CN117624410A - Cardanol modified natural rubber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cardanol modified natural rubber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117624410A CN117624410A CN202311729987.6A CN202311729987A CN117624410A CN 117624410 A CN117624410 A CN 117624410A CN 202311729987 A CN202311729987 A CN 202311729987A CN 117624410 A CN117624410 A CN 117624410A
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- Prior art keywords
- cardanol
- latex
- weight
- emulsion
- natural rubber
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- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11',12',14',15'-Tetradehydro(Z,Z-)-3-(8-Pentadecenyl)phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Delta8-pentadecenylphenol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N Cardanol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cardanoldiene Natural products CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cardanol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N triamcinolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@@]3(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@]([C@H](O)C4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960005294 triamcinolone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides cardanol modified natural rubber and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of natural rubber modification. According to the invention, the cardanol is emulsified and alkalized, so that the water solubility of the cardanol is increased, the dispersibility of the cardanol in the latex is improved, and in addition, the content of anions in the latex is increased through the emulsification and alkalization treatment of the latex, so that the phenomenon that the cardanol is unevenly distributed due to the fact that the latex is coagulated in advance in the mixing process is avoided. Therefore, the invention improves the dispersibility of the cardanol in the latex, and the mechanical properties of the prepared cardanol modified natural rubber are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural rubber modification, in particular to cardanol modified natural rubber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cardanol (Cardanol) is a natural phenolic compound extracted from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and has a variety of different reactivity due to its unsaturated long-chain olefin structure and phenolic hydroxyl group. Cardanol can improve the physical and mechanical properties, processability, weather resistance, aging resistance and the like of a high polymer material, and has been applied to the fields of paint, friction materials, high polymer additives, natural rubber and the like. At present, the cardanol modified natural rubber has been studied, so that the mechanical property of the natural rubber can be improved, and the processability can be improved.
The heating reaction of the cardanol mixed natural latex is one of the methods for modifying the natural rubber by the cardanol, the emulsified cardanol and the latex are mixed, and after solidification, the cardanol modified natural rubber is obtained through the heating reaction, so that the operation is simple, the modified matters and the modification process are environment-friendly, but the cardanol and the latex are poor in compatibility, latex solidification easily occurs in the mixing process, the cardanol is unevenly dispersed in the latex, and the modification effect is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide cardanol modified natural rubber and a preparation method thereof. The invention improves the dispersibility of cardanol in latex, and the obtained cardanol modified natural rubber has improved mechanical properties and better aging resistance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of cardanol modified natural rubber, which comprises the following steps:
mixing cardanol with an aqueous solution of a first emulsifier for first emulsification to obtain cardanol emulsion;
mixing the cardanol emulsion with alkali, and alkalizing to obtain cardanol alkalized emulsion;
mixing natural latex with a second emulsifier for second emulsification, and then adjusting the emulsified latex to be alkaline to obtain alkalized latex;
mixing the alkalized latex with cardanol alkalized emulsion to obtain modified latex; and regulating the pH value of the modified latex to 5-6, and solidifying to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
Preferably, the first and second emulsifiers are independently one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, triton and emulsifier AES.
Preferably, the cardanol is 0.5-5 parts by weight, and the first emulsifier is 0.05-2 parts by weight.
Preferably, the base comprises one or more of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia.
Preferably, the weight of the cardanol emulsion is 0.5-5 parts by weight of cardanol, and the alkali is used in an amount of 0.01-1 part by weight.
Preferably, the second emulsifier is used in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by dry weight based on 100 parts by dry weight of the natural latex.
Preferably, the adjusting the emulsified latex to alkaline is: and regulating the pH value of the emulsified latex to 7.5-10.
Preferably, the weight of the alkalized latex is based on the dry weight of the natural latex, the weight of the cardanol alkalized latex is based on the weight of cardanol, the weight of cardanol is 0.5-5 parts for the dry weight of the natural latex.
Preferably, the reagent used for adjusting the pH value of the modified latex to 5-6 is formic acid aqueous solution.
The invention provides the cardanol modified natural rubber prepared by the preparation method.
The invention provides a preparation method of cardanol modified natural rubber, which comprises the following steps: mixing cardanol with an aqueous solution of a first emulsifier for first emulsification to obtain cardanol emulsion; mixing the cardanol emulsion with alkali, and alkalizing to obtain cardanol alkalized emulsion; mixing natural latex with a second emulsifier for second emulsification, and then adjusting the emulsified latex to be alkaline to obtain alkalized latex; mixing the alkalized latex with cardanol alkalized emulsion to obtain modified latex; and regulating the pH value of the modified latex to 5-6, and solidifying to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber. According to the invention, the cardanol is emulsified and alkalized, so that the water solubility of the cardanol is increased, the dispersibility of the cardanol in the latex is improved, and in addition, the content of anions in the latex is increased through the emulsification and alkalization treatment of the latex, so that the phenomenon that the cardanol is unevenly distributed due to the fact that the latex is coagulated in advance in the mixing process is avoided. Therefore, the invention improves the dispersibility of the cardanol in the latex, and the mechanical properties of the prepared cardanol modified natural rubber are greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of cardanol modified natural rubber, which comprises the following steps:
mixing cardanol with an aqueous solution of a first emulsifier for first emulsification to obtain cardanol emulsion;
mixing the cardanol emulsion with alkali, and alkalizing to obtain cardanol alkalized emulsion;
mixing natural latex with a second emulsifier for second emulsification, and then adjusting the emulsified latex to be alkaline to obtain alkalized latex;
mixing the alkalized latex with cardanol alkalized emulsion to obtain modified latex; and regulating the pH value of the modified latex to 5-6, and solidifying to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
In the present invention, the raw materials used are commercially available products well known in the art, unless specifically described otherwise.
The invention mixes cardanol with the aqueous solution of a first emulsifier to carry out first emulsification, and then cardanol emulsion is obtained. In the present invention, the first emulsifier is preferably one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, triton and emulsifier AES; the aqueous solution of the first emulsifier is preferably obtained by mixing the first emulsifier with water, and the water is preferably used in an amount of 5 to 10 times, more preferably 6 to 8 times, the mass of the first emulsifier.
In the present invention, the amount of the first emulsifier is preferably 0.05 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1 part by weight, based on 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of the cardanol. The present invention does not require any special requirements for the first emulsification process, and emulsification processes well known in the art may be employed.
After the cardanol emulsion is obtained, the cardanol emulsion is mixed with alkali and alkalized, so that the cardanol alkalized emulsion is obtained.
In the present invention, the base preferably includes one or more of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia. The amount of the alkali used is preferably 0.01 to 1 part, more preferably 0.1 to 0.9 part, and even more preferably 0.3 to 0.7 part, based on 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of cardanol. The invention increases the water solubility of cardanol through emulsification and alkalization, and improves the dispersibility of cardanol in latex.
The invention mixes the natural latex with the second emulsifier to carry out the second emulsification.
In the present invention, the natural latex preferably has a solid content of 20 to 40%, more preferably 30%; the second emulsifier is preferably one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, triton and emulsifier AES. The amount of the second emulsifier is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts, more preferably 0.5 to 4.5 parts, still more preferably 1 to 4 parts, still more preferably 2 to 3 parts, based on 100 parts by dry weight of the natural latex. The present invention does not require any special requirements for the second emulsification process, and emulsification processes well known in the art may be employed.
After the second emulsification is completed, the emulsified latex is adjusted to be alkaline to obtain alkalized latex.
In the present invention, the alkaline pH is preferably 7.5 to 10, more preferably 8 to 9.5; the agent used for adjusting the emulsified latex to alkalinity is preferably one or more of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and ammonia water.
According to the invention, the content of anions in the latex can be increased by emulsifying and alkalizing the natural latex, so that the phenomenon that the cardanol is unevenly distributed due to the fact that the latex is coagulated in advance in the subsequent mixing process is avoided.
After cardanol alkalization emulsion and alkalization latex are obtained, the alkalization latex and the cardanol alkalization emulsion are mixed to obtain modified latex; and regulating the pH value of the modified latex to 5-6, and solidifying to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
In the present invention, the weight of the alkalized latex is based on the dry weight of the natural latex, the weight of the cardanol alkalized emulsion is based on the weight of cardanol, and the weight of cardanol is preferably 0.5 to 5 parts, more preferably 1 to 4 parts, and even more preferably 2 to 3 parts, based on the dry weight of the natural latex. In the present invention, the mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions, and the stirring time is preferably 1 to 2 hours.
In the present invention, the reagent used for adjusting the pH value of the modified latex to 5 to 6 is preferably an aqueous formic acid solution; the mass concentration of the aqueous formic acid solution is preferably 10%.
In the present invention, the solidification is preferably performed under room temperature conditions.
After the solidification is completed, the present invention preferably further comprises: and (3) sequentially carrying out thinning dehydration, creping dehydration, granulation, loading water dripping, drying and cooling on the obtained coagulated latex to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
The present invention has no special requirement for the ironing, the creping, the granulating and the loading dripping, and the operation well known in the field can be adopted. In the present invention, the drying temperature is preferably 100 to 130 ℃, more preferably 110 to 120 ℃; the drying time is preferably 4 to 6 hours.
The invention provides the cardanol modified natural rubber prepared by the preparation method. The invention improves the dispersibility of the cardanol in the latex, and the mechanical properties of the prepared cardanol modified natural rubber are greatly improved.
The cardanol-modified natural rubber and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
1) Emulsification of cardanol: adding 3 parts of cardanol into an aqueous solution containing 0.3 part of triamcinolone to emulsify, so as to prepare 10% emulsion; 2) Alkalizing cardanol emulsion: adding 0.5 part of sodium hydroxide into the cardanol emulsion to convert cardanol into salt, so as to obtain cardanol alkalization emulsion; 3) Emulsification and alkalization of latex: adding 0.5 part of triton into 100 parts of latex (calculated by weight of dry rubber), uniformly stirring, and then adjusting the latex to pH value of 8 by using sodium hydroxide to obtain alkalized latex; 4) Mixing: mixing the cardanol alkalization emulsion with the alkalization latex, and stirring for 1h to obtain modified latex; 5) Neutralization and solidification: neutralizing the modified latex with 10% strength by mass aqueous formic acid and coagulating at room temperature, 6) processing: and (3) carrying out thinning dehydration, creping dehydration, granulation, loading and dripping water, drying at 110 ℃ for 5 hours, and cooling on the coagulated latex to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
Example 2
The procedure was as in example 1, the amount of cardanol used was changed to 2 parts, and the emulsifier used for cardanol emulsification was changed to 0.2 parts of triton.
Example 3
The procedure was as in example 1, the amount of cardanol used was changed to 1 part, and the emulsifier used for cardanol emulsification was changed to 0.1 part of triton.
Example 4
The procedure is as in example 1, except that the cardanol-emulsified emulsifier is changed to sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Example 5
The procedure is as in example 1, except that the alkali used for the cardanol emulsion alkalization and latex alkalization is changed to potassium hydroxide.
Example 6
The procedure is as in example 1, the pH of the latex being adjusted to 9.
Comparative example 1
The emulsification and alkalization of the latex were omitted as compared to example 1, and the specific steps were as follows:
1) Emulsification of cardanol: adding 3 parts of cardanol into an aqueous solution containing 0.3 part of triamcinolone to emulsify, so as to prepare 10% emulsion; 2) Alkalizing cardanol emulsion: adding 0.5 part of sodium hydroxide into the cardanol emulsion to convert cardanol into salt, so as to obtain cardanol alkalization emulsion; 3) Mixing: mixing the cardanol alkalization emulsion with the latex, and stirring for 1h to obtain modified latex; 4) And (3) solidification: coagulating the modified latex with 10% formic acid, 5) processing: and (3) carrying out thinning dehydration, creping dehydration, granulation, loading and dripping water, drying at 110 ℃ for 5 hours, and cooling on the coagulated latex to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 1, the alkalization of cardanol is omitted, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) Emulsification of cardanol: adding 3 parts of cardanol into an aqueous solution containing 0.3 part of triamcinolone to emulsify, so as to prepare 10% emulsion; 2) Emulsification and alkalization of latex: adding 0.5 part of triton to 100 parts of latex (calculated by weight of dry rubber), uniformly stirring, and then adjusting the latex to pH 8 by sodium hydroxide, and obtaining the Deox alkalized latex; 4) Mixing: mixing the cardanol emulsion with the alkalized latex, and stirring for 1h to obtain modified latex; 5) Neutralization and solidification: neutralizing and coagulating the modified latex with 10% formic acid, 6) processing: and (3) carrying out thinning dehydration, creping dehydration, granulation, loading and dripping water, drying at 110 ℃ for 5 hours, and cooling on the coagulated latex to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
Comparative example 3
A preparation process of natural rubber comprises the following specific steps: 1) And (3) coagulating the natural latex: coagulating the modified latex with 10% formic acid, 2) processing: the coagulated latex is subjected to thinning dehydration, creping dehydration, granulation, loading and dripping water, drying at 110 ℃ for 5 hours, and cooling to obtain the natural rubber.
Table 1 results of performance tests of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3
From the results shown in table 1, the emulsification and alkalization treatment of cardanol and latex can improve the dispersibility of cardanol in latex, thereby effectively improving the mechanical strength of natural rubber and having good processability.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the cardanol modified natural rubber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing cardanol with an aqueous solution of a first emulsifier for first emulsification to obtain cardanol emulsion;
mixing the cardanol emulsion with alkali, and alkalizing to obtain cardanol alkalized emulsion;
mixing natural latex with a second emulsifier for second emulsification, and then adjusting the emulsified latex to be alkaline to obtain alkalized latex;
mixing the alkalized latex with cardanol alkalized emulsion to obtain modified latex; and regulating the pH value of the modified latex to 5-6, and solidifying to obtain the cardanol modified natural rubber.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second emulsifiers are independently one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, triton, and emulsifier AES.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cardanol is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight and the first emulsifier is 0.05 to 2 parts by weight.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the base comprises one or more of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and aqueous ammonia.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the amount of the alkali is 0.01 to 1 part based on 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of cardanol based on the cardanol.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second emulsifier is used in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts based on 100 parts by dry weight of the natural latex.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said adjusting the emulsified latex to alkaline is: and regulating the pH value of the emulsified latex to 7.5-10.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the alkalized latex is based on the dry weight of the natural latex, the weight of the cardanol alkalized emulsion is based on the weight of cardanol, and the weight of cardanol is 0.5 to 5 parts based on the dry weight of the natural latex.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reagent for adjusting the pH of the modified latex to 5 to 6 is an aqueous formic acid solution.
10. The cardanol-modified natural rubber prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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