CN117624666A - High-light-transmittance photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-light-transmittance photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117624666A CN117624666A CN202311480666.7A CN202311480666A CN117624666A CN 117624666 A CN117624666 A CN 117624666A CN 202311480666 A CN202311480666 A CN 202311480666A CN 117624666 A CN117624666 A CN 117624666A
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- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N L-asparagine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XNDZQQSKSQTQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)CCC1 XNDZQQSKSQTQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-acetyl-4-methylheptanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC(C)(C(=O)C)CCC#N XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004153 Potassium bromate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229960001230 asparagine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940094037 potassium bromate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019396 potassium bromate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical group C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a high-transmittance photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. The invention takes melamine, cerous nitrate hexahydrate, potassium bromate and L-asparagine as raw materials to obtain the photocatalysis material. And fully mixing the organic carrier and the photocatalytic material to obtain the composite material. And adding magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, urea, ammonium polyphosphate, triphenylphosphine oxide and a silane coupling agent to obtain the modified hydrotalcite. Finally, fully mixing the composite material, the modified hydrotalcite, the POE material, the PE material, the antioxidant, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent, and performing extrusion granulation and blow molding to form a film to obtain the POE packaging film; and sequentially paving glass, POE packaging films, battery pieces and POE packaging films, laminating, and assembling by using a frame to obtain a finished product. The finished product prepared by the invention has good light transmittance, anti-pollution sterilization performance and flame retardance, and therefore has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a high-transmittance photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The photovoltaic module has important value in the field of modern energy, on one hand, the photovoltaic module can be used as an important component of renewable energy, and can convert solar energy into electric energy, so that the dependence on traditional fossil energy is reduced, and the transformation and sustainable development of clean energy can be realized. On the other hand, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module does not release carbon dioxide and other pollutants in the isothermal chamber, which makes the photovoltaic module an important energy source option for improving air quality and protecting ecological environment. In order to achieve a more efficient photovoltaic module manufacturing process and to improve the performance of the modules, it is important to improve the properties of the materials used. The POE packaging adhesive film is used as an indispensable element of the photovoltaic module, and has obvious positive influence on improving the module performance. On one hand, the POE packaging adhesive film can provide good transparency, is favorable for better penetration of light, and further improves the efficiency and the productivity of photovoltaic power generation; on the other hand, the POE packaging adhesive film can provide certain protection for the photovoltaic module, and prevent various external gases, liquid, particulate matters and the like from damaging the photovoltaic cell, so that the service life and stability of the photovoltaic module are prolonged. Therefore, enhancing the process development of preparing POE packaging adhesive films is an important task that needs to be solved in the current photovoltaic industry.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-transmittance photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-light-transmittance photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the high-transmittance photovoltaic module comprises the following steps of:
step one: calcining melamine at 500-600 ℃ for 2-4 hours to prepare graphite-like carbon nitride; adding graphite-like carbon nitride, cerium nitrate hexahydrate, potassium bromate and L-asparagine into deionized water, stirring for 50-70min, maintaining at 140-160deg.C for 21-25h, cleaning, vacuum drying, and grinding to obtain photocatalytic material; dissolving a photocatalytic material in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 40-60 ℃ until the photocatalytic material is dissolved, adding an organic carrier, keeping the temperature, continuously stirring for 5-9 hours, and performing vacuum suction filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol washing and vacuum drying to prepare a composite material;
step two: adding magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and urea into deionized water, ultrasonically stirring for 10-20min to obtain a reaction solution, performing hydrothermal reaction on the reaction solution at 110-140 ℃ for 21-25h, cooling the product to room temperature, then cleaning and drying to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; heating and melting ammonium polyphosphate and triphenylphosphine oxide at 100-120 ℃, adding magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite, stirring for 4-6h, and carrying out suction filtration, drying and grinding to obtain flame-retardant hydrotalcite; dissolving a silane coupling agent in a methanol solution, adding acetic acid, hydrolyzing for 4-6 hours under stirring, adding flame-retardant hydrotalcite, heating to 70-90 ℃ and stirring for 2-4 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
step three: fully mixing the composite material, the modified hydrotalcite, the POE material, the PE material, the antioxidant, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film in sequence, and then laminating; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
More optimally, in the first step, the photocatalytic material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the graphite-like carbon nitride comprises, by mass, 0.6-1.0 part of graphite-like carbon nitride, 3-5 parts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 11-15 parts of potassium bromate, 3-5 parts of L-asparagine and 500-600 parts of deionized water.
More preferably, in the first step, the mass ratio of the photocatalytic material to the organic carrier is 5:1-2.
More preferably, in the first step, the preparation method of the organic carrier comprises the following steps: fully dissolving cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide in deionized water, adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for 30-50min, adding sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 60-80min, regulating the pH value of the solution to 10-11, stirring for 2-3h, hermetically solidifying the stirred reactants for 21-25h, standing at 90-120 ℃ for 71-75h, carrying out suction filtration, washing, vacuum drying and impurity removal, and thus obtaining the organic carrier.
More preferably, the mass ratio of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide and tetraethoxysilane is 17:11:10-12; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-2mol/L.
More optimally, in the second step, the molar ratio of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and urea is 1:0.5:5-7; the mass ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate, the triphenylphosphine oxide and the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 2-3:3:1.
more optimally, in the second step, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the flame-retardant hydrotalcite is 0.1-0.5:10.
more optimally, in the third step, the content of each component of the mixture is as follows: 5-7 parts of composite material, 10-28 parts of modified hydrotalcite, 75-80 parts of POE material, 25-30 parts of PE material, 0.3-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.4-0.8 part of cross-linking agent and 0.2-0.4 part of auxiliary agent; wherein the antioxidant is beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate, the cross-linking agent is tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate, and the auxiliary agent is triallyl isocyanurate.
More optimally, the mass ratio of the composite material, the modified hydrotalcite, the POE material and the PE material is 1:2-4:15:5.
more preferably, in step three, laminating process parameters: the lamination temperature is 130-140 ℃ and the lamination time is 10-14min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the organic carrier is prepared by adding cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide solution. And then takes melamine, cerous nitrate hexahydrate, potassium bromate and L-asparagine as raw materials to prepare the photocatalysis material. The organic carrier and the photocatalytic material are fully stirred and mixed to prepare the composite material. Adding magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and urea to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; and modifying the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite by adding ammonium polyphosphate, triphenylphosphine oxide and a silane coupling agent to prepare the modified hydrotalcite. Finally, fully mixing the composite material, the modified hydrotalcite, the POE material, the PE material, the antioxidant, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent, and performing extrusion granulation and blow molding to form a film to obtain the POE packaging film; and sequentially paving glass, POE packaging films, battery pieces and POE packaging films, laminating, and assembling by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
The invention is characterized in that in the first step, the organic carrier is prepared first, then the photocatalytic material is added for mixing, and the photocatalytic material is loaded on the organic carrier to obtain the composite material. The photocatalytic material can generate h + (OH) and (O) 2 - And active substances which can destroy the structure of bacteria and cause the bacteria to lose activity and die, thereby achieving the antibacterial effect. In the second step, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, urea, ammonium polyphosphate, triphenylphosphine oxide and a silane coupling agent are added to prepare the modified hydrotalcite. By intercalation of flame retardant substances such as ammonium polyphosphate and triphenylphosphine oxide into hydrotalcite structure, synergistic flame retardant effect of flame retardant substances and hydrotalcite can be effectively improved. And then adding a silane coupling agent to carry out surface modification on the flame-retardant hydrotalcite, so that the dispersion performance of the hydrotalcite structure in the polymer in the third step can be improved, and the agglomeration phenomenon can be prevented. In addition, the modified hydrotalcite is added into the preparation raw material of the POE encapsulation film, so that the toughness and scratch resistance of the encapsulation film can be effectively improved. In the third step, the POE packaging film is prepared by adding a composite material, modified hydrotalcite, a POE material, a PE material, an antioxidant and black master batch, stirring, extruding, granulating and blowing to form a film. The mass ratio of the composite material, the modified hydrotalcite, the POE material and the PE material is 1:2-4:10:10, the POE packaging film prepared in the proportion range has good antibacterial performance, toughness and light transmittance.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely in connection with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The raw material sources are as follows:
POE material provided by Shanghai Chong Tao plasticizing technology Co., ltd, model 8107; PE material provided by Dongguan China plastic raw material Co., ltd, model 7200; the silane coupling agent is provided by Shandong Huachen New Material Co., ltd, and the model is KH570.
Example 1: step one: fully dissolving 34 parts of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 22 parts of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide in deionized water, adding 20 parts of tetraethoxysilane, stirring for 50min, adding 240mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 80min, adjusting the pH of the solution to 11, stirring for 3h, carrying out closed solidification on the stirred reactants for 25h, standing at 120 ℃ for 75h, carrying out suction filtration, washing, vacuum drying and impurity removal, and thus obtaining the organic carrier;
step two: 10 parts of melamine is calcined at 600 ℃ for 4 hours to prepare graphite-like carbon nitride; adding 0.6 part of graphite-like carbon nitride, 3 parts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 11 parts of potassium bromate and 3 parts of L-asparagine into 500 parts of deionized water, fully stirring for 70min, preserving heat at 160 ℃ for 25h, and cleaning, vacuum drying and grinding to obtain a photocatalytic material; dissolving 5 parts of photocatalytic material in 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 60 ℃ until the photocatalytic material is dissolved, adding 1 part of organic carrier, keeping the temperature, continuously stirring for 9 hours, and performing vacuum suction filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol washing and vacuum drying to prepare a composite material;
step three: adding 0.1mol of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.05mol of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and 0.5mol of urea into 50mL of deionized water, ultrasonically stirring for 20min to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the reaction solution at 140 ℃ for 25h, cooling the product to room temperature, then cleaning and drying to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; 2 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 3 parts of triphenylphosphine oxide are heated and melted at 120 ℃, 1 part of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is added and stirred for 6 hours, and the flame retardant hydrotalcite is prepared through suction filtration, drying and grinding; dissolving 0.01 part of silane coupling agent in 1mL of methanol solution, adding 0.001mL of acetic acid, hydrolyzing for 6 hours under stirring, adding 1 part of flame-retardant hydrotalcite, heating to 90 ℃ and stirring for 4 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
step four: fully mixing 5 parts of composite material, 10 parts of modified hydrotalcite, 50 parts of POE material, 50 parts of PE material, 0.3 part of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, 0.4 part of tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate and 0.2 part of triallyl isocyanurate to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film, and laminating at 140 ℃ for 14min; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
Example 2: step one: fully dissolving 34 parts of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 22 parts of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide in deionized water, adding 20 parts of tetraethoxysilane, stirring for 45min, adding 240mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 75min, regulating the pH of the solution to 10.7, stirring for 2.7h, carrying out airtight solidification on the stirred reactants for 24h at 112 ℃, standing for 74h, carrying out suction filtration, washing, vacuum drying, and removing impurities to obtain an organic carrier;
step two: 10 parts of melamine is calcined at 575 ℃ for 3.5 hours to prepare graphite-like phase carbon nitride; adding 0.6 part of graphite-like carbon nitride, 3 parts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 11 parts of potassium bromate and 3 parts of L-asparagine into 500 parts of deionized water, fully stirring for 65min, preserving heat at 155 ℃ for 24h, and cleaning, vacuum drying and grinding to obtain a photocatalytic material; dissolving 5 parts of photocatalytic material in 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 57 ℃ until the photocatalytic material is dissolved, adding 1 part of organic carrier, keeping the temperature, continuously stirring for 8 hours, and performing vacuum suction filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol washing and vacuum drying to prepare a composite material;
step three: adding 0.1mol of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.05mol of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and 0.5mol of urea into 50mL of deionized water, ultrasonically stirring for 17min to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the reaction solution at 132 ℃ for 24h, cooling the product to room temperature, then cleaning and drying to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; 2 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 3 parts of triphenylphosphine oxide are heated and melted at 115 ℃, 1 part of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is added and stirred for 5.5 hours, and the flame retardant hydrotalcite is prepared through suction filtration, drying and grinding; dissolving 0.01 part of silane coupling agent in 1mL of methanol solution, adding 0.001mL of acetic acid, hydrolyzing for 5.5h under stirring, adding 1 part of flame-retardant hydrotalcite, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 3.5h, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
step four: fully mixing 5 parts of composite material, 10 parts of modified hydrotalcite, 50 parts of POE material, 50 parts of PE material, 0.3 part of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, 0.4 part of tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate and 0.2 part of triallyl isocyanurate to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film, and laminating at 137 ℃ for 13min; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
Example 3: step one: fully dissolving 34 parts of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 22 parts of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide in deionized water, adding 20 parts of tetraethoxysilane, stirring for 40min, adding 240mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 70min, regulating the pH of the solution to 10.5, stirring for 2.5h, carrying out airtight solidification on the stirred reactants for 23h, standing at 105 ℃ for 73h, carrying out suction filtration, washing, vacuum drying, and removing impurities to obtain an organic carrier;
step two: 10 parts of melamine is calcined at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to prepare graphite-like carbon nitride; adding 0.6 part of graphite-like carbon nitride, 3 parts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 11 parts of potassium bromate and 3 parts of L-asparagine into 500 parts of deionized water, fully stirring for 60min, preserving heat at 150 ℃ for 23h, and cleaning, vacuum drying and grinding to obtain a photocatalytic material; dissolving 5 parts of photocatalytic material in 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 50 ℃ until the photocatalytic material is dissolved, adding 1 part of organic carrier, keeping the temperature, continuously stirring for 7 hours, and performing vacuum suction filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol washing and vacuum drying to prepare a composite material;
step three: adding 0.1mol of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.05mol of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and 0.5mol of urea into 50mL of deionized water, ultrasonically stirring for 15min to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the reaction solution at 125 ℃ for 23h, cooling the product to room temperature, then cleaning and drying to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; 2 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 3 parts of triphenylphosphine oxide are heated and melted at 110 ℃, 1 part of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is added and stirred for 5 hours, and the flame-retardant hydrotalcite is prepared through suction filtration, drying and grinding; dissolving 0.01 part of silane coupling agent in 1mL of methanol solution, adding 0.001mL of acetic acid, hydrolyzing for 5 hours under stirring, adding 1 part of flame-retardant hydrotalcite, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 3 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
step four: fully mixing 5 parts of composite material, 10 parts of modified hydrotalcite, 50 parts of POE material, 50 parts of PE material, 0.3 part of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, 0.4 part of tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate and 0.2 part of triallyl isocyanurate to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film, and laminating for 12min at 135 ℃; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
Example 3: step one: fully dissolving 34 parts of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 22 parts of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide in deionized water, adding 20 parts of tetraethoxysilane, stirring for 30min, adding 240mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 60min, regulating the pH of the solution to 10, stirring for 2h, carrying out closed solidification on the stirred reactants for 21h and standing at 90 ℃ for 71h, carrying out suction filtration, washing, vacuum drying and impurity removal, and thus obtaining the organic carrier;
step two: 10 parts of melamine is calcined at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to prepare graphite-like carbon nitride; adding 0.6 part of graphite-like carbon nitride, 3 parts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 11 parts of potassium bromate and 3 parts of L-asparagine into 500 parts of deionized water, fully stirring for 50min, preserving heat at 140 ℃ for 21h, and cleaning, vacuum drying and grinding to obtain a photocatalytic material; dissolving 5 parts of photocatalytic material in 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 40 ℃ until the photocatalytic material is dissolved, adding 1 part of organic carrier, keeping the temperature, continuously stirring for 5 hours, and performing vacuum suction filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol washing and vacuum drying to prepare a composite material;
step three: adding 0.1mol of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.05mol of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and 0.5mol of urea into 50mL of deionized water, ultrasonically stirring for 10min to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the reaction solution at 110 ℃ for 21h, cooling the product to room temperature, then cleaning and drying to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; 2 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 3 parts of triphenylphosphine oxide are heated and melted at 100 ℃, 1 part of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is added and stirred for 4 hours, and the flame-retardant hydrotalcite is prepared through suction filtration, drying and grinding; dissolving 0.01 part of silane coupling agent in 1mL of methanol solution, adding 0.001mL of acetic acid, hydrolyzing for 4 hours under stirring, adding 1 part of flame-retardant hydrotalcite, heating to 70 ℃ and stirring for 2 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
step four: fully mixing 5 parts of composite material, 10 parts of modified hydrotalcite, 50 parts of POE material, 50 parts of PE material, 0.3 part of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, 0.4 part of tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate and 0.2 part of triallyl isocyanurate to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film, and laminating for 10min at 130 ℃; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
Comparative example 1: the preparation steps of the composite material were removed, and the rest was the same as in example 1, and the specific steps were as follows: step one: adding 0.1mol of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.05mol of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and 0.5mol of urea into 50mL of deionized water, ultrasonically stirring for 20min to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the reaction solution at 140 ℃ for 25h, cooling the product to room temperature, then cleaning and drying to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; 2 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 3 parts of triphenylphosphine oxide are heated and melted at 120 ℃, 1 part of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is added and stirred for 6 hours, and the flame retardant hydrotalcite is prepared through suction filtration, drying and grinding; dissolving 0.01 part of silane coupling agent in 1mL of methanol solution, adding 0.001mL of acetic acid, hydrolyzing for 6 hours under stirring, adding 1 part of flame-retardant hydrotalcite, heating to 90 ℃ and stirring for 4 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
step two: fully mixing 10 parts of modified hydrotalcite, 50 parts of POE material, 50 parts of PE material, 0.3 part of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, 0.4 part of tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate and 0.2 part of triallyl isocyanurate to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film, and laminating at 140 ℃ for 14min; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
Comparative example 2: the preparation steps of the modified hydrotalcite were removed, and the rest was the same as in example 1, and the specific steps were as follows: step one: fully dissolving 34 parts of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 22 parts of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide in deionized water, adding 20 parts of tetraethoxysilane, stirring for 50min, adding 240mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 80min, adjusting the pH of the solution to 11, stirring for 3h, carrying out closed solidification on the stirred reactants for 25h, standing at 120 ℃ for 75h, carrying out suction filtration, washing, vacuum drying and impurity removal, and thus obtaining the organic carrier;
step two: 10 parts of melamine is calcined at 600 ℃ for 4 hours to prepare graphite-like carbon nitride; adding 0.6 part of graphite-like carbon nitride, 3 parts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 11 parts of potassium bromate and 3 parts of L-asparagine into 500 parts of deionized water, fully stirring for 70min, preserving heat at 160 ℃ for 25h, and cleaning, vacuum drying and grinding to obtain a photocatalytic material; dissolving 5 parts of photocatalytic material in 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 60 ℃ until the photocatalytic material is dissolved, adding 1 part of organic carrier, keeping the temperature, continuously stirring for 9 hours, and performing vacuum suction filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol washing and vacuum drying to prepare a composite material;
step three: fully mixing 5 parts of composite material, 50 parts of POE material, 50 parts of PE material, 0.3 part of beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester, 0.4 part of tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate and 0.2 part of triallyl isocyanurate to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film, and laminating at 140 ℃ for 14min; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
Detection test:
flame retardant performance test: referring to HB-UL94 standard, the finished film prepared by the invention is cut into a sample with the diameter of 125X 13mm by adopting a horizontal combustion test method, and the POE packaging film is subjected to flame retardant rating test.
Antibacterial performance test: the POE packaging film prepared by the method is taken as a sample, and a required experimental instrument and a culture medium are placed in an autoclave at 121 ℃ for 20min. 5mL of bacterial liquid is added into a photocatalysis tube containing a sample, and is irradiated downwards by a vertical light source under the light of a 40W LED lamp, and the stirring speed is 1000r/min. Starting timing in the illumination, sucking 1mL of sample in a centrifuge tube in the illumination for 90min, diluting the solution to 107 in the centrifuge tube, uniformly smearing 100 mu L of bacterial liquid on an agar culture medium, and continuously culturing for 24h in a culture box at 37 ℃. The colony growth number was observed and recorded, and the antibacterial efficiency was calculated.
| Combustion grade | Antibacterial rate/% | |
| Example 1 | V-0 | 96 |
| Example 2 | V-0 | 95 |
| Example 3 | V-0 | 94 |
| Example 4 | V-0 | 93 |
| Comparative example 1 | V-0 | 75 |
| Comparative example 2 | V-1 | 95 |
Conclusion: the amounts of examples 1 to 4 were unchanged, and only part of the reaction parameters were modified. From experimental data, various properties of the POE encapsulation film do not obviously change in a fluctuation manner. Comparative example 1: the procedure for preparing the composite material was omitted, and the rest was the same as in example 1, and from the experimental data, the antibacterial rate was reduced to 75% compared with example 1, and the analysis was because: after the preparation steps of the composite material are removed, the antibacterial performance of the POE packaging film is reduced, so that the antibacterial rate is reduced to 75%.
Comparative example 2: the procedure for preparing the modified hydrotalcite was omitted, and the rest was the same as in example 1, and as apparent from the experimental data, the combustion grade was changed to V-1 as compared with example 1, and the analysis was because: the modified hydrotalcite contains flame retardant components of ammonium polyphosphate and triphenylphosphine oxide, so that the modified hydrotalcite is removed, and the flame retardant property of the POE encapsulating film is reduced, so that the combustion grade is changed to V-1.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process method article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process method article or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a high-transmittance photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: calcining melamine at 500-600 ℃ for 2-4 hours to prepare graphite-like carbon nitride; adding graphite-like carbon nitride, cerium nitrate hexahydrate, potassium bromate and L-asparagine into deionized water, stirring for 50-70min, maintaining at 140-160deg.C for 21-25h, cleaning, vacuum drying, and grinding to obtain photocatalytic material; dissolving a photocatalytic material in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 40-60 ℃ until the photocatalytic material is dissolved, adding an organic carrier, keeping the temperature, continuously stirring for 5-9 hours, and performing vacuum suction filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol washing and vacuum drying to prepare a composite material;
step two: adding magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and urea into deionized water, ultrasonically stirring for 10-20min to obtain a reaction solution, performing hydrothermal reaction on the reaction solution at 110-140 ℃ for 21-25h, cooling the product to room temperature, then cleaning and drying to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; heating and melting ammonium polyphosphate and triphenylphosphine oxide at 100-120 ℃, adding magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite, stirring for 4-6h, and carrying out suction filtration, drying and grinding to obtain flame-retardant hydrotalcite; dissolving a silane coupling agent in a methanol solution, adding acetic acid, hydrolyzing for 4-6 hours under stirring, adding flame-retardant hydrotalcite, heating to 70-90 ℃ and stirring for 2-4 hours, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified hydrotalcite;
step three: fully mixing the composite material, the modified hydrotalcite, the POE material, the PE material, the antioxidant, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed material; extruding, granulating and blow molding the mixed material to form a film, so as to prepare the POE packaging film; sequentially paving glass, a POE packaging film, a battery piece and the POE packaging film in sequence, and then laminating; and assembling the laminated assembly by using a frame to prepare a finished product.
2. The method for manufacturing a high light transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the photocatalytic material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the graphite-like carbon nitride comprises, by mass, 0.6-1.0 part of graphite-like carbon nitride, 3-5 parts of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 11-15 parts of potassium bromate, 3-5 parts of L-asparagine and 500-600 parts of deionized water.
3. The method for manufacturing a high light transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the mass ratio of the photocatalytic material to the organic carrier is 5:1-2.
4. The method for manufacturing a high light transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the preparation method of the organic carrier comprises the following steps: fully dissolving cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide in deionized water, adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for 30-50min, adding sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 60-80min, regulating the pH value of the solution to 10-11, stirring for 2-3h, hermetically solidifying the stirred reactants for 21-25h, standing at 90-120 ℃ for 71-75h, carrying out suction filtration, washing, vacuum drying and impurity removal, and thus obtaining the organic carrier.
5. The method for manufacturing a high-transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 4, wherein: the mass ratio of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide to tetraethoxysilane is 17:11:10-12; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-2mol/L.
6. The method for manufacturing a high light transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the mol ratio of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate and urea is 1:0.5:5-7; the mass ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate, the triphenylphosphine oxide and the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 2-3:3:1.
7. the method for manufacturing a high light transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the flame-retardant hydrotalcite is 0.1-0.5:10.
8. the method for manufacturing a high light transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the content of each component of the mixture is as follows: 5-7 parts of composite material, 10-28 parts of modified hydrotalcite, 75-80 parts of POE material, 25-30 parts of PE material, 0.3-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.4-0.8 part of cross-linking agent and 0.2-0.4 part of auxiliary agent; wherein the antioxidant is beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate, the cross-linking agent is tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate, and the auxiliary agent is triallyl isocyanurate.
9. The method for manufacturing a high-transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 8, wherein: the mass ratio of the composite material to the modified hydrotalcite to the POE material to the PE material is 1:2-4:15:5.
10. the method for manufacturing a high light transmittance photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in step three, lamination process parameters: the lamination temperature is 130-140 ℃ and the lamination time is 10-14min.
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