CN117630090A - Device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching property of laser material and heat sink - Google Patents
Device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching property of laser material and heat sink Download PDFInfo
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- CN117630090A CN117630090A CN202210978451.7A CN202210978451A CN117630090A CN 117630090 A CN117630090 A CN 117630090A CN 202210978451 A CN202210978451 A CN 202210978451A CN 117630090 A CN117630090 A CN 117630090A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of a laser material and a heat sink, which comprises the following components: a light-transmitting side (4) through which light passes is arranged on the temperature control device (1); the laser material (3) is arranged in the temperature control device (1), and a high-reflection film is plated on the laser material (3); the first heat sink (2) is arranged in the temperature control device (1), and the first heat sink (2) is fixedly connected with the laser material (3); the laser light source (5) is used for providing standard light (a), the standard light (a) passes through the light transmission side (4) and irradiates the surface of the laser material (3) on the side plated with the high-reflection film, and the standard light (a) forms reflected light (b) after passing through the surface of the laser material (3) on the side plated with the high-reflection film; the flare measuring device (6) is mounted on a path forming the reflected light (b). The invention amplifies the micro deformation of the surface of the laser material at different temperatures caused by the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material and the first heat sink by an optical method, so that the micro deformation can be measured and utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid laser, in particular to a device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of a laser material and a heat sink.
Background
The solid laser technology is a laser using a solid laser material as a working substance, and has very wide application in the fields of military, science and technology, business and the like. The wide application has higher power and beam quality requirements on the solid laser, but a part of waste heat is necessarily generated in the high-power laser output process, and the waste heat can cause the phenomena of thermal lenses, thermally induced birefringence and the like of the laser material, so that the output power and quality of the laser are reduced. In order to reduce the adverse effect of heat generated during the laser generation process, heat sinks are welded on the surface of the laser material to increase heat dissipation in many cases. And welding the laser material and the heat sink material at high temperature, wherein the laser material has no stress and strain in the initial welding state. The temperature change of hundreds of degrees exists in the process of lowering the temperature of the laser material to normal temperature and low temperature, and if the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material and the heat sink are not matched in the temperature region, certain stress and strain can be generated on the crystal material. The presence of stress and strain not only reduces the laser output power, but also reduces the beam quality, and excessive stress and strain may fracture the laser material, thereby increasing the risk and cost of use. In order to reduce the stress caused by the mismatch of the coefficients of thermal expansion of the laser material and the heat sink material, it is necessary to select an appropriate heat sink material according to the specific use conditions. In order to meet different requirements, the wide temperature area thermal expansion coefficient matching test system with a simple structure has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the laser material and heat sink matching detection device which has a simple structure and is convenient to use, and the matching of the laser material and the heat sink can be effectively tested.
In order to solve the problems, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of a laser material and a heat sink, comprising: the temperature control device is provided with a light-transmitting side for light to pass through and is used for controlling the temperature in the temperature control device; the laser material is arranged in the temperature control device, and a high-reflection film is plated on the laser material; the first heat sink is arranged in the temperature control device and is fixedly connected with the laser material; the laser light source is used for providing standard light, the standard light passes through the light transmission side and irradiates to the surface of the side, coated with the high-reflection film, of the laser material, the standard light forms reflected light after being irradiated to the surface of the side, coated with the high-reflection film, of the laser material, and the reflected light passes through the light transmission side and emits out of the temperature control device; and the light spot measuring device is arranged on the path forming the reflected light and is used for collecting and measuring light spots of the reflected light.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the fixed support is fixedly arranged in the temperature control device, is fixedly connected with the first heat sink and enables a part of the first heat sink to be suspended relative to the temperature control device. Specifically, a support shaft is installed on the fixing support, a deep hole parallel to the axis of the support shaft is formed in the end portion of the first heat sink, or a through hole perpendicular to the axis of the support shaft is formed near the end portion of the first heat sink, and the support shaft is sleeved with the deep hole or the through hole, so that the first heat sink is fixed.
Optionally, the laser material is fixedly connected with the suspended portion of the first heat sink by welding or bonding.
Optionally, the laser material is in a strip shape, the first heat sink is in a strip shape, and the widths of the laser material and the first heat sink are equal.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the second heat sink is independently arranged and is used for observing the influence of factors except the matching of the thermal expansion coefficients on the light spots.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the temperature control device (1) is arranged in the protection box, and a window mirror is arranged on the protection box and used for allowing standard light (a) and reflected light (b) to pass through; and the vacuumizing device is connected with the protection box and is used for vacuumizing the air in the protection box to realize a vacuum environment.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the protective gas input device is connected with the protective box and is used for inputting protective gas into the protective box.
Optionally, the laser material is a laser gain medium material for laser generation, preferably Nd: YAG, yb: YAG or Nd: YLF, the material type of the laser material is crystalline or ceramic.
Optionally, the material of the first heat sink is a heat sink material for cooling the laser gain medium, preferably Cu, fe, mo or an alloy material.
Optionally, the laser light source provides standard light at an angle of incidence greater than 30 °.
Optionally, the light spot measuring device is a mesh paper, a coordinate ruler or a photoelectric detector.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the device disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, accurate and obvious in result, and meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simplicity, feasibility, high safety, low cost and the like. The micro deformation of the surface of the laser material caused by the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient with the first heat sink is amplified by an optical method, so that the micro deformation can be measured and utilized. The typical measurement and utilization mode is that the change condition of the reflection light spots obtained by the laser material and the specific first heat sink material under different temperatures is measured by adjusting the temperature in the temperature control device, so that the matching condition of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material and the specific first heat sink material under different temperatures is obtained. Specifically, after the laser material is selected, multiple experiments can be performed by changing the material of the first heat sink, and the first heat sink material which is most suitable for the laser material at a specific temperature and/or a temperature interval can be selected, so that the stress of the laser material in the laser generating process is reduced, and the quality of laser output is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of section c-c of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser material and the first heat sink of the present invention in the state of convex mirror, normal state and concave mirror in order from left to right.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the reflected light spots of the convex mirror, the normal mirror and the concave mirror in the order from left to right in fig. 3.
Wherein: the device comprises a temperature control device, a first heat sink, a 3-laser material, a 4-light transmitting side, a 5-laser light source, a 6-facula measuring device, a 7-fixed support, a second heat sink, a-standard light and b-reflected light.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching between a laser material and a heat sink, comprising: the temperature control device 1, the light transmitting side 4 for light to pass through is arranged on the temperature control device 1, and the temperature control device 1 is used for controlling the temperature in the temperature control device 1; the laser material 3, the laser material 3 is installed in the temperature control device 1, the laser material 3 is plated with a high-reflection film; the first heat sink 2 is arranged in the temperature control device 1, and the first heat sink 2 is fixedly connected with the laser material 3; the laser light source 5 is used for providing standard light a, the standard light a passes through the light-transmitting side 4 and irradiates to the surface of the laser material 3, which is coated with the high-reflection film, the standard light a forms reflected light b after being irradiated to the surface of the laser material 3, which is coated with the high-reflection film, and the reflected light b passes through the light-transmitting side 4 and is irradiated out of the temperature control device 1; the spot measuring device 6, the spot measuring device 6 is installed on the route forming the reflected light b, the spot measuring device 6 is used for collecting and measuring the spot of the reflected light b. The device is simple to operate, accurate and obvious in result, and meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simplicity, feasibility, high safety, low cost and the like. The micro deformation of the surface of the laser material caused by the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient with the first heat sink is amplified by an optical method, so that the micro deformation can be measured and utilized. The typical measurement and utilization mode is that the change condition of the reflected light spots obtained by the laser material 3 and the specific first heat sink 2 material at different temperatures is measured by adjusting the temperature in the temperature control device 1, so that the matching condition of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material and the specific first heat sink material at different temperatures is obtained. Specifically, after the laser material 3 is selected, multiple experiments can be performed by changing the material of the first heat sink 2, and the material of the first heat sink 2 which is most suitable for the laser material 3 at a certain temperature can be selected, so that the stress of the laser material 3 in the laser generating process is reduced, and the quality of laser output is improved.
In specific operation, the laser material 3 is fixedly connected with the first heat sink 2, and is integrally placed into the temperature control device as an experimental sample after being fixedly connected, and the side of the laser material 3 plated with the high-reflection film faces the light-transmitting side 4. The collimated standard light a provided by the laser light source 5 is incident from the light transmitting side 4 to the outer surface of the test sample coated with the highly reflective film. The laser material 3 deforms at different temperatures due to the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients of the material of the first heat sink 2, and the deformation of the surface of the laser material 3 causes the size and the offset of the light spot of the reflected light b to change. The optical test system amplifies the tiny surface deformation of the laser material 3 caused by the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material and the first heat sink, so that the matching condition of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 in a certain temperature area is reflected. If the thermal expansion coefficient of the laser material 3 is lower, the thermal expansion coefficient of the first heat sink 2 is higher, and the expansion amount of the first heat sink 2 is larger than that of the laser material 3 in the heating process, the surface of the laser material 3 can generate deformation similar to a concave mirror, and the effect of converging and shrinking the speckles is achieved. If the thermal expansion coefficient of the laser material 3 is relatively high, the expansion amount of the laser material 3 is smaller than that of the first heat sink 2 in the heating process, and the surface of the laser material 3 can deform similar to a convex mirror, so that the effect of dispersing and amplifying the speckles is achieved. Similarly, the linear expansion matching degree of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 can be read through the change of the light spot when the temperature is reduced. Meanwhile, by changing the temperature of the temperature control device, the degree of matching between the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 at different temperatures can be measured. The light-transmitting side 4 may be designed as an optical element for light penetration, such as an open type or a lens, according to practical requirements.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises: the fixed support 7, fixed support 7 fixed mounting is in temperature control device 1, and fixed support 7 and first heat sink 2 fixed connection make a part of first heat sink 2 unsettled for temperature control device 1. In the experiment, if the first heat sink 2 is directly placed in the temperature control device 1, the first heat sink 2 necessarily has an entire surface contacting with the inner wall of the temperature control device 1, and the temperature control device 1 itself can bring partial deformation in different temperature change processes and then superimpose the deformation brought by the thermal expansion coefficient of the first heat sink 2, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the first heat sink 2 can be more difficult to calculate independently. To solve this problem, we need to separate the deformation caused by the temperature control device 1 from the deformation caused by the thermal expansion coefficient of the first heat sink 2, fix a part of the first heat sink 2 by using the fixing bracket 7 fixed in the temperature control device 1, suspend another part of the first heat sink 2 relative to the temperature control device 1, and change the fixing mode of the first heat sink 2 and the temperature control device 1 from direct fixing to indirect fixing through the fixing bracket, so as to reduce the interaction between them by changing the contact mode of the first heat sink 2 and the temperature control device 1. Specifically, a support shaft is arranged on the fixing support 7, a deep hole parallel to the axis of the support shaft is formed in the end part of the first heat sink 2 or a through hole perpendicular to the axis of the support shaft is formed near the end part, and the deep hole or the through hole is sleeved on the support shaft, so that the first heat sink 2 is fixed. By the method, the interference of external factors on the expansion amount of the first heat sink 2 is reduced as much as possible, and more ideal experimental effect is realized.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser material 3 is fixedly connected with the suspended part of the first heat sink 2 by welding or bonding. The influence of partial deformation of the temperature control device 1 on the expansion amount of the first heat sink 2 caused by the temperature control device 1 in different temperature change processes is greatly reduced by the way of suspending a part of the first heat sink 2 in the air, but even so, the calculation of the expansion amount of the first heat sink 2 caused by the partial deformation of the temperature control device 1 in different temperature change processes still has a small influence. In order to prevent the influence from being carried into or carry into the matching experiment of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 in a very small amount, the laser material 3 is arranged at the suspension position of the first heat sink 2 and is far away from the indirect fixing position of the first heat sink 2 and the temperature control device 1 as far as possible, so that the influence of partial deformation of the temperature control device 1 caused by the temperature change process on the matching experiment of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 is reduced to the minimum or ignored. And the light spot deformation caused by mismatching of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material and the heat sink material is more obvious when the suspended end far away from the fixed end is irradiated, so that the accuracy of the experiment is facilitated.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the laser material 3 is in an elongated sheet shape, the first heat sink 2 is in an elongated shape, and the widths of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 are equal. In a normal state, the surface of the laser material is smooth and has no deformation, as shown in the M2 group of diagrams in fig. 3, and the light spot is normal in size, as shown in the N2 group of diagrams in fig. 4. If the thermal expansion coefficient of the laser material is relatively high, the expansion amount of the laser material is smaller than that of the first heat sink in the heating process, and the surface of the laser material can deform similar to a convex mirror, such as the schematic diagram of the group M1 in FIG. 3, and the effect of dispersing and amplifying the speckles, such as the schematic diagram of the group N1 in FIG. 4, is achieved. If the thermal expansion coefficient of the laser material is lower, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the first heat sink is higher, during the heating process, the expansion amount of the first heat sink is larger than that of the laser material, the surface of the laser material will generate deformation similar to that of a concave mirror, as shown in the schematic diagram of group M3 in fig. 3, and the effect of converging and shrinking the speckles is achieved, as shown in the schematic diagram of group N3 in fig. 4. In order to make the effect of convergence and divergence and amplification more obvious, the contact surface of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 is in a long strip shape (i.e. the length is several times of the width), and in order to make the effect of convergence and divergence and amplification more accurate, the widths of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 are equal. As shown in fig. 4, the light spot of the reflected light b is enlarged under the action of the convex mirror, the light spot of the reflected light b is reduced under the action of the concave mirror, and under the condition that the change proportion is determined by the change, the propagation distance of the reflected light b directly affects the obvious degree of the change, i.e. the propagation distance of the reflected light b can be reasonably arranged according to practical experimental conditions and specific requirements, and the light spot of the reflected light b is captured at a proper position.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises: and the second heat sink 8, wherein the mode, the material and the size of the second heat sink 8 are consistent with those of the first heat sink 2, and the second heat sink 8 is independently arranged for observing the influence of factors except the matching of the thermal expansion coefficients on the light spots. Because a plurality of factors possibly exist in the experimental process to influence the light spot of the reflected light b, for example, the temperature control device can bring partial deformation in different temperature change processes, so that the light spot of the reflected light b has partial deviation; in order to eliminate the influence of other factors as far as possible, a second heat sink 8 material with the same size is fixed in the temperature control device, the surface of the second heat sink 8 material is ground and plated with gold, the reflected light on the surface of the second heat sink 2 is used as reflected reference light, the influence of factors except the matching property of the thermal expansion coefficient on light spots is observed, the influence of the other factors is processed in the follow-up concrete calculation, the deformation of the temperature control device at different temperatures is calibrated, the system error is eliminated, and the accuracy is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises: the temperature control device 1 is arranged in the protection box, and a window mirror is arranged on the protection box and used for allowing standard light a and reflected light b to pass through; and the vacuumizing device is connected with the protection box and is used for vacuumizing the air in the protection box to realize a vacuum environment. The temperature control device 1 and the components within the temperature control device 1 are at risk of being corroded or oxidized by air at high temperature and at risk of being frosted at low temperature during temperature change, which affects the reflection of light. In order to avoid the temperature change and various risks brought to the temperature control device 1 and various components in the temperature control device 1, the phenomenon can be effectively restrained by pumping air in the temperature control device 1 to form a vacuum environment, and the accuracy of detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of the laser material and the heat sink is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises: and the protective gas input device is connected with the temperature control device and is used for inputting the protective gas into the temperature control device. To fill the protection deficiency in vacuum deflation.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser material 3 is a laser gain medium material for laser generation, preferably Nd: YAG, yb: YAG or Nd: YLF, etc., and the material type of the laser material 3 is crystal, ceramic, or the like.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the first heat sink 2 is a heat sink material for cooling the laser gain medium, preferably Cu, fe, mo or an alloy material, etc.
In alternative embodiments, the spot measuring device 6 is a mesh paper, a coordinate scale, a photodetector, or the like.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser light source 5 provides standard light a with an angle of incidence of the standard light of more than 30 °. Standard light a emitted by the laser light source 5 is collimated and then is input into the surface of a laser material 3, namely the surface of the first heat sink 2 experimental sample, and a certain angle is formed during incidence, so that the separation of incident light and emergent light and the placement of optical elements are facilitated. The spot position measuring device collects emergent light and measures the variation of the spot size and the position at different temperatures, and the variation is related to the matching degree of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2, and the smaller the thermal expansion coefficient is matched, the smaller the variation is.
During experiments, a C-shaped groove can be preset in the temperature control device 1, the size of the groove is slightly larger than that of an experimental sample after the laser material is connected with the heat sink or the sizes of two groups of experimental samples, and the experimental samples can be fixed in the groove of the temperature control device. The device is assembled at normal temperature, is used at low temperature or high temperature, and can be used for measuring the matching degree of different temperatures and different first heat sink 2 materials and laser materials 3. The purpose is to find a proper first heat sink 2 material for the laser material 3 cooling according to the actual use condition, thereby reducing the stress generated by the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients of the laser material 3 and the first heat sink 2 in the laser generating process and improving the laser output power and the beam quality. The spot measuring device 6 can realize accurate reading of the spot size or position variation, and can be realized by using a grid paper, a coordinate ruler, a photoelectric detector and the like. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not limiting of the present invention. While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations, modifications, and substitutions can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of a laser material and a heat sink, comprising:
the temperature control device (1), the light transmission side (4) for light to pass through is arranged on the temperature control device (1), and the temperature control device (1) is used for controlling the temperature in the temperature control device (1);
the laser material (3), the said laser material (3) is installed in said temperature control device (1), the said laser material (3) is plated with the highly reflective film;
the first heat sink (2) is arranged in the temperature control device (1), and the first heat sink (2) is fixedly connected with the laser material (3);
a laser light source (5), wherein the laser light source (5) is used for providing standard light (a), the standard light (a) passes through the light transmission side (4) and irradiates to the surface of the laser material (3) on the side coated with the high reflection film, the standard light (a) forms reflected light (b) after being irradiated into the surface of the laser material (3) on the side coated with the high reflection film, and the reflected light (b) passes through the light transmission side (4) and irradiates out of the temperature control device (1);
and the light spot measuring device (6), the light spot measuring device (6) is arranged on the path for forming the reflected light (b), and the light spot measuring device (6) is used for collecting and measuring the light spot of the reflected light (b).
2. The device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching between a laser material and a heat sink according to claim 1, further comprising:
the fixing support (7), fixing support (7) fixed mounting in temperature control device (1), fixing support (7) with first heat sink (2) fixed connection makes a part of first heat sink (2) unsettled for temperature control device (1).
3. The device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of the laser material and the heat sink according to claim 2, wherein the laser material (3) is fixedly connected with the suspended part of the first heat sink (2) in a welding or bonding mode.
4. The device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching property of the laser material and the heat sink according to claim 2, wherein the laser material (3) is in a strip shape and the first heat sink (2) is in a strip shape, and the widths of the laser material (3) and the first heat sink (2) are equal.
5. The device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching between a laser material and a heat sink according to claim 1, further comprising:
the temperature control device (1) is arranged in the protection box, and a window mirror is arranged on the protection box and is used for allowing the standard light (a) and the reflected light (b) to pass through;
and the vacuumizing device is connected with the protection box and is used for vacuumizing the air in the protection box to realize a vacuum environment.
6. The device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching between a laser material and a heat sink as defined in claim 5, further comprising:
and the protective gas input device is connected with the protective box and is used for inputting protective gas into the protective box.
7. The device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of a laser material and a heat sink according to claim 1, wherein the laser material (3) is a laser gain medium material for laser generation, preferably Nd: YAG, yb: YAG or Nd: and YLF, wherein the material type of the laser material (3) is crystal or ceramic.
8. A device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching between a laser material and a heat sink according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first heat sink (2) is a heat sink material for cooling a laser gain medium, preferably Cu, fe, mo or an alloy material.
9. The device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching between a laser material and a heat sink according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the second heat sink (8), the second heat sink (8) and the first heat sink (2) are consistent in material and size, and the second heat sink (8) is independently arranged and is used for observing the influence of factors except for the matching of the thermal expansion coefficients on the light spots.
10. A device for detecting the thermal expansion coefficient matching of a laser material to a heat sink according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser light source (5) provides a standard light (a) with an angle of incidence of more than 30 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210978451.7A CN117630090A (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching property of laser material and heat sink |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210978451.7A CN117630090A (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching property of laser material and heat sink |
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| CN117630090A true CN117630090A (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN202210978451.7A Pending CN117630090A (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Device for detecting thermal expansion coefficient matching property of laser material and heat sink |
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| CN (1) | CN117630090A (en) |
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- 2022-08-16 CN CN202210978451.7A patent/CN117630090A/en active Pending
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