CN117624871A - Full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117624871A CN117624871A CN202311483853.0A CN202311483853A CN117624871A CN 117624871 A CN117624871 A CN 117624871A CN 202311483853 A CN202311483853 A CN 202311483853A CN 117624871 A CN117624871 A CN 117624871A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 liOH Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011943 nanocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001274216 Naso Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000001490 Dengue Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 206010012310 Dengue fever Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000025729 dengue disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008636 plant growth process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000379 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof, belonging to the technical field of non-soil planting, and comprising the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst are prepared according to the following process by taking the following components in parts by mass, the full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and the preparation process thereof have reasonable structural design, can improve the ventilation property, controllable biodegradation and the like of the planting sponge, can replace soil, peat soil and the like as planting matrixes of plants such as flowers, vegetables and the like, solve the defect that mosquitoes are easy to breed and fly dust are generated when the soil, peat soil are used as the plant planting matrixes, and have obvious effect on relieving epidemic diseases such as dengue fever and the like caused by the mosquitoes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-soil cultivation, in particular to a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The polyurethane material is a high polymer with excellent performance, can be prepared into sponge, elastomer, adhesive, paint and the like, wherein the water-absorbing polyurethane sponge can be used as a flower arrangement article and is a special material for fixing and supporting flower materials, in addition, the water-absorbing sponge can replace soil flower, indoor flower arrangement is facilitated, insect and ant breeding is avoided, scraps cannot be fallen, environmental protection and sanitation are achieved, but the porous polyurethane rigid foam is easy to burn, a large amount of heat and toxic smoke can be released in the burning process, the rescue is very unfavorable on a fire scene, and meanwhile, due to environmental protection requirements, a physical foaming agent containing chlorine or fluorine elements is gradually replaced by a more flammable pentane foaming agent, so that the polyurethane rigid foam is easier to burn.
CN202907514U discloses a preparation method of organic water-absorbing planting sponge, which is to mix an organic fertilizer with water-based PU glue, then fill the mixture into a mold, foam and form the mixture by a foaming machine to obtain the sponge capable of being used for planting plants, CN103524201a discloses a planting recovered composite material, which is to mix polyol, triethanolamine, silicone oil, water, organic tin and isocyanate uniformly to perform preliminary foaming, then add slow release fertilizer and water-absorbing resin to mix uniformly, pour the mixture into a steel mold to heat and cure for 2 hours, and the obtained product is stirred into powder by an electric stirrer to obtain a finished product, CN1948395A discloses a multifunctional polymer composite material of water-retaining fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The foaming is prepared by adopting polyether polyol through foaming, the degradation performance is poor, the inventor uses polypropylene carbonate or polyethylene carbonate polyol and isocyanate to foam to prepare biodegradable polycarbonate polyurethane foam plastic, and the prepared polyurethane foam plastic has a certain amount of closed cell structure, the air permeability of the foam is poor, carbon dioxide can be released from plant roots in the plant growth process, the carbon dioxide can be absorbed by the closed cell structure, the partial acid value is too high, the plant root rot phenomenon is caused, particularly, the plant root rot phenomenon is obvious, the plant survival rate is very low, and the practical application of the polyurethane foam as a plant planting substrate is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the prior polyurethane foam plastic contains a certain amount of closed cell structures, the air permeability of the foam is poor, carbon dioxide can be released from plant roots in the plant growth process, and the carbon dioxide can be absorbed by the closed cell structures, so that the partial acid value is too high, and the root rot phenomenon of plants is caused.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof comprise the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, and the components with the following mass ratios are prepared according to the following process;
preferably, 200 parts of polyurethane foam plastic particles, 80-100 parts of organic fertilizer and 50-100 parts of water-absorbent resin are added and mixed uniformly, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 60 parts of lithium hydroxide, 100 parts of thiourea and 150 parts of water are added, the mixture is stirred uniformly, the mixture is poured into a mold for foaming, and the foaming is completed, and the planting sponge is obtained after demoulding.
Preferably, the foaming agent is prepared by adding the following auxiliary materials in parts by weight into a container, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise, by weight, 70-140 parts of NaOH, 20-40 parts of LiOH and 70-140 parts of thiourea, and the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed and stirred, and 470-140 parts of NaSO, 70-140 parts of ZnSO and 70-140 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid are added in the middle of the mixing.
Preferably, naOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations are prepared, a certain amount of cellulose is added, the mixture is put into a refrigerator for freezing, the temperature is controlled to be between-5 ℃ and-12 ℃ l3, and the optimal mass ratio is about 7:2:7.
Preferably, pore-forming agent is added, stirred evenly, poured into a mould to be molded, then placed into a refrigerator, kept at a given temperature, aged for about 3 days, and the aged cellulose is placed into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid to be regenerated, washed and dried to obtain the finished product.
Preferably, the bionic polymer hydrogel is one or a mixture of at least two of hemicellulose water absorbent resin, cellulose ester water absorbent resin and lignin water absorbent resin.
Preferably, the foaming temperature is 3400-3600 minutes at 100-200 ℃.
Preferably, the catalyst comprises at least one of a foaming type catalyst and a gel type catalyst and a trimerization type catalyst, and the foaming type catalyst and the gel type catalyst are selected from one or more of a solid acid catalyst, an organic base catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a complex catalyst, a rare earth catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, a biological catalyst and a nano catalyst.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and the preparation process thereof, polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are selected as solvents, a certain proportion of sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are added, naOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations are added in a certain proportion before foaming reaction, a certain amount of cellulose is added, a pore-forming agent is added, the mixture is stirred uniformly, the mixture is poured into a mould to be molded and then placed into a refrigerator, the temperature is kept for aging, the aged cellulose is placed into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid to be regenerated, so that the ventilation property of the planting sponge can be improved, the characteristics of controllable biodegradation and the like can be achieved, soil, peat soil and the like can be replaced to be used as planting matrixes of plants such as flowers and vegetables, the defect that mosquitoes are easy to breed when the soil and peat soil are used as the plant matrixes, fly dust is generated can be overcome, and the effect on relieving epidemic diseases such as dengue and the like caused by the mosquitoes is obvious.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof comprise the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, and the components with the following mass ratios are prepared according to the following process;
200 parts of polyurethane foam plastic particles, 80 parts of organic fertilizer and 50 parts of water-absorbing resin are added and mixed uniformly, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 60 parts of lithium hydroxide, 100 parts of thiourea and 150 parts of water are added, the mixture is stirred uniformly, the mixture is poured into a mold for foaming, and the foaming is completed, and the planting sponge is obtained after demoulding.
The foaming agent is prepared by adding the following auxiliary materials in parts by weight into a container, adding 70 parts of NaOH, 20 parts of LiOH and 70 parts of thiourea into the container, uniformly mixing and stirring, and adding 470 parts of NaSO, 70 parts of ZnSO and 70 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid in the middle.
Preparing NaOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations, adding a certain amount of cellulose, putting into a refrigerator for freezing, controlling the temperature to be between-5 ℃ and-12 ℃ and l3, and the optimal mass ratio is about 7:2:7.
Adding pore-forming agent, stirring, pouring into a mould, molding, placing into a refrigerator, maintaining a given temperature, aging for about 3 days, placing the aged cellulose into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid for regeneration, washing, and drying to obtain the final product.
One or a mixture of at least two of bionic polymer hydrogel, hemicellulose water absorbent resin, cellulose ester water absorbent resin and lignin water absorbent resin.
Foaming reaction is carried out for 3400-3600 minutes at the foaming temperature of 100-200 ℃.
The catalyst comprises at least one of a foaming catalyst and a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst, wherein the foaming catalyst and the gel catalyst are selected from one or more of a solid acid catalyst, an organic base catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a complex catalyst, a rare earth catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, a biological catalyst and a nano catalyst.
Embodiment two:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof comprise the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, and the components with the following mass ratios are prepared according to the following process;
200 parts of polyurethane foam plastic particles, 85 parts of organic fertilizer and 60 parts of water-absorbing resin are added, mixed uniformly, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 60 parts of lithium hydroxide, 100 parts of thiourea and 150 parts of water are added, stirred uniformly, poured into a mold for foaming, and the foaming is completed, and the planting sponge is obtained after demoulding.
The foaming agent is prepared by adding the following auxiliary materials in parts by weight into a container before a foaming reaction, adding 85 parts of NaOH, 25 parts of LiOH and 85 parts of thiourea, uniformly mixing and stirring, and adding 485 parts of NaSO, 85 parts of ZnSO and 85 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid in the middle.
Preparing NaOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations, adding a certain amount of cellulose, putting into a refrigerator for freezing, controlling the temperature to be between-5 ℃ and-12 ℃ and l3, and the optimal mass ratio is about 7:2:7.
Adding pore-forming agent, stirring, pouring into a mould, molding, placing into a refrigerator, maintaining a given temperature, aging for about 3 days, placing the aged cellulose into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid for regeneration, washing, and drying to obtain the final product.
One or a mixture of at least two of bionic polymer hydrogel, hemicellulose water absorbent resin, cellulose ester water absorbent resin and lignin water absorbent resin.
Foaming reaction is carried out for 3400-3600 minutes at the foaming temperature of 100-200 ℃.
The catalyst comprises at least one of a foaming catalyst and a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst, wherein the foaming catalyst and the gel catalyst are selected from one or more of a solid acid catalyst, an organic base catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a complex catalyst, a rare earth catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, a biological catalyst and a nano catalyst.
Embodiment III:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof comprise the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, and the components with the following mass ratios are prepared according to the following process;
200 parts of polyurethane foam plastic particles, 90 parts of organic fertilizer and 70 parts of water-absorbent resin are added, mixed uniformly, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 60 parts of lithium hydroxide, 100 parts of thiourea and 150 parts of water are added, stirred uniformly, poured into a mold for foaming, and the planting sponge is obtained after the foaming is completed and the demolding is carried out.
The foaming agent is prepared by adding the following auxiliary materials in parts by weight into a container before a foaming reaction, wherein 90 parts of NaOH, 30 parts of LiOH and 90 parts of thiourea are added into the container, mixed and stirred uniformly, and 490 parts of NaSO, 90 parts of ZnSO and 90 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid are added in the middle.
Preparing NaOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations, adding a certain amount of cellulose, putting into a refrigerator for freezing, controlling the temperature to be between-5 ℃ and-12 ℃ and l3, and the optimal mass ratio is about 7:2:7.
Adding pore-forming agent, stirring, pouring into a mould, molding, placing into a refrigerator, maintaining a given temperature, aging for about 3 days, placing the aged cellulose into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid for regeneration, washing, and drying to obtain the final product.
One or a mixture of at least two of bionic polymer hydrogel, hemicellulose water absorbent resin, cellulose ester water absorbent resin and lignin water absorbent resin.
Foaming reaction is carried out for 3400-3600 minutes at the foaming temperature of 100-200 ℃.
The catalyst comprises at least one of a foaming catalyst and a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst, wherein the foaming catalyst and the gel catalyst are selected from one or more of a solid acid catalyst, an organic base catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a complex catalyst, a rare earth catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, a biological catalyst and a nano catalyst.
Embodiment four:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof comprise the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, and the components with the following mass ratios are prepared according to the following process;
200 parts of polyurethane foam plastic particles, 95 parts of organic fertilizer and 70 parts of water-absorbent resin are added, mixed uniformly, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 60 parts of lithium hydroxide, 100 parts of thiourea and 150 parts of water are added, stirred uniformly, poured into a mold for foaming, and the planting sponge is obtained after the foaming is completed and the demolding is carried out.
The foaming agent is prepared by adding the following auxiliary materials in parts by weight into a container before a foaming reaction, wherein 110 parts of NaOH, 30 parts of LiOH and 110 parts of thiourea are added into the container, mixed and stirred uniformly, and 4110 parts of NaSO, 110 parts of ZnSO and 110 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid are added in the middle.
Preparing NaOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations, adding a certain amount of cellulose, putting into a refrigerator for freezing, controlling the temperature to be between-5 ℃ and-12 ℃ and l3, and the optimal mass ratio is about 7:2:7.
Adding pore-forming agent, stirring, pouring into a mould, molding, placing into a refrigerator, maintaining a given temperature, aging for about 3 days, placing the aged cellulose into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid for regeneration, washing, and drying to obtain the final product.
One or a mixture of at least two of bionic polymer hydrogel, hemicellulose water absorbent resin, cellulose ester water absorbent resin and lignin water absorbent resin.
Foaming reaction is carried out for 3400-3600 minutes at the foaming temperature of 100-200 ℃.
The catalyst comprises at least one of a foaming catalyst and a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst, wherein the foaming catalyst and the gel catalyst are selected from one or more of a solid acid catalyst, an organic base catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a complex catalyst, a rare earth catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, a biological catalyst and a nano catalyst.
Fifth embodiment:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and a preparation process thereof comprise the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, and the components with the following mass ratios are prepared according to the following process;
200 parts of polyurethane foam plastic particles, 100 parts of organic fertilizer and 100 parts of water-absorbing resin are added and mixed uniformly, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 60 parts of lithium hydroxide, 100 parts of thiourea and 150 parts of water are added, the mixture is stirred uniformly, the mixture is poured into a mold for foaming, and the foaming is completed, and the planting sponge is obtained after demoulding.
The foaming agent is prepared by adding the following auxiliary materials in parts by weight into a container before a foaming reaction, wherein 140 parts of NaOH, 40 parts of LiOH and 140 parts of thiourea are added into the container, mixed and stirred uniformly, and then 140 parts of NaSO4140, 140 parts of ZnSO and 140 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid are added in the middle.
Preparing NaOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations, adding a certain amount of cellulose, putting into a refrigerator for freezing, controlling the temperature to be between-5 ℃ and-12 ℃ and l3, and the optimal mass ratio is about 7:2:7.
Adding pore-forming agent, stirring, pouring into a mould, molding, placing into a refrigerator, maintaining a given temperature, aging for about 3 days, placing the aged cellulose into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid for regeneration, washing, and drying to obtain the final product.
One or a mixture of at least two of bionic polymer hydrogel, hemicellulose water absorbent resin, cellulose ester water absorbent resin and lignin water absorbent resin.
Foaming reaction is carried out for 3400-3600 minutes at the foaming temperature of 100-200 ℃.
The catalyst comprises at least one of a foaming catalyst and a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst, wherein the foaming catalyst and the gel catalyst are selected from one or more of a solid acid catalyst, an organic base catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a complex catalyst, a rare earth catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, a biological catalyst and a nano catalyst.
The polyurethane foam plastic particles are selected, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, a certain proportion of sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are added, the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred in a container, naOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations are added in a certain proportion before foaming reaction, the mixture is added in the container, the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred, a certain amount of cellulose is added, the mixture is frozen in a refrigerator, the temperature is controlled to be minus 5 ℃ to minus 12 ℃ l3, a pore-forming agent is added, the mixture is uniformly stirred, the mixture is poured into a mould and is placed in the refrigerator after being formed, the given temperature is kept for aging, the aged cellulose is placed in a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid for regeneration, thereby the air permeability of the planting sponge can be improved, the characteristics of controlled biodegradation and the like can be replaced by soil, peat soil and the like as planting matrixes for plants such as flowers and vegetables, the defect that mosquitoes are easy to breed when the soil and peat soil are used as the plant planting matrixes, flying dust is overcome, the defect that the mosquito is easy to release epidemic diseases such as dengue fever and the like is achieved
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although the invention has been described hereinabove with reference to embodiments, various modifications thereof may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the features of the disclosed embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner so long as there is no structural conflict, and the exhaustive description of these combinations is not given in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource saving. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A full ventilative biodegradable plant sponge, its characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following raw materials: polyurethane foam plastic particles, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, thiourea and water are used as solvents, and auxiliary materials are as follows: naOH, liOH, thiourea, naSO4, znSO, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, and the components with the following mass ratios are prepared according to the following process;
200 parts of polyurethane foam plastic particles, 80-100 parts of organic fertilizer and 50-100 parts of water-absorbent resin are added and uniformly mixed, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 60 parts of lithium hydroxide, 100 parts of thiourea and 150 parts of water are added, the mixture is uniformly stirred, the mixture is poured into a mold for foaming, and the foaming is completed, and the planting sponge is obtained after demoulding.
2. A preparation process of a full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the foaming agent is prepared by adding the following auxiliary materials in parts by weight into a container, adding 70-140 parts of NaOH, 20-40 parts of LiOH and 70-140 parts of thiourea, uniformly mixing and stirring, and adding 470-140 parts of NaSO, 70-140 parts of ZnSO and 70-140 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid in the middle.
3. The process for preparing the full-air-permeable biodegradable plant sponge according to claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: preparing NaOH, liOH and thiourea solutions with different concentrations, adding a certain amount of cellulose, putting into a refrigerator for freezing, controlling the temperature to be between-5 ℃ and-12 ℃ and l3, and the optimal mass ratio is about 7:2:7.
4. The process for preparing the full-air-permeable biodegradable plant sponge according to claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: adding pore-forming agent, stirring, pouring into a mould, molding, placing into a refrigerator, maintaining a given temperature, aging for about 3 days, placing the aged cellulose into a coagulating bath prepared from NazSO4, znSO4 and dilute sulfuric acid for regeneration, washing, and drying to obtain the final product.
5. The process for preparing the full-air-permeable biodegradable plant sponge according to claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: one or a mixture of at least two of bionic polymer hydrogel, hemicellulose water absorbent resin, cellulose ester water absorbent resin and lignin water absorbent resin.
6. The process for preparing the full-air-permeable biodegradable plant sponge according to claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: foaming reaction is carried out for 3400-3600 minutes at the foaming temperature of 100-200 ℃.
7. The process for preparing the full-air-permeable biodegradable plant sponge according to claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the catalyst comprises at least one of a foaming catalyst and a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst, wherein the foaming catalyst and the gel catalyst are selected from one or more of a solid acid catalyst, an organic base catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a complex catalyst, a rare earth catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, a biological catalyst and a nano catalyst.
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| CN202311483853.0A CN117624871A (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and preparation process thereof |
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| CN202311483853.0A CN117624871A (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Full-ventilation biodegradable planting sponge and preparation process thereof |
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