CN117627954A - Impeller capable of effectively improving cavitation resistance and high-speed centrifugal pump structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an impeller capable of effectively improving anti-cavitation performance and a high-speed centrifugal pump structure, and relates to the technical field of centrifugal pumps. The pressure compensation mechanism is coaxially arranged outside the impeller rim, the pressure compensation mechanism is fixedly connected with the impeller rim, the vane assembly is coaxially arranged inside the impeller rim, the main vane array is arranged on the periphery of the hub and is fixedly connected with the hub, the inlet edge of the main vane extends to the position close to the inlet edge of the impeller corresponding to the inlet of the impeller, the outlet edge of the main vane is flush with the outlet edge of the impeller corresponding to the outlet of the impeller, and the front edge of the front extension auxiliary vane extends to the position close to the inlet of the impeller. According to the invention, the first jet port and the second jet port corresponding to the positions of the front extension pair blades are arranged, and the centrifugal pump can realize pressure compensation in the low-pressure area of the front extension pair blades no matter when the centrifugal pump is used for conveying small-flow or large-flow liquid through the specific structural design of the jet assembly, so that cavitation can be effectively avoided.

Description

Impeller capable of effectively improving cavitation resistance and high-speed centrifugal pump structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal pumps, and particularly relates to an impeller capable of effectively improving anti-cavitation performance and a high-speed centrifugal pump structure.

Background

The high-speed centrifugal pump is used as important fluid conveying equipment, plays a role in various fields such as energy, national defense, nuclear power and the like, and the application field of the pump is continuously expanded along with the development of scientific technology. However, there is a century difficult problem in the pump industry to inhibit the development of cavitation and cavitation phenomena in the pump, namely cavitation, cavitation or gas-liquid mixing of liquid at the impeller inlet of the pump. This can lead to reduced pump efficiency, increased noise, increased vibration, and even possible pump failure and damage. Therefore, it is of great practical importance to study the effect of cavitation in centrifugal pumps and solutions.

Aiming at how to improve the cavitation performance of the pump, researchers at home and abroad search for a large number of ways, and propose to apply an inducer device at the inlet of the impeller, and apply work to the fluid through the rotation action of the inducer, so as to improve the pressure and the flow velocity of the fluid and finally inhibit the generation and the development of cavitation at the inlet of the impeller. However, after the inducer is applied, the whole pump structure becomes complex, in addition, gap leakage exists between the inducer and the wall surface, so that a flow field is more disordered, the energy performance of the pump is affected, the matching characteristics of the inducer and the impeller are difficult to master, and the inducer with poor design cannot remarkably improve the cavitation resistance of the pump. Therefore, the impeller and the high-speed centrifugal pump structure for effectively improving the cavitation resistance are provided, so that the technical problem of cavitation of the centrifugal pump is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an impeller and a high-speed centrifugal pump structure capable of effectively improving cavitation resistance, and solves the problems in the background technology through specific structural designs of an impeller mounting assembly, a pressure compensation mechanism and a vane assembly.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to an impeller capable of effectively improving cavitation resistance, which comprises an impeller mounting assembly, wherein the impeller mounting assembly comprises an impeller rim, the front end of the impeller rim is provided with an impeller inlet, and the rear end of the impeller rim is provided with an impeller outlet; the pressure compensation mechanism is coaxially arranged outside the impeller rim, and is fixedly connected with the impeller rim; and the vane component is coaxially arranged inside the impeller rim, and is in running fit with the impeller rim.

The blade assembly comprises a main blade, the main blade array is arranged on the periphery of the hub and is fixedly connected with the hub, the inlet edge of the main blade extends to the position close to the inlet edge of the impeller corresponding to the inlet of the impeller, and the outlet edge of the main blade is flush with the outlet edge of the impeller corresponding to the outlet of the impeller; and the front extension auxiliary blades are arranged on the periphery of the hub and are fixedly connected with each other, the front edges of the front extension auxiliary blades extend to the position close to the inlet of the impeller, and the front extension auxiliary blades are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the main blades.

The length of the front extension auxiliary blade is 10% -20% of the total length of the main blade and the front extension auxiliary blade, the rotation angle of the extension part of the front extension auxiliary blade is 360/8n-360/4n, the front extension auxiliary blade is used for guiding working surface fluid to the back surface to inhibit cavitation, and the included angle between the inlet side and the outlet side of the main blade is 250 ° -500 °.

The invention is further arranged that the impeller mounting assembly further comprises an impeller front cover plate, and the impeller front cover plate is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim; the impeller rear cover plate and the impeller front cover plate are coaxially arranged, and the impeller rear cover plate is arranged at one side of the impeller front cover plate, which is far away from the impeller rim; and the backflow ports are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the front cover plate of the impeller, are in one-to-one correspondence with the main blades, and are used for conveying fluid at the outlet of the impeller to the inlet direction of the impeller.

The invention is further arranged that the impeller mounting assembly further comprises an annular flow gathering pipe which is coaxially arranged at one side of the impeller front cover plate, which is close to the impeller rim; the backflow branch pipes are fixedly arranged between the impeller front cover plate and the annular flow gathering pipe, the backflow branch pipes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the backflow ports, one end of each backflow branch pipe is communicated with the annular flow gathering pipe, and the other end of each backflow branch pipe is communicated with the corresponding backflow port; the first jet ports are uniformly arranged on the peripheral side surface of the impeller rim, the first jet ports are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the front extension auxiliary blades, and the first jet ports are aligned with the suction surfaces of the corresponding front extension auxiliary blades; and the second jet orifices are uniformly arranged on the peripheral side surface of the impeller rim, the second jet orifices are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the front extension auxiliary blades, and the second jet orifices are aligned with the pressure surfaces of the corresponding front extension auxiliary blades.

The invention is further arranged that the pressure compensation mechanism comprises a jet flow switching assembly controlled by buoyancy; the jet flow switching assembly comprises a buoyancy control disc, and the buoyancy control disc is fixedly arranged at the front end of the impeller rim in a coaxial manner; the fluid inlet cavity is arranged in the buoyancy control disc and close to the bottom, and a plurality of fluid inlets communicated with the fluid inlet cavity are formed in the side wall of the buoyancy control disc, which is far away from the impeller front cover plate; the buoyancy control cavity is arranged in the buoyancy control disc and near the top, and the buoyancy control cavity is communicated with the fluid inlet cavity through an arc-shaped diversion cavity.

The invention is further arranged that a first jet connecting hole, a second jet connecting hole and a third jet connecting hole are arranged on the side wall, close to the impeller front cover plate, of the buoyancy control disc, and the first jet connecting hole, the second jet connecting hole and the third jet connecting hole are communicated with the buoyancy control cavity; the buoyancy control cavity is internally provided with a buoyancy shielding piece in a sliding manner, when the buoyancy shielding piece moves upwards to be attached to the top of the buoyancy control cavity, the first jet connecting hole and the second jet connecting hole are in a closed state, and the third jet connecting hole is in an open state; when the buoyancy shielding piece moves downwards to be attached to the bottom of the buoyancy control cavity, the first jet connecting hole and the second jet connecting hole are in an open state, and the third jet connecting hole is in a closed state.

The invention is further arranged that the pressure compensation mechanism also comprises a jet flow component coaxially and fixedly arranged outside the impeller rim; the jet assembly comprises a jet ring body, and the jet ring body is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the impeller rim; the first jet cavity is coaxially arranged at one side, away from the buoyancy control disc, of the inner part of the jet ring body; and the second jet cavity is coaxially arranged at one side, close to the buoyancy control disc, of the inner part of the jet ring body.

The invention is further characterized in that a plurality of first jet pipes are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body, one end of each first jet pipe is communicated with the first jet cavity, and the other end of each first jet pipe is in clearance fit in the corresponding first jet port; the jet flow ring body is characterized in that second jet pipes corresponding to the first jet pipes one by one are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet flow ring body, one end of each second jet pipe is communicated with the corresponding second jet flow cavity, and the other end of each second jet pipe is in clearance fit with the corresponding second jet flow port.

The jet assembly further comprises a first jet connecting pipe, a second jet connecting pipe and a third jet connecting pipe; one end of the first jet connecting pipe is communicated with the first jet connecting hole, and the other end of the first jet connecting pipe is communicated with the annular flow collecting pipe; one end of the second jet connecting pipe is communicated with the second jet connecting hole, and the other end of the second jet connecting pipe is communicated with the first jet cavity; one end of the third jet connecting pipe is communicated with the third jet connecting hole, and the other end of the third jet connecting pipe is communicated with the second jet cavity.

The utility model provides a high-speed centrifugal pump structure based on effectively improve impeller of anti cavitation performance, includes the centrifugal pump body, be connected with the balance pipe between the pump inlet and the pump outlet of the centrifugal pump body, the balance pipe is used for balancing the axial force of the centrifugal pump body, the balance pipe export extends to impeller import department and buckles 90 along impeller import opposite direction.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention can apply work to the fluid through the front extending pair of blades, thereby improving the pressure of the fluid, inhibiting cavitation, improving the anti-cavitation performance of the pump, extending the outlet part of the balance pipe to the middle position of the inlet of the impeller and bending the balance pipe by 90 degrees along the opposite direction of the inlet of the impeller in order to reduce the impact to the liquid at the inlet of the impeller.

2. According to the invention, the first jet port and the second jet port which correspond to the positions of the front extension pair blades are arranged on the impeller rim, and the pressure compensation in the low-pressure area of the front extension pair blades can be realized no matter the centrifugal pump is used for delivering small-flow or large-flow liquid through the specific structural design of the jet assembly, so that cavitation can be effectively avoided, and simultaneously, the cavitation resistance of the centrifugal pump is greatly improved by combining the combined action of the front extension pair blades and the balance tube.

Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-speed centrifugal pump structure based on an impeller for effectively improving anti-cavitation performance in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of an impeller for effectively improving anti-cavitation performance in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal structural cross-sectional view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 4 at another angle.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the pressure compensation mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the structure of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a rear view of the structure of fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the longitudinal structure of fig. 8.

FIG. 11 is a structural elevation view of a bucket assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a staggered rear elevation view of the impeller blades of the vane assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front elevation view of the staggered impeller blades of the vane assembly of the present invention.

In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:

1-impeller mounting assembly, 11-impeller rim, 12-impeller inlet, 13-impeller outlet, 14-impeller front cover plate, 15-impeller back cover plate, 16-return port, 17-annular converging tube, 18-return manifold, 19-first jet port, 110-second jet port, 2-pressure compensating mechanism, 21-jet switching assembly, 211-buoyancy control disk, 212-fluid inlet cavity, 213-fluid inlet port, 214-buoyancy control cavity, 215-arc-shaped flow guiding cavity, 22-buoyancy shield, 23-jet assembly, 231-jet annulus, 232-first jet cavity, 233-second jet cavity, 234-first jet tube, 235-second jet tube, 236-first jet manifold, 237-second jet manifold, 238-third jet manifold, 3-vane assembly, 31-main vane, 32-inlet side, 33-impeller inlet side, 34-impeller outlet side, 35-forevane, 4-pump body, 401-balance manifold, 402-pump inlet.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

Referring to fig. 1-13, the present invention is an impeller for effectively improving anti-cavitation performance, comprising an impeller mounting assembly 1, a pressure compensating mechanism 2 and a vane assembly 3; the impeller mounting assembly 1 comprises an impeller rim 11, wherein an impeller inlet 12 is formed in the front end of the impeller rim 11, and an impeller outlet 13 is formed in the rear end of the impeller rim 11; the pressure compensation mechanism 2 is coaxially arranged outside the impeller rim 11, and the pressure compensation mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with the impeller rim 11; the vane component 3 is coaxially arranged inside the impeller rim 11, and the vane component 3 is in running fit with the impeller rim 11;

wherein the vane assembly 3 comprises a main blade 31 and a projecting sub-blade 35; the main blade 31 array is disposed on the periphery of the hub and fixedly connected with the hub, the inlet edge 32 of the main blade 31 extends to the position close to the corresponding impeller inlet edge 33 of the impeller inlet 12, the outlet edge of the main blade 31 is flush with the corresponding impeller outlet edge 34 of the impeller outlet 13, and the impeller in this embodiment is a closed impeller.

The front extending auxiliary blades 35 are arranged on the periphery of the hub in an array manner and are fixedly connected with each other, the front edges of the front extending auxiliary blades 35 (specifically, the inlet edges 36 of the front extending auxiliary blades 35) extend to be close to the impeller inlet 12 (the front extending auxiliary blades 35 have the capability of lifting the fluid pressure at the inlet, the effect is similar to that of a traditional inducer), and the front extending auxiliary blades 35 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner with the main blades 31;

the length of the projecting sub-vane 35 is 10% -20% of the total length of the main vane 31 and the projecting sub-vane 35, the rotation angle of the extending part of the projecting sub-vane 35 is 360/8n-360/4n (n is the number of the impeller vanes) for guiding the working surface fluid to the back surface so as to restrain cavitation generation at the position of the impeller inlet 12, and the included angle between the inlet side 32 and the outlet side 34 of the main vane 31 is 250 ° -500 °.

In this embodiment of the invention, the impeller mounting assembly 1 further comprises an impeller front cover plate 14, an impeller rear cover plate 15 and a return opening 16; the impeller front cover plate 14 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim 11 in a coaxial manner; the impeller rear cover plate 15 and the impeller front cover plate 14 are coaxially arranged, and the impeller rear cover plate 15 is arranged on one side of the impeller front cover plate 14 away from the impeller rim 11; the return openings 16 are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the impeller front cover plate 14, the return openings 16 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the main blades 31, and the return openings 16 are used for conveying fluid at the impeller outlet 13 to the direction of the impeller inlet 12.

Second embodiment

On the basis of the first embodiment, the impeller mounting assembly 1 further comprises an annular flow collecting pipe 17, a backflow branch pipe 18, a first jet orifice 19 and a second jet orifice 110; the annular flow collecting pipe 17 is coaxially arranged on one side of the impeller front cover plate 14 close to the impeller rim 11; the backflow branch pipes 18 are fixedly arranged between the impeller front cover plate 14 and the annular flow collecting pipe 17, the backflow branch pipes 18 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the backflow ports 16, one end of each backflow branch pipe 18 is communicated with the annular flow collecting pipe 17, and the other end of each backflow branch pipe 18 is communicated with the corresponding backflow port 16;

the first jet ports 19 are uniformly arranged on the peripheral side surface of the impeller rim 11, the first jet ports 19 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the front extension auxiliary blades 35, and the first jet ports 19 are aligned with the suction surfaces of the corresponding front extension auxiliary blades 35; the second jet ports 110 are uniformly arranged on the peripheral side surface of the impeller rim 11, and the second jet ports 110 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding projecting sub-blades 35, and the second jet ports 110 are aligned with the pressure surfaces of the corresponding projecting sub-blades 35.

When the centrifugal pump operates under the low flow condition, the inlet of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 generates a positive attack angle, fluid impacts on the pressure surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35, so that the pressure of the suction surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 is reduced, flow separation occurs, and cavitation phenomenon can be generated when the pressure of the suction surface low-pressure area of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 is reduced to the vaporization pressure of a medium. In the low flow condition, because the flow in the impeller inlet 12 is smaller, the high-pressure fluid is ejected from the first jet orifice 19 and impacts on the suction surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35, so that low-pressure compensation on the suction surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 is realized, the pressure in the low-pressure area is increased to be higher than the vaporization pressure of liquid, and cavitation of the suction surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 is relieved.

When the centrifugal pump operates under a high-flow working condition, a negative attack angle is generated at the inlet of the front extension auxiliary blade 35, fluid impacts on the suction surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35, so that the pressure of the pressure surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 is reduced, flow separation occurs, and cavitation phenomenon can be generated when the pressure of the pressure surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 is reduced to the vaporization pressure of a medium. In the high-flow condition, due to the large flow in the impeller inlet 12, the high-pressure fluid is ejected from the second jet orifice 110 and impacts on the pressure surface of the front extension auxiliary vane 35, so that low-pressure compensation on the pressure surface of the front extension auxiliary vane 35 is realized, the pressure of the front extension auxiliary vane is increased to be above the vaporization pressure of the liquid, and cavitation of the pressure surface of the front extension auxiliary vane 35 is relieved.

In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure compensating mechanism 2 comprises a jet switch assembly 21 controlled by buoyancy; wherein the jet switch assembly 21 comprises a buoyancy control disk 211, a fluid inlet chamber 212, and a buoyancy control chamber 214; the buoyancy control disc 211 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the impeller rim 11 in a coaxial manner;

the fluid inlet cavity 212 is arranged in the buoyancy control disc 211 and near the bottom, and a plurality of fluid inlet openings 213 communicated with the fluid inlet cavity 212 are arranged on the side wall of the buoyancy control disc 211 far away from the impeller front cover plate 14; the buoyancy control cavity 214 is arranged in the buoyancy control disc 211 and near the top, and the buoyancy control cavity 214 is communicated with the fluid inlet cavity 212 through the arc-shaped flow guide cavity 215; fluid may enter the fluid inlet chamber 212 through the fluid inlet 213 during operation of the centrifugal pump, and up and down movement of the buoyancy shield 22 may be achieved when fluid accumulates in the buoyancy control chamber 214.

In this embodiment of the invention, the buoyancy control disk 211 is provided with a first jet connection hole, a second jet connection hole and a third jet connection hole near the side wall of the impeller front cover plate 14, and the first jet connection hole, the second jet connection hole and the third jet connection hole are communicated with the buoyancy control cavity 214; the buoyancy control cavity 214 is internally provided with a buoyancy shielding piece 22 in a sliding manner, when the buoyancy shielding piece 22 moves upwards to be attached to the top of the buoyancy control cavity 214, the first jet connecting hole and the second jet connecting hole are in a closed state, and the third jet connecting hole is in an open state; when the buoyancy shield 22 moves down to fit the bottom of the buoyancy control chamber 214, the first and second jet holes are in an open state and the third jet hole is in a closed state.

In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure compensation mechanism 2 further comprises a jet assembly 23 coaxially and fixedly arranged outside the impeller rim 11; wherein the jet assembly 23 comprises a jet ring 231, a first jet cavity 232 and a second jet cavity 233; the jet ring body 231 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the impeller rim 11 in a coaxial manner; the first jet cavity 232 is coaxially arranged at one side of the inner part of the jet ring body 231 far away from the buoyancy control disc 211; the second fluidic chamber 233 is coaxially disposed within the fluidic ring 231 on a side thereof adjacent to the buoyancy control disk 211.

A plurality of first jet pipes 234 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body 231, one end of each first jet pipe 234 is communicated with the first jet cavity 232, and the other end of each first jet pipe 234 is in clearance fit in the corresponding first jet port 19; the inner wall of the jet ring body 231 is fixedly provided with second jet pipes 235 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first jet pipes 234, one end of each second jet pipe 235 is communicated with the corresponding second jet cavity 233, and the other end of each second jet pipe 235 is in clearance fit inside the corresponding second jet port 110.

In this embodiment of the invention, the jet assembly 23 further includes a first jet link 236, a second jet link 237, and a third jet link 238; wherein one end of the first jet connection pipe 236 is communicated with the first jet connection hole, and the other end of the first jet connection pipe 236 is communicated with the annular flow gathering pipe 17; one end of the second jet connection pipe 237 is communicated with the second jet connection hole, and the other end of the second jet connection pipe 237 is communicated with the first jet cavity 232; one end of the third jet connecting pipe 238 is communicated with the third jet connecting hole, and the other end of the third jet connecting pipe 238 is communicated with the second jet cavity 233.

When the centrifugal pump is operated under the low-flow condition, fluid enters the fluid inlet cavity 212 along the fluid inlet 213 and flows upwards along the arc-shaped diversion cavity 215, the liquid level inside the whole buoyancy control disc 211 is at a low position, the buoyancy shielding piece 22 shields the third jet connection hole, the first jet connection hole and the second jet connection hole are in an open state, the fluid at the impeller outlet 13 flows into the first jet connection pipe 236 along the backflow port 16, flows into the buoyancy control cavity 214 from the first jet connection pipe 236, flows into the first jet cavity 232 from the second jet connection pipe 237, and finally the backflow liquid is sprayed out from the first jet pipe 234 to the suction surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 under high pressure.

When the centrifugal pump operates under a high-flow condition, fluid enters the fluid inlet cavity 212 along the fluid inlet 213 and flows upwards into the buoyancy control cavity 214 along the arc-shaped flow guide cavity 215, the liquid level inside the whole buoyancy control disc 211 is at a high position, at this time, the buoyancy shielding piece 22 is attached to the top part of the buoyancy control cavity 214 to shield the first jet connection hole and the second jet connection hole, the third jet connection hole is in an open state, liquid inside the buoyancy control disc 211 flows into the second jet cavity 233 along the third jet connection pipe 238, and finally the liquid is ejected from the second jet pipe 235 to the pressure surface of the front extension auxiliary blade 35 under high pressure.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The utility model provides a high-speed centrifugal pump structure based on effectively improve impeller of anti cavitation performance, includes centrifugal pump body 4, is connected with balance pipe 401 between the pump inlet 402 and the pump outlet of centrifugal pump body 4, and balance pipe 401 is used for balancing centrifugal pump body 4's axial force, and the balance pipe 401 export extends to impeller import 12 department and along impeller import 12 opposite direction 90.

In order to balance the axial thrust of the water pump in the mechanical structure in the pump, the axial movement of the rotor is reduced, the impeller and the shell are prevented from being rubbed, the balance pipe 401 is adopted to offset the axial thrust, in the embodiment, the outlet of the balance pipe 401 extends to the impeller inlet 12 and bends 90 degrees along the opposite direction of the impeller inlet 12, so that the impact on inlet fluid is reduced, the influence of inlet flow distortion on cavitation can be further reduced, the traditional inducer and balance hole structure is eliminated, and the cavitation performance of the pump can be effectively improved through the special arrangement of the vane extending forwards and the balance pipe 401.

In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. An impeller for effectively improving cavitation resistance, comprising:

the impeller mounting assembly (1), the impeller mounting assembly (1) comprises an impeller rim (11), an impeller inlet (12) is formed in the front end of the impeller rim (11), and an impeller outlet (13) is formed in the rear end of the impeller rim (11);

the pressure compensation mechanism (2) is coaxially arranged outside the impeller rim (11), and the pressure compensation mechanism (2) is fixedly connected with the impeller rim (11); and

the vane component (3) is coaxially arranged inside the impeller rim (11), and the vane component (3) is in running fit with the impeller rim (11);

wherein the vane assembly (3) comprises:

the main blades (31), the main blades (31) are arranged on the periphery of the hub in an array manner and are fixedly connected with each other, the inlet edges (32) of the main blades (31) extend to the positions close to the corresponding impeller inlet edges (33) of the impeller inlet (12), and the outlet edges of the main blades (31) are flush with the corresponding impeller outlet edges (34) of the impeller outlet (13); and

the front extension auxiliary blades (35) are arranged on the periphery of the hub in an array mode and fixedly connected with the hub, the front edges of the front extension auxiliary blades (35) extend to the position close to the impeller inlet (12), and the front extension auxiliary blades (35) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the main blades (31);

the length of the front extension auxiliary blade (35) is 10% -20% of the total length of the main blade (31) and the front extension auxiliary blade (35), the rotation angle of the extension part of the front extension auxiliary blade (35) is 360/8n-360/4n, the front extension auxiliary blade is used for guiding working surface fluid to the back surface to inhibit cavitation, and the included angle between the inlet edge (32) and the outlet edge (34) of the main blade (31) is 250 ° -500 °.

2. An impeller effective to enhance anti-cavitation performance in accordance with claim 1, wherein the impeller mounting assembly (1) further comprises:

the impeller front cover plate (14) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim (11) in a coaxial manner;

the impeller rear cover plate (15) is arranged coaxially with the impeller front cover plate (14), and the impeller rear cover plate (15) is arranged on one side, far away from the impeller rim (11), of the impeller front cover plate (14); and

the backflow port (16), backflow port (16) set up in the circumference impeller front shroud (14) surface, just backflow port (16) with main blade (31) one-to-one sets up, backflow port (16) are used for carrying the fluid of impeller export (13) department toward impeller import (12) direction.

3. An impeller effective to enhance anti-cavitation performance in accordance with claim 2, wherein the impeller mounting assembly (1) further comprises:

the annular flow collecting pipe (17) is coaxially arranged on one side, close to the impeller rim (11), of the impeller front cover plate (14);

the backflow branch pipes (18) are fixedly arranged between the impeller front cover plate (14) and the annular flow collecting pipe (17), the backflow branch pipes (18) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the backflow ports (16), one ends of the backflow branch pipes (18) are communicated with the annular flow collecting pipe (17), and the other ends of the backflow branch pipes (18) are communicated with the corresponding backflow ports (16);

the first jet ports (19) are uniformly arranged on the peripheral side surface of the impeller rim (11), the first jet ports (19) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the front extension auxiliary blades (35), and the first jet ports (19) are aligned with the suction surfaces of the corresponding front extension auxiliary blades (35); and

the second jet ports (110), the second jet ports (110) are evenly arranged on the peripheral side face of the impeller rim (11), the second jet ports (110) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the front extension auxiliary blades (35), and the second jet ports (110) are aligned with the pressure faces of the corresponding front extension auxiliary blades (35).

4. An impeller effective to enhance cavitation resistance according to claim 3 wherein the pressure compensating means (2) comprises a jet switch assembly (21) controlled by buoyancy; wherein the jet switching assembly (21) comprises:

the buoyancy control disc (211) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the impeller rim (11) in a coaxial manner;

the fluid inlet cavity (212), the fluid inlet cavity (212) is arranged in the buoyancy control disc (211) and close to the bottom, and a plurality of fluid inlets (213) communicated with the fluid inlet cavity (212) are formed in the side wall of the buoyancy control disc (211) away from the impeller front cover plate (14); and

the buoyancy control cavity (214) is arranged in the buoyancy control disc (211) and near the top, and the buoyancy control cavity (214) is communicated with the fluid inlet cavity (212) through an arc-shaped flow guide cavity (215).

5. An impeller effective to enhance cavitation resistance as claimed in claim 4, wherein said buoyancy control disc (211) has first, second and third jet holes disposed adjacent to a side wall of said impeller front cover plate (14), said first, second and third jet holes each communicating with said buoyancy control chamber (214);

a buoyancy shielding piece (22) is slidably arranged in the buoyancy control cavity (214), when the buoyancy shielding piece (22) moves upwards to be attached to the top of the buoyancy control cavity (214), the first jet connecting hole and the second jet connecting hole are in a closed state, and the third jet connecting hole is in an open state; when the buoyancy shielding piece (22) moves downwards to be attached to the bottom of the buoyancy control cavity (214), the first jet connecting hole and the second jet connecting hole are in an open state, and the third jet connecting hole is in a closed state.

6. An impeller effective to enhance anti-cavitation performance in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that said pressure compensating means (2) further comprises a jet assembly (23) coaxially fixed to the outside of said impeller rim (11); wherein the jet assembly (23) comprises:

the jet ring body (231) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the impeller rim (11) in a coaxial manner;

the first jet cavity (232) is coaxially arranged at one side, far away from the buoyancy control disc (211), of the inner part of the jet ring body (231); and

and the second jet cavity (233) is coaxially arranged at one side, close to the buoyancy control disc (211), of the inner part of the jet ring body (231).

7. The impeller for effectively improving cavitation resistance according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of first jet pipes (234) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body (231), one end of each first jet pipe (234) is communicated with the first jet cavity (232), and the other end of each first jet pipe (234) is in clearance fit in the corresponding first jet port (19);

the jet flow ring body (231) is fixedly provided with second jet pipes (235) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first jet pipes (234), one end of each second jet pipe (235) is communicated with the corresponding second jet flow cavity (233), and the other end of each second jet pipe (235) is in clearance fit with the corresponding second jet flow port (110).

8. An impeller effective to enhance cavitation resistance as recited in claim 7, wherein said jet assembly (23) further comprises a first jet (236), a second jet (237) and a third jet (238); wherein,

one end of the first jet connecting pipe (236) is communicated with the first jet connecting hole, and the other end of the first jet connecting pipe (236) is communicated with the annular flow collecting pipe (17); one end of the second jet connecting pipe (237) is communicated with the second jet connecting hole, and the other end of the second jet connecting pipe (237) is communicated with the first jet cavity (232); one end of the third jet connecting pipe (238) is communicated with the third jet connecting hole, and the other end of the third jet connecting pipe (238) is communicated with the second jet cavity (233).

9. A high-speed centrifugal pump structure of an impeller for effectively improving cavitation resistance according to claim 8, characterized by comprising a centrifugal pump body (4), a balancing pipe (401) being connected between a pump inlet (402) and a pump outlet of the centrifugal pump body (4), the balancing pipe (401) being for balancing axial forces of the centrifugal pump body (4), an outlet of the balancing pipe (401) extending to an impeller inlet (12) and being bent by 90 ° in a direction opposite to the impeller inlet (12).