the interpretation result is high in subjectivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method, a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging system, small loop transient electromagnetic imaging equipment and a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging medium, so that imaging accuracy is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method comprising:
respectively acquiring transient electromagnetic response data vectors of a plurality of measuring points on a target area by adopting a small loop device;
calculating a transient electromagnetic response mean value vector of the target area according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point;
based on the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector, carrying out outlier processing on transient electromagnetic response data vectors of all the measuring points;
and imaging according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the outlier processing.
Optionally, based on the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector, performing outlier processing on the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point, which specifically includes:
calculating the mean square error of the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point according to the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector;
according to the mean square error of the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector and the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point, carrying out outlier processing on the data on each time channel of each measuring point: and if the difference between the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point and the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector is more than 3 times that of the data on the kth time channel in the mean square error, the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point is taken as the average value of the data on the kth-1 time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point and the data on the kth+1 time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point, and k is a positive integer more than 1.
Optionally, imaging is performed according to transient electromagnetic response data vectors of each measuring point after outlier processing, which specifically comprises:
calculating the pseudo resistivity and the pseudo depth of each time channel of the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the abnormal value processing according to the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector;
and obtaining a pseudo-resistivity-pseudo-depth profile according to the pseudo-resistivity and the pseudo-depth of each measuring point in each time channel.
Alternatively, the pseudo resistivity is expressed as:
；
wherein,pseudo-resistivity, which represents the kth time trace of the ith measurement point, +.>Representing imaging base value, +.>Showing data on the kth time trace in the transient electromagnetic response mean vector,/for each time trace>Representing the data on the kth time trace in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point.
Optionally, the pseudo depth is expressed as:
；
wherein,a pseudo-depth representing the kth time trace of the ith measurement point,/>And t (k) represents the time corresponding to the kth time track.
Optionally, the transient electromagnetic response mean vector is expressed as:
；
wherein,representing the transient electromagnetic response mean vector, < >>The transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point is represented, and n represents the number of measuring points.
The invention discloses a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging system, which comprises:
the transient electromagnetic response data acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring transient electromagnetic response data vectors of a plurality of measuring points on the target area by adopting a small loop device;
the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector calculation module is used for calculating the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector of the target area according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point;
the abnormal value processing module is used for carrying out abnormal value processing on the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point based on the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector;
and the imaging module is used for imaging according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the abnormal value processing.
The invention discloses an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the processor runs the computer program to enable the electronic device to execute the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method.
The invention discloses a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method described above by a processor.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point is subjected to outlier processing based on the transient electromagnetic response mean vector; imaging is carried out according to transient electromagnetic response data vectors of all measuring points after abnormal value processing, the problem that transient electromagnetic data is distorted due to self-inductance and mutual inductance effects of small loop transient electromagnetic is effectively solved, and rapid and accurate imaging of the small loop transient electromagnetic data is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an underground buried iron pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of measured transient electromagnetic response data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a typical attenuation curve of an actual transient electromagnetic response provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a measured transient electromagnetic response mean value provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging section based on a data average value according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method, a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging system, small loop transient electromagnetic imaging equipment and a small loop transient electromagnetic imaging medium, and imaging accuracy is improved.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.
Step 101: and respectively acquiring transient electromagnetic response data vectors of a plurality of measuring points on the target area by adopting a small loop device.
Step 102: and calculating a transient electromagnetic response mean value vector of the target area according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point.
Step 103: and carrying out outlier processing on the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point based on the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector.
Step 104: and imaging according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the outlier processing.
The step 101 specifically includes:
in a designed working area (target area), a plurality of measuring points are arranged in the target area according to working arrangement, transient electromagnetic measurement is carried out on each measuring point by adopting a small loop device, and transient electromagnetic response data vectors of each measuring point are obtained，/>，……，(magnetic induction or decay voltage).
The transient electromagnetic response mean vector is expressed as:
；
wherein,representing the transient electromagnetic response mean vector, < >>The transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point is represented, and n represents the number of measuring points.
Step 103 specifically includes:
and calculating the mean square error of the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point according to the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector.
The mean square error is expressed as:
；
wherein M represents a mean square error, and data flying spot (outlier) removal is performed according to the mean square error.
According to the mean square error of the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector and the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point, carrying out outlier processing on the data on each time channel of each measuring point: and if the difference between the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point and the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector is more than 3 times that of the data on the kth time channel in the mean square error, the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point is taken as the average value of the data on the kth-1 time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point and the data on the kth+1 time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point, and k is a positive integer more than 1.
I.e. ifGet +.>。
Wherein,data on the kth time trace in the mean vector representing the transient electromagnetic response,/for the transient electromagnetic response>Data on the kth time lane in the transient electromagnetic response data vector representing the ith measurement point,/>And representing data on a kth time channel in the mean square error, wherein i is a positive integer greater than 0.
Step 104 specifically includes:
and calculating the pseudo-resistivity and the pseudo-depth of each time channel of the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the abnormal value processing according to the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector.
And obtaining a pseudo-resistivity-pseudo-depth profile according to the pseudo-resistivity and the pseudo-depth of each measuring point in each time channel.
The pseudo-resistivity is expressed as:
。
wherein,pseudo-resistivity, which represents the kth time trace of the ith measurement point, +.>Representing imaging base value, +.>The value is 100 @, @>Data on the kth time trace in the mean vector representing the transient electromagnetic response,/for the transient electromagnetic response>Representing the data on the kth time trace in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point.
The pseudo depth is expressed as:
。
wherein,a pseudo-depth representing the kth time trace of the ith measurement point,/>And t (k) represents the time corresponding to the kth time track.
A small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method of the present embodiment is described below with a specific example.
For an iron pipe (figure 2) buried underground, a transmitting loop with the side length of 1 m multiplied by 1 m is adopted, the transmitting current is 8 amperes, 21 measuring points are measured according to the 0.5 m point distance, the section length is 10 m, a multi-measuring curve (figure 3) of different measuring points and a typical attenuation curve (figure 4) of a typical measuring point are drawn, in figure 3, (a) is a curve of a 1 st to 8 th time channel, (b) is a curve of a 9 th to 16 th time channel, (c) is a curve of a 17 th to 24 th time channel, and (d) is a curve of a 25 th to 32 th time channel, and the measured data has typical distortion characteristics of small loop transient electromagnetic data.
Calculating the average response of transient electromagnetic response of all measuring points on the measuring line. As shown in FIG. 5, will +.>As a mean value of transient electromagnetic response data.
A simulated resistivity-simulated depth section drawn by the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method is shown in fig. 6, an abscissa in the simulated resistivity-simulated depth section is a measuring point number, an ordinate is a simulated depth value, the simulated depth value corresponds to a simulated resistivity value, and the simulated resistivity value is expressed in different gray scales. As can be seen by comparing with the actual ground electricity condition, the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method based on the data mean value can completely, continuously and accurately reflect the electrical change trend of the ground and the existence of underground abnormal bodies.
According to the invention, on the premise of not directly changing the original transient electromagnetic response, the quick imaging of the small loop source transient electromagnetic data is realized, subjectivity in the imaging of the small loop transient electromagnetic data is avoided, the imaging result is ensured to depend on the original data only, artificial experience is not relied on, and the existence and electrical distribution characteristics of an underground target body can be objectively, uniquely, stably and effectively reflected.
The small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method provided by the invention is simultaneously suitable for magnetic induction intensity and attenuation voltage response, the imaging process is irrelevant to device coefficients, and the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method is suitable for air, ground and water and has good universality.
Example 2
The small loop transient electromagnetic imaging system provided in this embodiment includes:
and the transient electromagnetic response data acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring transient electromagnetic response data vectors of a plurality of measuring points on the target area by adopting the small loop device.
And the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector calculation module is used for calculating the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector of the target area according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point.
And the outlier processing module is used for carrying out outlier processing on the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point based on the transient electromagnetic response mean vector.
And the imaging module is used for imaging according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the abnormal value processing.
Example 3
An electronic device provided in this embodiment includes a memory and a processor, where the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to cause the electronic device to execute the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method described in embodiment 1.
The present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that is executed by a processor to perform the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method described in embodiment 1.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method, comprising:
respectively acquiring transient electromagnetic response data vectors of a plurality of measuring points on a target area by adopting a small loop device;
calculating a transient electromagnetic response mean value vector of the target area according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point;
based on the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector, carrying out outlier processing on transient electromagnetic response data vectors of all the measuring points;
and imaging according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the outlier processing.
2. The small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method of claim 1, wherein the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point is subjected to outlier processing based on the transient electromagnetic response mean vector, and specifically comprises:
calculating the mean square error of the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point according to the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector;
according to the mean square error of the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector and the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point, carrying out outlier processing on the data on each time channel of each measuring point: and if the difference between the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point and the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector is more than 3 times that of the data on the kth time channel in the mean square error, the data on the kth time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point is taken as the average value of the data on the kth-1 time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point and the data on the kth+1 time channel in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point, and k is a positive integer more than 1.
3. The small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method of claim 1, wherein imaging is performed according to transient electromagnetic response data vectors of each measuring point after outlier processing, and specifically comprising:
calculating the pseudo resistivity and the pseudo depth of each time channel of the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the abnormal value processing according to the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector;
and obtaining a pseudo-resistivity-pseudo-depth profile according to the pseudo-resistivity and the pseudo-depth of each measuring point in each time channel.
4. A small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method according to claim 3, characterized in that said pseudo-resistivity is expressed as:
；
wherein,representing the ith measuring pointQuasi-resistivity of k-time-trace, +.>Representing imaging base value, +.>Showing data on the kth time trace in the transient electromagnetic response mean vector,/for each time trace>Representing the data on the kth time trace in the transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point.
5. The small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method of claim 4, wherein said pseudo depth is expressed as:
；
wherein,a pseudo-depth representing the kth time trace of the ith measurement point,/>And t (k) represents the time corresponding to the kth time track.
6. The small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method of claim 1, wherein said transient electromagnetic response mean vector is represented as:
；
wherein,representing the transient electromagnetic response mean vector, < >>The transient electromagnetic response data vector of the ith measuring point is represented, and n represents the number of measuring points.
7. A small loop transient electromagnetic imaging system, comprising:
the transient electromagnetic response data acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring transient electromagnetic response data vectors of a plurality of measuring points on the target area by adopting a small loop device;
the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector calculation module is used for calculating the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector of the target area according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point;
the abnormal value processing module is used for carrying out abnormal value processing on the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point based on the transient electromagnetic response mean value vector;
and the imaging module is used for imaging according to the transient electromagnetic response data vector of each measuring point after the abnormal value processing.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor that runs the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the small loop transient electromagnetic imaging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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