CN117608082B - Compression imaging system and compression imaging method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a compression imaging system and a compression imaging method, wherein the compression imaging system comprises: the light source spectrum modulation module is used for generating a multi-wavelength illumination light source with uniform intensity; the data modulation module is used for randomly encoding the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination light source; the acquisition module is used for acquiring the image data after random encoding; and the image reconstruction module is used for reconstructing the acquired image data into a two-dimensional image. The invention adopts the multi-wavelength illumination light source to illuminate the sample, and carries out image reconstruction after carrying out parallel encoding on the multi-wavelength sample image, thereby improving the data acquisition efficiency of single-pixel compression imaging and improving the imaging flux.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical imaging, in particular to a compression imaging system and a compression imaging method.
Background
The optical imaging technology generally uses a two-dimensional photoelectric sensor to collect an optical image, and the technology has higher requirements on hardware of an optical system and cannot be applied to a scene with higher requirements on the sensor. For this reason, a technique of single-pixel imaging has been developed which encodes a two-dimensional image, and acquires only one-dimensional data for image reconstruction.
However, the single-pixel imaging technology described above employs a single-pixel camera with low data acquisition efficiency, and each data requires the encoding device to switch the encoding, thereby limiting the imaging flux of the single-pixel camera. Therefore, how to improve the encoding and acquisition efficiency of the single-pixel camera is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a compression imaging system for solving the technical problems.
The invention also provides a compression imaging method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a compression imaging system, including: the light source spectrum modulation module is used for generating a multi-wavelength illumination light source with uniform intensity; the data modulation module is used for randomly encoding the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination light source; the acquisition module is used for acquiring the image data after random encoding; and the image reconstruction module is used for reconstructing the acquired image data into a two-dimensional image.
The compression imaging system provided by the invention also has the following additional technical characteristics:
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the light source spectrum modulation module specifically includes: the device comprises a supercontinuum laser, a first diffraction grating, a second diffraction grating, a first cylindrical lens, a first digital micro-mirror device, a second cylindrical lens and a second diffraction grating; wherein the supercontinuum laser is used for generating collimated broad-spectrum laser; the first diffraction grating is used for dispersing the collimated broad-spectrum laser; the first cylindrical lens is used for transversely focusing the dispersed laser to form a dispersed rectangle to be projected on the first micro-reflector device; the first digital micro-mirror device is used for filtering the dispersion rectangle, modulating the intensity, and reflecting the dispersion rectangle to the second lens; the second lens is used for collimating the intensity-modulated multi-wavelength laser; the second diffraction grating is used for combining the collimated multi-wavelength laser to form a collimated multi-wavelength illumination light source.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the spectrum range of the continuous spectrum laser is 450-650 nm, the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating are 800 lines/mm, and the focal length of the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens is 100 mm.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-wavelength illumination light source generated by the light source spectrum modulation module is: the center wavelength lambda is 550nm, the wavelength interval is not 4.9 nm, and 41 wavelengths are used.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the data adjustment module specifically includes: the system comprises a first convex lens, an objective lens, a relay lens, a third diffraction grating, a second convex lens, a second digital micro-mirror device and a third convex lens; the first convex lens is used for converging multi-wavelength parallel illumination light generated by the light source spectrum modulation module so as to illuminate a sample; the objective lens and the relay lens are used for projecting Fourier transform of the sample onto the third diffraction grating and generating chromatic dispersion; the second convex lens is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the dispersed sample, focusing the dispersed sample into a transversely dispersed multi-wavelength real image and projecting the multi-wavelength real image on the second digital micro-mirror device; the second digital micro-mirror device is used for coding and reflecting the multi-wavelength real images of the transverse dispersion by adopting the random two-dimensional code.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module specifically includes: the system comprises a beam splitting prism, a third convex lens and a linear array camera; the beam splitting prism is used for deflecting the coded real image reflected by the second digital micro-mirror device; the third convex lens is used for focusing the real image deflected by the beam-splitting prism into point-shaped light spots which are distributed in parallel; the linear array camera is used for shooting and collecting the punctiform faculae.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the focal length of the first convex lens and the objective lens is 20 mm, the focal length of the second convex lens is 50 mm, the focal length of the third convex lens is 75 mm, and the third grating is 800 lines/mm.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the image reconstruction module is specifically configured to: acquiring the wavelength intensity of each single wavelength of the multispectral illumination light generated by the light source spectrum modulation module; normalizing the image data according to the wavelength intensity to obtain preprocessed one-dimensional data; and reconstructing the preprocessed one-dimensional data by using a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain a two-dimensional image.
An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a compression imaging method, including the steps of: generating a multi-wavelength illumination source with uniform intensity; randomly encoding the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination source; collecting the image data after random encoding; reconstructing the acquired image data into a two-dimensional image.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention adopts the multi-wavelength illumination light source to illuminate the sample, and carries out image reconstruction after carrying out parallel encoding on the multi-wavelength sample image, thereby improving the data acquisition efficiency of single-pixel compression imaging and improving the imaging flux.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a compression imaging system according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block schematic diagram of a compression imaging system according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second digital micromirror device encoding a laterally dispersed real image of a sample according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of spot-like light spots focused into parallel distribution by a third convex lens on a camera surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The compression imaging system and the compression imaging method according to the embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a compression imaging system, as shown in FIG. 1, according to one embodiment of the invention, the system comprising: a light source spectrum modulation module 1, a data modulation module 2, an acquisition module 3 and an image reconstruction module 4.
The light source spectrum modulation module 1 is used for generating a multi-wavelength illumination light source with uniform intensity; the data adjustment module 2 is used for randomly encoding the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination light source; the acquisition module 3 is used for acquiring the image data after random encoding; the image reconstruction module 4 is configured to reconstruct the acquired image data into a two-dimensional image.
Specifically, the sample is illuminated by using a multi-wavelength illumination light source generated by the spectrum modulation module 1, the multi-wavelength sample image is encoded in parallel by using the data modulation module 2, then the encoded one-dimensional image data is acquired by using the acquisition module 3, and the acquired one-dimensional image data is reconstructed into a two-dimensional image by using the image reconstruction module 4. Therefore, parallel encoding and acquisition are performed by adopting multiple wavelengths, so that the data acquisition efficiency of single-pixel compression imaging can be improved, and the imaging flux can be improved.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, a light source spectrum modulation module 1 specifically includes: a supercontinuum laser 101, a first diffraction grating 102, a first cylindrical lens 103, a first digital micro-mirror device 104, a second cylindrical lens 105, and a second diffraction grating 106.
Wherein the supercontinuum laser 101 is used for generating collimated broad spectrum laser light; the first diffraction grating 102 is used for dispersing the collimated broad-spectrum laser; the first cylindrical lens 103 is used for transversely focusing the dispersed laser light to form a dispersed rectangle to be projected on the first micro-mirror device 104; the first digital micromirror device 104 is used for rectangular filtering of chromatic dispersion and intensity modulation, and reflects to the second lens 105; the second lens 105 is used for collimating the intensity-modulated multi-wavelength laser light; the second diffraction grating 106 is used for combining the collimated multi-wavelength laser light to form a collimated multi-wavelength illumination light source.
Specifically, the collimated broad spectrum laser light generated by the supercontinuum laser 101 is dispersed by the first diffraction grating 102 and then focused by the first cylindrical lens 103 in the transverse direction to form a dispersed rectangle, which is projected on the first micro-mirror device 104, the intensity of the corresponding wavelength is adjusted by controlling the number of pixels that are turned on in each column of pixels of the first micro-mirror device 104, if all the pixels in a column are turned on, all the wavelengths corresponding to the column are reserved, and if all the pixels in a column are turned off, all the wavelengths corresponding to the column are filtered. The modulated laser light is reflected and collimated again by the second cylindrical lens 105, and then combined by the second diffraction grating 106 to form collimated multi-wavelength illumination parallel light, each wavelength being regarded as coherent light.
In the embodiment of the invention, the spectrum range of the supercontinuum laser 101 can be 450-650 nm, the first diffraction grating 102 and the second diffraction grating 106 can be 800 lines/mm, and the focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens can be 100mm; the light source spectrum modulation module 1 can generate a central wave lambda=550 nm, the wavelength interval is 4.9nm, and the total light source spectrum of 41 wavelengths is adopted.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the data adjustment module 2 specifically includes: a first convex lens 201, an objective lens 203, a relay lens 204, a third diffraction grating 205, a second convex lens 207, a second digital micro-mirror device 208, and a third convex lens 209.
The first convex lens 201 is used for converging multi-wavelength parallel illumination light generated by the light source spectrum modulation module 1 so as to illuminate the sample 202; the objective lens 203 and the relay lens 204 are used for projecting fourier transform of the sample onto the third diffraction grating 205 and dispersing; the second convex lens 207 is used for fourier transforming the dispersed sample, focusing the fourier transformed sample into a transversely dispersed multi-wavelength real image, and projecting the multi-wavelength real image on the second digital micro-mirror device 208; the second digital micromirror device 208 is used to encode and reflect the laterally dispersed multi-wavelength real image using a random two-dimensional code.
The multi-spectrum illumination parallel light generated by the source spectrum modulation module is projected onto the third diffraction grating 205 by the fourier transform of the first convex lens and dispersed, the fourier transform of the dispersed sample is focused into a multi-wavelength real image of transverse dispersion by the second convex lens 207, and projected onto the second digital micro-mirror device 208, as shown in fig. 3, the random two-dimensional code of the second digital micro-mirror device 208 encodes the multi-wavelength real image of transverse dispersion, and the real images of different wavelengths are encoded differently. The light field on the encoded second digital micromirror device 208 is: the mirror 201 focuses and the sample 202 is placed in front of the focal point by a distance d, the light field at the sample face can be expressed asWherein O i is the sample at the ith wavelength/>Transmittance under,/>Is the abscissa of the sample plane. The objective lens 203 and the relay lens 204 project the fourier transform of the sample onto the third diffraction grating 205 and disperse the fourier transform of the dispersed sample, the fourier transform of the dispersed sample is focused into a transversely dispersed multi-wavelength real image by the second convex lens 207, and the transversely dispersed multi-wavelength real image is projected onto the second digital micro-mirror device 208, and as shown in fig. 3, the random two-dimensional code of the second digital micro-mirror device 208 encodes the transversely dispersed multi-wavelength real image, and the real images with different wavelengths are encoded differently. The light field on the encoded second digital micromirror device 208 is: Wherein/> Is of wavelength/>Corresponding random encoding of the image of f L2、fobj is the focal length of the second convex lens 207 and the objective lens 203, respectively,/>For the central wavelength,/>For the third diffraction grating 205, line density,/>For the third diffraction grating 205 diffraction angle,/>Is the abscissa on the second digital micromirror device.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the acquisition module 3 may specifically include: a beam splitting prism 206, a third convex lens 209, and a line camera 210; wherein the beam splitting prism 206 is configured to deflect the encoded real image reflected by the second digital micromirror device 208; the third convex lens 209 is used for focusing the real image deflected by the beam-splitting prism 206 into point-like light spots distributed in parallel; the line camera 210 is used for shooting and collecting point-shaped light spots. The linear array camera 210 shoots and collects the punctiform faculae and transmits the punctiform faculae to the upper computer 211 for reconstruction.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the encoded real image is reflected by the second digital micro-mirror device 208, deflected by the beam splitter prism 206, and focused by the third convex lens 209 into a parallel-distributed spot-like light spot, where the distance between the plane on which the spot-like light spot is focused and the back focus of the third convex lens is (f L3/fobj)2 d, the light field distribution on the plane isWhere f L3、fobj is the focal length of the third convex lens 209 and the objective lens 203, FT represents the Fourier transform,/>An abscissa on a plane focused by the punctiform facula; the intensity distribution in the plane of focus of the spot-like spot can be expressed as/>The intensity distribution is shown in fig. 4.
Specifically, the line camera 210 is placed in a plane focused by the spot-like light spots for capturing data, and if the transmittance of the sample for different wavelengths is considered to be approximately equal, the intensity of each light spot corresponds to one data. As shown in fig. 4, the present invention can acquire 41 data points at a time.
If the reconstructed image size is 32 x 32 pixels, then 164 data points at 16% sampling rate are needed for only 4 exposure acquisitions. And (5) refreshing the random two-dimensional code on the second digital micro-reflection device once every time. Therefore, the data acquisition efficiency of single-pixel compression imaging can be improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the focal length of the first convex lens 201 and the objective lens 203 may be 20mm, the focal length of the second convex lens 207 may be 50mm, the focal length of the third convex lens 207 may be 75 mm, and the third diffraction grating 208 may be 800 lines/mm.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the image reconstruction module 4 is specifically configured to: acquiring the wavelength intensity of each single wavelength of multispectral illumination light generated by the light source spectrum modulation module; normalizing the image data according to the wavelength intensity to obtain preprocessed one-dimensional data; and reconstructing the preprocessed one-dimensional data by using a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain a two-dimensional image.
In summary, according to the compression imaging system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the multi-wavelength illumination light source with uniform intensity is generated through the light source spectrum modulation module, the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination light source is randomly encoded through the data adjustment module, the image data after random encoding is acquired through the acquisition module, and the acquired image data is reconstructed into a two-dimensional image through the image reconstruction module. Therefore, the invention adopts the multi-wavelength illumination light source to illuminate the sample, and carries out image reconstruction after carrying out parallel encoding on the multi-wavelength sample image, thereby improving the data acquisition efficiency of single-pixel compression imaging and improving the imaging flux.
Corresponding to the compression imaging system, the invention also provides a compression imaging method. Since the method embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the system embodiment described above, details not disclosed in the method embodiment may be referred to the system embodiment described above, and details will not be described in detail in the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a compression imaging method includes the steps of: generating a multi-wavelength illumination source with uniform intensity; randomly encoding the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination light source; collecting the image data after random encoding; reconstructing the acquired image data into a two-dimensional image.
According to the compression imaging method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sample is illuminated by adopting the multi-wavelength illumination light source, and the image reconstruction is carried out after the parallel encoding of the multi-wavelength sample image, so that the data acquisition efficiency of single-pixel compression imaging can be improved, and the imaging flux is improved.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. The meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A compression imaging system, comprising:
the light source spectrum modulation module is used for generating a multi-wavelength illumination light source with uniform intensity;
the data modulation module is used for randomly encoding the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination light source;
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the image data after random encoding;
The image reconstruction module is used for reconstructing the acquired image data into a two-dimensional image;
Wherein, the light source spectrum modulation module specifically includes: the device comprises a supercontinuum laser, a first diffraction grating, a first cylindrical lens, a first digital micro-mirror device, a second cylindrical lens and a second diffraction grating; the supercontinuum laser is used for generating collimated broad-spectrum laser; the first diffraction grating is used for dispersing the collimated broad-spectrum laser; the first cylindrical lens is used for transversely focusing the dispersed laser to form a dispersed rectangle to be projected on the first micro-reflector device; the first digital micro-mirror device is used for filtering the dispersion rectangle, modulating the intensity, and reflecting the dispersion rectangle to the second lens; the second lens is used for collimating the intensity-modulated multi-wavelength laser; the second diffraction grating is used for combining the collimated multi-wavelength laser to form a collimated multi-wavelength illumination light source; the spectrum range of the supercontinuum laser is 450-650 nm, the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating are 800 lines/mm, and the focal length of the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens is 100 mm; the multi-wavelength illumination light source generated by the light source spectrum modulation module is as follows: the center wavelength lambda is 550nm, the wavelength interval is not 4.9 nm, and the total wavelength is 41;
The data modulation module specifically comprises: the system comprises a first convex lens, an objective lens, a relay lens, a third diffraction grating, a second convex lens, a second digital micro-mirror device and a third convex lens; the first convex lens is used for converging multi-wavelength parallel illumination light generated by the light source spectrum modulation module so as to illuminate a sample; the objective lens and the relay lens are used for projecting Fourier transform of the sample onto the third diffraction grating and generating chromatic dispersion; the second convex lens is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the dispersed sample, focusing the dispersed sample into a transversely dispersed multi-wavelength real image and projecting the multi-wavelength real image on the second digital micro-mirror device; the second digital micro-mirror device is used for coding and reflecting the multi-wavelength real images of the transverse dispersion by adopting a random two-dimensional code;
The acquisition module specifically comprises: the system comprises a beam splitting prism, a third convex lens and a linear array camera; the beam splitting prism is used for deflecting the coded real image reflected by the second digital micro-mirror device; the third convex lens is used for focusing the real image deflected by the beam-splitting prism into point-shaped light spots which are distributed in parallel; the linear array camera is used for shooting and collecting the punctiform faculae; the focal length of the first convex lens and the focal length of the objective lens are 20mm, the focal length of the second convex lens is 50mm, the focal length of the third convex lens is 75 mm, and the third diffraction grating is 800 lines/mm.
2. The compression imaging system of claim 1, wherein the image reconstruction module is specifically configured to:
acquiring the wavelength intensity of each single wavelength of the multispectral illumination light generated by the light source spectrum modulation module;
normalizing the image data according to the wavelength intensity to obtain preprocessed one-dimensional data;
And reconstructing the preprocessed one-dimensional data by using a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain a two-dimensional image.
3. A compression imaging method, comprising the steps of:
The light source spectrum modulation module is used for generating a multi-wavelength illumination light source with uniform intensity;
randomly encoding the sample image illuminated by the multi-wavelength illumination light source through a data modulation module;
the method comprises the steps that image data after random encoding are collected through a collection module;
reconstructing the acquired image data into a two-dimensional image through an image reconstruction module;
Wherein, the light source spectrum modulation module specifically includes: the device comprises a supercontinuum laser, a first diffraction grating, a first cylindrical lens, a first digital micro-mirror device, a second cylindrical lens and a second diffraction grating; the supercontinuum laser is used for generating collimated broad-spectrum laser; the first diffraction grating is used for dispersing the collimated broad-spectrum laser; the first cylindrical lens is used for transversely focusing the dispersed laser to form a dispersed rectangle to be projected on the first micro-reflector device; the first digital micro-mirror device is used for filtering the dispersion rectangle, modulating the intensity, and reflecting the dispersion rectangle to the second lens; the second lens is used for collimating the intensity-modulated multi-wavelength laser; the second diffraction grating is used for combining the collimated multi-wavelength laser to form a collimated multi-wavelength illumination light source; the spectrum range of the supercontinuum laser is 450-650 nm, the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating are 800 lines/mm, and the focal length of the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens is 100 mm; the multi-wavelength illumination light source generated by the light source spectrum modulation module is as follows: the center wavelength lambda is 550nm, the wavelength interval is not 4.9 nm, and the total wavelength is 41;
The data modulation module specifically comprises: the system comprises a first convex lens, an objective lens, a relay lens, a third diffraction grating, a second convex lens, a second digital micro-mirror device and a third convex lens; the first convex lens is used for converging multi-wavelength parallel illumination light generated by the light source spectrum modulation module so as to illuminate a sample; the objective lens and the relay lens are used for projecting Fourier transform of the sample onto the third diffraction grating and generating chromatic dispersion; the second convex lens is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the dispersed sample, focusing the dispersed sample into a transversely dispersed multi-wavelength real image and projecting the multi-wavelength real image on the second digital micro-mirror device; the second digital micro-mirror device is used for coding and reflecting the multi-wavelength real images of the transverse dispersion by adopting a random two-dimensional code;
The acquisition module specifically comprises: the system comprises a beam splitting prism, a third convex lens and a linear array camera; the beam splitting prism is used for deflecting the coded real image reflected by the second digital micro-mirror device; the third convex lens is used for focusing the real image deflected by the beam-splitting prism into point-shaped light spots which are distributed in parallel; the linear array camera is used for shooting and collecting the punctiform faculae; the focal length of the first convex lens and the focal length of the objective lens are 20mm, the focal length of the second convex lens is 50mm, the focal length of the third convex lens is 75 mm, and the third diffraction grating is 800 lines/mm.
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