CN117630319B - Big data-based water quality monitoring and early warning method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water quality monitoring and early warning method and system based on big data, which comprise a water quality information acquisition unit and a water quality information analysis unit, and relate to the technical field of water quality monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, in particular to a water quality monitoring and early warning method and system based on big data.
Background
In the monitoring management of water environment, how to monitor and early warn the water quality is significant.
According to the patent application number cn202310088669.X, the patent method comprises: acquiring water quality monitoring information through the big data, and determining environment monitoring data, image monitoring analysis data and sensing monitoring data; determining accident factors; determining an overhead event of water quality monitoring and early warning; constructing an accident tree; determining a data logic relationship, and fusing the data logic relationship into the accident tree; obtaining a minimal cut set of accident factor combinations and determining an accident basic event set; and constructing a minimum cut set principle early warning model based on the accident factor combined minimum cut set and the data logic relation with the overhead event, and carrying out early warning analysis on the real-time water quality monitoring information to obtain the water quality monitoring early warning information.
The patent monitors the water quality by establishing a model, but the patent does not analyze the water quality in the abnormal area well, and the data are analyzed singly by the model, so that the purpose of monitoring is achieved, and the abnormal area cannot be well positioned in the mode.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a water quality monitoring and early warning method and system based on big data, which solve the problems that the monitoring is carried out by a single model, the monitoring mode is single, and the abnormal area cannot be well determined.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a water quality monitoring early warning system based on big data, quality of water information acquisition unit for acquire the quality of water information of different sampling points, and transmit it to quality of water information analysis unit, wherein different sampling points are operating personnel and set up by oneself, place corresponding quality of water monitor through the interval certain distance and acquire quality of water information, quality of water monitor wherein includes: PH detector, phosphorus detector and oxygen dissolve the detector, and specific water quality information that obtains includes: pH, dissolved oxygen content, and phosphorus content.
The water quality information analysis unit is used for acquiring the transmitted water quality information of different sampling points, calculating water quality values of the different sampling points according to the water quality information, comparing the calculated water quality values with preset values to classify all the sampling points into important analysis sampling points and normal sampling points, transmitting the important analysis sampling point information to the important analysis unit, transmitting the normal sampling point information to the monitoring and early warning unit, and generating classification information in the following specific mode:
s1: all sampling points are obtained and marked as i, and i=1, 2, …, j, then the corresponding pH value, dissolved oxygen content and phosphorus content are obtained and marked as PHi, RYI and Pi respectively, and substituted into the formulaCalculating to obtain a water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point i, wherein a is a preset proportionality coefficient in a calculation formula;
s2: drawing a water quality map of the sampling point according to a water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point, transmitting the water quality map of the sampling point to an information output unit, drawing the sampling point according to the sequence corresponding to the sampling point, for example, drawing the water quality map according to the sequence from the upstream to the downstream when the sampling point is drawn, and simultaneously comparing the water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point with a preset value Qy, wherein the preset value Qy takes the value according to actual conditions, marking the sampling point as a key analysis sampling point when the value Qi is more than or equal to Qy, otherwise marking the sampling point as a normal analysis sampling point when the value Qi is less than Qy.
The key analysis unit is used for acquiring the transmitted key analysis sampling points and the information thereof, simultaneously acquiring the historical data transmitted by the historical data storage unit, and judging whether the water quality accident exists on the key analysis sampling points by combining the water quality accident in the historical data to obtain a judging result, wherein the judging result comprises: the accident sampling point and the safety sampling point are respectively analyzed to obtain analysis information, and the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of grading information, judging intervals and abnormal information, transmitting the judging intervals in the analysis information to a monitoring and early warning unit, transmitting the grading information and the abnormal information to an information output unit, and generating the analysis information in the following specific mode:
all the important analysis sampling points are acquired and marked as n, and n=1, 2, … and m, then the important analysis sampling points with water quality accidents are classified as accident sampling points and marked as k, and k=1, 2, … and l, the important analysis sampling points without water quality accidents are classified as safety sampling points g, and g=1, 2, … and e, and specific water quality accidents refer to serious pollution or water quality abnormality occurrence in a water body caused by various reasons, wherein the water quality accidents comprise industrial pollution accidents, agricultural pollution accidents, pollution accidents deposited for a long time and water quality accidents caused by natural disasters.
The analysis of the accident sampling points is as follows:
p1: acquiring all accident sampling points k, acquiring corresponding water quality values Qk, acquiring the maximum value and the minimum value of the water quality values Qk, generating a judging section according to the maximum value and the minimum value, and transmitting the judging section to a monitoring and early warning unit; specifically, the minimum value of the water quality value can be used as a criterion for judging whether water quality pollution exists.
P2: meanwhile, historical data corresponding to an accident sampling point k is obtained, wherein the historical data comprises a historical water quality value, the water quality value is the water quality value obtained by calculating the accident sampling point data last time, the water quality value Qk corresponding to the accident sampling point k is compared with a historical water quality value Qk1, when Qk is more than or equal to Qk1, the water quality value of the accident sampling point is indicated to have an ascending trend, a secondary analysis signal is generated, and otherwise, when Qk is less than Qk1, the water quality value of the accident sampling point is indicated to have a descending trend, and a normal monitoring signal is generated; the normal monitoring signal may be understood as marking the accident sampling point while outputting it to the information output unit, and the secondary analysis signal represents a secondary analysis of the accident sampling point having an upward trend.
P3: and acquiring an accident sampling point corresponding to the secondary analysis signal, acquiring specific data information with the rising water quality value, comparing the specific data information with corresponding judgment data to obtain corresponding rating information, and transmitting the rating information to an information output unit.
The analysis of the safe sampling points is as follows:
a1: acquiring all the safety sampling points g, selecting three safety sampling points, simultaneously acquiring corresponding water quality concentrations of the safety sampling points as D1, D2 and D3, wherein the specific water quality concentration is PPM, which is expressed by the percentage of the solute mass to the total solution mass, and then comparing the concentrations with normal concentration values Dz respectively; wherein D1, D2 and D3 are denoted as the first sampling point, the intermediate sampling point and the last sampling point, respectively, and the number of default safe sampling points g is singular.
A2: when D1, D2 and D3 are smaller than Dz, the water quality concentration of all sampling points is not out of standard, and a water quality normal signal is generated, otherwise, if the water quality concentration corresponding to any sampling point exceeds Dz, the water quality is abnormal, a water quality abnormal signal is generated, the generated water quality normal signal is not processed, and the generated water quality abnormal signal needs to be further analyzed;
a3: and then analyzing the generated water quality abnormality signals, determining corresponding pollution areas according to D1, D2 and D3, generating abnormality information, and transmitting the abnormality information to an information output unit.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention provides a water quality monitoring and early warning method and system based on big data. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, a plurality of sampling points are determined, sampling point data are obtained, then water quality values corresponding to different sampling points are calculated according to the data, the sampling points are classified by comparing the water quality values with normal values, whether secondary analysis is needed is judged by combining historical data aiming at important analysis sampling points, specific reasons of abnormality are analyzed aiming at the sampling points needing the secondary analysis, the analysis is carried out aiming at safe sampling points according to the concentration of the sampling points, and meanwhile, abnormal areas can be determined, so that subsequent treatment work can be facilitated, and finally, the normal sampling points carry out data monitoring and timely early warning according to the water quality values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides a water quality monitoring and early warning system based on big data, which includes: the system comprises a water quality information acquisition unit, a water quality information analysis unit, a key analysis unit, a monitoring and early warning unit, a historical data storage unit and an information output unit, wherein the units are electrically connected.
The water quality information acquisition unit is used for acquiring water quality information of different sampling points and transmitting the water quality information to the water quality information analysis unit, wherein the different sampling points are set by an operator, and corresponding water quality monitors are placed at certain intervals to acquire the water quality information, and the water quality monitors comprise: the PH detector, the phosphorus detector and the oxygen dissolution detector specifically obtain water quality information including: pH, dissolved oxygen content, and phosphorus content.
The water quality information analysis unit is used for acquiring the transmitted water quality information of different sampling points, calculating water quality values of the different sampling points according to the water quality information, comparing the calculated water quality values with preset values to classify all the sampling points into important analysis sampling points and normal sampling points, transmitting the important analysis sampling point information to the important analysis unit, transmitting the normal sampling point information to the monitoring and early warning unit, and generating classification information in the following specific mode:
s1: all sampling points are obtained and marked as i, and i=1, 2, …, j, then the corresponding sampling points are obtainedThe pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the phosphorus content are respectively designated as PHi, RYI and Pi, and are substituted into the formulaCalculating to obtain a water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point i, wherein a is a preset proportionality coefficient in a calculation formula;
s2: drawing a water quality map of the sampling point according to a water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point, transmitting the water quality map of the sampling point to an information output unit, drawing the sampling point according to the sequence corresponding to the sampling point, for example, drawing the water quality map according to the sequence from the upstream to the downstream when the sampling point is drawn, and simultaneously comparing the water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point with a preset value Qy, wherein the preset value Qy takes the value according to actual conditions, marking the sampling point as a key analysis sampling point when the value Qi is more than or equal to Qy, otherwise marking the sampling point as a normal analysis sampling point when the value Qi is less than Qy.
And combining actual analysis, if the calculated water quality values Qi are respectively 1.4, 2.6, 1.2 and 2.4, wherein a preset value is calculated according to actual conditions to obtain Qy=1.7, the water quality values are obtained after comparison, the corresponding sampling points 1.4 and 1.2 are lower than the preset value, the sampling points are marked as normal analysis sampling points, the water quality values of the rest sampling points exceed the preset value, the sampling points are marked as important analysis sampling points, the water quality at the current position is polluted after the water quality values exceed the preset value, and the preset value is a judging standard.
And the information output unit is used for acquiring the transmitted water quality map of the sampling point and displaying the water quality map to an operator through display equipment, wherein the display equipment can be a portable flat plate.
In the second embodiment, the present invention is implemented as the second embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that the water quality information analysis unit transmits information classified as the key analysis sampling point and the corresponding information thereof to the key analysis unit.
The key analysis unit is used for acquiring the transmitted key analysis sampling points and the information thereof, simultaneously acquiring the historical data transmitted by the historical data storage unit, and judging whether the water quality accident exists on the key analysis sampling points by combining the water quality accident in the historical data to obtain a judging result, wherein the judging result comprises: the accident sampling point and the safety sampling point are respectively analyzed to obtain analysis information, and the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of grading information, judging intervals and abnormal information, transmitting the judging intervals in the analysis information to a monitoring and early warning unit, transmitting the grading information and the abnormal information to an information output unit, and generating the analysis information in the following specific mode:
all the important analysis sampling points are acquired and marked as n, and n=1, 2, … and m, then the important analysis sampling points with water quality accidents are classified as accident sampling points and marked as k, and k=1, 2, … and l, the important analysis sampling points without water quality accidents are classified as safety sampling points g, and g=1, 2, … and e, and specific water quality accidents refer to serious pollution or water quality abnormality occurrence in a water body caused by various reasons, wherein the water quality accidents comprise industrial pollution accidents, agricultural pollution accidents, pollution accidents deposited for a long time and water quality accidents caused by natural disasters.
The analysis of the accident sampling points is as follows:
p1: acquiring all accident sampling points k, acquiring corresponding water quality values Qk, acquiring the maximum value and the minimum value of the water quality values Qk, generating a judging section according to the maximum value and the minimum value, and transmitting the judging section to a monitoring and early warning unit; specifically, the minimum value of the water quality value can be used as a criterion for judging whether water quality pollution exists.
P2: meanwhile, historical data corresponding to an accident sampling point k is obtained, wherein the historical data comprises a historical water quality value, the water quality value is the water quality value obtained by calculating the accident sampling point data last time, the water quality value Qk corresponding to the accident sampling point k is compared with a historical water quality value Qk1, when Qk is more than or equal to Qk1, the water quality value of the accident sampling point is indicated to have an ascending trend, a secondary analysis signal is generated, and otherwise, when Qk is less than Qk1, the water quality value of the accident sampling point is indicated to have a descending trend, and a normal monitoring signal is generated; the normal monitoring signal may be understood as marking the accident sampling point while outputting it to the information output unit, and the secondary analysis signal represents a secondary analysis of the accident sampling point having an upward trend.
P3: and acquiring an accident sampling point corresponding to the secondary analysis signal, acquiring specific data information with the rising water quality value, comparing the specific data information with corresponding judgment data to obtain corresponding rating information, and transmitting the rating information to an information output unit.
In combination with the actual analysis, if the specific data information of the water quality value rise is caused by the pH value rise, the current pH value=4.4 is acquired and compared with the evaluation data expressed as: under normal conditions, the water quality with the pH value between 6 and 7 is weak acid or neutral, the water quality with the pH value between 7 and 8 is weak base or neutral, the water quality with the pH value between 4 and 6 is acidic, and the current pH value is between the acidity standard, so that the current water quality is acidic as a whole.
The analysis of the safe sampling points is as follows:
a1: acquiring all the safety sampling points g, selecting three safety sampling points, simultaneously acquiring corresponding water quality concentrations of the safety sampling points as D1, D2 and D3, wherein the specific water quality concentration is PPM, which is expressed by the percentage of the solute mass to the total solution mass, and then comparing the concentrations with normal concentration values Dz respectively; wherein D1, D2 and D3 are denoted as the first sampling point, the intermediate sampling point and the last sampling point, respectively, and the number of default safe sampling points g is singular.
A2: when D1, D2 and D3 are smaller than Dz, the water quality concentration of all sampling points is not out of standard, and a water quality normal signal is generated, otherwise, if the water quality concentration corresponding to any sampling point exceeds Dz, the water quality is abnormal, a water quality abnormal signal is generated, the generated water quality normal signal is not processed, and the generated water quality abnormal signal needs to be further analyzed;
a3: and then analyzing the generated water quality abnormality signals, determining corresponding pollution areas according to D1, D2 and D3, generating abnormality information, and transmitting the abnormality information to an information output unit.
In combination with the actual analysis, if D1 is contaminated, it means that the areas located behind the first sampling point are contaminated, whereas if D2 is not contaminated, it means that the contaminated areas are present between D1 and D2, so that the contaminated areas can be determined, and similarly if D2 is contaminated, D3 is not contaminated, it means that the contaminated areas are present between D2 and D3.
And the information output unit is used for acquiring the transmitted abnormal information and rating information and displaying the abnormal information and the rating information to an operator through the display equipment.
In the third embodiment, the difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment is that the water quality information analysis unit transmits the normal sampling point and the corresponding information thereof to the monitoring and early warning unit.
The monitoring and early warning unit is used for acquiring the transmitted normal sampling point information, acquiring the judging section transmitted by the key analysis unit, calculating the water quality value corresponding to the normal sampling point at the same time, matching the water quality value with the judging section, indicating that the normal sampling point is abnormal if the water quality value exists in the judging section, generating early warning information, otherwise, indicating that the normal sampling point is not abnormal if the water quality value does not exist in the judging section, generating normal information, and transmitting the early warning information and the normal information to the information output unit.
In the fourth embodiment, as the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the emphasis is placed on the implementation of the first, second and third embodiments in combination.
A water quality monitoring and early warning method based on big data specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: determining a sampling point;
step two: acquiring water quality information corresponding to the sampling points, and calculating the water quality value of the sampling points according to the water quality information;
step three: classifying the sampling points for normal analysis and key analysis according to the water quality value of the sampling points;
step four: classifying the key analysis sampling points by combining the historical data, and performing independent analysis on the classified key analysis sampling points to obtain analysis information;
step five: and detecting the normal analysis sampling point to obtain corresponding detection information.
And all that is not described in detail in this specification is well known to those skilled in the art.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical method of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A water quality monitoring and early warning system based on big data is characterized by comprising:
the water quality information acquisition unit is used for acquiring the water quality information of different sampling points and transmitting the water quality information to the water quality information analysis unit;
the water quality information analysis unit is used for acquiring the transmitted water quality information of different sampling points, calculating water quality values of the different sampling points according to the water quality information, comparing the calculated water quality values with preset values to classify all the sampling points into important analysis sampling points and normal sampling points, transmitting the important analysis sampling point information to the important analysis unit, transmitting the normal sampling point information to the monitoring and early warning unit, and generating classification information in the following specific modes:
s1: all sampling points are obtained and marked as i, and i=1, 2, …, j, then the corresponding pH value, dissolved oxygen content and phosphorus content are obtained and marked as PHi, RYI and Pi respectively, and substituted into the formulaCalculating to obtain a water quality value Qi corresponding to a sampling point i, wherein a is a preset proportionality coefficient;
s2: drawing a water quality map of the sampling point according to the water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point, transmitting the water quality map to an information output unit, simultaneously comparing the water quality value Qi corresponding to the sampling point with a preset value Qy, marking the sampling point as a key analysis sampling point when the Qi is more than or equal to Qy, and otherwise marking the sampling point as a normal analysis sampling point when the Qi is less than Qy;
the key analysis unit is used for acquiring the transmitted key analysis sampling points and the information thereof, simultaneously acquiring the historical data transmitted by the historical data storage unit, and judging whether the water quality accident exists on the key analysis sampling points by combining the water quality accident in the historical data to obtain a judging result, wherein the judging result comprises: the accident sampling point and the safety sampling point are respectively analyzed to obtain analysis information, and the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of grading information, judging intervals and abnormal information, transmitting the judging intervals in analysis information to a monitoring and early warning unit, transmitting the grading information and the abnormal information to an information output unit, and classifying the heavy analysis sampling points in the following specific mode:
all the key analysis sampling points are acquired and marked as n, and n=1, 2, … and m, then the key analysis sampling points with water quality accidents are classified as accident sampling points and k=1, 2, … and l, and the key analysis sampling points without water quality accidents are classified as safety sampling points g, and g=1, 2, … and e;
the specific analysis of the accident sampling points is as follows:
p1: acquiring all accident sampling points k, acquiring corresponding water quality values Qk, acquiring the maximum value and the minimum value of the water quality values Qk, generating a judging section according to the maximum value and the minimum value, and transmitting the judging section to a monitoring and early warning unit;
p2: simultaneously, historical data corresponding to the accident sampling point k is obtained, and the historical data comprises: the historical water quality value Qk1 shows that the water quality value of the accident sampling point has an ascending trend when Qk is more than or equal to Qk1 and generates a secondary analysis signal, and otherwise shows that the water quality value of the accident sampling point has a descending trend when Qk is less than Qk1 and generates a normal monitoring signal;
p3: acquiring an accident sampling point corresponding to the secondary analysis signal, acquiring specific data information with the rising water quality value, comparing the specific data information with corresponding judgment data to obtain corresponding rating information, and transmitting the rating information to an information output unit;
the safety sampling points are analyzed as follows:
a1: all the safety sampling points g are obtained, three safety sampling points are selected, the corresponding water quality concentrations are obtained and recorded as D1, D2 and D3, and then the water quality concentrations are respectively compared with a normal concentration value Dz;
a2: when D1, D2 and D3 are smaller than Dz, the water quality concentration of all sampling points is not out of standard, and a water quality normal signal is generated, otherwise, if the water quality concentration corresponding to any sampling point exceeds Dz, the water quality is abnormal, and a water quality abnormal signal is generated;
a3: and then analyzing the generated water quality abnormality signals, determining corresponding pollution areas according to D1, D2 and D3, generating abnormality information, and transmitting the abnormality information to an information output unit.
2. The big data-based water quality monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring and early warning unit is configured to obtain the transmitted normal sampling point information, obtain the judgment section transmitted by the key analysis unit, calculate the water quality value corresponding to the normal sampling point at the same time, match the water quality value with the judgment section, indicate that the normal sampling point is abnormal if the water quality value exists in the judgment section, and generate early warning information, otherwise indicate that the normal sampling point is not abnormal if the water quality value does not exist in the judgment section, and generate normal information, and transmit the early warning information and the normal information to the information output unit.
3. The big data-based water quality monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the information output unit is used for acquiring the transmitted abnormal information, the rating information, the sampling point water quality map, the early warning information and the normal information and sending the abnormal information, the rating information, the sampling point water quality map, the early warning information and the normal information to an operator through the display device.
4. A method for performing the big data based water quality monitoring and early warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: determining a sampling point;
step two: acquiring water quality information corresponding to the sampling points, and calculating the water quality value of the sampling points according to the water quality information;
step three: classifying the sampling points for normal analysis and key analysis according to the water quality value of the sampling points;
step four: classifying the key analysis sampling points by combining the historical data, and performing independent analysis on the classified key analysis sampling points to obtain analysis information;
step five: and detecting the normal analysis sampling point to obtain corresponding detection information.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410107662.2A CN117630319B (en) | 2024-01-26 | 2024-01-26 | Big data-based water quality monitoring and early warning method and system |
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| CN202410107662.2A CN117630319B (en) | 2024-01-26 | 2024-01-26 | Big data-based water quality monitoring and early warning method and system |
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| CN118191271B (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-08-06 | 南通海济环保科技有限公司 | Soil environment pollution assessment method and system |
| CN118013449B (en) * | 2024-04-10 | 2024-07-23 | 台州市污染防治技术中心有限公司 | Enterprise sewage discharge Internet of things management system |
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| CN118443901A (en) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-08-06 | 江苏海德能净水科技有限公司 | Direct drinking water quality monitoring system based on Internet of things |
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