CN117620066A - Forging method of high-temperature alloy annular piece with large V-shaped section - Google Patents

Forging method of high-temperature alloy annular piece with large V-shaped section Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117620066A
CN117620066A CN202311579028.0A CN202311579028A CN117620066A CN 117620066 A CN117620066 A CN 117620066A CN 202311579028 A CN202311579028 A CN 202311579028A CN 117620066 A CN117620066 A CN 117620066A
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China
Prior art keywords
heating
temperature
forging
reaming
blank
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CN202311579028.0A
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Inventor
刘翠侠
王伟
张延珍
蔡松
邓卫
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Shaanxi Hongyuan Aviation Forging Co Ltd
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Shaanxi Hongyuan Aviation Forging Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202311579028.0A priority Critical patent/CN117620066A/en
Publication of CN117620066A publication Critical patent/CN117620066A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/14—Making machine elements fittings
    • B21K1/16—Making machine elements fittings parts of pipe or hose couplings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/70—Furnaces for ingots, i.e. soaking pits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging hot processing, in particular to a forging method of a high-temperature alloy annular part with a large V-shaped section. Comprising the following steps: upsetting cake punching, hole expanding, horse reaming, machining, pre-reaming by a ring rolling machine, pre-forming and final reaming by the ring rolling machine.

Description

Forging method of high-temperature alloy annular piece with large V-shaped section
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging hot processing, in particular to a forging method of a high-temperature alloy annular part with a large V-shaped section.
Background
The high-temperature alloy benefits from the excellent comprehensive use performances of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, excellent strength, plasticity, oxidation resistance and the like, is one of important materials required by aviation, aerospace and other industries, is a preferred material of a plurality of annular forgings, the annular forgings are important components of hot end parts of aeroengines, the annular forgings generally comprise straight-wall annular forgings and special-shaped annular forgings, the cross section shapes of the special-shaped annular forgings are different, and the V-shaped cross section annular part is one of the important special-shaped annular parts. Because the superalloy generally has the characteristics of high alloying degree, large deformation resistance, narrow molding processing window and the like, the annular forging is difficult to mold. In general, the middle-size and small-size annular parts are formed by adopting a rapid forging machine cake upsetting, punching and ring rolling mill reaming mode. For a large-sized high-temperature alloy annular part, due to the fact that the weight is large, the deformation resistance is obviously increased, and a upsetting and punching process of the large-sized high-temperature alloy annular part is difficult to realize by a common quick forging machine. If the large forging piece punches small holes, the roller strength of a subsequent ring rolling machine core is insufficient, the subsequent reaming process is difficult to finish, so that large oil press equipment is needed to punch large holes with diameter larger than or equal to 250mm for preparing ring blanks, and then a ring rolling machine is used for reaming and forming, but because the large oil press equipment cannot carry out rounding and shaping operations, the ring blanks are large in bulging, the rolling force requirements on the ring rolling machine equipment are very high, the forming is difficult, the defect that the edges and corners of the forged piece are lack of meat after the reaming and forming cannot be eliminated, the local size of a final forged piece is out of tolerance, the requirement on equipment capacity is very high in the processes of blank making and reaming production of the large high-temperature alloy V-shaped section ring pieces, and bottleneck problems are encountered once, so that the large high-temperature alloy ring pieces need to prepare larger inner hole ring blanks for reaming of the ring rolling machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a forging method of a large V-shaped section annular part, aiming at the bottleneck problems of annular part blank making and reaming procedures in the forming process of the large V-shaped section annular part of high-temperature alloy.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a method of forging a large V-section superalloy ring comprising: upsetting cake punching, hole expanding, horse reaming, machining, pre-reaming by a ring rolling machine, pre-forming and final reaming by the ring rolling machine.
Further, upsetting cake punches a hole, specifically includes:
heating the blank to blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to heating standard requirements of corresponding materials, and preserving heat to upsetting cakes, wherein upsetting cakes are subjected to heating standard: heating cold materials, charging the blanks at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace feeding temperature T1 ℃, preheating to T2 ℃, and calculating the heat preservation time according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm and the minimum thickness H of the maximum section of the blanks; heating at high temperature to T3 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging and forging after the heat preservation time is reached, carrying out upsetting to determine the deformation of the corresponding upsetting according to the material characteristics, and controlling the upsetting time: 40s plus or minus 20s, and the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging;
directly heating the upsetted cake blank, returning the upsetted cake blank to a furnace, sending the cake blank to an electric furnace at the temperature of T4 ℃ prepared in advance for heating and preserving heat, wherein the temperature of T4 ℃ is the temperature required to be heated in the punching process of the cake blank, the preserving heat time is calculated according to the heating coefficient k3min/mm of the hot material returned to the furnace and the minimum thickness H of the maximum section, after the required preserving heat time is reached, discharging from the furnace for punching, determining the punching deformation of the corresponding upsetting cake according to the material characteristics, and controlling the upsetting cake and punching time: 120 s.+ -.30 s.
Further, after punching, the method further comprises:
and (3) processing the inner hole of the punched ring blank, chamfering the inner hole to R20-R25, wherein the unilateral processing amount of the inner hole is less than or equal to 5mm, and removing the surface defect of the inner hole.
Further, the hole expanding process specifically comprises the following steps:
heating the ring blank after the punching machine is added to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, and expanding holes: expansion hole heating standard: cold material heating, charging a blank at a temperature less than or equal to the charging temperature T1, preheating to a temperature of T2 ℃, calculating according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to a temperature of T5 ℃ at a high temperature, calculating according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging and forging after the heat preservation time is reached, expanding holes, determining corresponding upsetting cake punching deformation according to material characteristics, and controlling hole expanding time: and (5) 60s plus or minus 20s, wherein the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging.
Further, the horse frame reaming specifically includes:
directly heating the ring blank after hole expansion, returning the ring blank to an electric furnace at the temperature of T6 ℃ prepared in advance for heating and heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is calculated according to the heating coefficient k3min/mm of the heating material returned to the furnace and the minimum thickness H of the maximum section of the blank, and discharging the ring blank from the furnace for horse-frame reaming after the required heat preservation time is reached; or alternatively
And (3) carrying out a horse frame reaming procedure on the ring blank after hole expansion, and carrying out a horse frame reaming heating standard: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace charging temperature T1, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating at a high temperature to T6 ℃ and calculating the heat preservation time according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging from the furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and reaming a horse frame;
wherein, confirm corresponding horse frame reaming deflection according to material characteristic, control horse frame reaming time: 180s plus or minus 20s, and the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging.
Further, the machining process after reaming the horse frame specifically comprises the following steps:
and machining the inner circle and the outer circle to 50% of visible light to remove high points, so that the quality of the ring blank is ensured, and the stability of the subsequent pre-reaming process is ensured.
Further, pre-reaming specifically includes:
and (3) heating the ring blank subjected to the reaming and machining of the horse frame to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, and performing a pre-reaming process: pre-reaming heating specifications: cold material heating, charging the blank at the temperature T1 which is less than or equal to the charging temperature, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to the low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to T7 ℃ at high temperature, calculating the heat preservation time according to the high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging from the furnace after the heat preservation time is reached, forging, pre-reaming, determining the corresponding pre-reaming deformation according to the material characteristics, and controlling the pre-reaming time: and 60s plus or minus 20s, wherein the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging piece and the forging capacity of the equipment.
Further, the preforming specifically includes:
heating the pre-reamed ring blank to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a pre-reaming process, and preforming the heating standard: cold material heating, charging a blank at a temperature less than or equal to the charging temperature T1, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to T8 ℃ at a high temperature, discharging and forging after the heat preservation time is calculated according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, performing preforming by using an auxiliary tool, wherein the auxiliary tool comprises a punch and a die, the auxiliary tool enables the preformed forging shape profile to be similar to the final forging profile, and the specific forging fire and deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging and the forging capacity of equipment.
Further, the final reaming of the ring rolling mill specifically comprises:
heating the preformed ring blank to blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, and performing a final reaming process: final reaming and heating specifications: cold material heating, charging the blank at the temperature T1 which is less than or equal to the charging temperature, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to the low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to T9 ℃ at high temperature, calculating the heat preservation time according to the high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging from the furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, carrying out final reaming, determining the corresponding final reaming deformation according to the material characteristics, and controlling the final reaming time: and 60s plus or minus 20s, wherein the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging piece and the forging capacity of the equipment.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention relates to a forging method of a large V-shaped section high-temperature alloy ring piece, which is characterized in that by strictly controlling forging parameters of each working procedure, particularly, the most important design is as follows: the mechanical properties of the high-temperature alloy annular forging produced by the invention can meet the special service performance requirements, the mass production efficiency of the forging is improved, the material utilization rate and the production efficiency are improved, and the realization of the industrial emission reduction and low-carbon manufacturing targets in the current country is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a forging of the front section of an outer casing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a preform.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a main process for producing a high-temperature alloy ring piece with a large V-shaped section, which comprises the following steps: upsetting cakes, punching, expanding holes, reaming a horse frame, pre-reaming by a ring rolling machine, machining, pre-forming and final reaming by the ring rolling machine. And each link controls the deformation parameters, so that the forging trial-manufacture task is finally completed, and the structure and the performance of the final forging meet the requirements of relevant standards. Solves the problems of serious meat deficiency of edges and corners of large-sized high-temperature alloy V-shaped section annular parts, insufficient strength of ring rolling machine core rollers, insufficient tonnage of ring rolling machine equipment and the like, and provides a selection way for preparing the large-sized high-temperature alloy V-shaped section annular forgings.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) introducing a hole expansion procedure after upsetting cakes for punching, designing a special hole expansion punch, and expanding an inner hole through the special hole expansion punch to solve the problems that a horse bar is too thin, the strength is insufficient, the bending is easy, and even the breaking is caused in the subsequent horse frame reaming; (2) after hole expansion, a horse frame reaming process is introduced, so that the problems that a core roller is too thin in the follow-up pre-reaming process, the strength is insufficient, and the edges and corners of a ring blank of a formed part are seriously lack of meat are solved; (3) the horse frame reaming process introduces a machining sequence, and the machining process is used for machining the inner circle and the outer circle to 50% of visible light to remove high points, so that the quality of the ring blank is ensured, and the stability of the subsequent pre-reaming process is ensured; (4) after pre-reaming, a pre-forming process is introduced, so that the forming problem of the subsequent final reaming process is guaranteed, a special tool is required to be designed in the pre-forming process, the problems of insufficient tonnage of ring rolling mill equipment and the like are solved by pre-forming in an oil press, the forging parameters of each process are strictly controlled, the forging trial-manufacturing task is completed, and the final forging structure and performance meet the requirements of relevant standards.
The forging method of the large V-shaped section high-temperature alloy annular piece comprises the following specific steps of:
step 1: preheating the tooling, the punch and the clamp to enable the temperature to reach 200-300 ℃.
Step 2: heating the blank to blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirements of corresponding materials, preserving heat, upsetting cakes, and heating the upsetting cakes according to the heating standard requirements of the corresponding materials: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature T1 less than or equal to the charging temperature, preheating (T2 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k1min/mm (low temperature heating coefficient) x H (minimum thickness of the maximum section of the blank), high temperature heating (T3 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k2min/mm (high temperature heating coefficient) x H, discharging and forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and upsetting and punching. According to the material characteristics, the deformation of the corresponding upsetting cakes is designed, and the upsetting cake time is controlled: and the specific forging firing number and the deformation are set according to the actual size of the forging piece within 40s plus or minus 20s.
Step 3: and (3) returning the cake blank obtained in the step (2) to a furnace by directly heating, returning the cake blank to an electric furnace with a temperature of T4 ℃ which is prepared in advance (the temperature of the cake blank needs to be heated), heating and preserving heat, wherein the preserving heat time is calculated according to k3min/mm (heating coefficient of the hot material returning) x H, and discharging from the furnace for punching after the preserving heat time is up to the required preserving heat time. And designing corresponding upsetting cake punching deformation according to the material characteristics. Controlling upsetting and punching time: 120 s.+ -.30 s.
Step 4: and (3) processing an inner hole of the ring blank obtained in the step (3) and chamfering to R20-R25, wherein the unilateral processing amount of the inner hole is less than or equal to 5mm, and removing the surface defect of the inner hole.
Step 5: heating the ring blank obtained in the step 4 to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, and preserving heat, and expanding Kong Gongxu and expanding hole heating standard: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature T1 which is less than or equal to the charging temperature, preheating (T2 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k1min/mm (low temperature heating coefficient) x H, high temperature heating (T5 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k2min/mm (high temperature heating coefficient) x H, discharging from the furnace after reaching the heat preservation time, forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and expanding holes. According to the material characteristics, the corresponding upsetting cake punching deformation is designed, and the hole expansion time is controlled: 60 s.+ -. 20s. The specific forging firing number and the deformation are set according to the actual size of the forging.
Step 6: and 5, directly heating the ring blank obtained in the step, returning the ring blank to an electric furnace with the temperature of T6 ℃ prepared in advance for heating and preserving heat, calculating the heat preserving time k3min/mm (heating coefficient of the heating material returned to the furnace) multiplied by H (effective thickness of the blank), and discharging the ring blank from the furnace for horse-frame reaming after the heat preserving time is up to the required heat preserving time. Can also cold charge heating carries out horse frame reaming process, and horse frame reaming heating is standard: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace charging temperature T1, preheating (T2 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k1min/mm (low temperature heating coefficient) x H, high temperature heating (T6 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k2min/mm (high temperature heating coefficient) x H, discharging from the furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and carrying out horse frame reaming. Designing corresponding horse frame reaming deformation according to material characteristics, and controlling the horse frame reaming time: 180 s.+ -. 20s. The specific forging firing number and the deformation are set according to the actual size of the forging.
Step 7: and (3) machining the ring blank obtained in the step (6), processing the inner circle and the outer circle of the ring blank, and removing the high point to 50% of the visible light.
Step 8: and (3) heating the ring blank obtained in the step (7) to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a pre-reaming process, and performing pre-reaming heating standard: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace charging temperature T1, preheating (T2 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k1min/mm (low temperature heating coefficient) x H, high temperature heating (T7 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k2min/mm (high temperature heating coefficient) x H, discharging from the furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and pre-reaming. Designing corresponding pre-reaming deformation according to material characteristics, and controlling pre-reaming time: 60 s.+ -. 20s. The specific forging firing number and deformation are set according to the actual size of the forging piece and the forging capacity of the equipment.
Step 9: and (3) heating the ring blank obtained in the step (8) to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a pre-reaming process, and preforming the heating standard: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace charging temperature T1, preheating (T2 ℃) heat preservation time according to k1min/mm (low temperature heating coefficient) x H, high temperature heating (T8 ℃) heat preservation time according to k2min/mm (high temperature heating coefficient) x H, discharging from the furnace, forging, and preforming. The preforming is designed by an auxiliary tool according to the shape of the final forging, so that the shape profile of the preformed forging is similar to the shape profile of the final forging, namely, the ring blank material is pre-distributed to ensure the final reaming forming. The specific forging firing number and deformation are set according to the actual size of the forging piece and the forging capacity of the equipment.
Step 10: and 9, heating the ring blank obtained in the step to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a final reaming process, and finally reaming the ring blank according to the heating standard requirement: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace charging temperature T1, preheating (T2 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k1min/mm (low temperature heating coefficient) x H, high temperature heating (T9 ℃) heat preservation time is calculated according to k2min/mm (high temperature heating coefficient) x H, discharging from the furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and final reaming is carried out. Designing corresponding pre-reaming deformation according to material characteristics, and controlling pre-reaming time: 60 s.+ -. 20s. The specific forging firing number and deformation are set according to the actual size of the forging piece and the forging capacity of the equipment.
Step 11: and (3) selecting a matched heat treatment system according to the heat treatment specification, and performing heat treatment on the ring piece obtained in the step (9).
Step 12: and carrying out physicochemical detection on the forging, wherein the structure and mechanical properties of the final forging all reach standard requirements, and the use requirements of subsequent forgings are met.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The GH4169 outer casing front section provided by the company is a special-shaped annular forging, the specific size of the GH4169 outer casing front section is shown in fig. 1, and the specific process steps for forming the annular forging are as follows:
step 1: preheating the tooling, the punch and the clamp to enable the temperature to reach 200-300 ℃.
Step 2: blanks with the specification of phi 300 multiplied by 890 are put into an electric furnace, and the heating specification is that: forging at 850 ℃ for 300min and 1010 ℃ for 225min, and forging after the heat preservation time is reached, wherein the dimensions after upsetting the cakes are as follows: phi 465 x 370 + -5 (deformation: 58%), forging time: 40 s.+ -. 20s.
Step 3: returning the cake blank obtained in the step 2 to a furnace for punching, and heating to standardize: 1010 ℃ multiplied by 190min, and after reaching the heat preservation time, discharging and forging, and after punching, the dimension: phi 505 x phi 200 plus or minus 5 x 350 plus or minus 3, forging time: 120 s.+ -.30 s.
Step 4: and (3) processing an inner hole of the ring blank obtained in the step (3) and chamfering to R20-R25, wherein the unilateral processing amount of the inner hole is less than or equal to 5mm, and removing the surface defect of the inner hole. Size after processing the hole: phi 505 x phi 210 + -5 x 350 + -3.
Step 5: and (3) heating the ring blank obtained in the step (4) to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a hole expanding process, and performing the heating standard: 850 ℃ multiplied by 120min+1010 ℃ multiplied by 90min, and after the heat preservation time is reached, discharging and forging, expanding the size after hole: phi 540 x phi 270 + -5 x 337 + -3 (deformation: 8.5%), forging time: 60 s.+ -. 20s.
Step 6: and (5) returning the ring blank obtained in the step (5) to a furnace by direct hot material, and returning the ring blank to an electric furnace at 1010 ℃ prepared in advance for heating and preserving heat, wherein the heating is standardized: 1010 ℃ for 70min, and discharging and forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and reaming the horse frame to obtain the following dimensions: phi 565 x phi 320 + -5 x 337 + -3 (deformation amount: 9.3%), forging time: 180 s.+ -. 30s.
Step 7: and (3) machining the ring blank obtained in the step (6), processing the inner circle and the outer circle of the ring blank, and removing the high point to 70% of visible light.
Step 8: and (3) heating the ring blank obtained in the step (7) to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a pre-reaming process, performing 2 fires in total, and performing pre-reaming to obtain a first fire heating standard: 850 ℃ for 100min+1010 ℃ for 75min, discharging from a furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and pre-reaming the first fire size: phi 602 phi 380+/-5X 337+/-3 (deformation: 9.4%), forging time: 60 s.+ -. 20s.
Step 9: and (3) returning the ring blank obtained in the step (8) to a furnace by directly heating the material, pre-reaming the ring blank by using a second fire, and heating the ring blank by using the second fire for pre-reaming: 1010 ℃ multiplied by 60min, discharging and forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and pre-reaming the second fire size: phi 670 x phi 480 + -5 x 337 + -3 (deformation: 14.4%), forging time: 60 s.+ -. 20s.
Step 10: and 9, heating the ring blank obtained in the step to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a preforming process, and preforming the heating standard: and (3) carrying out furnace discharging forging after the heat preservation time is reached at 850 ℃ for 75min and 1000 ℃ for 60min, and carrying out preforming. The preform schematic is shown in fig. 2, forging time: 40 s.+ -. 20s.
Step 11: and (3) carrying out a final reaming process on the ring blank obtained in the step (10) by means of a special reaming tool, and carrying out final reaming heating standard: and (3) discharging and forging at 850 ℃ multiplied by 75min and 1010 ℃ multiplied by 60min after the heat preservation time is reached, wherein the final reaming size is the size of a forging piece diagram (shown in figure 1), and the forging time is as follows: 60 s.+ -. 20s.
Step 12: and (3) selecting a matched heat treatment system according to the heat treatment specification, and performing heat treatment on the ring piece obtained in the step (9).
Step 13: and carrying out physicochemical detection on the forging, wherein the structure and mechanical properties of the final forging all reach standard requirements, and the use requirements of subsequent forgings are met.
The final forging has qualified structure and combination durability, and other mechanical properties are obviously improved, and all indexes reach standard requirements to meet subsequent use requirements.

Claims (9)

1. A forging method of a high-temperature alloy annular part with a large V-shaped section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprising the following steps: upsetting cake punching, hole expanding, horse reaming, machining, pre-reaming by a ring rolling machine, pre-forming and final reaming by the ring rolling machine.
2. The forging method of a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 1, wherein: upsetting cake punches a hole, specifically includes:
heating the blank to blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to heating standard requirements of corresponding materials, and preserving heat to upsetting cakes, wherein upsetting cakes are subjected to heating standard: heating cold materials, charging the blanks at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace feeding temperature T1 ℃, preheating to T2 ℃, and calculating the heat preservation time according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm and the minimum thickness H of the maximum section of the blanks; heating at high temperature to T3 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging and forging after the heat preservation time is reached, carrying out upsetting to determine the deformation of the corresponding upsetting according to the material characteristics, and controlling the upsetting time: 40s plus or minus 20s, and the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging;
directly heating the upsetted cake blank, returning the upsetted cake blank to a furnace, sending the cake blank to an electric furnace at the temperature of T4 ℃ prepared in advance for heating and preserving heat, wherein the temperature of T4 ℃ is the temperature required to be heated in the punching process of the cake blank, the preserving heat time is calculated according to the heating coefficient k3min/mm of the hot material returned to the furnace and the minimum thickness H of the maximum section, after the required preserving heat time is reached, discharging from the furnace for punching, determining the punching deformation of the corresponding upsetting cake according to the material characteristics, and controlling the upsetting cake and punching time: 120 s.+ -.30 s.
3. The forging method of a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 1, further comprising after punching:
and (3) processing the inner hole of the punched ring blank, chamfering the inner hole to R20-R25, wherein the unilateral processing amount of the inner hole is less than or equal to 5mm, and removing the surface defect of the inner hole.
4. The forging method of a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 1, wherein: the hole expanding process specifically comprises the following steps:
heating the ring blank after the punching machine is added to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, and expanding holes: expansion hole heating standard: cold material heating, charging a blank at a temperature less than or equal to the charging temperature T1, preheating to a temperature of T2 ℃, calculating according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to a temperature of T5 ℃ at a high temperature, calculating according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging and forging after the heat preservation time is reached, expanding holes, determining corresponding upsetting cake punching deformation according to material characteristics, and controlling hole expanding time: and (5) 60s plus or minus 20s, wherein the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging.
5. The forging method of a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 1, wherein: the horse frame reaming specifically includes:
directly heating the ring blank after hole expansion, returning the ring blank to an electric furnace at the temperature of T6 ℃ prepared in advance for heating and heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is calculated according to the heating coefficient k3min/mm of the heating material returned to the furnace and the minimum thickness H of the maximum section of the blank, and discharging the ring blank from the furnace for horse-frame reaming after the required heat preservation time is reached; or alternatively
And (3) carrying out a horse frame reaming procedure on the ring blank after hole expansion, and carrying out a horse frame reaming heating standard: cold material heating, charging the blank at a temperature less than or equal to the furnace charging temperature T1, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating at a high temperature to T6 ℃ and calculating the heat preservation time according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging from the furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, and reaming a horse frame;
wherein, confirm corresponding horse frame reaming deflection according to material characteristic, control horse frame reaming time: 180s plus or minus 20s, and the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging.
6. The forging method of a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 2, wherein: machining process after reaming the horse frame specifically comprises the following steps:
and machining the inner circle and the outer circle to 50% of visible light to remove high points, so that the quality of the ring blank is ensured, and the stability of the subsequent pre-reaming process is ensured.
7. A method of forging a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 3 wherein: pre-reaming specifically comprises:
and (3) heating the ring blank subjected to the reaming and machining of the horse frame to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, and performing a pre-reaming process: pre-reaming heating specifications: cold material heating, charging the blank at the temperature T1 which is less than or equal to the charging temperature, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to the low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to T7 ℃ at high temperature, calculating the heat preservation time according to the high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging from the furnace after the heat preservation time is reached, forging, pre-reaming, determining the corresponding pre-reaming deformation according to the material characteristics, and controlling the pre-reaming time: and 60s plus or minus 20s, wherein the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging piece and the forging capacity of the equipment.
8. The forging method of a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 5, wherein: the preforming specifically comprises the following steps:
heating the pre-reamed ring blank to the blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, performing a pre-reaming process, and preforming the heating standard: cold material heating, charging a blank at a temperature less than or equal to the charging temperature T1, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to a low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to T8 ℃ at a high temperature, discharging and forging after the heat preservation time is calculated according to a high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, performing preforming by using an auxiliary tool, wherein the auxiliary tool comprises a punch and a die, the auxiliary tool enables the preformed forging shape profile to be similar to the final forging profile, and the specific forging fire and deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging and the forging capacity of equipment.
9. The forging method of a large V-section superalloy ring component according to claim 5, wherein: final reaming of a ring rolling mill specifically comprises:
heating the preformed ring blank to blank making temperature in an electric furnace according to the heating standard requirement, preserving heat, and performing a final reaming process: final reaming and heating specifications: cold material heating, charging the blank at the temperature T1 which is less than or equal to the charging temperature, preheating to T2 ℃, calculating the heat preservation time according to the low-temperature heating coefficient k1min/mm multiplied by H, heating to T9 ℃ at high temperature, calculating the heat preservation time according to the high-temperature heating coefficient k2min/mm multiplied by H, discharging from the furnace for forging after reaching the heat preservation time, carrying out final reaming, determining the corresponding final reaming deformation according to the material characteristics, and controlling the final reaming time: and 60s plus or minus 20s, wherein the specific forging firing number and the deformation are determined according to the actual size of the forging piece and the forging capacity of the equipment.
CN202311579028.0A 2023-11-23 2023-11-23 Forging method of high-temperature alloy annular piece with large V-shaped section Pending CN117620066A (en)

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