CN117626095A - 一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法 - Google Patents
一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
本发明公开一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、连铸或模铸、连铸坯或钢锭热送热装、加热、轧制、火焰切割工序进行控制;其中,所述连铸坯或钢锭热送热装工序,连铸坯或钢锭装炉温度为400~500℃;所述轧制工艺,粗轧道次单道次压下量30~40mm;所述火焰切割工艺,切割温度100~200℃,切割速度200~300mm/min。经本发明方法生产的中高碳钢钢板,无延迟裂纹情况出现。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域,具体涉及一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法。
背景技术
中高碳钢是指用途极其广泛的优质碳素结构钢,具有较高的强度和抗变形能力。该钢种合金元素主要为C、Si、Mn,不含有其他高价格合金元素,价格便宜,主要应用于模具行业。该钢种在生产过程,以及用户后续加工过程,常使用火焰切割。火焰切割后,火焰切割面未能立即发现裂纹,裂纹常在48小时至数周后产生,行业内称之为延迟裂纹。
同时,随着碳含量的增加,中高碳钢的淬透性也随之增加。在火焰切割面,易形成魏氏体,粗大马氏体等脆性组织,也会在热影响区出现铁素体未完全溶解而部分奥氏体化的现象。火焰切割常采用天然气和氧气,其燃烧产物会带来氢含量的增加;氢在钢中夹杂物处集中,当氢浓度达到临界值时,叠加魏氏体、马氏体脆性组织形成开裂。
延迟裂纹的产生常造成工件结构破坏而失效,从而给钢厂及下游客户造成不可估量的损失,所以急需解决中高碳钢的延迟裂纹问题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、连铸或模铸、连铸坯或钢锭热送热装、加热、轧制、火焰切割工序进行控制;其中,所述连铸坯或钢锭热送热装工序,连铸坯或钢锭装炉温度为400~500℃。
进一步地,本发明所述冶炼工序,通过LF炉精炼脱S,冶炼完成后成品S含量≤0.005%。
进一步地,本发明所述冶炼工序,所述LF炉精炼后钢液进行真空脱气处理,真空过程加大吹氩量,氩气流量100~300L/min,压力0.4~0.5MPa;真空毕,氢含量≤1.2ppm。
进一步地,本发明所述连铸工序,采用保护浇注,中间包烘烤良好并保持清洁,烘烤温度≥1100℃;大包长水口使用石棉垫圈+吹氩气密封浇注,中间包采用全密封,开浇前向中间包内吹氩气;结晶器液面波动±3mm;中间包过热度按15~30℃目标控制。
进一步地,本发明所述模铸工序,采用氩气保护罩吹氩气保护浇铸。所述氩气保护罩是如中国实用新型专利(CN204035494U)所述的氩气保护罩。
进一步地,本发明所述加热工序,连铸坯加热系数为10~11min/cm,保温段温度1230~1250℃;钢锭加热系数为1.8~2.0h/t,保温段温度1230~1250℃。
进一步地,本发明所述轧制工序,粗轧道次采用大压下,单道次压下量30~40mm。
进一步地,本发明所述火焰切割工序,切割温度100~200℃,切割速度200~300mm/min。
进一步地,本发明所述中高碳钢C含量为0.42~0.75wt%,Si含量为0.17~0.37wt%,Mn含量为0.35~0.90wt%;
本发明技术方案的发明原理及其有益技术效果在于:
(1)本发明通过对炼钢、连铸(模铸)的过程控制,有效降低钢中原始氢含量和夹杂物水平;
(2)400~500℃的热送热装温度,可以减少碳化物在晶界的析出,避免坯料在冷却过程中,氢在晶界的析出形成裂纹;
(3)轧制前,连铸坯或钢锭通过适当延长加热时间,相当于简化的扩散退火,可使锭/坯减轻显微组织偏析和均匀成分;
(4)通过提高轧制过程单道次压下量,减少锭/坯中疏松缺陷,避免裂纹源产生;同时可以细化晶粒,增加晶界面积,降低单位晶界面积下的碳化物析出;
(5)通过带温切割,减少魏氏体、马氏体等脆性组织的形成;
(6)本发明方法可将裂纹计划外率控制在0.5%以下,有效提高生产效率。
附图说明
图1为实施例1钢板切割后一周的切割面;
图2为实施例2钢板切割后一周的切割面;
图3为实施例3钢板切割后一周的切割面;
图4为实施例4钢板切割后一周的切割面;
图5为实施例5钢板切割后两周的切割面。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
本实施例钢板为采用连铸坯生产的45号钢,厚度规格为60mm,钢板化学成分组成:C含量为0.42wt%,Si含量为0.17wt%,Mn含量为0.40wt%。
降低钢板延迟裂纹的方法,包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、连铸、热送热装,轧制,火焰切割工序进行控制,具体如下:
(1)冶炼工序:包括LF炉精炼、VD炉真空处理:
通过LF炉精炼脱S,冶炼完成后成品S含量为0.005wt%。精炼后钢液进行真空脱气处理,真空过程加大吹氩量,氩气流量100~230L/min,压力0.4~0.5MPa;真空毕,氢含量1.12ppm。
(2)连铸工序,采用氩气保护浇注,中间包烘烤良好并保持清洁,烘烤温度1100℃;大包长水口使用石棉垫圈+吹氩气密封浇注,中间包采用全密封,开浇前向中间包内吹氩气;结晶器液面波动±3mm;中间包过热度按15~30℃目标控制,连铸坯厚度249mm。
(3)坯料热送热装:坯料装炉温度为425℃。
(4)加热工序:连铸坯加热系数为10min/cm,保温段温度按1230~1250℃目标控制。
(5)轧制工序:轧制粗轧道次采用大压下,共计压下4道次,单道次压下量分别为40mm、30mm、30mm、30mm。
(6)火焰切割工序:切割温度112℃,切割速度300mm/min。
本实施例钢板切割后一周未见延迟裂纹,见图1。
实施例2
本实施例钢板为采用连铸坯生产的S50C,厚度规格为100mm,钢板化学成分组成:C含量为0.50wt%,Si含量为0.21wt%,Mn含量为0.80wt%;
降低钢板延迟裂纹的方法,包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、连铸、热送热装,轧制,火焰切割工序进行控制,具体如下:
(1)冶炼工序:包括LF炉精炼、VD炉真空处理:
通过LF炉精炼脱S,冶炼完成后成品S含量为0.004wt%。精炼后钢液进行真空脱气处理,真空过程加大吹氩量,氩气流量120~300L/min,压力0.4~0.5MPa;真空毕,氢含量1.09ppm。
(2)连铸工序,采用氩气保护浇注,中间包烘烤良好并保持清洁,烘烤温度1120℃;大包长水口使用石棉垫圈+吹氩气密封浇注,中间包采用全密封,开浇前向中间包内吹氩气;结晶器液面波动±3mm;中间包过热度按15~30℃目标控制,连铸坯厚度300mm。
(3)坯料热送热装:坯料装炉温度为400℃。
(4)加热工序:连铸坯加热系数为11min/cm,保温段温度按1230~1250℃目标控制。
(5)轧制工序:轧制粗轧道次采用大压下,共计压下5道次,单道次压下量分别为40mm、30mm、30mm、30mm、30mm。
(6)火焰切割工序:切割温度100℃,切割速度260mm/min。
本实施例钢板切割后一周未见延迟裂纹,见图2。
实施例3
本实施例钢板为采用连铸坯生产的70号钢,厚度规格为70mm,钢板化学成分组成:C含量为0.75wt%,Si含量为0.37wt%,Mn含量为0.80wt%;
降低钢板延迟裂纹的方法,包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、连铸、热送热装,轧制,火焰切割工序进行控制,具体如下:
(1)冶炼工序:包括LF炉精炼、VD炉真空处理:
通过LF炉精炼脱S,冶炼完成后成品S含量为0.005wt%。精炼后钢液进行真空脱气处理,真空过程加大吹氩量,氩气流量110~240L/min,压力0.4~0.5MPa;真空毕,氢含量1.07ppm。
(2)连铸工序,采用氩气保护浇注,中间包烘烤良好并保持清洁,烘烤温度1100℃;大包长水口使用石棉垫圈+吹氩气密封浇注,中间包采用全密封,开浇前向中间包内吹氩气;结晶器液面波动±3mm;中间包过热度按15~30℃目标控制,连铸坯厚度300mm。
(3)坯料热送热装:坯料装炉温度为500℃。
(4)加热工序:连铸坯加热系数为10.5min/cm,保温段温度按1230~1250℃目标控制。
(5)轧制工序:轧制粗轧道次采用大压下,共计压下5道次,单道次压下量分别为40mm、40mm、40mm、30mm、30mm。
(6)火焰切割工序:切割温度200℃,切割速度200mm/min。
本实施例钢板切割后一周未见延迟裂纹,见图3。
实施例4
本实施例钢板为采用钢锭生产的S50C,厚度规格为300mm,钢板化学成分组成:C含量为0.50wt%,Si含量为0.20wt%,Mn含量为0.75wt%;
降低钢板延迟裂纹的方法,包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、模铸、热送热装,轧制,火焰切割工序进行控制,具体如下:
(1)冶炼工序:包括LF炉精炼、VD炉真空处理:
通过LF炉精炼脱S,冶炼完成后成品S含量为0.003wt%。精炼后钢液进行真空脱气处理,真空过程加大吹氩量,氩气流量100~230L/min,压力0.4~0.5MPa;真空毕,氢含量1.20ppm。
(2)模铸工序,采用氩气保护罩吹氩气保护浇铸。
(3)坯料热送热装:坯料装炉温度为400℃。
(4)加热工序,钢锭加热系数为1.8h/t,保温段温度1230~1250℃。
(5)轧制工序:轧制粗轧道次采用大压下,钢锭整形后,共计压下9道次,单道次压下量分别为40mm、40mm、30mm、30mm、30mm、30mm、30mm、30mm、30mm。
(6)火焰切割工序:切割温度200℃,切割速度200mm/min。
本实施例钢板切割后一周未见延迟裂纹,见图4。
实施例5
本实施例钢板为采用钢锭生产的S50C,厚度规格为450mm,钢板化学成分组成:C含量为0.51wt%,Si含量为0.30wt%,Mn含量为0.81wt%;
降低钢板延迟裂纹的方法,包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、模铸、热送热装,轧制,火焰切割工序进行控制,具体如下:
(1)冶炼工序:包括LF炉精炼、VD炉真空处理:
通过LF炉精炼脱S,冶炼完成后成品S含量为0.002wt%。精炼后钢液进行真空脱气处理,真空过程加大吹氩量,氩气流量100~230L/min,压力0.4~0.5MPa;真空毕,氢含量1.09ppm。
(2)模铸工序,采用氩气保护罩吹氩气保护浇铸。
(3)坯料热送热装:坯料装炉温度为450℃。
(4)加热工序,钢锭加热系数为2.0h/t,保温段温度1230~1250℃。
(5)轧制工序:轧制粗轧道次采用大压下,钢锭整形后,共计压下7道次,单道次压下量分别为40mm、40mm、30mm、30mm、30mm、30mm、30mm。
(6)火焰切割工序:切割温度200℃,切割速度200mm/min。
本实施例钢板切割后两周未见延迟裂纹,见图5。
以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (10)
1.一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括对钢板生产过程中的冶炼、连铸或模铸、连铸坯或钢锭热送热装、加热、轧制、火焰切割工序进行控制;其中,所述连铸坯或钢锭热送热装工序,连铸坯或钢锭装炉温度为400~500℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述冶炼工序,通过LF炉精炼脱S,冶炼完成后成品S含量≤0.005%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述LF炉精炼后钢液进行VD真空脱气处理,真空过程加大吹氩量,氩气流量100~300L/min,压力0.4~0.5MPa;真空毕,氢含量≤1.2ppm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述连铸工序,采用保护浇注,中间包烘烤良好并保持清洁,烘烤温度≥1100℃;大包长水口使用石棉垫圈+吹氩气密封浇注,中间包采用全密封,开浇前向中间包内吹氩气;结晶器液面波动±3mm;中间包过热度按15~30℃目标控制。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述模铸工序,采用氩气保护罩吹氩气保护浇铸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述加热工序,连铸坯加热系数为10~11min/cm,保温段温度1230~1250℃;钢锭加热系数为1.8~2.0h/t,保温段温度1230~1250℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述轧制工序,粗轧道次采用大压下,单道次压下量30~40mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述火焰切割工序,切割温度100~200℃,切割速度200~300mm/min。
9.根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,所述中高碳钢中的C含量为0.42~0.75wt%,Si含量为0.17~0.37wt%,Mn含量为0.35~0.90wt%。
10.根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的一种降低中高碳钢钢板延迟裂纹的方法,其特征在于,采用所述方法生产的中高碳钢,无延迟裂纹产生。
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