CN117622425A - Underwater replacement method of log and plugging tool applied to underwater replacement method - Google Patents
Underwater replacement method of log and plugging tool applied to underwater replacement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117622425A CN117622425A CN202410018281.7A CN202410018281A CN117622425A CN 117622425 A CN117622425 A CN 117622425A CN 202410018281 A CN202410018281 A CN 202410018281A CN 117622425 A CN117622425 A CN 117622425A
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- log
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- guide rod
- replacement method
- cabin
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship repair and discloses an underwater replacement method of a log and a plugging tool applied to the underwater replacement method. According to the underwater replacement method of the log, the log can be replaced without docking a ship, and the replacement cost of the log is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship repair, in particular to an underwater replacement of a log and a plugging tool applied to the underwater replacement.
Background
The log is used as an important underwater engineering device for measuring the navigational speed of the ship and accumulating the navigational distance. The electromagnetic sensor commonly used in the log has two kinds, one is a planar sensor, the bottom surface of the planar sensor is flush with the bottom of the ship, the other is a guide rod type sensor, because the guide rod is relatively slender and easy to damage, when the log works, the guide rod stretches out from an outlet formed in the bottom of the ship to be contacted with seawater, when the log does not work, the guide rod can be lifted, in order to cut off the inside of the ship cabin and the outlet formed in the bottom of the ship when the guide rod is lifted, the log using the guide rod type sensor also comprises a sea valve, and when the guide rod is retracted into the ship cabin, the sea valve is in a closed state.
With the long-term use of the guide rod, the guide rod may be stuck inside the sea valve to cause incapability of lifting, or the tightness between the guide rod and the sea valve is reduced, so that the whole log including the sea valve needs to be replaced. At present, the ship is usually required to be docked, and the dock bottom is required to be repaired and replaced after being drained, so that the cost is huge, the extra expenditure is seriously increased, the replacement time is long, and the replacement efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide an underwater replacement method of a log, which can complete the replacement of the log when a ship is in a static state, reduce the replacement cost of the log and shorten the replacement time.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the underwater replacement method of the log is used for replacing the log installed on the outer plate of the ship bottom, the log comprises a guide rod, a sea valve and a lifting driving piece, the guide rod can penetrate through the sea valve and penetrate out of a ship cabin from an opening formed in the outer plate of the ship bottom, and the lifting driving piece is connected with the guide rod to drive the guide rod to lift, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, positioning the position of the opening of the ship which is relatively static;
s2, applying force to the guide rod from the inside and/or the outside of the cabin to enable the guide rod to penetrate out of the opening, and closing the sea valve after the guide rod completely penetrates through the sea valve;
s3, plugging the opening outside the cabin by using a plugging tool;
s4, removing the old part of the log except the guide rod in the cabin and installing a new log;
s5, dismantling the plugging tool.
Preferably, determining the position of the opening in step S1 includes:
preliminarily determining the position of the opening by combining with a drawing;
informing the frogman of changing the diving direction in real time according to the observed bubble generation position of the frogman and the moving position of the carried haulage rope;
and knocking a deck near the installation position of the log by a heavy object to generate vibration and sound, guiding the frogman to find the opening, and fixing one end of the haulage rope at a position of the bottom of the ship close to the opening.
Preferably, one end of the traction rope is fixed with a strong magnet.
Preferably, the removing of the guide rod in step S2 includes: knocking the guide rod from the cabin to enable the guide rod to move outside the cabin, extracting the guide rod under water, and closing the sea valve when the guide rod completely passes through the sea valve.
Preferably, in step S3, the method for plugging the opening by using the plugging tool includes: and adjusting the plugging tool to enable the opening to be opposite to the central position of the plugging tool, and fixing the plugging tool at the bottom of the ship to plug the opening.
Preferably, the log further comprises a bottom plate, the sea valve and the lifting driving part are both installed on the bottom plate, a through hole for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the bottom plate, and the through hole and the opening are required to be coaxial when the new log is replaced in step S4.
Preferably, before the plugging tool is removed, it is necessary to determine whether the sealing performance of the sea valve in the new log is good.
Preferably, before step S1, it is necessary to check the hatch of the log cabin for water tightness and to prepare an emergency cork and a submersible pump according to the size of said opening.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a plugging tool for plugging the opening in an underwater replacement method of a log, wherein the plugging tool comprises a magnetic plate, a sealing layer, a magnet and a handle, the magnet can be adsorbed on the bottom of a ship, the sealing layer and the handle are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the magnetic plate, and one side of the magnetic plate, on which the sealing layer is arranged, can be adsorbed on the magnet to plug the opening.
Preferably, the sealing layer is made of foam rubber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for replacing the log under the water, the opening of the log is plugged by using the plugging tool, the integral replacement of the log can be completed in the cabin, the docking of a ship is not needed, huge cost brought by the docking is saved, great economic benefit is achieved, the replacement time of the log is reduced, and the time cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a meter mounted on a bottom outer plate in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a plugging tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the underwater replacement of a meter in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a sea valve; 2. a lifting driving member; 3. a bottom plate; 4. a bottom outer plate; 5. a guide sleeve; 6. a sealing layer; 7. a magnetic plate; 8. a handle.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.
The first aspect of the present invention proposes an underwater replacement method for a log, and first, a simple description is given of a log structure to which the present invention is applied. Referring to fig. 1, the log is mounted on a ship bottom outer plate 4, and comprises a guide rod (not shown in the drawing), a sea going valve 1, a lifting driving member 2 and an upper limit (not shown in the drawing, generally adopting a ring-shaped fixing structure such as a clamp) wherein the sea going valve 1 and the lifting driving member 2 are mounted on the ship bottom outer plate 4 through a bottom plate 3, a through hole for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the bottom plate 3, an opening for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the ship bottom outer plate 4, the opening and the through hole are coaxial, the sea going valve 1 is located right above the opening, one end of the guide rod passes through an upper limit fixed in a ship cabin, the other end of the guide rod is inserted into the sea going valve 1, a guide sleeve 5 is arranged in the opening for guaranteeing tightness and reducing friction between the guide rod and the ship bottom outer plate 4, the guide sleeve 5 is in a T shape, the bottom plate 3 is in threaded connection with the ship bottom outer plate 4, the bottom plate 3 can extrude the guide sleeve 5 to form sealing when being mounted on the ship bottom outer plate 4, meanwhile, a sealing gasket is further arranged between the bottom plate 3 and the ship bottom outer plate 4, the sealing gasket is made of an oil-resistant asbestos rubber, the lifting driving member 2 is generally adopts an oil-resistant asbestos gasket, and the lifting driving member is connected with the guide rod to the lifting driving rod. When the log works, the guide rod can pass through the sea valve 1 from top to bottom under the action of the lifting driving piece 2 and pass out of the opening; when the log is not in operation, the guide rod is lifted to the lower end of the guide rod above the sea valve 1 under the action of the lifting driving piece 2, and the sea valve 1 is in a closed state at the moment. The arrangement can ensure that seawater does not enter the cabin when the log receives and releases the guide rod.
Referring to fig. 3, based on the structure of the log, an underwater replacement method for the log is provided in the embodiment of the present invention, which can remove the log or replace some components of the log in a seawater environment. The underwater replacement method of the log mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, the opening position of a ship in a static state is externally positioned, so that a frogman who subsequently executes underwater operation can quickly and smoothly find the opening position when the frogman performs multiple operations (the time for submerging the ship is limited, and all the operations are difficult to complete at one time).
S2, applying force to the guide rod from the inside and/or the outside of the cabin to enable the guide rod to penetrate out of the opening, and when the guide rod completely penetrates through the sea valve 1, the sea valve 1 needs to be closed in time;
s3, sealing the opening by using a plugging tool when frogman water is discharged outside the cabin;
s4, removing the parts of the old log except the guide rod in the cabin and installing a new log;
s5, the frogman drains again, and the plugging tool is removed.
According to the underwater replacement method of the log, the opening is plugged through the dive of the frogman, the purpose of replacing the log in the cabin is achieved, the method that the log is replaced by taking in the seawater in the dock and taking out the seawater in the dock is abandoned, the underwater replacement method of the log can be carried out in a ship static state, and the cost increase caused by docking is greatly reduced. In order to improve the safety of frogman operations, the vessel is generally stationary at the quay. I.e. the above-mentioned operations are performed at the quay.
In some embodiments, the method for positioning the position of the opening in step S1 specifically includes: the method comprises the steps that the position of an opening is preliminarily determined by combining a drawing, a frogman wears the diving suit, a haulage rope is carried on a work boat to launch, one end of the haulage rope is fixed on the work boat, the direction is roughly confirmed before launching, a driver or other staff of the work boat judges the direction of the frogman relative to the position of the opening by observing the bubble generation position of the frogman and the moving position of the haulage rope, the frogman is informed of instantly changing the diving direction through professional underwater communication equipment, meanwhile, personnel in a cabin knocks a deck near the opening through a heavy object to generate vibration and sound, the frogman is guided to find the opening, one end of the haulage rope is fixed at the position of the bottom of the boat near the opening, and the frogman returns to the work boat after positioning is finished.
In the implementation process, workers on the working boat and workers in the cabin can be matched with frogman to quickly find the position of the opening in the sea water which cannot be seen. After the haulage rope is fixed at the bottom of the ship, the position of the opening can be quickly found under the guidance of the haulage rope when the frogman performs the subsequent diving operation for a plurality of times, so that the replacement efficiency of the log is improved.
In order to fix the haulage rope at the bottom of the ship as soon as possible, one end of the haulage rope carried by the frogman is fixed with a powerful magnet which can be directly adsorbed at the bottom of the ship.
The reason why the guide rod is caught in the sea valve 1 is that the lower portion of the guide rod is often deformed or dislocated, and therefore, the guide rod is normally moved out of the cabin by applying a force in the cabin. Thus, in some embodiments, the removal of the old log specifically includes the steps of: the frogman dives to the position of the opening again according to the guidance of the hauling rope, the rope is used for connecting one end of the guide rod penetrating out of the outlet, personnel in the ship cabin knock the guide rod by using the abandoning rod, so that the guide rod moves outwards, in the knocking process, the personnel in the ship cabin and the frogman keep real-time communication, the frogman receives and withdraws the guide rod outside the ship cabin according to the moving condition of the guide rod, the guide rod is prevented from falling into the sea floor, and the reason of the clamping stagnation or the leak tightness of the guide rod is determined according to the guide rod later, and the marine valve 1 is closed in time when the guide rod completely passes through the marine valve 1.
The above-described operation makes it easier to disengage the guide rod from the sea valve 1 and reduces the time in the frogman's potential water, compared to applying a force to the guide rod outside the cabin into the cabin, or a force to the guide rod in the cabin away from the opening.
In some embodiments, the method for plugging the opening by using the plugging tool comprises the following steps: the frogman carries the plugging tool to submerge to the opening, the plugging tool is adjusted to enable the opening to be opposite to the central position of the plugging tool, and the plugging tool is fixed at the bottom of the ship to plug the opening. After the plugging work is finished, frogman informs personnel in the cabin of the ship through underwater communication equipment, the personnel in the cabin opens the sea valve 1, the water inflow condition in the cabin is observed, if the plugging is successful after instant water outflow is stopped, and if water always enters, the plugging tool needs to be readjusted until the water is completely not discharged.
In some embodiments, the specific steps of removing the old log and installing the new log based on the lift drive 2 being a cylinder include:
removing a connecting air pipe connected with the lifting driving piece 2, removing old sealing gaskets between the bottom plate 3 and the bottom outer plate 4 and the bottom plate 3, preparing new sealing gaskets according to the shape of the old sealing gaskets, removing the guide sleeve 5, and inserting a screw into the guide sleeve 5 to pull out the guide sleeve 5 if the fit clearance between the guide sleeve 5 and the bottom outer plate 4 is small, wherein the guide sleeve 5 is not easy to pull out from the opening; after the guide sleeve 5 is pulled out, the water remaining in the opening is sucked up and the opening size is measured to determine the size of the new guide sleeve 5 required.
The novel guide sleeve 5 is placed in the opening, the bottom plate 3 and the novel sealing gasket are placed on the bottom outer plate 4, and after the opening, the through holes on the bottom plate 3 for the guide rods to pass through and the upper limit are all coaxial, the bottom plate 3 and the sealing gasket are fixed on the bottom outer plate 4 by bolts. During operation, the guide rod can be used for judging whether the through hole, the opening and the upper limit are coaxial or not, and if the guide rod moves up and down, the coaxial is indicated.
If the lifting driving part 2 is an oil cylinder or an electric cylinder, the connecting oil pipe or the cable connected with the lifting driving part 2 is removed.
In some embodiments, the method of removing the plugging tool comprises: after the new log is closed, the frogman drains and removes the plugging tool, personnel in the cabin check whether the ship cabin is water permeable, if so, the opening can be plugged again by using the plugging tool, the new log replaced in the cabin is subjected to sealing treatment, after the good sealing performance is determined, the lifting driving part 2 is operated to move the new guide rod, the new guide rod extends out of the ship body from the opening, and the frogman is informed of lightly shaking the lower end of the new guide rod to check a gap, so that the perpendicularity of the new guide rod is judged. After each item ensures no errors, the frogman is informed to carry the plugging tool to return to the working boat.
In some embodiments, the old log needs to be prepared before being removed, including the following: 1. and (3) carrying out water tightness inspection on the hatch cover of the log cabin, removing the wiring and the cable of each junction box in the log cabin, and closing the hatch cover of the log cabin to isolate the log cabin from other cabins when necessary (the opening is difficult to block and the log cabin is in water). 2. The emergency wood plug is prepared in advance according to the size of the opening, the water level line is generally within 5 meters when the ship is in a berthing state, and the generated pressure is small, so that the wood plug can be directly plugged into the opening to block the opening when the log cabin is filled with water. 3. A plurality of sets of submersible pumps are arranged in the log cabin, and particularly 3 sets of submersible pumps can be arranged, so that water can be pumped in when the log cabin is filled with water. 4. Staff and motor personnel are arranged in the log cabin, the deck, the working boat and the walkway, and each staff is provided with communication equipment such as interphones and the like to cope with the occurrence of emergency.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 2, the invention further provides a plugging tool, which is applied to the underwater replacement method of the log and is used for plugging an opening, the plugging tool comprises a magnetic plate 7, a sealing layer 6, a magnet and a handle 8, the handle 8 and the sealing layer 6 are respectively arranged on two sides of the magnetic plate 7, the magnet adopts a powerful magnet and can be directly adsorbed on the bottom of a ship, one side of the magnetic plate 7, on which the sealing layer 6 is arranged, can be fixed on the bottom of the ship through the adsorption of the magnet, so that the opening is quickly plugged, and the handle 8 is beneficial to carrying of frogmans.
In order to improve the connection firmness between the magnetic plate 7 and the ship bottom, in some embodiments, the magnetic plate 7 is made of a round steel plate with the thickness of 5mm and the diameter of 300mm, seawater is not easy to corrode the steel plate, and the service life of the plugging tool is prolonged. Similarly, the handle 8 is made of round steel having a diameter of 4mm and is welded to the magnetic plate 7. The sealing layer 6 is made of foamed rubber with the thickness of 20 mm.
More specifically, the magnet is provided with four, encircles the opening and sets up around the opening, and four magnets enclose and close and form the shutoff region, and each terminal surface of magnetic plate 7 can adsorb on the magnet and realize the shutoff to the opening.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The underwater replacement method of the log, is used for replacing the log installed on the hull planking (4), the log includes the guide arm, sea going valve (1) and lift driving piece (2), the said guide arm can pass the said sea going valve (1) and pass out of the cabin from the opening offered on the hull planking (4), the said lift driving piece (2) is connected with said guide arm, in order to drive the said guide arm to go up and down, characterized by, comprising the following steps:
s1, externally positioning the position of the opening of the ship at relative rest;
s2, applying force to a guide rod of an old log from the inside and/or the outside of the log so that the guide rod penetrates out of the opening, and closing the sea valve (1) in time when the guide rod completely penetrates through the sea valve (1);
s3, plugging the opening outside the cabin by using a plugging tool;
s4, removing the old parts of the log except the guide rods in the cabin and installing a new log;
s5, dismantling the plugging tool.
2. The underwater replacement method for a log according to claim 1, wherein determining the position of the opening in step S1 comprises:
preliminarily determining the position of the opening by combining with a drawing;
informing the frogman of changing the diving direction in real time according to the observed bubble generation position of the frogman and the moving position of the carried haulage rope;
and knocking a deck near the installation position of the log by a heavy object to generate vibration and sound, guiding the frogman to find the opening, and fixing one end of the haulage rope at a position of the bottom of the ship close to the opening.
3. The underwater replacement method of a log according to claim 2, wherein a strong magnet is fixed to one end of the haulage rope.
4. The underwater replacement method for a log according to claim 1, wherein the removing of the guide bar in step S2 includes: knocking the guide rod from the cabin to enable the guide rod to move outside the cabin, extracting the guide rod under water, and closing the sea valve (1) when the guide rod completely passes through the sea valve (1).
5. The underwater replacement method of a log according to claim 1, wherein the method for plugging the opening by using the plugging tool in step S3 is as follows: and adjusting the plugging tool to enable the opening to be opposite to the central position of the plugging tool, and fixing the plugging tool at the bottom of the ship to plug the opening.
6. The underwater replacement method of a log according to claim 1, further comprising a base plate (3), wherein the sea valve (1) and the lifting driving member (2) are mounted on the base plate (3), a through hole for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the base plate (3), and the through hole and the opening are required to be coaxial when the log is replaced in step S4.
7. The underwater replacement method of a log according to claim 1, characterized in that it is necessary to determine whether the sea valve (1) in a new log is well sealed before removing the plugging fixture.
8. The underwater replacement method of a log according to claim 1, wherein before step S1, it is necessary to perform a watertight inspection of a hatch of the log cabin and prepare an emergency wood plug and a submersible pump according to the size of the opening.
9. The plugging tool is used in the underwater replacement method of the log according to any one of claims 1-8 and is used for plugging the opening, the plugging tool comprises a magnetic plate (7), a sealing layer (6), a magnet and a handle (8), the magnet can be adsorbed on the bottom of a ship, the sealing layer (6) and the handle (8) are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the magnetic plate (7), and one side of the magnetic plate (7) provided with the sealing layer (6) can be adsorbed on the magnet to plug the opening.
10. Plugging tool according to claim 9, wherein the sealing layer (6) is made of foamed rubber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410018281.7A CN117622425A (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | Underwater replacement method of log and plugging tool applied to underwater replacement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410018281.7A CN117622425A (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | Underwater replacement method of log and plugging tool applied to underwater replacement method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117622425A true CN117622425A (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410018281.7A Pending CN117622425A (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | Underwater replacement method of log and plugging tool applied to underwater replacement method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117622425A (en) |
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- 2024-01-05 CN CN202410018281.7A patent/CN117622425A/en active Pending
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