CN117629570B - A directionally movable vibration machine mounting base for ship dynamics testing - Google Patents
A directionally movable vibration machine mounting base for ship dynamics testing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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Abstract
本发明专利涉及一种用于船舶动力学测试的可定向移动的激振机安装基座，属于船舶技术领域，所述基座包括第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元、水平面板、隔振器，所述水平面板上开有螺钉滑槽，用于激振机在不同位置的安装固定。本发明通过精确设计滑槽中滑道的相对位置关系，可达到将激振机精确移动到不同位置进行工作的目的。本发明的基座和激振机之间通过隔振器连接，消除了激振机本身对被测船舶或者艇体固有振动特性的影响，对基座进行了轻量化设计，保证了基座本身作为附加质量对实验模型动力学特性的影响，可用于船舶或者潜艇模型各类多工况动力学测试试验。
The present invention patent relates to a directionally movable vibration exciter installation base for ship dynamics testing, which belongs to the field of ship technology. The base includes a first vertical support unit, a second vertical support unit, a horizontal panel, and a vibration isolator. The horizontal panel is provided with a screw slide groove for installing and fixing the vibration exciter in different positions. The present invention can achieve the purpose of accurately moving the vibration exciter to different positions for operation by accurately designing the relative position relationship of the slide in the slide groove. The base and the vibration exciter of the present invention are connected by a vibration isolator, which eliminates the influence of the vibration exciter itself on the inherent vibration characteristics of the ship or hull being tested, and the base is lightweight, which ensures that the base itself as an additional mass has no influence on the dynamic characteristics of the experimental model, and can be used for various multi-condition dynamic test experiments of ship or submarine models.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于船舶技术领域，具体涉及一种用于动力学测试试验的可定向移动的激振机安装基座。The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and in particular relates to a directionally movable vibration machine installation base used for dynamics testing experiments.
背景技术Background technique
船舶或者潜艇模型动力学测试试验过程中，往往需要将激振机精确移动到不同位置施加激励力，因此需要进行繁琐而费力的反复拆卸和安装工作，极大地降低了试验效率。同时，所需移动的测试设备往往十分笨重，所处工作环境往往十分狭小，且可能存在高寒、高温、高湿、高压等情况，十分不利于人员进行设备拆卸和安装操作。During the dynamics test of ship or submarine models, the exciter often needs to be accurately moved to different positions to apply the excitation force, which requires tedious and laborious repeated disassembly and installation work, greatly reducing the test efficiency. At the same time, the test equipment that needs to be moved is often very bulky, the working environment is often very small, and there may be high cold, high temperature, high humidity, high pressure, etc., which is very unfavorable for personnel to disassemble and install equipment.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提出了一种可用于激振机精确定向移动的滑道式安装基座，在不用完全拆卸紧固件的情况下，即可轻松完成设备精确定向移置，保证设备在所需的位置稳定地运行，极大地极高了试验效率。The present invention proposes a slide-type mounting base that can be used for precise directional movement of a vibration machine. Without completely disassembling fasteners, precise directional displacement of the equipment can be easily completed, ensuring that the equipment operates stably at a desired position, greatly improving test efficiency.
本发明提供了一种用于船舶动力学测试的可定向移动的激振机安装基座，其特征在于，所述安装基座包括第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元、水平面板与多个隔振器，所述第一垂直支撑单元的顶部通过所述水平面板与所述第二垂直支撑单元的顶部连接，所述水平面板与所述第一垂直支撑单元、所述第二垂直支撑单元连接处的平面上分别设有彼此齐平的第一螺钉滑槽组和第二螺钉滑槽组，所述第一螺钉滑槽组和第二螺钉滑槽组由多个螺钉滑槽组成，所述隔振器的底面通过螺钉连接在所述螺钉滑槽的滑道内，所述隔振器的顶面用于与激振机固定连接，所述第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元的底面用于与船舶测试结构接触。The present invention provides a directionally movable vibration exciter mounting base for ship dynamics testing, characterized in that the mounting base includes a first vertical support unit, a second vertical support unit, a horizontal panel and a plurality of vibration isolators, the top of the first vertical support unit is connected to the top of the second vertical support unit through the horizontal panel, and a first screw slide groove group and a second screw slide groove group flush with each other are respectively provided on the plane at the connection between the horizontal panel and the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit, the first screw slide groove group and the second screw slide groove group are composed of a plurality of screw slide grooves, the bottom surface of the vibration isolator is connected to the slideway of the screw slide groove by screws, the top surface of the vibration isolator is used to be fixedly connected to the vibration exciter, and the bottom surfaces of the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit are used to contact with the ship test structure.
根据本发明的一个实施方式，所述隔振器底面的左右两端均具有凸出的安装部，所述安装部均通过弹垫和第一平垫与所述螺钉的一端固定连接，所述螺钉的另一端通过第二平垫与所述螺钉滑槽内的螺母固定连接，所述隔振器底面左右两端安装部之间的距离为螺钉滑槽长度的1.1-1.5倍。According to one embodiment of the present invention, both left and right ends of the bottom surface of the vibration isolator have protruding mounting parts, and the mounting parts are fixedly connected to one end of the screw through a spring washer and a first flat washer, and the other end of the screw is fixedly connected to the nut in the screw slot through a second flat washer, and the distance between the mounting parts on the left and right ends of the bottom surface of the vibration isolator is 1.1-1.5 times the length of the screw slot.
根据本发明的一个实施方式，所述螺钉滑槽为腰形或矩形，所述螺钉滑槽的大小相同，所述第一螺钉滑槽组、第二螺钉滑槽组中螺钉滑槽的数目为大于或等于四个的偶数，所述第一螺钉滑槽组、第二螺钉滑槽组中，每对螺钉滑槽之间的距离大于每对螺钉滑槽中相邻螺钉滑槽之间的距离。According to one embodiment of the present invention, the screw slot is waist-shaped or rectangular, the screw slots are of the same size, the number of screw slots in the first screw slot group and the second screw slot group is an even number greater than or equal to four, and in the first screw slot group and the second screw slot group, the distance between each pair of screw slots is greater than the distance between adjacent screw slots in each pair of screw slots.
根据本发明的一个实施方式，所述第一垂直支撑单元和第二垂直支撑单元包括一对支撑板，所述一对支撑板之间连接有腹板，所述腹板平行于所述螺钉滑槽的长度方向，所述腹板用于提高对隔振器的支撑强度。According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit include a pair of support plates, a web is connected between the pair of support plates, the web is parallel to the length direction of the screw slot, and the web is used to improve the support strength of the vibration isolator.
根据本发明的一个实施方式，所述第一螺钉滑槽组与所述第二螺钉滑槽组之间具有至少一个镂空结构，所述镂空结构的面积占水平面板总面积的80-90％。According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one hollow structure is provided between the first screw slide groove group and the second screw slide groove group, and the area of the hollow structure accounts for 80-90% of the total area of the horizontal panel.
根据本发明的一个实施方式，所述镂空结构的内表面、所述腹板的上下表面、所述支撑板靠近腹板一侧的表面上均开设有减重槽。According to one embodiment of the present invention, weight-reducing grooves are provided on the inner surface of the hollow structure, the upper and lower surfaces of the web, and the surface of the support plate on the side close to the web.
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，主要具备以下的技术优点：In general, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following technical advantages compared with the prior art:
(1)在进行多工况动力学测试试验时，往往需要变换激振点，且各激振点位置关系都有精确要求，本发明在基座面板上设置螺钉滑槽，用于紧固隔振器的螺钉在滑槽内可定向滑动，因此当变换激振点时，仅需拧松用于紧固隔振器的螺钉，将激振机推到螺钉滑槽所需的位置，即可实现激振机精确定向移动以完成激振点的变换，不用重复安装。(1) When conducting multi-condition dynamics tests, it is often necessary to change the excitation point, and the positional relationship of each excitation point has precise requirements. The present invention provides a screw slide groove on the base panel, and the screws used to fasten the vibration isolator can slide directionally in the slide groove. Therefore, when changing the excitation point, it is only necessary to loosen the screws used to fasten the vibration isolator and push the exciter to the required position of the screw slide groove. The exciter can be accurately moved in a directional manner to complete the change of the excitation point without repeated installation.
(2)本发明的水平面板、支撑板和腹板上均有减轻设计，由于基座往往是焊接在艇体或者船舶结构上，如此可以大大减小基座本身作为附加质量对船舶动力学特性的影响。(2) The horizontal panels, support plates and webs of the present invention are all designed to reduce weight. Since the base is often welded to the hull or ship structure, the influence of the base itself as an additional mass on the dynamic characteristics of the ship can be greatly reduced.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为一种用于动力学测试试验的可定向移动的激振机安装基座的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a directionally movable vibration machine mounting base for dynamics testing experiments.
图2为一种用于动力学测试试验的可定向移动的激振机安装基座与激振机之间的装配示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly between a vibration exciter installation base and a vibration exciter that can be moved directionally for dynamics testing.
附图标记为：1基座，2激振机，3隔振器，4第一弹垫，5激振机螺钉，6螺钉，7第二弹垫，8,第一平垫，9第二平垫，10螺母，11第一螺钉滑槽，12第二螺钉滑槽，13,第三螺钉滑槽，14第四螺钉滑槽，15第一减重槽，16第二减重槽，17第三减重槽。The accompanying drawings are marked as: 1 base, 2 vibration exciter, 3 vibration isolator, 4 first spring washer, 5 vibration exciter screw, 6 screw, 7 second spring washer, 8 first flat washer, 9 second flat washer, 10 nut, 11 first screw slide groove, 12 second screw slide groove, 13 third screw slide groove, 14 fourth screw slide groove, 15 first weight reduction groove, 16 second weight reduction groove, 17 third weight reduction groove.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
本发明首先提供了一种用于船舶动力学测试的可定向移动的激振机安装基座，其特征在于，所述安装基座包括第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元、水平面板与多个隔振器，所述第一垂直支撑单元的顶部通过所述水平面板与所述第二垂直支撑单元的顶部连接，所述水平面板与所述第一垂直支撑单元、所述第二垂直支撑单元连接处的平面上分别设有彼此齐平的第一螺钉滑槽组和第二螺钉滑槽组，所述第一螺钉滑槽组和第二螺钉滑槽组由多个螺钉滑槽组成，所述隔振器的底面通过螺钉连接在所述螺钉滑槽的滑道内，所述隔振器的顶面用于与激振机固定连接，所述第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元的底面用于与船舶测试结构接触，由于基座与激振机之间通过多个隔振器连接，从而可以大大减小动力学测试试验中，激振机对被测船舶结构动力学特性的影响。The present invention first provides a directionally movable vibration exciter installation base for ship dynamics testing, characterized in that the installation base includes a first vertical support unit, a second vertical support unit, a horizontal panel and a plurality of vibration isolators, the top of the first vertical support unit is connected to the top of the second vertical support unit through the horizontal panel, and the plane at the connection between the horizontal panel and the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit is respectively provided with a first screw slide groove group and a second screw slide groove group flush with each other, the first screw slide groove group and the second screw slide groove group are composed of a plurality of screw slide grooves, the bottom surface of the vibration isolator is connected to the slideway of the screw slide groove by screws, the top surface of the vibration isolator is used for fixed connection with the vibration exciter, and the bottom surfaces of the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit are used for contacting with the ship test structure. Since the base and the vibration exciter are connected by a plurality of vibration isolators, the influence of the vibration exciter on the dynamic characteristics of the ship structure under test in the dynamic test can be greatly reduced.
在一些实施例中，隔振器顶面与激振机之间也可以通过螺钉、弹垫和平垫相连接，保证在动力学测试试验过程中，激振机不会松动，进而不影响实验测试精度。In some embodiments, the top surface of the vibration isolator and the vibration exciter may also be connected by screws, spring washers and flat washers to ensure that the vibration exciter does not loosen during the dynamic test, thereby not affecting the experimental test accuracy.
在一些实施例中，隔振器底面的左右两端均具有凸出的安装部，所述安装部均通过弹垫和第一平垫与所述螺钉的一端固定连接，所述螺钉的另一端通过第二平垫与所述螺钉滑槽内的螺母固定连接，所述隔振器底面左右两端安装部之间的距离为螺钉滑槽长度的1.1-1.5倍，即一个隔振器的两个安装螺钉分别与两个滑槽相配合，滑槽长度以及相邻两滑槽相对距离可根据实验工况中激振点相对位置关系来设置，从而可以保证在不重复拆装激振机的情况下，可以很轻松地定向精确移置激振机到所需位置，开展动力学测试试验。In some embodiments, both left and right ends of the bottom surface of the vibration isolator have protruding mounting parts, and the mounting parts are fixedly connected to one end of the screw through a spring washer and a first flat washer, and the other end of the screw is fixedly connected to the nut in the screw slot through a second flat washer. The distance between the mounting parts on the left and right ends of the bottom surface of the vibration isolator is 1.1-1.5 times the length of the screw slot, that is, the two mounting screws of a vibration isolator are respectively matched with two slots, and the length of the slot and the relative distance between two adjacent slots can be set according to the relative position relationship of the excitation points in the experimental conditions, thereby ensuring that the exciter can be easily and accurately moved to the desired position without repeated disassembly and assembly of the exciter to carry out dynamic testing experiments.
在一些实施例中，所述螺钉滑槽为腰形或矩形，所述螺钉滑槽的大小相同，所述第一螺钉滑槽组、第二螺钉滑槽组中螺钉滑槽的数目为大于或等于四个的偶数，所述第一螺钉滑槽组、第二螺钉滑槽组中，每对螺钉滑槽之间的距离大于每对螺钉滑槽中相邻螺钉滑槽之间的距离。In some embodiments, the screw slots are waist-shaped or rectangular, the screw slots are the same size, the number of screw slots in the first screw slot group and the second screw slot group is an even number greater than or equal to four, and in the first screw slot group and the second screw slot group, the distance between each pair of screw slots is greater than the distance between adjacent screw slots in each pair of screw slots.
在一些实施例中，所述第一垂直支撑单元和第二垂直支撑单元包括一对支撑板，所述一对支撑板之间连接有腹板，所述腹板平行于所述螺钉滑槽的长度方向，所述腹板用于提高对隔振器的支撑强度。In some embodiments, the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit include a pair of support plates, a web is connected between the pair of support plates, the web is parallel to the length direction of the screw slot, and the web is used to improve the support strength of the vibration isolator.
在一些实施例中，所述第一螺钉滑槽组与所述第二螺钉滑槽组之间具有至少一个镂空结构，所述镂空结构的面积占水平面板总面积的80-90％。In some embodiments, there is at least one hollow structure between the first screw slot group and the second screw slot group, and the area of the hollow structure accounts for 80-90% of the total area of the horizontal panel.
在一些实施例中，所述镂空结构的内表面、所述腹板的上下表面、所述支撑板靠近腹板一侧的表面上均开设有减重槽，由于基座与被测船舶结构是固定在一起的，基座将会对船舶动力学特性产生影响，该减重槽将大大减小基座本体的质量，从而减小基座作为附加质量对船舶动力学特性的影响。In some embodiments, weight-reducing grooves are provided on the inner surface of the hollow structure, the upper and lower surfaces of the web, and the surface of the support plate close to the web. Since the base is fixed to the ship structure being measured, the base will affect the dynamic characteristics of the ship. The weight-reducing grooves will greatly reduce the mass of the base body, thereby reducing the influence of the base as an additional mass on the dynamic characteristics of the ship.
以下为具体实施例：The following are specific embodiments:
实施例1Example 1
如图1和图2所示，一种用于船舶动力学测试试验的激振设备安装基座，所述安装基座1包括第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元、水平面板与多个隔振器，所述第一垂直支撑单元的顶部通过所述水平面板与第二垂直支撑单元的顶部连接，所述水平面板与第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元连接处的平面上设有齐平的第一螺钉滑槽组和第二螺钉滑槽组，所述第一螺钉滑槽组和第二螺钉滑槽组由第一螺钉滑槽11、第二螺钉滑槽12、第三螺钉滑槽13、第四螺钉滑槽15组成，所述第一垂直支撑单元、第二垂直支撑单元的底面用于与船舶测试结构接触，基座1与激振机2之间通过多个隔振器3连接，基座1与多个隔振器3底面凸出的安装部之间依次通过螺钉6、第二弹垫7、第一平垫8、第二平垫9、螺母10连接，多个隔振器3又与激振机2之间通过激振机螺钉5、第一弹垫4连接，从而可以大大减小动力学测试试验中，激振机2对被测船舶结构动力学特性的影响；所述隔振器底面左右两端安装部之间的距离为螺钉滑槽长度的1.2倍，所述第一螺钉滑槽组、第二螺钉滑槽组中，每对螺钉滑槽之间的距离大于每对螺钉滑槽中相邻每个螺钉滑槽之间的距离，方便两个不同的隔振器在螺钉滑槽中位移；所述第一垂直支撑单元和第二垂直支撑单元包括一对支撑板，所述一对支撑板之间连接有腹板，所述腹板平行于第一螺钉滑槽组的长度方向，所述腹板用于提高对隔振器2的支撑强度；第一螺钉滑槽组与所述第二螺钉滑槽组之间具有两个相同大小且齐平的镂空结构，每个镂空结构的面积占水平面板总面积的40％，所述镂空结构的内表面、所述腹板的上下表面、所述支撑板靠近腹板一侧的表面上开设有第一减重槽15、第二减重槽16、第三减重槽17，大大减小基座本体的质量，从而减小基座作为附加质量对船舶动力学特性的影响。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a vibration excitation device installation base for ship dynamics test, the installation base 1 includes a first vertical support unit, a second vertical support unit, a horizontal panel and a plurality of vibration isolators, the top of the first vertical support unit is connected to the top of the second vertical support unit through the horizontal panel, the plane at the connection between the horizontal panel and the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit is provided with a flush first screw chute group and a second screw chute group, the first screw chute group and the second screw chute group are composed of a first screw chute 11, a second screw chute 12, a third screw chute 13, and a fourth screw chute 15, the bottom surface of the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit is used to contact the ship test structure, the base 1 and the vibration machine 2 are connected through a plurality of vibration isolators 3, the base 1 and the mounting parts protruding from the bottom surfaces of the plurality of vibration isolators 3 are connected in sequence through screws 6, second spring washers 7, first flat washers 8, second flat washers 9, and nuts 10, and the plurality of vibration isolators 3 are connected to the vibration machine 2 through vibration machine screws 5 and first spring washers 4, thereby greatly reducing the dynamic test In the test, the influence of the vibration exciter 2 on the dynamic characteristics of the measured ship structure; the distance between the mounting parts at the left and right ends of the bottom surface of the vibration isolator is 1.2 times the length of the screw slot, and in the first screw slot group and the second screw slot group, the distance between each pair of screw slots is greater than the distance between each adjacent screw slot in each pair of screw slots, so as to facilitate the displacement of two different vibration isolators in the screw slot; the first vertical support unit and the second vertical support unit include a pair of support plates, and a web is connected between the pair of support plates, and the web is parallel to the length direction of the first screw slot group, and the web is used to improve the support strength of the vibration isolator 2; there are two hollow structures of the same size and flush between the first screw slot group and the second screw slot group, and the area of each hollow structure accounts for 40% of the total area of the horizontal panel, and the inner surface of the hollow structure, the upper and lower surfaces of the web, and the surface of the support plate close to the web are provided with a first weight reduction groove 15, a second weight reduction groove 16, and a third weight reduction groove 17, which greatly reduces the mass of the base body, thereby reducing the influence of the base as an additional mass on the dynamic characteristics of the ship.
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN102692331A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-09-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Indirect testing method for equipment to excitation load of hull structure under vertical unbalance excitation force |
| CN111734782A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-10-02 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | A vibration isolation device |
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| CN107521623B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-05-29 | 安徽理工大学 | Five degree of freedom becomes cell type multi-purpose vessel berthing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102692331A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-09-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Indirect testing method for equipment to excitation load of hull structure under vertical unbalance excitation force |
| CN111734782A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-10-02 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | A vibration isolation device |
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