CN117628099A - Band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure and adjusting method - Google Patents
Band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure and adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117628099A CN117628099A CN202311363082.1A CN202311363082A CN117628099A CN 117628099 A CN117628099 A CN 117628099A CN 202311363082 A CN202311363082 A CN 202311363082A CN 117628099 A CN117628099 A CN 117628099A
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910003407 AlSi10Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic metamaterial, and particularly relates to an acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure with an adjustable band gap and an adjusting method, wherein the structure comprises a base structure, and the base structure is connected with concentrated masses through a plurality of vibration isolation structures arranged in an array; the vibration isolation structure is formed by arranging cells with local resonance characteristics in an array in a specific direction; the cell comprises an outer frame with a negative poisson ratio structure, a spring, a circular ring and a vibrator, wherein the middle part of the outer frame with the negative poisson ratio is rigidly connected with the circular ring up and down through the spring, and the circular ring is embedded into the cylindrical vibrator in an interference fit manner; the method for adjusting the band gap is simple, and the band gap adjustable vibration reduction metamaterial containing the resonance unit is in the band gap range, so that wave propagation of vibration along a certain preset direction is inhibited, and a good vibration reduction effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic metamaterial, and particularly relates to an acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure with an adjustable band gap and an adjusting method.
Background
The localized resonance acoustic metamaterial is a periodic composite or structure with elastic band gap characteristics. At present, the acoustic metamaterial beams, plates and shells added with the local resonance type vibrators are constructed to generate low-frequency, broadband and multi-frequency band gaps so as to inhibit the transmission of vibration in low frequency and different other frequency bands. Specifically, the local resonance acoustic metamaterial is a periodic composite material or structure which consists of two or more mediums and has the characteristic of elastic band gap, and one clear characteristic of the periodic composite material or structure is that when elastic waves propagate in the local resonance acoustic metamaterial, a special dispersion relation can be formed under the action of an internal periodic structure, and the frequency range between dispersion curves is called band gap. Elastic wave propagation will be suppressed in the band gap frequency range.
At present, a plurality of acoustic meta-materials are applied to vibration control, and the applications generally have fixed cell constants, material densities or moduli, resonance frequency points and the like. However, due to the complexity of the practical application environment, metamaterials are often required to have large bandwidths or variable band gap ranges. In the existing band gap-adjustable patent and literature research, a mode of attaching a piezoelectric sheet to a base beam plate and adjusting an embedded magnet pair is adopted to realize real-time adjustment of the band gap, for example, a mode of realizing real-time band gap adjustment by using a piezoelectric stack and a plurality of additional circuits in the literature 'An adaptive metamaterial beam with hybrid shunting circuits for extremely broadband control offlexural waves', etc., but the metamaterial structure and the adjustment and control mode of the mode are very complex; for example, a phonon crystal vibration damper with adjustable cell characteristics and a periodic array is provided, the device utilizes the change of physical and mechanical parameters of a magnetorheological elastomer under the action of an electric field to realize the change of a cell combination form, and has more control mechanisms and more complicated control methods. For example, a photonic crystal vibration isolator with adjustable band gap based on shape memory alloy is disclosed, which utilizes shape memory effect of shape memory alloy to realize three-stage vibration isolation, but because of deformation certainty of shape memory alloy, a complex regulating and controlling mechanism is needed to achieve multi-stage regulation of band gap.
In conclusion, the existing acoustic metamaterial has the problems of complex resonant structure and control mechanism and high control difficulty in band gap adjustment. Therefore, the acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure with the simple and adjustable band gap and good vibration reduction effect is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs an acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure with an adjustable band gap and an adjusting method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure with adjustable band gap comprises a base structure;
the foundation structure is connected with the centralized mass through a plurality of vibration isolation structures which are arranged in an array manner;
the vibration isolation structure is formed by arranging cells with local resonance characteristics in an array in a specific direction;
the cell comprises an outer frame with a negative poisson ratio structure, a spring, a circular ring and a vibrator, wherein the middle part of the outer frame with the negative poisson ratio is connected with the circular ring up and down through the spring in a rigid mode, and the circular ring is embedded into the cylindrical vibrator in an interference fit mode.
Preferably, the negative poisson ratio structural outer frame is made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK).
Preferably, the vibrator is made of tungsten bronze crystals of high-density materials.
The invention also provides a band gap adjusting method of the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure, which comprises the following steps:
the metamaterial structure is periodically added to classical beams, plates and shells, the up-down regulation and control of the band gap range are realized by regulating and controlling the size of the vibrator, and the band gap with lower frequency is obtained by utilizing the local resonance characteristic of the vibrator to realize a small-size structure;
the band gap range is adjusted by selecting outer frame materials with different negative poisson ratios;
the band gap range is adjusted by adjusting the stiffness or number of turns of the spring.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a proper printing material according to the requirement of cell materials;
s2: building a single cell model of a cell by utilizing 3D modeling software design;
s3: the material was 3D printed using fused deposition techniques (FDM) according to a designed unit cell model.
Preferably, the cell material is one selected from polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polylactic acid (PLA) and aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg material.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the method for adjusting the band gap is simple, and the band gap adjustable vibration reduction metamaterial containing the resonance unit is in the band gap range, so that wave propagation of vibration along a certain preset direction is inhibited, and a good vibration reduction effect is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
1-basic structure, 2-vibration isolation structure, 3-centralized mass, 4-cell, 41-negative poisson ratio structure outer frame, 42-spring, 43-circular ring and 44-vibrator.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
In order to solve the problems that the existing acoustic metamaterial is complex in resonance structure and control mechanism and high in control difficulty in band gap adjustment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides an acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure with an adjustable band gap, which comprises a base structure 1, wherein the base structure 1 is connected with a centralized mass 3 through a plurality of vibration isolation structures 2 which are arranged in an array. The vibration isolation structures 2 are arranged in an array in a specific direction by cells 4 having local resonance characteristics. The cell 4 comprises an outer frame 41 with a negative poisson ratio structure, a spring 42, a circular ring 43 and a vibrator 44. The middle part of the outer frame 41 of the negative poisson ratio structure is connected with a circular ring 43 in a rigid mode through a spring 42, and a cylindrical vibrator 44 is embedded in the circular ring 43 in an interference fit mode.
In a specific implementation, the base structure 1 may be made of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), on which a plurality of vibration isolation structures 2 arranged in an array are disposed, each vibration isolation structure 2 is composed of a negative poisson ratio structure outer frame 41, a spring 42, a ring 43 and a vibrator 44, where the negative poisson ratio structure outer frame 41 can effectively change the propagation direction of sound waves, the spring 42 and the ring 43 can effectively absorb the sound wave energy, and the vibrator 44 can effectively generate a resonance effect, so that vibration isolation of sound waves is achieved.
Example 2
The invention also provides a band gap adjusting method, which can be used for periodically attaching the metamaterial structure to classical beams, plates and shells, realizing the up-and-down regulation of the band gap range by regulating and controlling the vibrator size, and realizing a small-size structure to obtain a band gap with lower frequency by utilizing the vibrator local resonance characteristic.
In specific implementation, the band gap range is adjusted by selecting outer frame materials with different negative poisson ratio structures, for example, one selected from polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polylactic acid (PLA) and aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg materials is adopted; the band gap range is adjusted by adjusting the stiffness or number of turns of the spring. In addition, by adopting the band gap adjusting method, a small-size structure can be realized to obtain a band gap with lower frequency, so that effective vibration isolation of sound waves is realized.
Example 3
The invention also provides a method for preparing the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a suitable printing material is selected for the needs of the cell material. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polylactic acid (PLA), aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg material and the like can be selected as printing materials;
s2: and establishing a single cell model of the cell by using 3D modeling software design. According to actual needs, a single cell model of a cell is designed and established by utilizing 3D modeling software such as SolidWorks, autoCAD and the like;
s3: the material was 3D printed using fused deposition techniques (FDM) according to a designed unit cell model. 3D printing and forming the selected printing material according to a designed unit cell model through a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology.
In specific implementation, by adopting the preparation method, the quick preparation of the cell can be realized, thereby effectively reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency.
Example 4
Selecting outer frame materials with different negative poisson ratio structures to adjust the band gap range: except that polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is used as an outer frame material with a negative Poisson ratio structure, polylactic acid (PLA) and aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg are selected as a comparison experiment, and the influence of different materials on the band gap range is observed.
Regulating and controlling the size of the vibrator: and designing vibrators with different sizes, and regulating and controlling the band gap range by changing the size of the vibrators. The variation range of vibrator size is 1mm to 5mm, and the interval is 1mm.
Adjusting the stiffness or number of spring turns of the spring adjusts the band gap range: a comparative experiment was performed by means of varying the stiffness or number of spring turns of the springs to observe its effect on the band gap range. The spring rate varies from 50N/mm to 150N/mm, the number of spring turns varies from 10 turns to 30 turns, and the interval is 10 turns.
Band gap range was measured: under each condition, the band gap range of the acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure was measured using an acoustic measuring instrument, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of experimental results data
From experimental data, it is evident that the band gap range shows a clear trend of increasing with increasing vibrator size. When the vibrator size is 5mm, the band gap range of the three materials reaches the maximum value. In addition, the outer frame materials of different negative poisson ratio structures and the stiffness or the number of spring coils of the springs have a certain influence on the band gap range, but the influence is small relative to the size of the vibrator.
In summary, according to the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure provided by the invention, the metamaterial structure is periodically added to the classical beam, the classical plate and the classical shell, and the up-down regulation and control of the band gap range are realized through the size and the local resonance characteristic of the vibrator, so that the band gap of a small-size structure can be obtained. This feature has significant advantages in many engineering applications, such as aerospace, automotive, marine, etc., where it is often desirable to use vibration isolation structures with high performance to cope with complex operating environments. Secondly, the vibration isolation structure adopts cells with local resonance characteristics to perform array arrangement. The cell structure comprises an outer frame with a negative poisson ratio structure, a spring, a circular ring and a vibrator, the design is exquisite, and the vibration isolation performance can be effectively adjusted by changing the structural parameters of the cell. Furthermore, the invention also provides a method for preparing the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure cell. The method adopts a 3D printing technology and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, short period, low cost and the like. Meanwhile, as the 3D printing technology has high degree of freedom, various complex cell structures can be conveniently manufactured, and the performance and the application range of the cell are further improved. Finally, the invention also adjusts the band gap range by selecting the outer frame materials with different negative poisson ratios, and adjusts the band gap range by adjusting the rigidity or the number of turns of the spring, so that the performance of the vibration isolation structure is more flexible and diversified. This not only improves the flexibility of the vibration isolation structure, but also provides more options for engineering applications.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.
Claims (7)
1. An acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure with adjustable band gap comprises a base structure (1); the method is characterized in that:
the foundation structure (1) is connected with the centralized mass (3) through a plurality of vibration isolation structures (2) which are arranged in an array manner;
the vibration isolation structure (2) is arranged in an array in a specific direction by cells (4) with local resonance characteristics;
the cell (4) comprises a negative poisson ratio structure outer frame (41), a spring (42), a circular ring (43) and a vibrator (44), wherein the circular ring (43) is rigidly connected to the middle part of the negative poisson ratio structure outer frame (41) up and down through the spring (42), and the circular ring (43) is embedded into the cylindrical vibrator (44) in an interference fit manner.
2. The band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibrator (44) is made of a high density material tungsten bronze crystal.
3. The band gap adjusting method of the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the band gap range is adjusted up and down by adding the metamaterial structure period to classical beams, plates and shells and adjusting the size of a vibrator (44), and a small-size structure is achieved by utilizing the local resonance characteristic of the vibrator (44) to obtain a band gap with a lower frequency.
4. The band gap adjustment method of the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the band gap range is adjusted by selecting materials of outer frames (41) of different negative poisson ratios.
5. The band gap adjusting method of the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the band gap range is adjusted by adjusting the stiffness of the spring (42) or the number of turns of the spring (42).
6. The manufacturing method of the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure cell according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a proper printing material according to the requirement of the cell (4) material;
s2: building a single cell model of the cell (4) by utilizing 3D modeling software design;
s3: the material was 3D printed using fused deposition techniques (FDM) according to a designed unit cell model.
7. The method for manufacturing the band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure cell according to claim 6, wherein the cell (4) is made of one selected from polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polylactic acid (PLA) and aluminum alloy AlSi10 Mg.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311363082.1A CN117628099A (en) | 2023-10-19 | 2023-10-19 | Band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure and adjusting method |
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| CN202311363082.1A CN117628099A (en) | 2023-10-19 | 2023-10-19 | Band gap adjustable acoustic metamaterial vibration isolation structure and adjusting method |
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