CN117620132A - Aluminum alloy die-casting system - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy die-casting system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117620132A
CN117620132A CN202311764997.3A CN202311764997A CN117620132A CN 117620132 A CN117620132 A CN 117620132A CN 202311764997 A CN202311764997 A CN 202311764997A CN 117620132 A CN117620132 A CN 117620132A
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China
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temperature
die
water
ball valve
aluminum alloy
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CN202311764997.3A
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Inventor
李明
唐羽
罗得金
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Hunan Hesheng Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Hesheng Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311764997.3A priority Critical patent/CN117620132A/en
Publication of CN117620132A publication Critical patent/CN117620132A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2218—Cooling or heating equipment for dies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of die casting dies, in particular to an aluminum alloy die casting system, which aims at the problem that the quality of castings is low due to the fact that the temperature of the existing die casting die is not stable enough, and now proposes the scheme that the aluminum alloy die casting system comprises a temperature control system, a movable die, a fixed die and a plurality of cores for forming the internal structure of a valve body, wherein a cooling water channel is formed in each core, a temperature sensor and a water-passing device are arranged in each core, a water inlet of the water-passing device is connected with a cooling water inlet opening ball valve, a water pump and a water reservoir, and a water outlet of the water-passing device is connected with a cooling water outlet opening ball valve, the temperature sensor and the water reservoir; the temperature control system comprises a PLC core, a temperature detection module and a mold cooling module, and the temperature control system is used for adaptively and stably controlling the temperature of the casting mold, ensuring that the local temperatures are close in the control process and avoiding casting deformation caused by overlarge phase difference; and prevents the quality degradation of castings caused by too high cooling speed.

Description

Aluminum alloy die-casting system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of die casting dies, in particular to an aluminum alloy die casting system.
Background
Die casting is an important metal casting process, and is generally characterized in that a die casting machine is used for injecting alloy melt of aluminum, zinc, magnesium, tin and the like into a die, then the die casting machine is used for pressurizing and forming the alloy melt in a molten state and forcibly cooling the alloy melt, and a large number of castings with high dimensional accuracy and good compactness of internal structures are produced in a short time, so that machining allowance is reduced, and the internal quality of the castings is ensured. In the die casting production process, as high-temperature metal is injected into a die cavity, the temperature of the die can be increased, and the quality of castings is seriously affected by overhigh temperature of the die, so that stable control of the temperature of the die casting die is important for improving the die casting process.
At present, the cooling of a die casting die is mainly divided into internal cooling and external cooling, wherein the internal cooling is a main cooling mode of circulating cooling water in the die, the water transportation control mode of the internal cooling is mainly controlled by manually opening a ball valve, the through type long-term continuous water transportation is realized, the opening of the ball valve is dependent on human experience and cannot be accurately controlled, the production quality of die casting is affected, and after the temperature in the die is reduced, the die is easily deformed due to overlarge temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the die, so that the service life is lower; the external cooling mode adopts an oil temperature machine, and the temperature of the outlet is kept constant in the use process by setting the temperature of the liquid at the outlet of the oil temperature machine, so that the temperature field of the die is kept relatively stable, but the cooling efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aluminum alloy die-casting system, which aims to stably control the temperature of a die-casting die and ensure the quality of castings.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
the aluminum alloy die-casting system comprises a temperature control system, a movable die, a fixed die and a plurality of cores for forming the internal structure of a valve body, wherein a cooling water channel is formed in each core, a temperature sensor and a water passing device are installed in each core, a water inlet of each water passing device is connected with a cooling water inlet opening ball valve, a water pump and a water storage tank, and a water outlet of each water passing device is connected with a cooling water outlet opening ball valve, a temperature sensor and the water storage tank; the temperature control system comprises a PLC core, a temperature detection module and a die cooling module, wherein the temperature detection module is a plurality of temperature sensors used for detecting the temperature of the die casting die, and the die cooling module comprises a cooling water inlet opening ball valve, a cooling water outlet opening ball valve and a water pump.
As a further improvement to the above-described solution,
preferably, the PLC outputs a digital quantity signal through PID program operation, and controls the flow of the cooling water through a flow proportional valve; PID automatic tuning can flexibly control the valve port size of the flow proportion ball valve, and then control the flow of cooling water.
Preferably, one end of the water passing device is a water inlet end, the other end of the water passing device is a water outlet end, conical blocking blocks are arranged at the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water passing device, a plurality of coaxial inner pipes are arranged inside the water passing device, the conical blocking blocks are provided with steps, the number of the steps is matched with the number of the inner pipes, an air supply head is arranged on the water passing device and is communicated with an air supply pipe, the conical blocking blocks are arranged on the air supply pipe in a sliding mode, a hanging buckle structure capable of preventing the conical blocking blocks from falling off is arranged between the conical blocking blocks and the air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is coaxial with the water passing device.
Preferably, the cooling water inlet and outlet and the opening ball valve of the cooling water inlet and outlet are used for controlling the circulation of cooling water in the casting mold, and the opening of the ball valve of the inlet is defined as K o The opening degree of the outlet ball valve is K e (0≤K o ≤1,0≤K e ≤1,)。
Preferably, the die-casting die temperature sensing module comprises a plurality of temperature sensors which are uniformly distributed in the die to ensure uniform temperature control in the die in the control process, the number of the temperature sensors is n, and the local temperature of the die detected by each position is [ T ] 1 ，T 2 ，T 3 ，…T n }。
Preferably, the main control module is used for controlling the temperature of the die and comprises a PID system, and the input of the PID system is set as { e } 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) } having the expression e n (t)＝T n -T; let T be the final cooling temperature set value of the mould and control quantity u o ，u e Corresponding to the opening degree of the ball valve at the inlet and outlet, namely K o 、K e The PID control law becomesWherein is K pn Is a proportionality coefficient, K in As integral coefficient, K dn As differential coefficient, PID control amount is { u } 1 (t)，u 2 (t)，…，u t-1 (t)}。
Preferably, the PID control amount corresponds to the opening of the cooling water inlet and outlet ball valve in a linear fitting manner:
preferably, the input parameter of the PID controller is still { e }, as described above 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) } which controls the parameter K p ，K i ，K d Performing online adjustment by a BP neural network; BP neural network, input as { e } 1 (t),e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t)}，std{e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t)}，mean{e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) }, std represents standard deviation, mean represents mean.
Preferably, the BP neural network has n+2 input, 6 output, and hidden layer number ofThe BP neural network objective function is +.>The temperature of each part is kept basically consistent in the casting mold temperature control process, the temperature is controlled to gradually approach the set temperature T, and the output parameters are proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient of PID control.
Preferably, the BP neural network is additionally provided with a calculation module for the temperature change rate of the pattern of the casting mold, namelyInputting into BP neural network, the BP neural network structure is changed into 2n+2 input, 6 output, hidden layer number is +.>The BP neural network objective function is +.>At the same time, a threshold value M is set>And the opening of the ball valve of the cooling water inlet and outlet is quickly adjusted.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
In summary, the application provides an aluminum alloy die-casting system, based on the cooling method of circulating cooling water, sub-adaptive control is carried out on the opening of a ball valve, and the temperature of a casting die can be controlled in a self-adaptive and stable manner according to different casting requirements. Meanwhile, the approach of each local temperature in the control process is ensured, and casting deformation caused by overlarge phase difference is avoided; in addition, a temperature change rate monitoring module is added, so that casting quality degradation caused by too high cooling speed is prevented, and other changes of temperature caused by contact area change due to contact flow change do not need to be considered.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of one of the casting mold temperature adaptive control systems of an aluminum alloy die casting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a second casting mold temperature adaptive control system for an aluminum alloy die casting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a water pipe and a conical block of an aluminum alloy die-casting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a gas supply head; 2. an air supply pipe; 3. a conical block; 4. a hanging buckle structure; 5. an inner tube.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled" and "mounted" should be interpreted broadly, and for example, "coupled" may or may not be detachably coupled; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. In addition, "communication" may be direct communication or may be indirect communication through an intermediary. Wherein, "fixed" means that the relative positional relationship is not changed after being connected to each other. References to orientation terms, such as "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc., in the embodiments of the present invention are merely to refer to the orientation of the drawings and, therefore, the use of orientation terms is intended to better and more clearly illustrate and understand the embodiments of the present invention, rather than to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
In the embodiment of the present invention, "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In this application, the character "/" generally indicates that the associated object is an or relationship.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and the like in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.
Examples
The application provides a die casting die temperature self-adaptive control system based on BP-PID, which can realize stable control of die casting die temperature and guarantee casting quality.
The aluminum alloy die-casting system comprises a temperature control system, a movable die, a fixed die and a plurality of cores for forming the internal structure of a valve body, wherein a cooling water channel is formed in each core, a temperature sensor and a water passing device are installed in each core, a water inlet of each water passing device is connected with a cooling water inlet opening ball valve, a water pump and a water storage tank, and a water outlet of each water passing device is connected with a cooling water outlet opening ball valve, a temperature sensor and the water storage tank; the temperature control system comprises a PLC core, a temperature detection module and a mold cooling module, wherein the temperature detection module is a plurality of temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the die casting mold, the mold cooling module comprises a cooling water inlet opening ball valve, a cooling water outlet opening ball valve and a water pump, the PLC outputs a digital quantity signal through PID program operation, and the flow of cooling water is controlled through a flow proportional valve; PID autotune can control the size of flow proportion ball valve port in a flexible way, and then control cooling water flow, water pipe one end is the water inlet end, the other end is the water outlet end, water pipe is at water inlet end and water outlet end all install toper shutoff piece 3, the inside inner tube 5 that is equipped with a plurality of coaxial lines of water pipe, toper shutoff piece 3 is equipped with the step, step number and inner tube 5 number adaptation, install air feed head 1 on the water pipe, air feed head 1 communicates with air supply pipe 2, toper shutoff piece 3 slides and locates on air supply pipe 2, be equipped with the hanging knot structure 4 that avoids droing between toper shutoff piece 3 and the air supply pipe 2, air supply pipe 2 is coaxial with the water pipe, through control toper shutoff piece and cooling water inlet aperture ball valve, cooling water outlet aperture ball valve, toper shutoff for when cooling water inlet aperture ball valve, cooling water outlet aperture ball valve aperture are little, toper is with some inner tube 5 shutoff, have liquid flow in the pipe layer of outside when having, guarantee that the cooling liquid and the contact area of mould does not take place the bulge from inside to outside the step, and outside the step is equipped with gradually from inside to outside the step is lengthened to the big step 5 in proper order.
The cooling water inlet and outlet and the opening ball valve of the cooling water inlet and outlet are used for controlling the circulation of cooling water in the casting mold, and the opening of the ball valve of the inlet is defined as K o The opening degree of the outlet ball valve is K e (0≤K o ≤1,0≤K e ≤1,)。
The die-casting die temperature sensing module comprises a plurality of temperature sensors which are uniformly distributed in the die, and aims to ensure that the temperature in the die is uniformly controlled in the control process, the number of the temperature sensors is n, and the local temperature of the die detected at each position is { T } 1 ，T 2 ，T 3 ，…T n }。
The main control module is used for controlling the temperature of the die. Establishing a set of PID mould temperature control system, setting T as a final cooling temperature set value of the mould, and controlling the quantity u o ，u e Corresponding to the opening degree of the ball valve at the inlet and outlet, namely K o 、K e . PID system input is set to { e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) } having the expression e n (t)＝T n -T, the PID control law becomesWherein is K pn Is a proportionality coefficient, K in As integral coefficient, K dn The PID control quantity is { u }, which is a differential coefficient 1 (t)，u 2 (t)，…，u n-1 (t) }. Finally throughThis linear fitting method corresponds the control amount to the opening of the cooling water inlet/outlet ball valve.
The primary control of the final cooling temperature of the die can be realized by the PID method, but on one hand, the uniformity of the temperatures of all parts of the die in the control process is not considered, the problems of casting die deformation and the like caused by the too high temperature change speed are not considered, on the other hand, the number of PID controllers is large, the parameters are difficult to select, and the fixed PID parameters cannot be suitable for a complex temperature control process.
Therefore, the self-adaption of PID parameters is realized by combining the BP neural network with the PID.
The controller consists of two parts: conventional PID controllers and BP neural networks.
The input parameters of the conventional PID controller are still { e }, as described above 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) } which controls the parameter K p ，K i ，K d Performing online adjustment by a BP neural network; BP neural network, input as { e } 1 (t),e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t)}，std{e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t)}，mean{e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) }, std represents standard deviation, mean represents mean. And then normalizing the inputs and inputting the normalized inputs to the BP neural network, wherein the output of the BP neural network is used as a parameter of PID control, and finally, the self-adaptive on-line control of the PID parameter by the BP neural network is realized.
The detailed system structure is shown in fig. 1.
Wherein the BP neural network in FIG. 1 is n+2 input, 6 output, and the number of hidden layers isIs a neural network structure of (a). The BP neural network objective function is +.>The temperature of each part is kept basically consistent in the casting mold temperature control process, the temperature is controlled to gradually approach the set temperature T, and the output parameters are proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient of PID control.
Further, in order to solve the problem of casting mold deformation caused by too fast temperature change, the BP-PID self-adaptive temperature control system is further improved, and the improved system structure is shown in fig. 2. The calculation module for the temperature change rate of the pattern of the casting mould is newly added, namelyThe method comprises the steps of carrying out normalization calculation on other input items, inputting the input items into a BP neural network, changing the structure of the BP neural network into 2n+2 input, 6 output and enabling the number of hidden layers to be +.>The objective function during training is unchanged. At the same time, a threshold M is set, when the local temperature change rate is too fastAnd the opening of the ball valve at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water is quickly adjusted, so that the quality of castings is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the cooling speed is too high.
In summary, the application provides an aluminum alloy die-casting system, based on the cooling method of circulating cooling water, sub-adaptive control is carried out on the opening of a ball valve, and the temperature of a casting die can be controlled in a self-adaptive and stable manner according to different casting requirements. Meanwhile, the approach of each local temperature in the control process is ensured, and casting deformation caused by overlarge phase difference is avoided; in addition, a temperature change rate monitoring module is added, so that casting quality degradation caused by too high cooling speed is prevented, and other changes of temperature caused by contact area change due to contact flow change do not need to be considered.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention; embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The aluminum alloy die-casting system is characterized by comprising a temperature control system, a movable die, a fixed die and a plurality of cores for forming the internal structure of a valve body, wherein a cooling water channel is formed in each core, a temperature sensor and a water passing device are arranged in each core, a water inlet of each water passing device is connected with a cooling water inlet opening ball valve, a water pump and a water storage tank, and a water outlet of each water passing device is connected with a cooling water outlet opening ball valve, a temperature sensor and a water storage tank; the temperature control system comprises a PLC core, a temperature detection module and a die cooling module, wherein the temperature detection module is a plurality of temperature sensors used for detecting the temperature of the die casting die, and the die cooling module comprises a cooling water inlet opening ball valve, a cooling water outlet opening ball valve and a water pump.
2. The aluminum alloy die casting system according to claim 1, wherein the PLC outputs a digital quantity signal through PID program operation, and controls the flow of the cooling water through a flow proportional valve; PID automatic tuning can flexibly control the valve port size of the flow proportion ball valve, and then control the flow of cooling water.
3. The aluminum alloy die-casting system according to claim 2, wherein one end of the water passing device is a water inlet end, the other end of the water passing device is a water outlet end, conical blocking blocks (3) are arranged at the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water passing device, a plurality of coaxial inner pipes (5) are arranged in the water passing device, the conical blocking blocks (3) are provided with steps, the number of the steps is matched with the number of the inner pipes (5), an air supply head (1) is arranged on the water passing device, the air supply head (1) is communicated with the air supply pipe (2), the conical blocking blocks (3) are arranged on the air supply pipe (2) in a sliding mode, a hanging buckle structure (4) for preventing falling is arranged between the conical blocking blocks (3) and the air supply pipe (2), and the air supply pipe (2) and the water passing device are coaxial.
4. An aluminum alloy die casting system as recited in claim 3, wherein said cooling water inlet and outlet and opening ball valve is used for controlling cooling water circulation in the casting mold, and an inlet ball valve opening is defined as K o The opening degree of the outlet ball valve is K e (0≤K o ≤1,0≤K e ≤1,)。
5. An aluminum alloy die casting system as recited in claim 4, whereinThe die-casting die temperature sensing module comprises a plurality of temperature sensors which are uniformly distributed in the die to ensure uniform temperature control in the die in the control process, the number of the temperature sensors is n, and the local temperature of the die detected at each position is { T } 1 ，T 2 ，T 3 ，…T n }。
6. The aluminum alloy die casting system of claim 5, wherein the master control module is used for die temperature control and comprises a PID system, and the PID system input is set to { e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) } having the expression e n (t)＝T n -T; let T be the final cooling temperature set value of the mould and control quantity u o ，u e Corresponding to the opening degree of the ball valve at the inlet and outlet, namely K o 、K e The PID control law becomesWherein is K pn Is a proportionality coefficient, K in As integral coefficient, K dn The PID control quantity is { u }, which is a differential coefficient 1 (t)，u 2 (t) ， …，u n-l (t)}。
7. The aluminum alloy die casting system as recited in claim 6 wherein the PID control quantity corresponds to a cooling water inlet and outlet ball valve opening by means of a linear fit:
8. the aluminum alloy die casting system as recited in claim 7, wherein the PID controller still has the input parameter { e } 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，L，e n-1 (t) } which controls the parameter K p ，K i ，K d Performing online adjustment by a BP neural network; BP neural network, input as { e } 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t)}，std{e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t)}，mean{e 1 (t)，e 2 (t)，…，e n-1 (t) }, std represents standard deviation, mean represents mean.
9. The aluminum alloy die casting system of claim 8, wherein the BP neural network is n+2 in, 6 out, hidden layers are in numberThe BP neural network objective function isThe temperature of each part is kept basically consistent in the casting mold temperature control process, the temperature is controlled to gradually approach the set temperature T, and the output parameters are proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient of PID control.
10. The aluminum alloy die casting system as recited in claim 9, wherein the BP neural network adds a calculation module for the temperature change rate of the casting mold pattern, namelyInputting into BP neural network, the BP neural network structure is changed into 2n+2 input, 6 output, hidden layer number is +.>The BP neural network objective function isAt the same time, a threshold value M is set>And the opening of the ball valve of the cooling water inlet and outlet is quickly adjusted.
CN202311764997.3A 2023-12-20 2023-12-20 Aluminum alloy die-casting system Pending CN117620132A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311764997.3A CN117620132A (en) 2023-12-20 2023-12-20 Aluminum alloy die-casting system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311764997.3A CN117620132A (en) 2023-12-20 2023-12-20 Aluminum alloy die-casting system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117620132A true CN117620132A (en) 2024-03-01

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CN202311764997.3A Pending CN117620132A (en) 2023-12-20 2023-12-20 Aluminum alloy die-casting system

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