CN1176218A

CN1176218A - Elevator with emergency stop function, emergency stop device for elevator and its brake scotch

Info

Publication number: CN1176218A
Application number: CN97109637A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 加藤雅礼; 五户康广; 深泽孝幸; 小林英彦; 中川俊明
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 1996-09-10
Filing date: 1997-02-21
Publication date: 1998-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2017-02-21
Also published as: KR100272643B1; CN1076315C; KR19980023949A

Abstract

The invention describes a brake shoe for an elevator emergency stop which has heat resistance over 1000 DEG C and a stably high coefficient of friction even under high-speed high-stress conditions and has excellent sinter resistance relative to a rail. A brake shoe for an elevator emergency stop has a including a brake body having a braking face and (b) plurality of braking pieces embodied in the braking face side of the brake body to be projected from a braking face. The projection of each of the braking pieces forms a column or a multi-cornered pole having rounded corners. The braking pieces are made of a composite material containing a ceramic base material selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, silicon carbide and sialon, and particles of at least one ceramic material selected from the group consisting of a carbide, a nitride and a boride. The ceramic particles have a particle size in the range of 10 to 150 Mu m, and dispersed into the ceramic base material.

Description

Elevator, elevator emergency stop device and its brake scotch of band emergency stop function

The present invention relates to a kind of elevator emergency stop device with brake scotch, elevator emergency stop device and have the elevator of emergency stop function.

Elevator is to prevent that the accidental damage etc. owing to elevator from having set up emergency braking device.This emergency braking device has the elastomeric element that is installed in by the U font of the pair of end portions bottom, that have the free enlarging of along continuous straight runs of the cage of lifting mechanism lifting; Install and the bottom of the subtend face a pair of guiding parts of side bevelled outwardly along the mutual subtend of the both ends inner face of described elastomeric element; Be configured in the centre of described guiding parts, the guide rail of the T font section that can vertically extend; Along dip plane easy on and off between described guiding parts of described guiding parts move and with described guide rail be the mutual subtend setting in center, have a pair of brake scotch of brake surface vertically, and be installed on the described brake scotch respectively, be used for drawing mechanism that described brake scotch is upwards drawn.In this emergency braking device, when described cage being fallen owing to the unexpected breakage of elevator, detect this speed of fall, make described drawing mechanism action, described brake scotch is pulled to the top along described guiding parts, elastic force by described elastomeric element is clamped described guide rail by the described brake surface of described brake scotch, the described cage that falls is decelerated stop by acting on friction force between described brake scotch and the described guide rail.

Although brake scotch is in the past formed by materials such as cast iron with suitable friction coefficient and antifriction consumption and copper based sintered alloys.But in the last few years, high speed, the high capacity elevator that need adapt with it along with the high stratification of building produced the problem that produces heat and friction coefficient decline because of friction thus.For example, by simulation, elevator action speed is under the situation of 800m/min, and the local temperature at Frictional Slipping face place also has 1000 ℃ the situation that surpasses.When this temperature takes place when described deceleration of elevator stops, using the brake scotch that is made of metal in the difficulty that still on resistance to effect of heat, all becomes on the intensity.At this moment, because the brake scotch and the guide rail that slow down after stopping react, problems such as sintering can take place.

Thus, on the special public clear 62-34674 communique of Japanese Patent, disclose the ceramic wafer that uses good heat resistance be processed into a plurality of projection as the slide unit of one, this slide unit be embedded to and constitute structure on the brake surface of guide rail subtend of body by metal.But, because a plurality of projections that is made of described pottery forms one with ceramic wafer thereby when described deceleration stops, owing to be accompanied by impact during with the guide rail clamping, can be in the root place breakage of described projection, make the friction coefficient of described projection extremely low, that is to say brake action is reduced.Because the abrasion amount of described stupalith is very little, thereby, when projection the frictional behavior 1 time can be very not strong yet.Its result, slowing down rapidly when elevator emergency stops to stop to become very difficult.

Have the resistance to effect of heat that surpasses 1000 ℃ also has stable high friction coefficient simultaneously and has relative guide rail under the high speed heavily stressed good sintering resistance even the purpose of this invention is to provide, have in addition stable braking characteristics the elevator emergency stop device brake scotch.

Have the resistance to effect of heat that surpasses 1000 ℃ also has stable high friction coefficient simultaneously and has relative guide rail under the high speed heavily stressed good sintering resistance even the purpose of this invention is to provide, have in addition good Dent resistance, stable braking characteristics the elevator emergency stop device brake scotch.

Another purpose of the present invention provides has stable braking characteristics and elevator emergency stop device that can miniaturization.

Other purpose of the present invention provides to be had when the breakage by described lifting mechanism falls described cage, and the phenomenons such as sintering with guide rail can not take place, the elevator of the elevator emergency hold function that described cage is slowed down really stop.

The invention provides a kind of elevator emergency stop device brake scotch, the brake plate that it has brake and is configured in the brake surface side of described body, this brake plate is by in the selected ceramic mother metal in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum, contains the above selected at least a ceramic masses from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum of 10 weight % and constitutes.

The present invention also provides a kind of elevator emergency stop device, and it has:

The elastomeric element of the formation U font of the free enlarging of along continuous straight runs;

Install and the bottom of the subtend face a pair of guiding parts of side bevelled outwardly along the mutual subtend of the both ends inner face of described elastomeric element;

The guide rail of the T font that be configured in the centre of described guiding parts, vertically extends;

Can move along dip plane easy on and off between described guiding parts of described guiding parts, and with described guide rail is that the mutual subtend in center is provided with, a pair of brake scotch with the brake surface that vertically extends, this brake scotch has (a) brake, reach the brake plate that (b) is configured in the brake surface side of described body, this brake plate is by at silicon nitride, titanium boride, in the selected ceramic mother metal, contain the above selected at least a ceramic masses from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum of 10 weight % and constitute in silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and the carborundum; And

Drawing mechanism above being installed in respectively on the described brake scotch, when urgent, being used for described each brake scotch pulled to along described guiding parts, by described each guiding parts of elastic force pushing of described elastomeric element, clamp described guide rail thus by the described brake surface of described each brake scotch.

The present invention also provides a kind of elevator with emergency stop function, and it has:

Cage;

The lifting mechanism that is used for the cage lifter railway carriage or compartment;

Elastomeric element by the supporting device formation U font that install, the free enlarging of along continuous straight runs bottom described cage;

Be installed in respectively on the described brake scotch, because the drawing mechanism of the breakage of described lifting mechanism above being used for when described cage is fallen described each brake scotch pulled to along described guiding parts, by described each guiding parts of elastic force pushing of described elastomeric element, clamp described guide rail thus by the described brake surface of described each brake scotch.

The present invention also provides a kind of elevator emergency stop device brake scotch, the brake plate that it has brake and is configured in the brake surface side of described body, the composite material in the selected ceramic mother metal constitutes this brake plate in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum by a plurality of ceramic-fibres are disperseed to bury underground in the vertical mode of described relatively brake surface.

Can move along dip plane easy on and off between described guiding parts of described guiding parts and be a pair of brake scotch mutual subtend setting in center, that have vertically the brake surface that extends with described guide rail, this brake scotch has (a) brake, reaches the brake plate that (b) is configured in the brake surface side of described body, and the composite material in the selected ceramic mother metal constitutes this brake plate in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum by a plurality of ceramic-fibres are disperseed to bury underground in the vertical mode of described relatively brake surface; And

Cage;

The present invention also provides a kind of elevator emergency stop device brake scotch, and it has:

Brake; And forming a plurality of brake plates of cylindric or rib shape at the protrusion that the brake surface side of described body is buried underground in mode outstanding from its face, this brake plate is to be 10 with particle diameter ^-The selected at least a ceramic particle from carbide metal, nitride and boride of 150 μ m is distributed to the formation of the composite material in the selected ceramic mother metal from silicon nitride, carborundum and silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic.

Can move along dip plane easy on and off between described guiding parts of described guiding parts and be a pair of brake scotch mutual subtend setting in center, that have vertically the brake surface that extends with described guide rail, this brake scotch have (a) brake, and the protrusion of (b) burying underground in mode outstanding from its face in the brake surface side of described body form a plurality of brake plates of cylindric or rib shape, and described brake plate is to be 10 with particle diameter ^-The selected at least a ceramic particle from carbide metal, nitride and boride of 150 μ m is distributed to the formation of the composite material in the selected ceramic mother metal from silicon nitride, carborundum and silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic; And

Cage;

Can move along dip plane easy on and off between described guiding parts of described guiding parts and be a pair of brake scotch mutual subtend setting in center, that have vertically the brake surface that extends with described guide rail, and

Drawing mechanism above being installed in respectively on the described brake scotch, when urgent, being used for described each brake scotch pulled to along described guiding parts, by described each guiding parts of elastic force pushing of described elastomeric element, clamp described guide rail thus by the described brake surface of described each brake scotch;

Described elastomeric element has in upper side with the big elastic force of pressing described each guiding parts of trying hard to recommend.

Cage;

Can move along dip plane easy on and off between described guiding parts of described guiding parts and be a pair of brake scotch mutual subtend setting in center, that have vertically the brake surface that extends with described guide rail; And

Be installed in respectively on the described brake scotch, because the drawing mechanism of the breakage of described lifting mechanism above being used for when described cage is fallen described each brake scotch pulled to along described guiding parts, by described each guiding parts of elastic force pushing of described elastomeric element, clamp described guide rail thus by the described brake surface of described each brake scotch;

Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram that shows the elevator with emergency braking device involved in the present invention,

Fig. 2 be the A of Fig. 1 to view,

Fig. 3 is the cross sectional drawing of the elevator emergency stop device of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is the cross sectional drawing along IV-IV line among Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 A is the cross sectional drawing that shows the brake plate on the brake scotch that is assemblied in the emergency braking device among Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 B is the front elevation of the brake plate of Fig. 5 A,

Fig. 6 A is the cross sectional drawing that shows other brake plate on the brake scotch that is assemblied in the emergency braking device among Fig. 3,

Fig. 6 B is the front elevation of the brake plate of Fig. 6 A,

Fig. 7 is the cross sectional drawing of the elevator emergency stop device of displayed map 3 state when urgent,

Fig. 8 is the cross sectional drawing that shows other elevator emergency stop device involved in the present invention,

Fig. 9 A is the front elevation that shows the brake scotch on the emergency braking device that is assemblied among Fig. 8,

Fig. 9 B is the cross sectional drawing along the IXB-IXB line of Fig. 9 A,

Figure 10 A is the front elevation that shows the another kind of brake scotch on the emergency braking device that is assemblied among Fig. 8,

Figure 10 B is the cross sectional drawing along the XB-XB line of Figure 10 A,

Figure 11 A is the front elevation that shows other brake scotch on the emergency braking device that is assemblied among Fig. 8,

Figure 11 B is the cross sectional drawing along the XIB-XIB line of Figure 11 A,

Figure 12 A is the front elevation that shows other brake scotch on the emergency braking device that is assemblied among Fig. 8,

Figure 12 B is the cross sectional drawing along the XIIB-XIIB line of Figure 12 A,

Figure 13 A is the cross sectional drawing that shows the brake plate on the brake scotch that is assemblied in the emergency braking device among Fig. 8,

Figure 13 B is the front elevation of the brake plate of Figure 13 A,

Figure 14 A is the cross sectional drawing that shows other brake plate on the brake scotch that is assemblied in the emergency braking device among Fig. 8,

Figure 14 B is the front elevation of the brake plate of Figure 14 A,

Figure 15 is the cross sectional drawing that shows state when other elevator emergency stop device involved in the present invention is urgent,

Figure 16 is the cross sectional drawing that shows other emergency braking devices involved in the present invention,

Figure 17 is the oblique drawing that shows the elastomeric element in the elevator emergency stop device that is assemblied in Figure 16,

Figure 18 is the cross sectional drawing that shows state when other elevator emergency stop device involved in the present invention is urgent,

Figure to 19 is the cross sectionals drawing that show other elevator emergency stop device involved in the present invention,

Figure 20 characteristic map that to be the brake plate that shows embodiments of the invention 1 and comparative example 1 change from the friction coefficient of friction beginning when stopping with composite material,

Figure 21 characteristic map that to be the brake plate that shows embodiments of the invention 58 and comparative example 19 change from the friction coefficient of friction beginning when stopping with composite material,

Figure 22 is the characteristic map that shows thin bar-shaped test piece relative abrasion amount after test of being made with composite material by the brake plate of embodiments of the invention 58 and comparative example 19,

Figure 23 A is the front elevation that shows test parts used among the embodiment 60～94,

Figure 23 B is the cross sectional drawing along the XXIIIB-XXIIIB line of Figure 23 A,

Figure 24 A is the front elevation that shows other used among the embodiment 60～94 test parts,

Figure 24 B is the cross sectional drawing along the XXIVB-XXIVB line of Figure 24 A,

Figure 25 A is the front elevation that shows other test parts used among the embodiment 60～94,

Figure 25 B is the cross sectional drawing along the XXVB-XXVB line of Figure 25 A,

Figure 26 is the brake plate that shows embodiments of the

invention

95,96 and comparative example 19 with the characteristic map of composite material from the friction coefficient variation of friction beginning when stopping,

Figure 27 is the characteristic map that shows thin bar-shaped test piece relative abrasion amount after test of being made with composite material by the brake plate of embodiments of the

invention

95,96 and comparative example 19.

Below, describe the elevator with emergency braking device involved in the present invention in detail with reference to Fig. 1-4.

Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram that shows the elevator with emergency braking device, Fig. 2 be the A of Fig. 1 to view, Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing that shows the emergency braking device of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is the sectional drawing along IV-IV line among Fig. 3.

A pair of emergency braking device 1 be installed in to subtend respectively cage 2 about the bottom. The steel cable 3 of lift (not shown) is installed on the upper beam of above-mentioned cage 2. Pair of guide rails 4 is configured in respectively on its lifting direction (vertical direction) along the side that is disposing the described cage 2 of described a pair of emergency braking device 1.

Towards described cage 2 one sides be installed in the limiter of speed steel cable 6 with attachment 5 in the elevator operation way and be arranged between the pulley 7 and the limiter of speed 8 on the top layer under the floor. The first bar 9 engages with described attachment 5. The 2nd bar 10 that front end is positioned at described cage 2 right flanks is connected with described the 1st bar 9 by stock 11. The front end of 2 pull ropes 12 is respectively installed on described the 1st bar 9. The lower end of described each pull rope 12 is installed on the aftermentioned brake scotch that is installed in the described emergency braking device 1 on described cage 2 bottom lefts. The front end of 2 pull ropes 13 is respectively installed on described the 2nd bar 10. The lower end of described pull rope 13 is installed on the aftermentioned brake scotch of the described emergency braking device 1 that is installed in described cage 2 right bottoms. Hold assembly 14 be configured in described limiter of speed 8 near.

When because fault of described lift (not shown) etc. when causing that its steel wire rope 3 is cut off, makes described cage 2 to fall, when the decrease speed of described cage 2 and the described limiter of speed steel cable 6 by described bar 9, connection such as 10 detects above setting speed and by described limiter of speed 8, this detecting signal outputs on the described hold assembly 14, make this hold assembly 14 actions, clamp described limiter of speed steel cable 6. When this limiter of speed steel cable 6 is jammed, by be installed in its operation way in the 1st, the 2nd bar 9,10 that engages of described attachment 5, to be installed in pull rope 12 on them, 13 tensions, the brake scotch that makes a pair of emergency braking device 1 described later by on carry. Limiter of speed steel cable 6 by having this attachment 5, pulley 7, limiter of speed 8, the 1st, the 2nd bar 9,10, stock 11, pull rope 12,13 and hold assembly 14 carry mechanism on consisting of.

Shown in Fig. 2～4, described emergency braking device 1 has a pair of support plate 15 by mutual subtend₁、15 ₂Fixing upper guard-plate 16 and under shield 17.

Lower baffle plate

16,17 front central portion are cut respectively the

groove

18,19 of elongate on described. In described

groove

18,19, pass respectively the protruding part of described T font guide rail 4. Be positioned at described each support plate 15₁、15 ₂The two ends of the described under shield 17 of side form respectively notch 21₁、21 ₂ The top and the bottom difference is 2 beams 22 of side right-angle bending outwardly₁、22 ₂The upper end be connected with the bottom surface of described cage 2 respectively, its lower end is connected with described upper guard-plate 16 respectively.

The a pair of guiding parts 23 that is consisted of by the trapezoid block that falls₁、23 ₂, by described each support plate 15₁、 15 ₂The bottom that reaches the face of the mutual subtend of upper and lower side that is configured to them in described upper

lower baffle plate

16,17 spaces of marking rolls tiltedly outwardly. Described each guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂Be positioned at described each support plate 15₁、15 ₂Form respectively projection tab 24 on the upper and lower end parts of side₁、25 ₁、24 ₂、25 ₂ Described projection tab 24₁、25 ₁、 24 ₂、25 ₂Respectively with described upper

lower baffle plate

16,17 described notch 20₁、20 ₂、21 ₁、21 ₂Engage. By this joint, described each guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂Can be below described upper guard-plate 16 and described under shield 17 above configuration with being free to slide. Upper shape is the U word, it has the both ends 26 of free enlarging₁、26 ₂ Elastomeric element 27 with described both ends 26₁、26 ₂Near inner face be positioned at described space, the mode that engages with the outer lateral side of described each guiding parts inserts. Described both ends 26₁、26 ₂Elastic force be applied to described each guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂On, make these guiding parts 23₁、 23 ₂Mutually close. But, described each guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂With described notch 20₁、20 ₂、21 ₁、 21 ₂Forward position wall section restriction mutually more than the interval near regulation. And, by described each guiding parts 23₁、 23 ₂Configuration, between them, formed the space of inverted v-shaped.

A pair of brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂Mutually be configured in to subtend described guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂Between, and their bottom is placed on the described bottom plate washer 17. Described brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂By brake 29₁、29 ₂, be embedded in brake 29₁、29 ₂The brake(-holder) block 30 of elongated plate-like of braking surface side₁、 30 ₂Consist of brake 29₁、29 ₂For four ribs that have vertically the braking surface that extends trapezoidal. Such brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂With described brake 29₁、29 ₂Outer lateral incline and described guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂The in contact easy on and off motion ground configuration of interior lateral incline. And the section that vertically extends is that the protruding part of the described guide rail 4 of T font is positioned at described each brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂Between. Described pull rope 13 is installed in respectively described brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂Front lower.

Described brake 29₁、29 ₂By manufacturings such as mild steel, cast iron.

Described brake(-holder) block 30₁、30 ₂(1-1) with following explanation^-Material (1-4) or structure.

(1-1) brake(-holder) block

This brake(-holder) block is in the selected ceramic mother metal, to contain the above at least a ceramic masses composite of selecting of 10 % by weight and consist of from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum.

The reason of stipulating the amount of described ceramic masses is, at this amount during less than 10 % by weight, often can not reach the raising of coefficient of friction when comparing with described ceramic mother metal monomer and prevent that the timeliness of coefficient of friction from changing. And the upper limit of described ceramic masses amount is preferably 40 % by weight that do not cause described brake(-holder) block compactness to reduce.

Described carborundum mono-crystal fiber (needle-like shape), the tabular particle of carborundum (plate-like shape) also can be contained in respectively in the described ceramic mother metal individually. But, from the viewpoint that the coefficient of friction that makes described brake(-holder) block improves, use the composite that contains variform carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum better.

(1-2) brake(-holder) block

This brake(-holder) block is in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum in the selected ceramic mother metal, contain the above at least a ceramic masses of from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum, selecting of 10 % by weight, and the composite of selected at least a continuous fiber in carborundum, silicon nitride, carbon and tungsten that contains 10～55 volume % consists of.

The diameter of described continuous fiber is preferably 10^-Several 100 μ m. But the length of described continuous fiber can be adjusted arbitrarily by size of described brake(-holder) block etc.

The amount of having stipulated described continuous fiber is to carry out according to following reason. , improve the coefficient of friction of described brake(-holder) block or prevent that timeliness from becoming very difficult during less than 10 volume % at the amount of described continuous fiber. On the other hand, when the amount of described continuous fiber surpasses 55 volume %, tend to make the intensity of described ceramic mother metal to become on the contrary low. Therefore, slow down when stopping slipping with guide rail at the brake scotch with brake(-holder) block of being made by this composite, tend at the ceramic mother metal of described brake(-holder) block crackle occur. The amount of best described continuous fiber is 15^-30 volume %.

(1-3) brake(-holder) block

This brake(-holder) block 30₁(30 ₂) structure shown in Fig. 5 A, 5B, many ceramic fibres 32 are exposed to the surface of described mother metal 31, and (brake scotch 28 among the described Fig. 3 of becoming₁、28 ₂The face of braking surface), and bury underground in the tabular ceramic mother metal 31 in the mode of relatively described Surface Vertical.

(1-4) brake(-holder) block

This brake(-holder) block 30₁(30 ₂) structure shown in Fig. 6 A, 6B, the surface that ceramic fibre bundle 33 is exposed to described mother metal 31 (becomes brake scotch 28 in the earlier figures 3₁、28 ₂The face of braking surface) on, and to bury underground on the tabular ceramic fibre mother metal 31 with the perpendicular mode in described surface.

Ceramic mother metal used in the brake(-holder) block of described (1-3), (1-4) is made of such as carborundum, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic, carborundum etc. Although the silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic can be any in α-silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic, the β-silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic, preferably by Si_6-zAl _zN _8-zThe β that explains in (0＜z＜4.2)-silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic. And ceramic mother metal allows to be embedded in inside by mono-crystlling fibre, tabular particle or the continuous fiber that the such pottery of carborundum consists of to be strengthened.

Ceramic fibre used in the brake(-holder) block of described (1-3), (1-4) is made of for example carborundum.

Below, with reference to Fig. 3,4 and Fig. 7 explanation be assemblied in the effect of the emergency braking device in the elevator shown in the earlier figures 1,2.

Elevator when normal operation, as the aforementioned shown in Fig. 3,4, a pair of brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂The braking surface protruding part that is positioned at relative guide rail 4 leave certain interval. The deceleration of the cage 2 that is formed by elevator emergency stop device thus, stops to move inoperative.

On the other hand, when because fault of lift etc. when steel wire rope shown in Figure 13 is cut off, because the cage 2 that described steel cable 3 lifting falls, become so-called state when urgent. Along with falling of described cage 2, also descend by described bar 9, the 10 described limiter of speed steel cables 6 that connect. When this decrease speed detected above setting speed and by described limiter of speed 8, this detecting signal was output on the hold assembly 14, makes hold assembly 14 actions, clamps described limiter of speed steel cable 6. When this limiter of speed steel cable 6 is jammed, by be installed in its way in the 1st, the 2nd bar 9,10 that engages of described attachment 5 pull rope mounted thereto 12,13 is stretched. When pull rope 12,13 is stretched, as shown in Figure 7, each brake scotch 28 on a pair of emergency braking device 1₁、28 ₂Overcome the both ends 26 that make U font elastomeric element 27₁、26 ₂Mutually close elastic force, along guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂The inclined plane be moving upward. When described brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂When being raised, their subtend distance narrows down, and when subtend face (braking surface) touches the protruding part of guide rail 4, by the reaction as described elastomeric element 27, makes their braking surface clamp the protruding part of described guide rail 4. Because at described brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂Braking surface on be formed with brake(-holder) block 30₁、30 ₂, thereby, by by described brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂To the clamping of described guide rail 4 protruding parts, at brake(-holder) block 30₁、30 ₂And the frictional force between the protruding part of described guide rail 4 works, and the described cage 2 that causes to fall and break is slowed down to be stopped.

Cage 2 is slowed down in the process that stops, the brake(-holder) block 30 that slips with guide rail 4₁、30 ₂Formed by illustrated material in aforementioned (1-1), also be, in the ceramic mother metal of in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum, selecting, containing the above resulting at least a ceramic masses from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum of 10 % by weight forms, even the heat resistance that surpasses 1000 ℃ and heavily stressed lower in high speed is arranged, also can demonstrate reliable great friction coefficient, and guide rail there is good anti-sintering characteristic, simultaneously, can suppress the timeliness variation of coefficient of friction.

Also namely, when forming brake(-holder) block by ceramic monomer, we find and the projection of guide rail between slip in, engaging between guide material and the pottery has the various lubricant effects that improve at once. Relative therewith, handle of the present invention is different from this ceramic mother metal, the composite that has mono-crystlling fibre, the tabular particle of the very strong shape of each diversity to be contained in the ceramic mother metal forms brake(-holder) block, even thereby the heat resistance that surpasses 1000 ℃ and heavily stressed lower in high speed arranged, also can demonstrate reliable great friction coefficient, in addition, also can hinder the generation of lubricant effect on the sliding surface of guide rail and described brake(-holder) block, and can suppress the timeliness variation of coefficient of friction. Its result has and is with brake(-holder) block 30 in described (1-1)₁、30 ₂Brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂Elevator emergency stop device 1 can cause its steel wire rope 3 cut Emergency times in the unusual institute by lift, the cage 2 that causes to fall and break is positively stopped by deceleration.

And, since brake(-holder) block be at described (1-2) silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic, and carborundum in the selected ceramic mother metal, contain the above selected at least a ceramic masses from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum of 10 % by weight and contain 0^-The composite of selected at least a continuous fiber from carborundum, silicon nitride, carbon and tungsten of 55 volume % consists of, thereby have and surpass 1000 ℃ heat resistance, even at the heavily stressed lower high coefficient of friction that also can show of high speed, and guide rail demonstrates good sintering resistance relatively, in addition, described ceramic mother metal can be reinforced by continuous fiber. Its result has and is with described brake(-holder) block 30₁、30 ₂Brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂Elevator emergency stop device 1 can cause its steel wire rope 3 cut Emergency times by the unusual institute at lift, the described brake(-holder) block 30 that slips with described guide rail 4₁、30 ₂Ceramic mother metal seminess can not occur, the cage 2 that causes to fall and break can positively be stopped by deceleration.

And in the tabular ceramic mother metal 31 explanation, shown in Fig. 5 A, the 5B, we find to have ceramic fibre 32 relative its Surface Verticals and bury the brake(-holder) block 30 that is also exposed structure underground in described (1-3)₁、30 ₂Have the heat resistance that surpasses 1000 ℃ and also high speed heavily stressed lower also can show high coefficient of friction and relatively guide rail demonstrate good sintering resistance, in addition, we find, be exposed to lip-deep majority fine diameter ceramic fibre with imbed hard particles same effect arranged, and, the particle that comes off as hard particles can not damage guide rail, the friction abrasion characteristic that can play stably. Particularly, in described (1-4) in the tabular ceramic mother metal 31 shown in Fig. 6 A, the 6B of explanation, have ceramic fibre 32 relative its Surface Verticals and bury the brake(-holder) block 30 that is also exposed structure underground₁、30 ₂Can not damage guide rail, have more stable friction abrasion characteristic. Therefore, have and be with this brake(-holder) block 30₁、30 ₂Brake scotch 28₁、28 ₂Elevator emergency stop device 1 can cause its steel wire rope 3 cut Emergency times by the unusual institute at lift, the cage 2 that causes to fall and break is positively stopped by deceleration.

And, described brake scotch (1-1)^-(1-3) owing to have great friction coefficient and toughness, diminish even push the elastomeric elastic force of described brake scotch, also can bring into play the braking characteristic equal with brake scotch in the past. Its result, owing to can make described elastomer miniaturization, thereby can lower the expense of elevator emergency stop device.

Below, explanation is assemblied in other emergency braking device in the elevator shown in the earlier figures 1,2 with reference to Fig. 8. And the parts identical with earlier figures 3 are paid with identical symbol, have omitted its description.

Emergency braking device 41 shown in Figure 8 has a pair of brake scotch 42₁、42 ₂, be configured in to their mutual subtends described guiding parts 23₁、23 ₂Between, and their bottom is placed on the described bottom plate washer 17. Described brake scotch 42₁、42 ₂By brake 43, be embedded in subtend face (braking surface) side of this body 43 and consisted of from a plurality of brake(-holder) blocks 44 that this face highlights and protuberance is the polygon prism shape of cylindric or rib shape respectively,

Described brake 43 is by manufacturings such as mild steel, cast iron.

Described brake scotch 42₁、42 ₂Have for example (2-1) of following explanation^-Structure (2-4).

(2-1) brake scotch

This brake scotch 42₁(42 ₂) shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B, its face that comprises brake side forms four vertical rib trapezoidal shapes in 3 interior sides, has the brake body 43 that is made of metal of rectangle concavity section 45 in the setting of braking surface side. Metal retainer 47 with rectangles a plurality of, for example 6 cylindric through holes 46 is by means of being buried in the concavity section 45 of described body 43 as the plate 48 of the heat resistance fiber system of tabular bolster. Described retainer 47 is fixed on the described body 43 by screw 49. A plurality of, for example 6 columned brake(-holder) blocks 44 are by means of by the formed cylinder 50 of heat resistance long fibre, to be inserted in each through hole 46 of described retainer 47 from the outstanding mode in the surface of described retainer 47 respectively. Described each brake(-holder) block 44 by bonding agent in described cylinder 50 is fixed to described through hole 46. Cancellate groove forms in the front of described each brake(-holder) block 44 (braking surface).

Described each brake 43 and described retainer 47 are formed by the metal such as stainless steel, heat-resisting alloy etc.

Described each brake(-holder) block 44 is to be 10 with particle diameter^-The selected at least a ceramic particle from the such boride of the such nitride of titanium carbide, tungsten carbide such carbide, titanium nitride and titanium boride of 150 μ m is distributed to by the composite in the selected ceramic mother metal in silicon nitride, carborundum and the silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and consists of.

Although described ceramic particle can be distributed in the integral body of described brake(-holder) block, preferably be distributed on the superficial layer that comprises brake(-holder) block surface (braking surface). This have a formed brake(-holder) block of composite that described ceramic particle is distributed to the superficial layer in the described ceramic mother metal, and its surface (braking surface) has great friction coefficient, simultaneously, has good resistance to impact. Therefore, described ceramic particle is being distributed in the situation of described superficial layer, preferably make particle be distributed to by the surface to integral thickness 30% with in the interior top layer. When the thickness on top layer surpass the brake(-holder) block integral thickness 30% the time, tend to because the impact of deceleration when stopping to cause breakage. And, with regard to the lower limit of described skin depth, fastening with the pass of the formation of clathrate groove, because the degree of depth of the described clathrate groove of Thickness Ratio on described top layer is easy to peel off when thin, thereby, be preferably 1% of brake(-holder) block integral thickness.

In that described ceramic particle is distributed in the described brake(-holder) block situation on the whole, be preferably in the described ceramic mother metal and account for 5^-The scope of 30% % by weight. And, in that described ceramic particle is distributed in the situation on the described brake(-holder) block top layer, be preferably in the described ceramic mother metal and account for 5^-The scope of 30 % by weight.

Why stipulated to be distributed to the average grain diameter of the ceramic particle in the ceramic mother metal of described brake(-holder) block 44, it be the reasons are as follows. When the average grain diameter of described ceramic particle during less than 10 μ m, obtain often difficulty of the high brake(-holder) block of coefficient of friction 44. On the other hand, when the average grain diameter of described ceramic particle surpasses 150 μ m, make described ceramic particle Uniform Dispersion difficult, tend to make the intensity of brake(-holder) block 44 low. The average grain diameter of best described ceramic particle is 40^-80μm。

In described each brake(-holder) block 44, the short fiber that also allows to make the heat resistant fibres such as silicon nitride fiber, tungsten fiber and silicon nitride single crystal fiber etc. is Composite in the such ceramic mother metal of silicon nitride.

Be preferably 0.5 from the projecting height of the described retainer 47 of described each brake(-holder) block 44^-2mm. When the projecting height that makes described each brake(-holder) block 44 during less than 0.5mm, when stopping, deceleration gives full play to the braking action difficult to guide rail. On the other hand, when the projecting height that makes described each brake(-holder) block 44 during greater than 2mm, the impact that tends to when stopping owing to slowing down causes breakage.

The maximum length of described each brake(-holder) block 44 (L) is preferably 0.5 with the ratio (L/T) of thickness (T)^-10. The breakage that impact when such brake(-holder) block 44 can more effectively prevent from stopping owing to slowing down causes.

The cancellate groove that forms on the surface of described each brake(-holder) block 44 (braking surface) is 0.1 by the degree of depth preferably^-0.5mm、0.5 ^-The tooth pitch of 5mm and forming. When the clathrate gash depth surpasses 5mm less than 0.1mm, tooth pitch, at the surface of each brake(-holder) block 44 (braking surface) formation groove, effect difficult that coefficient of friction is fully improved.

As the heat resistance long fibre that consists of described plate 48 and cylinder 50, can adopt such as the three-D fiber of carborundum or carbon etc.

(2-2) brake scotch

This brake scotch 42₁(42 ₂) shown in Figure 10 A, 10B, its face that comprises brake side forms four vertical rib trapezoidal shapes in 3 interior sides, has the brake body 43 that is made of metal of rectangle concavity section 45 in the setting of braking surface side. Rectangular-shaped metal retainer 47 buries in the concavity section 45 of described body 43. That described retainer 47 has is a plurality of, 6 cylindrical bore 51 for example, and described retainer 47 parts in these 51 bottoms, hole form the aperture 52 that screw described later is connected. The round-ended cylinder body 50 that has that is made of the heat resistance long fibre is inserted into respectively in each cylindrical bore 52 of described body 43. With the sliding surface opposition side imbedded metal threaded portion 54 a plurality of, for example 6 columned brake(-holder) blocks 44 being with having on the round-ended cylinder body 53 in each hole 51 that is inserted into respectively described retainer 47 from the outstanding modes in described retainer 47 surfaces, and described threaded portion 54 is passed the aperture 52 of described retainer 47 and describedly round-ended cylinder body 53 is arranged and is screwed on the described body 43. By described each brake(-holder) block 44 being fixed on the described body 43 and described retainer 47 also is fixed on the described body 43. Cancellate groove forms in the front of described each brake(-holder) block 44 (braking surface).

Described each brake 43 and described retainer 47 form with the identical metal with described (2-1) middle explanation.

Described each brake(-holder) block 44 has the identical formation with described (2-1) middle explanation.

Described each brake(-holder) block 44 from the projecting height of described retainer 47 with described (2-1) the identical reason of explanation, be preferably 0.5^-2mm。

The cancellate groove that forms on the surface of described each brake(-holder) block 44 (braking surface) with described (2-1) in the identical reason that illustrates, be 0.1 by the degree of depth preferably^-0.5mm、0.5 ^-The tooth pitch of 5mm and forming.

As consisting of the described heat resistance long fibre that round-ended cylinder body 53 is arranged, can list such as the carborundum long fibre etc.

(2-3) brake scotch

This brake scotch 42₁(42 ₂) shown in Figure 11 A, 11B, its face that comprises brake side forms four vertical rib trapezoidal shapes in 3 interior sides, has the brake body 43 that is made of metal of rectangle concavity section 45 in the setting of braking surface side. Rectangular-shaped metal retainer 47 is embedded in the concavity section 45 of described body 43. Described retainer 47 is fixed on the described body 43 by screw 49. That described retainer 47 has is a plurality of, 6 cylindrical bore 52 for example, and these holes 52 are interconnected by the stream 55 at its bottom side. Discoideus metallic plate 56 is fixed to by bonding agent near the centre of cylindrical bore 52 of described retainer 47. Liquid, for example hydraulic press are housed in take described metallic plate 56 as the boundary in the described cylindrical bore 52 and stream 55 with the braking surface opposition side with oil 57. That is to say that described metallic plate 56 is used for being sealing in described cylindrical bore 52 and the stream 55 described oily 57. A plurality of, for example 6 columned brake(-holder) blocks 44 to be being inserted into respectively in each hole 52 of described retainer 47 from the outstanding modes in described retainer 47 surfaces, and described each brake(-holder) block 44 is fixed in the described hole 52 by bonding agent. Cancellate groove forms in the front of described each brake(-holder) block 44 (braking surface).

Described each brake 43 and described retainer 47 are formed by the identical metal with described (2-1) middle explanation.

(2-4) brake scotch

This brake scotch 42₁(42 ₂) shown in Figure 12 A, 12B, its face that will comprise brake side forms four vertical rib trapezoidal shapes in 3 interior sides, has the brake body 43 that is made of metal of rectangle concavity section 45 in the setting of braking surface side. Metal retainer 47 with rectangles a plurality of, for example 5 truncated cone holes 58 buries in the concavity section 45 of described body 43 by heat resistance long fibre plate 48, simultaneously, the brake(-holder) block 59 of circular cone shape by the frustum of a cone cylindrical shell 60 that is consisted of by the heat resistance long fibre respectively the inside side from described retainer 47 be inserted into the described truncated cone hole 58. Described retainer 47 is fixed on the described body 43 by screw 49. By fixing of this retainer 47, described each brake(-holder) block 59 of circular cone shape is from the outstanding desired height in described retainer 47 surfaces. Cancellate groove forms in the front of described each brake(-holder) block 59 (braking surface).

Described brake 43 and described retainer 47 are formed by the identical metal with described (2-1) middle explanation.

Described each brake(-holder) block 59 has the identical formation with described (2-1) middle explanation.

Described each brake(-holder) block 59 from the projecting height of described retainer 47 with described (2-1) the identical reason of explanation, be preferably 0.5^-2mm。

The cancellate groove that forms on the surface of described each brake plate 59 (brake surface) with described (2-1) in the identical reason that illustrates, be 0.1 preferably by the degree of depth ^-0.5mm, 0.5 ^-The tooth pitch of 5mm and forming.

As the resistance to effect of heat long fibre that constitutes described plate 48 and frustum of a cone cylindrical shell 60, for example can list carborundum long fibre etc.

And, at described (2-1) ^-In the brake scotch (2-3), can adopt the triangular prism of corner angle rounding, quadrangular, pentagonal prism, six prismatic such prism-shaped as brake plate.

In the brake scotch of described (2-4), can adopt the pyramid-shaped that triangular pyramid, rectangular pyramid, pentagonal pyramid, the hexagonal vertebra of rib rounding is such.

And, in described (2-1), (2-2) and brake scotch (2-4), can will only be configured in the rear side of described brake plate as the resistance to effect of heat long fibre of padded coaming.

Have again, in the brake scotch of described (2-4), can be made into the brake plate that will form circular cone shape form the described threaded portion of Figure 10 A, 10B as described at bottom side, with the structure of fluid storage in the metallic retainer shown in Figure 11 A, the 11B as described.

Further, at described (2-1) ^-Employed brake plate in the brake scotch (2-3), pyramidal jut 61 that (brake surface) in front gone up shown in Figure 13 A, 13B be the structure of most assortments, and can use the structure of the jut 62 of the half-conical bodily form shown in Figure 14 A, the 14B with the assortments of the rectangular mode majority of the direction of slip of relative guide rail.And, even in the brake scotch of described (2-4) used brake plate, also can with the jut of the Pyramid or the half-conical bodily form in front (brake surface) make the structure of most assortments.

The height of described jut is preferably below the 1mm.When the height of described jut surpasses 1mm, have brake scotch with the brake plate of this jut when deceleration stops and when guide rail slips, tend to make the breakage from the root of described jut to come off.The height of best described jut is 0.2 ^-0.5mm.

Below, with reference to described Fig. 8 and Figure 15 the effect that is assembled in the shutdown feature in the elevator shown in aforesaid Fig. 1,2 is described.

Elevator under the situation of usual operation, as shown in Figure 8, a pair of brake scotch 42 ₁, 42 ₂The subtend face be positioned at the certain interval of protruding part of relative guide rail 4.Thus, the deceleration of the cage 2 that forms by elevator emergency stop device 41 stops to move inoperative.

On the other hand, because fault of elevator etc. when steel rope shown in Figure 13 is cut off,, become so-called state when urgent because the cage 2 that described steel rope 3 lifting falls.Along with the whereabouts of described cage 2, by with this cage 2 and described bar 9.Described velocity limiter steel cable 6 such as 10 bonded assemblys such as grade also descends.When this descending speed surpasses setting speed and when being detected by velocity limiter 8, this detecting signal outputs on the hold assembly 14 and makes these hold assembly 14 actions, clamps described velocity limiter steel cable 6.When this velocity limiter steel cable 6 is clamped, by be installed in its operation way in described attachment 5 and the 1st, the 2nd bar 9,10 that engages, the pull rope 12,13 that is installed on them is tightened up.When pull rope 12,13 is tightened up, as shown in figure 15, a pair of brake scotch 42 on a pair of emergency braking device 41 ₁, 42 ₂Overcome both ends 26, the 26 mutual close elastic forces that make U font elastomeric element 27 and along guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂The dip plane by on carry.When described brake scotch 42 ₁, 42 ₂By on when carrying, their subtend distance narrows down, at subtend face (brake surface) with when the protruding part of guide rail 4 contacts, by as the counteraction of described elastomeric element 27, make these brake surfaces clamp the protruding part of described guide rail 4.At described brake scotch 42 ₁, 42 ₂The brake surface side because a plurality of brake plates 44 form from the outstanding structure of brake surface separately, thereby by by described brake scotch 42 ₁, 42 ₂The protruding part of the described guide rail 4 of clamping, the friction force between the protruding part of brake plate 44 and described guide rail 4 works, and the described cage 2 of whereabouts is decelerated and stops.

Cage 2 is slowed down in the process that stops, the brake scotch 42 that slips with guide rail ₁, 42 ₂Being made of structure explanation, as shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B in aforementioned (2-1), also, is 10 with particle diameter ^-The selected at least a ceramic particle from carbide metal, nitride and boride of 150 μ m is distributed to by the composite material in the selected ceramic mother metal in silicon nitride, carborundum and the silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and constitutes a plurality of columned brake plates 44, and this brake plate 44 is fixed in the mode of giving prominence to from these retainer 47 surfaces by metallic retainer 47 respectively in the brake surface side of brake 43.The brake plate 44 of this formation has the resistance to effect of heat above 1000 ℃, simultaneously, even also demonstrating stable great friction coefficient on its raised face under the high speed heavily stressed, and can prevent when deceleration stops owing to impacting the breakage that causes.Thereby, when stopping, deceleration can give full play to the brake action of relative guide rail.

Also be, make described brake plate 44 by the composite material that uses the hard ceramic particle that titanium carbide is such to be distributed in the so ceramic mother metal of silicon nitride, with the slip of guide rail projection in, even have the resistance to effect of heat that surpasses 1000 ℃ stable great friction coefficient is also arranged simultaneously under the high speed heavily stressed.Particularly be distributed to the brake plate that the composite material in the top layer (for example from the surface to the integral thickness 30% with interior top layer) is made, when surface (brake surface) has great friction coefficient, have good Dent resistance by ceramic particle.And, because described a plurality of brake plates 44 have cylindrical shape, be fixed on the body 43 by described retainer 47 independently respectively simultaneously, thereby when relaxing the breakage of the stress concentration that causes by impact, inhibition crackle etc., even crackle takes place, also can stop by each brake plate 44.Its result has the brake scotch 24 of described (2-1) ₁, 24 ₂Elevator emergency stop device 41 be difficult to produce owing to the great friction coefficient of described a plurality of brake plates 44 makes crackle, because the fault of elevator etc. make this steel rope 3 in emergency circumstances cut, the cage 2 of whereabouts can positively be decelerated and stop.

And, by in described body 43 sides of described brake plate 44 and dispose carborundum three-D fiber such resistance to effect of heat long fibre plate 48 and cylinder 50 on every side, impact energy towards described brake plate 44 when deceleration stops is absorbed by described plate 48 and cylinder 50, thereby can more positively prevent towards the impact of described brake plate 44.Its result has this brake scotch 42 ₁, 42 ₂Elevator emergency stop device 41 because the faults of elevator etc. make this steel rope 3 in emergency circumstances cut, the cage 2 that can cause to fall and break positively is decelerated and stops.

And forming the degree of depth on the surface of brake plate 44 (brake surface) is 0.1 ^-0.5mm, tooth pitch is the reticulation groove of 0.55mm, owing to form jut, friction coefficient improved more, simultaneously, can more effectively discharge the residue that produces by abrasion and carry out heat release.Its result, the elevator emergency stop device 41 with this brake scotch 421,422 is because the fault of elevator etc. make this steel rope 3 in emergency circumstances cut, and the cage 2 that can cause to fall and break positively is decelerated and stops.

And, brake scotch 42 explanation, shown in Figure 10 A, the 10B in aforementioned (2-2) ₁(42 ₂) except have with aforementioned same effect, because brake plate 44 directly is fixed on the body 43 by threaded portion 54 incorporate with it, thereby this brake plate 44 that can will illustrate in described (2-1) is than improving stationarity by adhesive securement to the mode on the metal retainer 47, simultaneously, can be from the surface of described retainer 47 to highlight accurately.

And, brake scotch 42 explanation, that construct shown in Figure 11 A, the 11B in described (2-3) ₁(42 ₂) have on metal retainer 47 oil press for example and be sealing into a plurality of cylindrical bore 52 respectively by near the metal sheet 56 the centre that is configured in described each cylindrical bore 52 in the such liquid 57 of oil and reach in the stream 55 that is communicated with them, also brake plate 44 be fixed to structure in the described cylindrical bore 52 by lining cement respectively.Thus, when deceleration stopped, in the slipping of described brake plate 44 and described guide rail 4 protruding parts, the pressure that is applied on certain brake plate 44 made other brake plate 44 play pushing to the protruding part of described guide rail 4 by described liquid 57.That is to say that the whole brake plate 44 that is configured on the described retainer 47 can evenly slip with the protruding part of described guide rail 4.Its result, the integral body of a plurality of brake plates 44 can play brake action to the protruding part of described guide rail 4.Therefore, have a plurality of brake scotch 42 ₁(42 ₂) elevator emergency stop device 41 because the faults of elevator etc. make this steel rope 3 in emergency circumstances cut, the cage 2 that can cause to fall and break positively is decelerated and stops.

And, brake scotch 42 explanation, that construct shown in Figure 12 A, the 12B in aforementioned (2-4) ₁(42 ₂) except having the brake scotch 42 with aforementioned (2-1) ₁(42 ₂) outside the same effect, owing to be fixed on the body 43 with the metal retainer 47 of the rectangle with a plurality of truncated cones hole 58 brake plate 59 with a plurality of circular cone shapes, thereby can positively prevent owing to impact etc. and to cause flying out of described each brake plate 59.

And, aforesaid brake scotch (2-1) ^-(2-3) owing to have great friction coefficient and an obdurability, even thereby to push the elastomeric elastic force of described brake scotch little, also can bring into play and in the past the identical braking characteristics of brake scotch.Its result owing to can make described elastic body miniaturization, can reduce the expense of elevator emergency stop device.

Especially, under the situation that the cage that makes by lifting mechanism with the high-speed lifting of 1250m/min promptly stops, the friction coefficient of guide rail diminishes relatively for brake scotch in the past.Thus, the elastic body that is assembled on the emergency braking device must use the spiral fashion elastic body bigger than the elastic force of described U font laminated spring.Its result, emergency braking device not only increases because of described spiral fashion elastic body makes its weight, and the weight that described elastomeric cage steel rope has been installed in supporting and lifting also increases.Consumption electric power when therefore, the elevator with the elastomeric emergency braking device of described spiral fashion makes operation increases.

Relative therewith, the brake scotch of emergency braking device involved in the present invention under the situation that promptly stops the cage that lifting with 1250m/min high-speed relatively the friction coefficient of guide rail become big.Thus, the elastic force of described relatively brake scotch is smaller on emergency braking device, can the assembly weight light elastic body of being made by U font laminated spring.Its result can make the elastic body weight-saving simultaneously, also can make supporting and lifting that the lightweight of described elastomeric cage steel rope has been installed.Therefore, assembled the consumption electric power that the elevator of the present invention with the elastomeric emergency braking device of described U font can significantly reduce when operation.

Below, describe other emergency braking device be assemblied on described Fig. 1,2 the elevator in detail with reference to Figure 16,17.And the parts identical with earlier figures 3 are paid with identical symbol, have omitted the explanation to it.

As shown in figure 16, emergency braking device 71 is at a pair of back plate 15 ₁, 15 ₂And have so that both ends 72 in

baffle plate

16,17 spaces that limited ₁, 72 ₂Mutually close inner face and each guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂Outer lateral side engage and the elastomeric element 73 that inserts.Described elastomeric element 73 as shown in figure 17, having its upper shape is U word shape, described two ends parts 72 ₁, 72 ₂The bottom towards outside enlarging, their both ends 72 ₁, 72 ₂Elastic force become big structure in upper side.A pair of brake scotch 74 with four rib echelon forms of the brake surface that vertically extends ₁, 74 ₂Be configured in to subtend described guiding parts 23 mutually ₁, 23 ₂Between, and their bottom places on the described under shield 17.

Described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂Can have any configuration of brake action material in the brake surface side configuration of mutual subtend, but preferably especially with described (1-1) ^-Brake plate (1-4) is configured to structure or (2-1) as described above of the brake surface side of brake ^-Illustrated structure (2-4).

Below, with reference to Figure 16,17 and Figure 18 explanation be assemblied in the effect of the emergency braking device on described Fig. 1,2 the elevator.

Elevator is when normal operation, and is shown in Figure 16 as the aforementioned, a pair of brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂The subtend face protruding part that is positioned at relative guide rail 4 leave certain interval.Thus, the deceleration of the cage 2 that forms by elevator emergency stop device stops to move inoperative.

On the other hand, when because fault of elevator etc. when steel rope shown in Figure 13 is cut off,, become so-called state when urgent because the cage 2 that described steel cable 3 lifting falls.Along with falling of described cage 2, also descend by the described velocity limiter steel cable 6 of described bar 9,10 bonded assemblys.When this descending speed detected above setting speed and by described velocity limiter 8, this detecting signal was output on the hold assembly 14, makes hold assembly 14 actions, clamps described velocity limiter steel cable 6.When this velocity limiter steel cable 6 is clamped, by be installed in its way in the 1st, the 2nd bar 9,10 that engages of described attachment 5 pull rope mounted thereto 12,13 is stretched.

When pull rope 12,13 is stretched, as shown in figure 18, a pair of brake scotch 74 on a pair of emergency braking device 71 ₁, 74 ₂Overcome the both ends 72 that make U font elastomeric element 73 ₁, 72 ₂Mutually close elastic force, along guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂The dip plane be moving upward.When described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂When being raised, their subtend distance narrows down, and when subtend face (brake surface) touches the protruding part of guide rail 4, by the counteraction as described elastomeric element 73, makes their brake surface clamp the protruding part of described guide rail 4.At this moment, when by elastomeric element towards described guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂When the elastic force of effect is uniform force, tend at described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂On when carrying the transient force towards guide rail 4 act on thereunder partly.Thus, often in fact reduced the described brake scotch 74 that slips towards guide rail 4 ₁, 74 ₂Area.

Thus, shown in Figure 17 as described, have its upper shape and be U word shape, described two ends parts 72 by using ₁, 72 ₂The bottom towards outside enlarging, their both ends 72 ₁, 72 ₂Elastic force become the elastomeric element 73 of macrotectonics in upper side, at described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂On can pass through described each guiding parts 23 when carrying ₁, 23 ₂Will be towards described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂Thrust pressure at an upper portion thereof side become big.Thus, can relax described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂Transient force towards guide rail 4 is concentrated in their bottom, can be with described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂Brake surface whole slip with guide rail.Its result is because can be by described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂The protruding part of the described guide rail 4 of brake surface integral retaining, can be at described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂And the big friction force of effect between the protruding part of described guide rail 4, the described cage 2 that causes to fall and break is decelerated and stops.

Therefore, by having both ends 72 ₁, 72 ₂Elastic force be assembled on the emergency braking device 71 at the elastomeric element 73 that upper side becomes macrotectonics owing to can increase brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂And the slide area between the protruding part of guide rail 4, thereby can improve friction force under situation about realizing with equal sliding properties in the past, can make elastomeric element miniaturization etc.

The emergency braking device that is equipped with such elastomeric element (being that this elastomeric element has side at an upper portion thereof with the big elastic force of pressing described each guiding parts of trying hard to recommend) is not limited to described structure shown in Figure 16, also can on the outer lateral side of guiding parts, dispose a plurality of elastomeric elements, apply big elastic force in upper side, for example, as shown in figure 19, emergency braking device 81 can be made of following manner, promptly, by upper shape is U word shape, has the both ends 75 of free enlarging ₁, 75 ₂The 1st elastomeric element 76 at a pair of back plate 15 ₁, 15 ₂And go up in lower baffle plate 16,17 spaces that limited so that described both ends 75 ₁, 75 ₂Mutually close interior and with the guiding parts 23 of cage 2 ₁, 23 ₂The mode that engages of the lower side of outer lateral side insert, and upper shape is U word shape, have the both ends 77 of free enlarging ₁, 77 ₂, and than big the 2nd elastomeric element 78 of the elastic force of described the 1st elastomeric element 76 with described both ends 77 ₁, 77 ₂Mutually close inner face and guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂The mode that engages of the upper side of outer lateral side insert and constitute.

According to the emergency braking device 81 of this formation, at described each guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂Outside side and lower side dispose the 1st elastomeric element 76, and, at described each guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂The upper side configuration of outer lateral side than the 2nd big elastomeric element 78 of elastic force of the 1st elastomeric element 76, by the pushing of these elastomeric elements 76,78, at described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂By on when carrying, by described each guiding parts 23 ₁, 23 ₂Towards described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂Thrust pressure more by upper side big more.Thus, with the emergency braking device 71 of described Figure 16 similarly, can relax described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂Transient force towards guide rail 4 is concentrated in their bottom, with described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂Brake surface whole slip with guide rail, can be at described brake scotch 74 ₁, 74 ₂And the big friction force of effect between the protruding part of described guide rail 4.

Below, describe most preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.

(embodiment 1 ^-32 and comparative example 1 ^-12)

Carried out the inertia friction test by slipping with composite material and guide rail by brake plate that selected at least a material constitutes in the ceramic mother metal shown in table 1 and the table 2, carborundum mono-crystal fiber (SiCw) and the tabular particle of carborundum (SiCp1).Here, the silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic of using as ceramic mother metal is by Si _6-zAl _zN _8-zZ value in (0＜z≤4.2) be 2, by Si ₄Al ₂O ₂N ₆β-silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen the heat-stable ceramic that constitutes, by with Si ₃N ₄, Al ₂O ₃, AlN mixed-powder make.

Described inertia friction test is undertaken by following operation.Each brake material is processed into thin bar-shaped test piece (TP1), will becomes discoideus test piece (TP2) as the SS400 materials processing of guide material.Experiment is that the front end with test piece TP1 is pressed onto on the circular face of rotating test piece TP2, measures simultaneously and makes the rotary decelerating of TP2, applied pressure, friction force, revolution until stopping, the relation between research friction velocity and the friction coefficient.Experiment condition is to set under the operation condition of the elevator emergency stop device of 800m/min, and surface pressure is loaded with 20MPa and set.Friction velocity 750m/min after the slip beginning is presented at respectively in the following table 1 and table 2 with the friction co-efficient value of middle friction velocity 400m/min.And, the friction co-efficient value of the friction velocity 750m/min after the μ 750 expression slips in table 1 and the table 2 begin, μ 400 expressions are slided and are begun the friction co-efficient value of friction velocity 400m/min afterwards.

Table 1

	The pottery mother metal	????SiCw ???(wt％)	????SiCp1 ???(wt％)	Friction coefficient
				Friction coefficient		????μ750	????μ400
				Embodiment 1	????Si ₃N ₄	????μ750	????μ400	????10.00	????5.00	????0.48	????0.47
Embodiment 2	????Si ₃N ₄	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 1	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.50	????0.50	????10.00	????5.00	????0.48	????0.47
Embodiment 2	????Si ₃N ₄	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 3	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.50	????0.50	????15.00	????10.00	????0.51	????0.50
Embodiment 4	????Si ₃N ₄	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 3	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.53	????0.54	????15.00	????10.00	????0.51	????0.50
Embodiment 4	????Si ₃N ₄	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 5	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.53	????0.54	????15.00	??????-	????0.45	????0.44
Embodiment 6	????Si ₃N ₄	?????-	????15.00	Embodiment 5	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.43	????0.45	????15.00	??????-	????0.45	????0.44
Embodiment 6	????Si ₃N ₄	?????-	????15.00	Embodiment 7	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.43	????0.45	????5.00	????10.00	????0.48	????0.49
Embodiment 8	????Si ₃N ₄	????10.00	????15.00	Embodiment 7	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.47	????0.50	????5.00	????10.00	????0.48	????0.49
Embodiment 8	????Si ₃N ₄	????10.00	????15.00	Embodiment 9	????TiB ₂	????0.47	????0.50	????10.00	????5.00	????0.51	????0.50
Embodiment 10	????TiB ₂	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 9	????TiB ₂	????0.49	????0.52	????10.00	????5.00	????0.51	????0.50
Embodiment 10	????TiB ₂	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 11	????TiB ₂	????0.49	????0.52	????15.00	????10.00	????0.52	????0.52
Embodiment 12	????TiB ₂	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 11	????TiB ₂	????0.50	????0.53	????15.00	????10.00	????0.52	????0.52
Embodiment 12	????TiB ₂	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 13	????TiB ₂	????0.50	????0.53	????15.00	??????-	????0.51	????0.52
Embodiment 14	????TiB ₂	?????-	????15.00	Embodiment 13	????TiB ₂	????0.48	????0.49	????15.00	??????-	????0.51	????0.52
Embodiment 14	????TiB ₂	?????-	????15.00	Embodiment 15	????TiB ₂	????0.48	????0.49	????5.00	????10.00	????0.50	????0.52
Embodiment 16	????TiB ₂	????10.00	????15.00	Embodiment 15	????TiB ₂	????0.55	????0.54	????5.00	????10.00	????0.50	????0.52
Embodiment 16	????TiB ₂	????10.00	????15.00	Embodiment 17	????SiC	????0.55	????0.54	????10.00	????5.00	????0.47	????0.47
Embodiment 18	????SiC	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 17	????SiC	????0.52	????0.51	????10.00	????5.00	????0.47	????0.47
Embodiment 18	????SiC	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 19	????SiC	????0.52	????0.51	????15.00	????10.00	????0.50	????0.49
Embodiment 20	????SiC	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 19	????SiC	????0.52	????0.53	????15.00	????10.00	????0.50	????0.49
Embodiment 20	????SiC	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 21	????SiC	????0.52	????0.53	????15.00	??????-	????0.48	????0.47
Embodiment 22	????SiC	?????-	????15.00	Embodiment 21	????SiC	????0.46	????0.44	????15.00	??????-	????0.48	????0.47
Embodiment 22	????SiC	?????-	????15.00	Embodiment 23	????SiC	????0.46	????0.44	????5.00	????10.00	????0.48	????0.50
Embodiment 24	????SiC	????10.00	????15.00	Embodiment 23	????SiC	????0.45	????0.49	????5.00	????10.00	????0.48	????0.50

Table 2

	The pottery mother metal	????SiCw ???(wt％)	????SiCp1 ???(wt％)	Friction coefficient
				Friction coefficient		???μ750	???μ400
				Embodiment 25	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	???μ750	???μ400	????10.00	????5.00	????0.52	????0.53
Embodiment 26	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 25	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.55	????0.55	????10.00	????5.00	????0.52	????0.53
Embodiment 26	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????10.00	????10.00	Embodiment 27	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.55	????0.55	????15.00	????10.00	????0.54	????0.54
Embodiment 28	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 27	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.55	????0.53	????15.00	????10.00	????0.54	????0.54
Embodiment 28	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????20.00	????20.00	Embodiment 29	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.55	????0.53	????15.00	????-	????0.53	????0.51
Embodiment 30	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????-	????15.00	Embodiment 29	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.53	????0.54	????15.00	????-	????0.53	????0.51
Embodiment 30	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????-	????15.00	Embodiment 31	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.53	????0.54	????5.00	????10.00	????0.55	????0.55
Embodiment 32	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????10.00	????15.00	Embodiment 31	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.55	????0.52	????5.00	????10.00	????0.55	????0.55
Embodiment 32	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????10.00	????15.00	Comparative example 1	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.55	????0.52	????5.00	????5.00	????0.43	????0.31
Comparative example 2	????Si ₃N ₄	????-	????10.00	Comparative example 1	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.40	????0.28	????5.00	????5.00	????0.43	????0.31
Comparative example 2	????Si ₃N ₄	????-	????10.00	Comparative example 3	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.40	????0.28	????5.00	????-	????0.41	????0.30
Comparative example 4	????TiB ₂	????10.00	????5.00	Comparative example 3	????Si ₃N ₄	????0.48	????0.28	????5.00	????-	????0.41	????0.30
Comparative example 4	????TiB ₂	????10.00	????5.00	Comparative example 5	????TiB ₂	????0.48	????0.28	????-	????10.00	????0.45	????0.30
Comparative example 6	????TiB ₂	????5.00	????-	Comparative example 5	????TiB ₂	????0.47	????0.32	????-	????10.00	????0.45	????0.30
Comparative example 6	????TiB ₂	????5.00	????-	Comparative example 7	????SiC	????0.47	????0.32	????10.00	????5.00	????0.44	????0.29
Comparative example 8	????SiC	????-	????10.00	Comparative example 7	????SiC	????0.44	????0.30	????10.00	????5.00	????0.44	????0.29
Comparative example 8	????SiC	????-	????10.00	Comparative example 9	????SiC	????0.44	????0.30	????10.00	????-	????0.45	????0.33
Comparative example 10	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????-	????5.00	Comparative example 9	????SiC	????0.50	????0.37	????10.00	????-	????0.45	????0.33
Comparative example 10	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????-	????5.00	Comparative example 11	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.50	????0.37	????-	????0.00	????0.50	????0.39
Comparative example 12	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????5.00	????-	Comparative example 11	The silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic	????0.48	????0.38	????-	????0.00	????0.50	????0.39

And, at the brake plate composite material of the comparative example 1 of the embodiment 1 of aforementioned table 1, table 2, the variation of research friction coefficient from start to stop.Its result is presented among Figure 20.

By described table 1, table 2 and Figure 20 as can be known, embodiment 1 ^-32 brake plate has all shown great friction coefficient with composite material, and its value do not change yet, and has good frictional behavior.Particularly, even silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic self monomer also has high friction coefficient.

And, will be by embodiment 1 ^-The brake plate that 32 brake plate is made with composite material is configured to the brake surface side of the brake of being made by spheroidal graphite iron and makes a pair of brake scotch, and they are assembled into Fig. 1 ^-On the elevator emergency stop device shown in 4.Urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 800m/min is tested.Its result is because the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail stops cage with interior being decelerated at 30m after falling.

(embodiment 33 ^-57 and comparative example 13 ^-18)

To carry out the inertia friction test with composite material by slipping by the made brake plate of selected at least a material and various continuous fiber in the ceramic mother metal shown in following table 3 and the table 4, carborundum mono-crystal fiber (SiCv) and the tabular particle of carborundum (SiCp1) with guide rail.Also promptly, each brake plate is processed into thin bar-shaped test piece (TP1), will becomes discoideus test piece (TP2) as the SS400 materials processing of guide material.Experiment is that the front end with test piece TP1 is pressed onto on the circular face of rotating test piece TP2, measures simultaneously and makes the rotary decelerating of TP2, applied pressure, friction force, revolution until stopping, the relation between research friction velocity and the friction coefficient.Experiment condition is set at the operation condition of the elevator emergency stop device under 800m/min, and surface pressure is loaded with the 100MPa of embodiment 1 multiple and set.Friction velocity 750m/min after the slip beginning is presented at respectively in the following table 3 and table 4 with friction co-efficient value and the crackle situation occurred of middle friction velocity 400m/min.And, the friction co-efficient value of the friction velocity 750m/min after the μ 750 expression slips in table 3 and the table 4 begin, μ 400 expressions are slided and are begun the friction co-efficient value of friction velocity 400m/min afterwards.

Table 3

	The pottery mother metal	??SiCw ?(wt％)	??SiCp1 ??(wt％)	Fiber: in the bracket is the use level (Vol%) of fiber	Friction coefficient		The crackle situation occurred
					Friction coefficient			???μ750	???μ400
					Embodiment 33	??Si ₃N ₄		???μ750	???μ400	??15.00	??10.00	????????SIC(15)	????0.50	????0.48	Do not have
Embodiment 34	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????SIC(30)	Embodiment 33	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.51	????0.48	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????SIC(15)	????0.50	????0.48	Do not have
Embodiment 34	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????SIC(30)	Embodiment 35	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.51	????0.48	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????SIC(55)	????0.51	????0.47	Do not have
Embodiment 36	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(15)	Embodiment 35	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.53	????0.50	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????SIC(55)	????0.51	????0.47	Do not have
Embodiment 36	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(15)	Embodiment 37	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.53	????0.50	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(30)	????0.49	????0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 38	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(55)	Embodiment 37	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.50	????0.53	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(30)	????0.49	????0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 38	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(55)	Embodiment 39	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.50	????0.53	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????C(15)	????0.52	????0.52	Do not have
Embodiment 40	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????C(30)	Embodiment 39	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.54	????0.50	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????C(15)	????0.52	????0.52	Do not have
Embodiment 40	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????C(30)	Embodiment 41	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.54	????0.50	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????C(55)	????0.47	????0.51	Do not have
Embodiment 42	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????W(15)	Embodiment 41	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.49	????0.47	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????C(55)	????0.47	????0.51	Do not have
Embodiment 42	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????W(15)	Embodiment 43	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.49	????0.47	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????W(30)	????0.51	????0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 44	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????W(55)	Embodiment 43	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.53	????0.50	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????W(30)	????0.51	????0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 44	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????W(55)	Embodiment 45	??Si ₃N ₄???	????0.53	????0.50	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????SiC(15)+Si ₃N ₄(15)	????0.51	????0.50	Do not have
Embodiment 46	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????SiC(15)+C(15)	Embodiment 45	??Si ₃N ₄???	????0.52	????0.55	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????SiC(15)+Si ₃N ₄(15)	????0.51	????0.50	Do not have
Embodiment 46	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????SiC(15)+C(15)	Embodiment 47	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.52	????0.55	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(15)+W(15)	????0.53	????0.54	Do not have
Embodiment 48	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????SiC(10)+Si ₃N ₄(10)+ ????????C(10)	Embodiment 47	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.55	????0.57	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????Si ₃N ₄(15)+W(15)	????0.53	????0.54	Do not have
Embodiment 48	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	??10.00	????????SiC(10)+Si ₃N ₄(10)+ ????????C(10)	Embodiment 49	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.55	????0.57	Do not have	??15.00	??10.00	????????SiC(10)+Si ₃N ₄(10)+ ????????C(10)+W(10)	????0.59	????0.60	Do not have

Table 4

	The pottery mother metal	??SiCw ??(wt％)	???SiCp1 ???(wt％)	Fiber: in the bracket is the use level (Vol%) of fiber	Friction coefficient		The crackle situation occurred
					Friction coefficient			???μ750	??μ400
					Embodiment 50	??TiB ₂		???μ750	??μ400	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(30)	????0.51	???0.54	Do not have
Embodiment 51	??TiB ₂	??15.00	????10.00	????Si ₃N ₄(30)	Embodiment 50	??TiB ₂	????0.52	???0.51	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(30)	????0.51	???0.54	Do not have
Embodiment 51	??TiB ₂	??15.00	????10.00	????Si ₃N ₄(30)	Embodiment 52	??TiB ₂	????0.52	???0.51	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????C(30)	????0.52	???0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 53	??TiB ₂	??15.00	????10.00	????W(30)	Embodiment 52	??TiB ₂	????0.47	???0.50	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????C(30)	????0.52	???0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 53	??TiB ₂	??15.00	????10.00	????W(30)	Embodiment 54	??SiC	????0.47	???0.50	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(30)	????0.50	???0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 55	??SiC	??15.00	????10.00	????Si ₃N ₄(30)	Embodiment 54	??SiC	????0.53	???0.48	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(30)	????0.50	???0.49	Do not have
Embodiment 55	??SiC	??15.00	????10.00	????Si ₃N ₄(30)	Embodiment 56	??SiC	????0.53	???0.48	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????C(30)	????0.55	???0.55	Do not have
Embodiment 57	??SiC	??15.00	????10.00	????W(30)	Embodiment 56	??SiC	????0.51	???0.50	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????C(30)	????0.55	???0.55	Do not have
Embodiment 57	??SiC	??15.00	????10.00	????W(30)	Comparative example 13	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.51	???0.50	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(60)	????0.50	???0.31	Do not have
Comparative example 14	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	????10.00	????Si ₃N ₄(60)	Comparative example 13	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.51	???0.22	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(60)	????0.50	???0.31	Do not have
Comparative example 14	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	????10.00	????Si ₃N ₄(60)	Comparative example 15	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.51	???0.22	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????C(60)	????0.51	???0.18	Do not have
Comparative example 16	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	????10.00	????W(60)	Comparative example 15	??Si ₃N ₄	????0.51	???0.35	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????C(60)	????0.51	???0.18	Do not have
Comparative example 16	??Si ₃N ₄	??15.00	????10.00	????W(60)	Comparative example 17	??TiB ₂	????0.51	???0.35	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(60)	????0.54	???0.33	Do not have
Comparative example 18	??SiC	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(60)	Comparative example 17	??TiB ₂	????0.55	???0.22	Do not have	??15.00	????10.00	????SiC(60)	????0.54	???0.33	Do not have

By described table 3, table 4 as can be known, the brake plate of embodiment 33-57 has all shown great friction coefficient with composite material, and its value do not change yet, and has good frictional behavior.Simultaneously, has the excellent mechanical intensity that crackle does not take place.

And, to be configured to the brake surface side of the brake of making by spheroidal graphite iron by the brake plate that the brake plate of embodiment 33-57 is made with composite material and make a pair of brake scotch, they are assembled on the elevator emergency stop device shown in Fig. 1-4, and the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 800m/min is tested.Its result is because the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail makes cage fall the back and stops with interior being decelerated at 30m.

(embodiment 58)

Carborundum long fibre (the trade name that TEXTRON society makes that will have the heat-resisting goods that surpass 1700 ℃ and have great friction coefficient; SCS-6) in the mode of final relatively plate object Surface Vertical, be coupled to the Y that contains as 5 weight % of sintering aid with the amount of 30 weight % ₂O ₃And the Al of 2 weight % ₂O ₃Alpha-silicon nitride powders in, in nitrogen atmosphere, at 1700 ℃, 300kg/cm ²Condition under, by carrying out 1 hour hot pressing, be made into the brake plate of constructing shown in Fig. 5 A, the 5B as described above.

The brake plate of resulting embodiment 58 and guide rail slipped carried out the inertia friction test.Also promptly, make the mode of described carborundum long fibre vertical arrangement be processed into thin bar-shaped test piece (TP1) with relative front end face each brake plate, and, discoideus test piece (TP2) will be become as the SS400 materials processing of guide material.Experiment is that the front end with test piece TP1 is pressed onto on the circular face of rotating test piece TP2, measure simultaneously and make the rotary decelerating of TP2, applied pressure, friction force, revolution until stopping, research from the friction beginning up to the variation of the friction coefficient that stops and the relative abrasion amount after the thin bar-shaped test piece test.Its result is shown in Figure 21,22.And experiment condition is set at the operation condition of the elevator emergency stop device under 800m/min.In Figure 21,22, shown respectively use the steel processing that constitutes by FC250 thin bar-shaped test piece as a comparative example 19, same during from the friction beginning up to the variation of the friction coefficient that stops and the relative abrasion amount after the thin bar-shaped test piece test.

As shown in Figure 21, the brake plate of embodiment 58 is compared with the brake material of comparative example 25, has shown great friction coefficient after the friction, and has begun to stopping also very stable from experiment.And, as shown in Figure 22, the brake plate of embodiment 58 on relative abrasion amount also the brake material than comparative example 19 demonstrate good characteristic.

And, the brake plate of embodiment 58 is configured to the brake surface side of the brake of being made by spheroidal graphite iron and makes a pair of brake scotch, they are assembled into Fig. 1 ^-On the elevator emergency stop device shown in 4, the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel cable that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 800m/min is tested.Its result is because the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail stops cage with interior being decelerated at 30m after falling.

(embodiment 59)

To have diameter and be about line (Japanese カ-ボ Application system) that hundreds of of the carborundum long fibres of 10 μ m tie in the mode of final relatively plate object Surface Vertical, be coupled to the Y that contains as 5 weight % of sintering aid with the amount of 30 weight % ₂O ₃MgAl with 5 weight % ₂O ₄The silicon nitride powder in, in nitrogen atmosphere, at 1600 ℃, 300kg/cm ²Condition under, by carrying out 1 hour hot pressing, be made into the brake plate of constructing shown in Fig. 6 A, the 6B as described above.

By being slipped, the brake plate of resulting embodiment 59 and guide rail carried out the inertia friction test.Also promptly, with the relative front end of brake plate and, be processed into thin bar-shaped test piece (TP1) in the mode of the vertical assortment of described line.To become discoideus test piece (TP2) as the SS400 materials processing of guide material.Experiment is that the front end with test piece TP1 is pressed onto on the circular face of rotating test piece TP2, measure simultaneously and make the rotary decelerating of TP2, applied pressure, friction force, revolution until stopping, research from the friction beginning up to the variation of the friction coefficient that stops and the relative abrasion amount after the thin bar-shaped test piece test.Its result has confirmed to demonstrate and embodiment 58 same, high friction velocities and low relative abrasion amount.

And, the brake plate of embodiment 59 is configured to the brake surface side of the brake of being made by spheroidal graphite iron and makes a pair of brake scotch, they are assembled into Fig. 1 ^-On the elevator emergency stop device shown in 4, the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 800m/min is tested.Its result is because the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail stops cage with interior being decelerated at 30m after falling.

(embodiment 60 ^-74)

Figure 23 A has shown the front elevation of test parts used among the embodiment afterwards, Figure 23 B is the cross sectional drawing along the B-B line of Figure 23 A, Figure 24 A is the front elevation that is presented at other used among later embodiment test parts, Figure 24 B is the cross sectional drawing along the B-B line of Figure 24 A, Figure 25 A is the front elevation that is presented at other test parts used among the later embodiment, and Figure 25 B is the cross sectional drawing along the B-B line of Figure 25 A.

At first, at the silicon nitride (Si of 90 parts of weight ₃N ₄) powder and as the Y of 5 parts of weight of sintering auxiliary material ₂O ₃MgAl with 5 parts of weight ₂O ₄In, adding mean grain size is TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B of 50 μ m ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle, addition are respectively 15wt%, 10wt%, 10wt%, 10wt%, and 15wt%, and these compounds in nitrogen atmosphere, are carried out hot pressing respectively with the pressure of 30MPa, produce 5 kinds of sintered bodies.Then, by these sintered bodies are carried out machine up, the diameter that is made into the sliding surface side is that the diameter at the bottom of 15mm, the bottom side is that 17mm, thickness are the brake plate of the circular cone shape of 4.5mm.Shown in Figure 23 A, 23B, brake plate 91 is inserted in the through hole 93 of circular cone shape of retainer 92 of the square column of making by corrosion-resistant steel, the bottom surface of described brake plate 91 is configured to them on the supporting mass 94 by the square column of stainless steel in the mode that engages with described supporting mass 94, by making described brake plate 91 to fix from the mode of the outstanding 500 μ m in surface of described retainer 92 from the screw 95 and described supporting mass 94 screw joint in 4 corners of described retainer 92 in its sliding surface (brake surface) side.Such test parts has been carried out the inertia friction test by following operation.

Described inertia friction test is that the SS400 material as guide rail is used as discoideus corresponding component, with this brake plate relative with the circular face of described corresponding component to mode 2 described test parts are configured to the both sides of this corresponding component, with rotating corresponding component with described each test parts clamping, simultaneously, mensuration makes the rotary decelerating of described corresponding component, applied pressure, friction force, revolution until stopping, and studies the friction coefficient of described slide.Experiment condition is set at the operation condition of the elevator emergency stop device of 1250m/min.This operation repeats 3 times, observes the state with the 3rd described test parts (particularly brake plate) the 1st time.Its result is shown in following table 5.

And, shown in Figure 24 A, 24B, in the through hole 93 of described brake plate 91 by means of the circular cone shape of the retainer 92 that is inserted into the square column of making by corrosion-resistant steel by silicon carbide fibre circular cone shape body 96 (damper element) that intersection constitutes.They are configured on the supporting mass 94 of the square column of being made by corrosion-resistant steel, and this configuration is to engage with described supporting mass 94 and carry out by means of intersected the bottom surface of made plate (damper element) with described brake plate 91 by silicon carbide fibre.Be screwed on the described supporting member 94 by passing described plate 97 from the screw 95 in 4 corners of described retainer 92, described brake plate 91 is fixed from the mode of the described retainer outstanding 500 μ m in 92 surfaces with its sliding surface (brake surface) side.Use this test parts to carry out and aforementioned same inertia friction test, observe the friction coefficient of described slide and the state of the 1st and the 3rd described test parts (particularly brake plate).Its result is documented in the following table 5 in the lump.

And, shown in Figure 25 A, 25B, constitute, have on the sliding surface dark 0.2mm, the brake plate 91 of spacing as the reticulation groove of 1.0mm except using by described sintered body, also be equiped with test parts with the same structure of aforesaid Figure 24 A, 24B.Use this test parts to carry out and the test of aforementioned same inertia friction, observe the state of the friction coefficient of described slide and the 1st time and the 2nd described test parts (particularly brake plate).Its result is documented in the following table 5 in the lump.

(comparative example 20)

At first, will be by the silicon nitride (Si of 90 parts of weight ₃N ₄) powder and Y as 5 parts of weight of sintering auxiliary material ₂O ₃And the MgAl of 5 parts of weight ₂O ₄The compound that is constituted is in nitrogen atmosphere, make sintered body by hot pressing respectively under the pressure of 30MPa.Then, produce brake plate with the circular cone shape of described embodiment 60 same sizes by this sintered body of machine up.Be assembled into same test parts of constructing with this brake plate with described Figure 24 A, 24B.Carry out and the test of aforementioned same inertia friction with this test parts, observe the state of the friction coefficient of described brake plate and the 1st time and the 3rd described test parts (particularly brake plate).Its structure is recorded in the following table 5 in the lump.And the state that crackle has only taken place on the surface of brake plate takes place to mean for a short time in the crackle of table 5, and the state that crackle has taken place to depth direction integral body from the surface takes place to mean greatly crackle.

Table 5

	The formation of test parts				Friction coefficient (μ)	The state of brake plate
	The formation of test parts					The state of brake plate		The composition of brake plate		Having or not of damper element	Having or not of reticulation groove	The 1st time	The 3rd time
	Compound particle	The amount of compound particle						The composition of brake plate
	Compound particle	The amount of compound particle	Comparative example 20	?????-		??????-	Do not have	Do not have	????0.28					No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 60	????TiC	????15wt％	Comparative example 20	?????-	Do not have	??????-	Do not have	Do not have	????0.28	Do not have	????0.33	No crackle	Crackle takes place big	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 60			Embodiment 61	Have	Do not have	Do not have	????0.33	No crackle	No crackle	Do not have	????0.33	No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 62			Embodiment 61	Have	Have	Do not have	????0.33	No crackle	No crackle	Have	????0.42	No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 62			Embodiment 63	????TiN	Have	????10wt％	Do not have	Do not have	????0.32	Have	????0.42	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 64	Have	Do not have	Embodiment 63		????032		Do not have	Do not have	????0.32	No crackle	No crackle			No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 64	Have	Do not have	Embodiment 65		????032		Have	Have	????0.41	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 66	????WC	????10wt％	Embodiment 65		Do not have		Have	Have	????0.41	Do not have	????0.32	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 66			Embodiment 67	Have	Do not have	Do not have	????0.33	No crackle	No crackle	Do not have	????0.32			No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 68			Embodiment 67	Have	Have	Do not have	????0.33	No crackle	No crackle	Have	????0.41	No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 68			Embodiment 69	????B4C	Have	????10wt％	Do not have	Do not have	????0.34	Have	????0.41	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 70	Have	Do not have	Embodiment 69		????0.34		Do not have	Do not have	????0.34	No crackle	No crackle			No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 70	Have	Do not have	Embodiment 71		????0.34		Have	Have	????0.45	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 72	????TiB ₂	????15wt％	Embodiment 71		Do not have		Have	Have	????0.45	Do not have	????0.39	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 72			Embodiment 73	Have	Do not have	Do not have	????0.39	No crackle	No crackle	Do not have	????0.39			No crackle	Crackle takes place big
Embodiment 74			Embodiment 73	Have	Have	Do not have	????0.39	No crackle	No crackle	Have	????0.49	No crackle	No crackle

As can be known, embodiment 60 from described table 5 ^-The brake plate of test parts has than the high friction coefficient of identical brake plate in the comparative example 20 in 74.And, at embodiment 60 ^-In the brake plate of 74 test parts, compare with embodiment cited in the table 1-table 4, why friction coefficient descends, and is because become the harsh state of 1250m/mim as the falling speed of experiment condition.

And embodiment 60 ^-74 and comparative example 20 in the brake plate of test parts seminess does not all take place in the test of the 1st inertia friction.

Particularly, the brake plate that is used as

embodiment

61,62,64,65,67,68,70,71,73,74 test parts of padded coaming all can not be concluded the generation crackle in the 3rd inertia friction test, as seen have high brake action.And the brake plate that forms as can be known, the reticulation groove in

embodiment

62,65,68,71,74 on sliding surface has higher friction coefficient.

And, will contain 15wt%, 10wt%, 10wt%, 10wt%, and TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B of 15wt% respectively ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle by Si ₃N ₄The brake plate that sintered body is made is made into described Fig. 9 A, the described brake scotch of 9B respectively, these brake scotch are assembled into as described above on the elevator emergency stop device shown in Fig. 1,2,8, and the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 1250m/min is tested.Its result no matter in which elevator emergency stop device, by the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail, can both make cage stop with interior being decelerated at 30m falling the back.

(embodiment 75-84)

At first, will be by the silicon nitride (Si of 90 parts of weight ₃N ₄) powder and as the Y of 5 parts of weight of sintering auxiliary material ₂O ₃MgAl with 5 parts of weight ₂O ₄The material powder that is constituted, with the mean grain size of in this material powder, quantitatively adding respectively be TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B of 50 μ m ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle is modulated into mixed-powder.Then, with hot press will early stage each mixed-powder be filled into the top layer, with described material powder with after being formulated into the in-to-in mode and filling, in nitrogen atmosphere, under the pressure of 30MPa, make 5 kinds of sintered bodies by hot pressing respectively.Then, these sintered bodies are carried out machine up, the diameter that is made into the sliding surface side be the diameter at the bottom of 15mm, the bottom side be 17mm, thickness be the circular cone shape of 4.5mm and from described sliding surface to 0.5mm (integral thickness about 11%) disperses TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B of 10～15 weight % respectively ₄C particle and TiB ₂5 kinds of brake plates of particle.Secondly, be assembled into the test parts shown in Figure 23 A, the 23B as described with this brake plate.Carry out the inertia friction test same with this test parts, observe the state of the friction coefficient of described brake plate and the 1st time and the 3rd described test parts (particularly brake plate) with embodiment 60.Its structure is recorded in the following table 6 in the lump.

And (integral thickness about 11%) disperses TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B of 10～15 weight % respectively to the diameter of the diameter that uses the sliding surface side at the bottom of as 15mm, bottom side as the circular cone shape of 4.5mm and from described sliding surface to 0.5mm as 17mm, thickness ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle, to have dark 0.2mm, spacing on sliding surface be that 5 kinds of brake plates of the reticulation groove of 1.5mm are assembled into the test parts shown in Figure 25 A, the 25B as described.Carry out and the test of aforementioned same inertia friction with this test parts, observe the state of the friction coefficient of described brake plate and the 1st time and the 3rd described test parts (particularly brake plate).Its structure is recorded in the following table 6 in the lump.

And the state that crackle has only taken place on the surface of brake plate takes place to mean for a short time in the crackle of table 6, and the state that crackle has taken place to depth direction integral body from the surface takes place to mean greatly crackle.

Table 6

Embodiment 75	The formation of test parts				Friction coefficient (μ)	The state of brake plate
	The formation of test parts					The state of brake plate		The composition of brake plate		Having or not of damper element	Having or not of reticulation groove	The 1st time	The 3rd time
	Compound particle	The amount of the compound particle of top layer side						The composition of brake plate
	Compound particle	The amount of the compound particle of top layer side	????TiC	????15Wt％		Do not have	Do not have	??0.34	No crackle					Crackle takes place little
	Embodiment 76	Have			Have	Do not have	Do not have	??0.34	No crackle	??0.48	No crackle	No crackle		Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 77	Embodiment 76	Have			Have	????TiN	????10wt％	Do not have	Do not have	??0.48	No crackle	No crackle	??0.32	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 77	Embodiment 78	Have	Have	??0.47	No crackle			Do not have	Do not have	No crackle			??0.32	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 79	Embodiment 78	Have	Have	??0.47	No crackle			????WC	????10wt％	No crackle	Do not have	Do not have	??0.32	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 79	Embodiment 70	Have	Have	??0.45	No crackle	No crackle					Do not have	Do not have	??0.32	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 81	Embodiment 70	Have	Have	??0.45	No crackle	No crackle	????B4C			????15wt％	Do not have	Do not have	??0.35	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 81	Embodiment 82	Have	Have	??0.54	No crackle	No crackle					Do not have	Do not have	??0.35	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 83	Embodiment 82	Have	Have	??0.54	No crackle	No crackle		????TiB2	????15wt％		Do not have	Do not have	??0.40	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 83	Embodiment 84	Have	Have	??0.58	No crackle	No crackle					Do not have	Do not have	??0.40	No crackle	Crackle takes place little

As known from Table 6, the compound particle (ceramic particle) of the brake plate of test parts is identical among the embodiment 75,77,79,81,83, with they are distributed on the whole described embodiment 60,63,66,69,72, brake plate have same high friction coefficient.And, in the brake plate that does not use padded coaming, with embodiment 60,63,66,69,72, brake plate crackle in the test of the 3rd inertia friction relative along depth direction to overall development, the brake plate of test parts can be only in the 3rd inertia friction test be ended under the situation of crackle takes place on the surface among the embodiment 75,77,79,81,83.Like this, in embodiment 75,77,79,81,83, in the brake plate of test parts, only disperse the such compound particle of TiC particle, by the Si that described compound particle is disperseed on the top layer that must give great friction coefficient ₃N ₄The brake plate that constitutes partly is in order to improve Dent resistance.

And, in table 6, for using padded coaming and having test parts among the embodiment 76,78,80,82,84 of the brake plate that on sliding surface, forms the reticulation groove, in the 3rd inertia friction test, also all can not be concluded the generation crackle, and on body, give high friction coefficient at brake plate, have high brake action as can be known.

In addition, use sintered body as brake plate mother metal, TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, B with 10～15 weight % ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle is distributed to respectively from described sliding surface to the degree of depth to be the brake plate the 0.5mm and will to be made into the brake scotch shown in described Fig. 9 A, 9B～Figure 12 A, 12B respectively at the brake plate that sliding surface forms described reticulation groove under the disperse state of this ceramic particle, these brake scotch are assembled into as described above on the elevator emergency stop device shown in Fig. 1,2,8, and the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 1250m/min is tested.Its result no matter in which elevator emergency stop device, by the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail, can both make cage stop with interior being decelerated at 30m falling the back.

(embodiment 85-94)

At first, will be by the silicon nitride (Si of 90 parts of weight ₃N ₄) powder and as the Y of 5 parts of weight of sintering auxiliary material ₂O ₃MgAl with 5 parts of weight ₂O ₄The material powder that is constituted, with the mean grain size of in this material powder, quantitatively adding respectively be TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B of 50 μ m ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle is modulated into mixed-powder.Then, with hot press with aforementioned each mixed-powder be filled into the top layer, with described material powder with after being formulated into the in-to-in mode and filling, in nitrogen atmosphere, under the pressure of 30MPa, make 5 kinds of sintered bodies by hot pressing respectively.Then, by these sintered bodies are carried out machine up, the diameter that is made into the sliding surface side is that the diameter of 15mm, bottom side is that 17mm, thickness are the circular cone shape of 4.5mm and are TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B that disperses 10～15 weight % 0.225mm (integral thickness about 5%) and the 1.26mm (integral thickness 28%) respectively from described sliding surface to the degree of depth ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle and be used in have 0.2mm on the sliding surface, 10 kinds of ceramic moving plates of reticulation groove that spacing is 1.5mm are assembled into the test parts shown in Figure 23 A, the 23B as described.Carry out and the test of aforementioned same inertia friction with this test parts, observe the state of the friction coefficient of described brake plate and the 1st time and the 3rd described test parts (particularly brake plate).Its structure is recorded in the following table 7 in the lump.And, in following table 7, also put down in writing the result of described embodiment 76,78,80,82,84 in the lump.

And the state that crackle has only taken place on the surface of brake plate takes place to mean for a short time in the crackle of table 7.

Table 7

	The formation of test parts				Friction coefficient (μ)	The state of brake plate
	The formation of test parts					The state of brake plate		The composition of brake plate		Having or not of damper element	Lattice having or not of shape groove	The 1st time	The 3rd time
	Compound particle	The thickness on top layer						The composition of brake plate
	Compound particle	The thickness on top layer	Embodiment 85	????Tic		????5％	Have	Have	????0.48					No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 76	About 11%	Have	Embodiment 85		Have	????5％	Have	Have	????0.48	????0.48	No crackle	No crackle		No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 76	About 11%	Have	Embodiment 86		Have	????28％	Have	Have	????0.45	????0.48	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 87	????TiN	????5％	Embodiment 86		Have	????28％	Have	Have	????0.45	Have	????0.47	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place little	No crackle
Embodiment 87		????5％	Embodiment 78	About 11%	Have	Have	Have	????0.47	No crackle	Have	????0.47	No crackle	No crackle		No crackle
Embodiment 88		????28％	Embodiment 78	About 11%	Have	Have	Have	????0.47	No crackle	Have	????0.43	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 88		????28％	Embodiment 89	????Wc	Have	????5％	Have	Have	????0.47	Have	????0.43	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place little	No crackle
Embodiment 80	About 11%	Have	Embodiment 89		Have	????5％	Have	Have	????0.47	????0.45	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle		No crackle
Embodiment 80	About 11%	Have	Embodiment 90		Have	????28％	Have	Have	????0.42	????0.45	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place little
Embodiment 9l	????B4C	????5％	Embodiment 90		Have	????28％	Have	Have	????0.42	Have	????0.54	No crackle	No crackle	Crackle takes place little	No crackle
Embodiment 9l		????5％	Embodiment 82	About 11%	Have	Have	Have	????0.54	No crackle	Have	????0.54	No crackle	No crackle		No crackle
Embodiment 92		????28％	Embodiment 82	About 11%	Have	Have	Have	????0.54	No crackle	Have	????0.53	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 92		????28％	Embodiment 93	????TiB2	Have	????5％	Have	Have	????0.59	Have	????0.53	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle
Embodiment 84	About 11%	Have	Embodiment 93		Have	????5％	Have	Have	????0.59	????0.58	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle		No crackle
Embodiment 84	About 11%	Have	Embodiment 94		Have	????28％	Have	Have	????0.57	????0.58	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle	No crackle

*: the thickness on top layer (%) is the ratio of expression top layer and all thickness of brake plate.

As known from Table 7, for having the brake plate that uses padded coaming and on sliding surface, form the reticulation groove, only be distributed in the test parts of the

embodiment

86,88,90,92,94 on the top layer of 28% thickness at the compound particle that the TiC particle is such, can be only in the 3rd inertia friction test under the situation of crackle takes place on the surface, be ended with integral thickness.

And, for having the brake plate that uses padded coaming and on sliding surface, form the reticulation groove, by TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, B ₄C particle and TiB ₂The such compound particle of particle only is distributed to have integral thickness and is about 11% and have a test parts among the

embodiment

76,85,78,87,80,89,82,91,84,93 of 5% skin depth, in the 3rd inertia friction test, all can not be concluded the generation crackle, and on body, give high friction coefficient at brake plate, have high brake action as can be known.

In addition, use sintered body as the brake plate mother metal, will have from described sliding surface to the degree of depth TiC particle, TiN particle, WC particle, the B that disperse 10～15 weight % as 0.225mm (integral thickness about 5%) respectively ₄C particle and TiB ₂Particle and be made into the brake scotch shown in described Fig. 9 A, 9B～Figure 12 A, 12B respectively with the brake plate that described reticulation groove forms sliding surface, these brake scotch are assembled into as described above on the elevator emergency stop device shown in Fig. 1,2,8, and the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 1250m/min is tested.Its result no matter in which elevator emergency stop device, by the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail, can both make cage stop with interior being decelerated at 30m falling the back.

(embodiment 95)

The Y that will contain 5 parts of weight ₂O ₃And the MgAl of 5 parts of weight ₂O ₄Alpha-silicon nitride powders, in nitrogen atmosphere, at 1700 ℃, 300kg/cm ²Condition under carry out hot pressing in 1 hour and after forming plate object, carry out NC processing by jut in regularly arranged mode with pyramid, be made into the brake plate of constructing shown in Figure 13 A, the 13B as described above.

(embodiment 96)

The Y that will contain 5 parts of weight ₂O ₃And the MgAl of 5 parts of weight ₂O ₄Alpha-silicon nitride powders, in nitrogen atmosphere, at 1700 ℃, 300kg/cm ²Condition under carry out hot pressing in 1 hour and after forming plate object, carry out NC processing by the regularly arranged mode of jut with the semicircle cone that is parallel to each other, be made into the brake plate of constructing shown in Figure 14 A, the 14B as described above.

By being slipped, the brake plate of resulting

embodiment

95,96 and guide rail carried out the inertia friction test.Also promptly, each brake plate is processed into thin bar-shaped test piece (TP1) with described protruding part in the mode of front end face.And, will become discoideus test piece (TP2) as the SS400 materials processing of guide material.Experiment is that the front end with test piece TP1 is pressed onto on the circular face of rotating test piece TP2, measure simultaneously and make the rotary decelerating of TP2, applied pressure, friction force, revolution until stopping, research from the friction beginning up to the variation of the friction coefficient that stops and the relative abrasion amount after the thin bar-shaped test piece test.Its result is shown in Figure 26,27.And, in Figure 26,27, also shown the result of aforementioned comparative example 25 in the lump.

As can be known from Fig. 26, the brake plate of

embodiment

95,96 and the brake material of comparative example 25 have relatively shown high friction coefficient after friction, and begin when stopping more stable from experiment as can be known.And as can be known from Fig. 27, on relative abrasion amount, the brake plate of

embodiment

95,96 is compared with the brake material of comparative example 25, has shown good characteristic.

In addition, the brake plate that will have

embodiment

95,96 is made a pair of brake scotch shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B～Figure 12 A, 12B as described above respectively, and these brake scotch are assembled on the elevator emergency stop device shown in Fig. 1,2,8, the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 1250m/min is tested.Its result no matter in which elevator emergency stop device, by the friction between a pair of brake scotch and the guide rail, can both make cage stop with interior being decelerated at 30m falling the back.

(embodiment 97～100)

The brake plate that will have composite material with

previous embodiment

3,11,19,27 to make is configured to the brake surface side of the drg body of being made by spheroidal graphite iron and makes a pair of brake scotch respectively, and they are assembled in the elevator on the elevator emergency stop device shown in Figure 16 71, the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 1250m/min is tested.Its result no matter by a pair of brake scotch of which elevator and the friction between the guide rail, can both make cage stop with interior being decelerated at 30m after falling.Carried out this promptly stop after, from described emergency braking device, take out brake scotch, observe the state of brake plate.Its result, its outstanding a plurality of brake plate integral body of whichever brake scotch all have the vestige that contacts with the protruding part of guide rail.

(embodiment 101～105)

To have

previous embodiment

62,65,68,71,74 brake plates and be made into a pair of brake scotch shown in Fig. 9 A, the 9B as described above respectively, and they are assembled in the elevator on the elevator emergency stop device shown in Figure 19 81, the urgent stop conditions when cage behind the steel rope that has cut off elevator is fallen with the speed of 1250m/min is tested.Its result no matter by a pair of brake scotch of which elevator and the friction between the guide rail, can both make cage stop with interior being decelerated at 30m after falling.Carried out this promptly stop after, from described emergency braking device, take out brake scotch, observe the state of brake plate.Its result, its outstanding a plurality of brake plate integral body of whichever brake scotch all have the vestige that contacts with the protruding part of guide rail.

As described above, according to the present invention, can provide have the resistance to effect of heat that surpasses 1000 ℃ under the high speed heavily stressed, have simultaneously stable high friction coefficient and relatively guide rail have the elevator emergency stop device brake scotch of good sintering resistance.

And, according to the present invention, though can provide have the resistance to effect of heat, the while that surpass 1000 ℃ under the high speed heavily stressed, also have stable high friction coefficient and good Dent resistance and have stable braking characteristics the elevator emergency stop device brake scotch.

Have again,, can provide to have when the breakage by described lifting mechanism falls described cage, the phenomenons such as sintering with guide rail can not take place, the elevator emergency stop device that can make described cage slow down and stop really according to the present invention.

In addition, according to the present invention, can provide to have when the breakage by described lifting mechanism falls described cage, can not take place and the phenomenons such as sintering of guide rail, the elevator emergency stop device that has stable braking characteristics, can make described cage slow down and stop really.

In addition,, can provide to have when the breakage by described lifting mechanism falls described cage, can not take place and the phenomenons such as sintering of guide rail, the elevator with emergency stop function that can make described cage slow down and stop really according to the present invention.

Claims

1. elevator emergency stop device brake scotch, has the arrangement brake body and at the brake plate of the brake surface side of described body, this brake plate is by in the selected ceramic mother metal in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum, contains the above selected at least a ceramic masses from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum of 10 weight % and constitutes.

2. according to the described brake scotch of claim 1, on described brake plate, also contain the selected at least a continuous fiber from carborundum, silicon nitride, carbon and tungsten of 10～55 volume %.

3. elevator emergency stop device has:

4. elevator with emergency stop function has:

Cage;

Can move along dip plane easy on and off between described guiding parts of described guiding parts, and with described guide rail is that the mutual subtend in center is provided with, a pair of brake scotch with the brake surface that vertically extends, this brake scotch has (a) brake, reach the brake plate that (b) is configured in the brake surface side of described body, this brake plate is by from silicon nitride, titanium boride, in the selected ceramic mother metal, contain the above selected at least a ceramic masses from carborundum mono-crystal fiber and the tabular particle of carborundum of 10 weight % and constitute in silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and the carborundum; And

5. elevator emergency stop device brake scotch, the brake plate that has brake and be configured in the brake surface side of described body, the composite material in the selected ceramic mother metal constitutes this brake plate in silicon nitride, titanium boride, silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic and carborundum by a plurality of ceramic-fibres are disperseed to bury underground in the vertical mode of described relatively brake surface;

6. according to the described brake scotch of claim 5, described ceramic-fibre is made of many ceramic-fibre bundles.

7. elevator emergency stop device has:

8. elevator with emergency stop function has:

Cage;

9. an elevator emergency stop device brake scotch has

Brake; And

The protrusion of burying underground in mode outstanding from its face in the brake surface side of described body forms a plurality of brake plates of cylindric or rib shape, and this brake plate is to be 10 with particle diameter ^-The selected at least a ceramic particle from carbide metal, nitride and boride of 150 μ m is distributed to the formation of the composite material in the selected ceramic mother metal from silicon nitride, carborundum and silicon aluminum oxygen nitrogen heat-stable ceramic.

10. according to the described brake scotch of claim 9, described brake plate with described ceramic particle be distributed to from the surface to the integral thickness 30% with in the interior top layer.

11. according to the described brake scotch of claim 9, described brake plate forms spacing on its outstanding surface be that 0.5～5mm, the degree of depth are the reticulation groove of 0.1～0.5mm.

12. according to the described brake scotch of claim 9, described brake plate forms a plurality of juts on its protuberate.

13., between described body and a plurality of described brake plate, also dispose tabular padded coaming at least according to the described brake scotch of claim 9.

14., between described body and a plurality of described brake plate, also enclosed liquid according to the described brake scotch of claim 9.

15., be embedded with the metal holding member that is used to keep a plurality of described brake plates in the brake surface side of body according to the described brake scotch of claim 9.

16. according to the described brake scotch of claim 15, described metal holding member has a plurality of through holes that are truncated cone or rib fallen into the polygonal pyramid platform shape of fillet, and, described brake plate forms the polygonal pyramid platform shape of truncated cone shape or rib shape, and described each brake plate is inserted into the brake surface side that described holding member on the described through hole is embedded in described body from its rear side respectively.

17. an elevator emergency stop device has:

18. the elevator with emergency stop function has:

Cage;

19. an elevator emergency stop device has:

Described elastomeric element has side at an upper portion thereof with the big elastic force of pressing described each guiding parts of trying hard to recommend.

20. the elevator with emergency stop function has:

Cage;