CN117627636A - Evaluation method for early productivity characteristics of strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir - Google Patents
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- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 166
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating early productivity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir, which comprises the following steps: step 1, acquiring the closing pressure and closing temperature of a gas well according to special well test data, and explaining to obtain reservoir seepage parameters; step 2, constructing a typical seepage model according to the seepage parameters of the reservoir; and 3, correcting the typical seepage model, and evaluating early productivity characteristics of the gas well by using the corrected typical seepage model. The invention can more effectively describe the early productivity characteristics of the strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir, thereby providing a powerful basis for the exploitation of gas wells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and particularly relates to an evaluation method for early productivity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir.
Background
Mining field practice shows that the steady-state simulation is difficult to achieve in the oil test of a sweet-system gas well under the influence of the complexity and the heterogeneity of a fracture-hole type carbonate gas reservoir, the flow state of each working system of the productivity test is different, and the complexity of a reservoir is not matched with the productivity evaluation method. In addition, at present, aiming at the recognition of the early production change rule of the low-permeability heterogeneous gas reservoir, more researches are conducted on single problems, such as production evaluation mainly around slipping effect, starting pressure gradient, high-speed non-Darcy effect, establishment of a gas well unstable non-resistance flow and test time relation curve graph plate and the like, and a system-perfected early production change rule recognition method is not formed. The productivity evaluation work of early evaluation and early development of the gas field is restricted, and the productivity evaluation result has weaker support on the production organization optimization of the developed well region and the development scale design of the well region to be developed, and is a key technical problem faced by the early evaluation well region, the developed well region and the well region to be evaluated of the seine.
Patent document with publication number of CN112576248A discloses a method for evaluating and predicting early productivity of a bottom water and gas reservoir, which comprises the following technical scheme: establishing a steady-state seepage mathematical model of a bottom water and gas reservoir shaft unit, importing well track data and logging permeability data, extracting production interval well track data and logging data, coupling a well flow equation and a reservoir flow equation according to a total potential distribution function of the bottom water and gas reservoir, drawing a dynamic characteristic curve of gas well inflow, obtaining the unimpeded flow of the gas well, and evaluating the production capacity of the gas well. The patent considers the differential distribution of the borehole track and the permeability along the borehole track, and the calculation result is more accurate; the required data is less, and only the borehole track and the logging data are needed; the method has strong universality and can calculate the productivity of vertical wells, horizontal wells, highly-inclined wells and serpentine wells. However, the following technical problems still exist in the practical application of the method:
1. logging data can only describe reservoir information near the well bore, and if reservoir heterogeneity is strong, knowledge deviation can be generated by using the information to build a model to evaluate the productivity and not reflect the actual gas reservoir condition.
2. The calculated capacity is only the capacity at a certain time point, and the relation between the capacity and the seepage change and the time change on the reservoir plane cannot be described.
As another example, patent document with publication number CN107563899a discloses a method and apparatus for predicting productivity of an oil and gas well, which includes: acquiring test information of an oil-gas well; determining an inflow dynamic model of the oil and gas well in a current productivity prediction period according to the test information; determining the yield in the current yield prediction period and the future average formation pressure in the next yield prediction period according to the inflow dynamic model in the current yield prediction period; and determining the inflow dynamic model of the oil gas well in the next productivity prediction period according to the inflow dynamic model of the oil gas well in the current productivity prediction period and the future average formation pressure of the oil gas well in the next productivity prediction period, and predicting the productivity of the oil gas well in the next productivity prediction period. The method can determine the inflow dynamics of the oil-gas well under a certain future production time by using the test information obtained by oil testing or gas testing, so that the future productivity of the oil-gas well can be predicted. However, in the method, the test information of the gas well is obtained through gas testing, the test time is generally a few hours, the reservoir seepage in the reforming area can be generally reflected, the data obtained in such a short time can only be used for establishing and describing the productivity in the reforming area of the gas well, and if the reservoir is strong in heterogeneity, huge deviation of knowledge can be generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems in the prior art and provide an evaluation method for the early productivity characteristics of the strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the technical scheme of the evaluation method for the early productivity characteristics of the strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring the closing pressure and closing temperature of a gas well according to special well test data, and explaining to obtain reservoir seepage parameters;
step 2, constructing a typical seepage model according to the seepage parameters of the reservoir;
and 3, correcting the typical seepage model, and evaluating early productivity characteristics of the gas well by using the corrected typical seepage model.
In the step 2, firstly, calculating the average permeability in the gas release radius of a certain time node after the gas well is opened according to the reservoir seepage parameters, then calculating the gas release radius according to the average permeability, then calculating the dynamic reserve of the gas well in the gas release radius on the one hand, calculating the productivity coefficient of the gas well according to the gas release radius and the average permeability on the other hand, and finally constructing a typical seepage model according to the average permeability, the gas release radius, the dynamic reserve of the gas well and the productivity coefficient of the gas well.
In step 2, the average permeability is calculated as follows:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,for average permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the t is time, h.
In step 2, the calculation method of the leakage radius is as follows:
in the formula (2), r i The air leakage radius is phi, the porosity is zero-dimensional; c (C) t Is the comprehensive compression coefficient of stratum, MPa -1 ；Is the average viscosity of natural gas, mPas.
In step 2, the method for calculating the dynamic reserve of the gas well within the gas release radius is as follows:
in the formula (3), G is the dynamic reserve of the gas well in the gas release radius, S wc Dimensionless for irreducible water saturation; b (B) gi As the original gas volume coefficient, m 3 /m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the R is the final recovery ratio.
In the step 2, the method for calculating the productivity coefficient of the gas well comprises the following steps:
in the formula (4), A t Is the unstable Darcy seepage term coefficient, MPa 2 /(10 4 m 3 /d)；Is a natural gas deviation factor of stratum conditions, and is dimensionless; />The average temperature K of the natural gas is the stratum condition; p is p SC Is the pressure of the gas in the standard state, 0.1013MPa; t (T) SC Is 293.16K, which is the temperature of the gas in the standard state.
In step 2, a typical seepage model is constructed as follows:
wherein,
in the formulae (5) to (6), B t Is the unstable non-Darcy seepage term coefficient, MPa 2 /(10 4 m 3 /d) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the D is the Fidaxid percolation coefficient, (m) 3 /d) -1 。
And 3, after the corrected typical seepage model is obtained, calculating the early productivity of the gas well according to the average permeability, the gas release radius, the dynamic reserve of the gas well and the productivity coefficient of the gas well, drawing a productivity change curve, and evaluating the early productivity characteristics of the gas well according to the productivity change curve.
And 3, correcting the typical seepage model according to the stable productivity of the gas well and the initial productivity of the gas well.
The gas well stable productivity is obtained according to gas well development stable well test evaluation, the gas well initial productivity is obtained according to gas well test yield and gas well test pressure calculation, and the gas well test yield and gas well test pressure are obtained according to gas well oil test data.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, a corrected typical seepage model can be constructed according to conventional data, and the early productivity characteristics of the strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir can be more effectively described by adopting the corrected typical seepage model. Specifically, the invention can obtain the productivity situation which is continuously changed along with time, and the accuracy can reach more than 95% under the condition that the data are satisfied, thereby not only overcoming the problems of large deviation of the early method and unclear production guidance, but also providing a powerful basis for the exploitation of a gas well.
2. The method has the advantages that the specific method can exactly solve the technical problems, the productivity situation which is changed continuously along with time can be obtained, the problem of unclear production guidance is provided for exploitation of the gas well, and a powerful basis is provided for exploitation of the gas well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the calculation of average permeability in step 2;
FIG. 3 is a graph of capacity change plotted in step 3;
FIG. 4 is a graph of capacity change for MX108 wells.
Detailed Description
In the production capacity evaluation process, it is known from the content of the production capacity of the gas wells that the potential production capacity of the gas wells with the same absolute value without flow can be different. If the dynamic reserves of the gas well are large, but the permeability is low, the expressed productivity is often low; conversely, if the dynamic reserves of a gas well are small, but the permeability is higher, higher productivity is exhibited, such as a fractured gas well. Therefore, in addition to the clear absolute flow rate of the degassing well, the change rule of the absolute flow rate of the gas well and key indexes such as dynamic reserves, flow capacity and the relation between the dynamic reserves, the flow capacity and the time are needed to be paid attention to and mastered. Specifically, the capacity evaluation should include: the time node of capacity description and absolute unimpeded flow rate, how the change trend is, how much the dynamic reserve is in the radius the pressure drop funnel of the gas well has been in at the current time node, how much the seepage capability of the current seepage system is. Based on the method, the invention discloses a method for evaluating the early productivity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir, which can obtain the productivity condition which continuously changes along with time and can more effectively describe the early productivity characteristics of the strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir. As shown in fig. 1, the technical scheme includes the following steps:
and step 1, acquiring the closing pressure and closing temperature of the gas well according to special well test data, and explaining to obtain reservoir seepage parameters. After the closing pressure and closing temperature of the gas well are obtained, the reservoir seepage parameters can be interpreted according to the closing pressure and closing temperature of the gas well by adopting conventional operation means in the field.
And 2, constructing a typical seepage model according to the reservoir seepage parameters obtained in the step 1. Specifically, after reservoir seepage parameters are obtained, firstly, calculating average permeability in a release radius of a certain time node after a gas well is opened according to the reservoir seepage parameters, wherein the certain time node can be any time node, then, calculating the release radius according to the average permeability, then, on one hand, calculating gas well dynamic reserves in the release radius, on the other hand, calculating gas well productivity coefficients according to the release radius and the average permeability, and finally, constructing a typical seepage model according to the average permeability, the release radius, the gas well dynamic reserves and the gas well productivity coefficients.
Further, the calculation methods of the average permeability, the gas release radius, the dynamic reserve of the gas well and the productivity coefficient of the gas well are respectively as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, the average permeability is calculated by:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,for average permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the t is time, h.
The calculation method of the leakage radius comprises the following steps:
in the formula (2), r i The air leakage radius is phi, the porosity is zero-dimensional; ct is the comprehensive compression coefficient of stratum and MPa -1 ；Is the average viscosity of natural gas, mPas.
The method for calculating the dynamic reserve of the gas well in the gas release radius comprises the following steps:
in the formula (3), G is the dynamic reserve of the gas well in the gas release radius, S wc Dimensionless for irreducible water saturation; b (B) gi As the original gas volume coefficient, m 3 /m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the R is the final recovery ratio.
The method for calculating the productivity coefficient of the gas well comprises the following steps:
in the formula (4), A t Is the unstable Darcy seepage term coefficient, MPa 2 /(10 4 m 3 /d)；Is a natural gas deviation factor of stratum conditions, and is dimensionless; />The average temperature K of the natural gas is the stratum condition; p is p SC Is the pressure of the gas in the standard state, 0.1013MPa; t (T) SC Is 293.16K, which is the temperature of the gas in the standard state.
After the average permeability, the gas release radius, the gas well dynamic reserve and the gas well productivity coefficient are obtained, a typical seepage model constructed based on the average permeability, the gas release radius, the gas well dynamic reserve and the gas well productivity coefficient is as follows:
wherein,
in the formulae (5) to (6), B t Is the unstable non-Darcy seepage term coefficient, MPa 2 /(10 4 m 3 /d) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the D is the Fidaxid percolation coefficient, (m) 3 /d) -1 。
In the step 3, the typical seepage model is corrected according to the stable productivity of the gas well and the initial productivity of the gas well, the stable productivity of the gas well can be obtained according to the stable well test evaluation of the gas well, the initial productivity of the gas well can be calculated according to the test productivity of the gas well and the test pressure of the gas well, and the test productivity of the gas well and the test pressure of the gas well can be obtained according to the test oil data of the gas well. After the corrected typical seepage model is obtained, the early production capacity of the gas well is calculated according to the average permeability, the gas leakage radius, the dynamic reserve capacity of the gas well and the production capacity coefficient of the gas well, a production capacity change curve is drawn, the drawn production capacity change curve is shown in fig. 3, and finally the early production capacity characteristics of the gas well can be evaluated according to the production capacity change curve.
After the method is developed and designed by the applicant, through years of experiments and a plurality of actual data verification, the method can be effectively applied to effectively and accurately evaluating early productivity characteristics in a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir, and the following actual verification method is provided for verifying the method, which is specifically as follows:
verification conditions: sichuan basin lamp four-intensity heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir MX108 well
The verification process comprises the following steps:
and step 1, acquiring the closing pressure and closing temperature of the gas well according to special well test data, and explaining to obtain reservoir seepage parameters. Specifically, developing special well test of MX108 well, measuring pressure gauge number 204409, depth 5034.125m, measuring 278h shut-in pressure recovery data, recovering pressure from 52.35MPa to 59.45MPa, measuring shut-in temperature 152.6deg.C, and explaining the pressure recovery data to obtain that the permeability of the far and near well areas is 1.26×10 respectively -3 μm 2 And 4.64×10 -3 μm 2 。
Step 2, constructing a typical seepage model according to the seepage parameters of the reservoir, and calculating average permeability, influence radius and A t 、B t Change value over time
Step 3, the productivity of the model constructed by the invention at the oil test time point is 60 multiplied by 10 4 m 3 D, test oil testData calculation the initial well capacity was 62X 10 4 m 3 /d。
Verification result: as shown in FIG. 4, compared with test oil test data, the method has higher accuracy and the accuracy can reach more than 95%, so that the method can accurately evaluate and continuously describe the early productivity characteristics of the gas well.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, it is understood that any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the features disclosed, or all of the steps in a method or process, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined in any manner.
Claims (10)
1. The method for evaluating the early productivity characteristics of the strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, acquiring the closing pressure and closing temperature of a gas well according to special well test data, and explaining to obtain reservoir seepage parameters;
step 2, constructing a typical seepage model according to the seepage parameters of the reservoir;
and 3, correcting the typical seepage model, and evaluating early productivity characteristics of the gas well by using the corrected typical seepage model.
2. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, firstly, calculating the average permeability in the gas release radius of a certain time node after the gas well is opened according to the reservoir seepage parameters, then calculating the gas release radius according to the average permeability, then calculating the dynamic reserve of the gas well in the gas release radius on the one hand, calculating the productivity coefficient of the gas well according to the gas release radius and the average permeability on the other hand, and finally constructing a typical seepage model according to the average permeability, the gas release radius, the dynamic reserve of the gas well and the productivity coefficient of the gas well.
3. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 2, wherein: in step 2, the average permeability is calculated as follows:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,for average permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the t is time, h.
4. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 3, wherein: in step 2, the calculation method of the leakage radius is as follows:
in the formula (2), r i The air leakage radius is phi, the porosity is zero-dimensional; c (C) t Is the comprehensive compression coefficient of stratum, MPa -1 ；Is the average viscosity of natural gas, mPas.
5. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 4, wherein: in step 2, the method for calculating the dynamic reserve of the gas well within the gas release radius is as follows:
in the formula (3), G is the dynamic reserve of the gas well in the gas release radius, S wc Dimensionless for irreducible water saturation; b (B) gi As the original gas volume coefficient, m 3 /m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the R is the final recovery ratio.
6. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 5, wherein: in the step 2, the method for calculating the productivity coefficient of the gas well comprises the following steps:
in the formula (4), A t Is the unstable Darcy seepage term coefficient, MPa 2 /(10 4 m 3 /d)；Is a natural gas deviation factor of stratum conditions, and is dimensionless; />The average temperature K of the natural gas is the stratum condition; p is p SC Is the pressure of the gas in the standard state, 0.1013MPa; t (T) SC Is 293.16K, which is the temperature of the gas in the standard state.
7. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 6, wherein: in step 2, a typical seepage model is constructed as follows:
wherein,
in the formulae (5) to (6), B t Is the unstable non-Darcy seepage term coefficient, MPa 2 /(10 4 m 3 /d) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the D is notDarcy percolation coefficient, (m) 3 /d) -1 。
8. The method for evaluating early productivity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate reservoir according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: and 3, after the corrected typical seepage model is obtained, calculating the early productivity of the gas well according to the average permeability, the gas release radius, the dynamic reserve of the gas well and the productivity coefficient of the gas well, drawing a productivity change curve, and evaluating the early productivity characteristics of the gas well according to the productivity change curve.
9. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein: and 3, correcting the typical seepage model according to the stable productivity of the gas well and the initial productivity of the gas well.
10. The method for evaluating early-stage capacity characteristics of a strong heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir according to claim 9, wherein: the gas well stable productivity is obtained according to gas well development stable well test evaluation, the gas well initial productivity is obtained according to gas well test yield and gas well test pressure calculation, and the gas well test yield and gas well test pressure are obtained according to gas well oil test data.
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