CN117607268A - Probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of inner surface of outer cylinder by PAUT - Google Patents
Probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of inner surface of outer cylinder by PAUT Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117607268A CN117607268A CN202311310578.2A CN202311310578A CN117607268A CN 117607268 A CN117607268 A CN 117607268A CN 202311310578 A CN202311310578 A CN 202311310578A CN 117607268 A CN117607268 A CN 117607268A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- defect
- probe
- test block
- outer cylinder
- simulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
- G01N29/4418—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with a model, e.g. best-fit, regression analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/267—Welds
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Algebra (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining probe parameters for detecting defects on the inner surface of an outer cylinder by PAUT, which adopts CIVA simulation technology to carry out PAUT detection process simulation research on outer cylinder model test blocks with different wall thicknesses and simulated defects, can simulate and analyze sound field distribution rules and defect signal feedback conditions in different parameter states of a workpiece by adopting different probes and detection process parameters according to the structural characteristics, typical defects and distribution forms of the workpiece, and determines the optimal detection process parameters suitable for detecting defects of different test blocks, designs and selects the test blocks, wedge blocks and the probes, and provides necessary basis and guidance for optimizing detection process and reducing detection cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tank ultrasonic detection, in particular to a probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of the inner surface of an outer cylinder by PAUT.
Background
In the prior art, the outer cylinder of the wind tunnel low-temperature liquid nitrogen storage tank is easy to generate defects such as corrosion pits and cracks after long-time use, and because a large amount of liquid nitrogen stored in the outer cylinder cannot be subjected to can opening detection during daily detection, the inner surface of the outer cylinder is required to be detected by using an ultrasonic PAUT detection technology, and after the defect hazard is determined to exist, the liquid nitrogen is discharged to be opened for maintenance. However, the outer cylinder is more in variety and different in wall thickness, so that it is difficult to directly determine which probe is used for detection reasonably, if the probe is not reasonably selected, the defect detection omission condition of the inner surface of the outer cylinder can occur, and safety accidents such as liquid nitrogen leakage and explosion can be caused.
Therefore, there is a strong need for a scientific and accurate method for selecting the probe parameters most suitable for detection for different wall thicknesses of the outer cylinder, which is a disadvantage of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a probe parameter determination method for detecting defects on the inner surface of an outer cylinder by PAUT aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The scheme is realized by the following technical measures:
a probe parameter determining method for detecting defects of the inner surface of an outer cylinder by PAUT comprises the following steps:
a. establishing a plurality of defect-free test block CIVA models with different thicknesses for sound field simulation according to the wall thickness range of the outer cylinder of the liquid nitrogen storage tank;
b. setting a plurality of different probes to simulate the sound field of the CIVA model of the defect-free test block, and obtaining the parameter configuration of the optimal probe applicable to the test block with different wall thickness through sound field simulation calculation;
c. adding an artificial reflector on the basis of a defect-free test block CIVA model to simulate the defect at the position in an actual workpiece, so as to obtain a defect response simulation test block CIVA model;
d. b, carrying out defect response simulation on the CIVA model of the defect response simulation test block with different thicknesses by adopting the parameter configuration of the optimal probe determined in the step b and combining a plurality of different probes set in the step b as a reference system to obtain the defect echo amplitude and the sound pressure reduction value of the defect echo of the defect response simulation of all the corresponding probes;
e. and d, analyzing the sound pressure reduction value of the defect echo according to the defect echo amplitude and the defect response simulation obtained in the step d to obtain the optimal probe selection.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the step a, the thickness of the non-defective test block CIVA model is set up into a plurality of test blocks with different thicknesses according to the wall thickness range of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outer cylinder at intervals of the same size, the maximum thickness of the test block is larger than the maximum value of the wall thickness of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outer cylinder, and the minimum thickness of the test block is the same as the minimum value of the wall thickness of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outer cylinder.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the step b, firstly, simulating CIVA model test blocks with the thickness larger than the maximum value of the wall thickness of the outer barrel of the liquid nitrogen storage tank to obtain the sound field distribution rule corresponding to different activated wafers when the probe frequency and the line scanning angle are the same, and then simulating the test blocks within the wall thickness range of the outer barrel of the liquid nitrogen storage tank to finally obtain the parameter configuration of the optimal probe for defect response simulation.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the step b, the basic principle of sound field simulation parameter setting is as follows: the full coverage of the ultrasonic beam to the required detection area is ensured, so that the detection area is positioned in the area with the acoustic field energy loss of not more than 6dB on the main acoustic beam.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step c, the CIVA model of the defect response simulation test block is divided into two types: one type is an internal surface hazard defect, namely, a bottom crack simulation defect test block is established, and the other type is an internal surface non-hazard defect, namely, a bottom corrosion pit simulation defect test block is established.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the step d, when the bottom crack simulation defect test block is detected, a probe is arranged on the outer surface of the test block during detection, ultrasonic waves obliquely enter the test block and are reflected at the bottom surface of the test block, when the bottom surface has crack type harmful defects, the ultrasonic waves generate end angle reflection at the defect positions, and the signals are detected by the probe and form obvious defect display signals;
when the bottom corrosion pit simulation defect test block is detected, a probe is arranged on the outer surface of the test block during detection, an ultrasonic beam vertically enters the test block and is reflected on the bottom surface of the test block, if the bottom surface is defect-free, the depth of a reflected echo is consistent, when the bottom surface has corrosion thinning defects, bottom waves at the defect position are disturbed or offset, and compared with the bottom waves, the bottom waves form obvious defect display signals after the signals are detected by the probe.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the step e, the optimal probe is the probe with the lowest sound pressure reduction and the largest defect echo amplitude.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: parameters of the probe include probe frequency, number of active wafers, and probe angle.
The beneficial effects of the scheme can be known according to the description of the scheme, because the scheme adopts the CIVA simulation technology to carry out PAUT detection process simulation research on the outer cylinder model test blocks with simulated defects and different wall thicknesses, according to the structural characteristics, typical defects and distribution forms of workpieces, different probes and detection process parameters can be adopted to simulate and analyze sound field distribution rules and defect signal feedback conditions in the workpieces under different parameter states, and the optimal detection process parameters suitable for the defect detection of different test blocks are determined, so that necessary basis and guidance are provided for the design and selection of the test blocks, wedge blocks and probes, the detection process optimization and the reduction of the detection cost.
It is seen that the present invention provides substantial features and improvements over the prior art, as well as significant advantages in its practice.
Description of the embodiments
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Examples
The outer cylinder test parameters selected in this embodiment are:
ultrasonic response simulation analysis of internal surface hazard defects:
1-1, PAUT detection signal response intensity analysis of defects with different crack sizes on a base material under the condition of the same wall thickness. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions of 52mm in wall thickness, 1mm in crack depth, 0.5mm in width, 1-10 mm in length (1 mm in interval) and the like is achieved.
1-2, PAUT signal response intensity analysis of different crack size defects on a welding line under the condition of the same wall thickness. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions of 52mm in wall thickness, 1mm in crack depth, 0.5mm in width, 1-10 mm in length (1 mm in interval) and the like is achieved.
1-3, under the condition of the same crack size, analyzing PAUT detection signal response intensity of crack defects on base materials with different wall thicknesses. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions that the crack is 1mm deep, 0.5mm wide, 2mm long, 30 mm-52 mm thick (2 mm interval) and the like.
1-4, PAUT detection signal response intensity analysis of crack defects on welding lines with different wall thicknesses under the condition of the same crack size. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions that the crack is 1mm deep, 0.5mm wide, 2mm long, 30 mm-52 mm thick (2 mm interval) and the like.
Simulation analysis of the ultrasonic response of the non-hazardous defect on the inner surface:
2-1, under the condition of the same wall thickness, analyzing PAUT detection signal response intensities of different surface corrosion pit size defects on the base material. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions of 52mm of wall thickness, 1mm of corrosion pit depth, 1-10 mm of diameter (1 mm interval) and the like.
2-2, PAUT detection signal response intensity analysis of different surface corrosion pit size defects on welding lines under the condition of the same wall thickness. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions of 52mm of wall thickness, 1mm of corrosion pit depth, 1-10 mm of diameter (1 mm interval) and the like.
2-3, analyzing PAUT detection signal response intensity of the corrosion pits on the upper surfaces of the base materials with different wall thicknesses under the condition of the same surface corrosion pit size. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions of 1mm in depth, 2mm in diameter, 30-52 mm in wall thickness (2 mm in interval) and the like of the corrosion pit.
2-4, under the condition of the same surface corrosion pit size, analyzing the PAUT detection signal response intensity of the surface corrosion pits on the welding seams with different wall thicknesses. For example, the signal response strength under the conditions of 1mm in depth, 2mm in diameter, 30-52 mm in wall thickness (2 mm in interval) and the like of the corrosion pit.
On the basis of regulations about test blocks, defect types, sizes, variation ranges thereof and the like in analysis simulation study contents, refer to NB/T47013.15-2019, pressure-bearing equipment nondestructive test section 15: the standard of phased array ultrasonic detection is used for determining the PAUT detection method (longitudinal wave vertical incidence linear scanning or transverse wave oblique incidence linear scanning) and the ranges of three main parameters of probe frequency, activated wafer number (activated aperture) and line scanning angle aiming at each test block defect, and the phased array ultrasonic detection method and the main detection parameter ranges used by the simulation are shown in table 1.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. and (3) establishing a CIVA model of the defect-free test block:
the wall thickness range of the test block for sound field simulation in table 1 is 30-52 mm, and since the distribution of sound field energy in the test block is mainly dependent on parameters such as probe frequency, activation aperture and line scan angle for generating ultrasonic waves, and the like, the wall thickness of the simulation model is greater than 52mm for better describing the sound field energy distribution in the test block with the wall thickness range of 30-52 mm, and is specified by combining NB/T47013.15-2019, the wall thickness is 15-100 mm as a section, and the rule analysis of the relation between the sound field energy distribution in the test block with the wall thickness of 60mm and the number of activated wafers (the activation aperture) can cover the rule of the sound field distribution when the wall thickness is changed from 30mm to 52 mm.
Therefore, the maximum size of the CIVA model for sound field simulation can be 60×320×450mm according to the simulation content requirement, and a plurality of CIVA models with wall thicknesses of 30-52 mm (changing at intervals of 2 mm) are simultaneously built.
b. And (3) establishing a defect response simulation CIVA model:
based on the information in table 1, the defect response simulation block CIVA model can be divided into two series:
a series of PAUT detection signal response intensity analyses for simulating defects of different sizes at the same wall thickness:
s1: the test block has the dimensions of 52 x 320 x 450mm (thickness x width x length), the lower surface of the test block is carved with 10 artificial grooves with the depth of 1mm, the width of 0.5mm and the length of 1-10 mm (interval of 1 mm), and the artificial grooves are used for simulating crack defects with different dimensions on the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the storage tank;
s2: the test block has the dimensions of 52 x 320 x 450mm (thickness x width x length), the lower surface of the test block is drilled with 10 artificial flat-bottom holes with the depth of 1mm and the diameter of 1-10 mm (1 mm interval), and the test block is used for simulating corrosion pit defects with different sizes on the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the storage tank.
Another series was used to simulate the PAUT detection signal response intensity analysis for different wall thicknesses under the same defect size conditions:
s3: the test blocks are 30-52 mm in thickness (thickness is equal to 2mm in thickness), the lower surface of each test block is carved with artificial grooves with depth of 1mm, width of 0.5mm and length of 2mm to simulate crack defects on the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the storage tank, and the series of test blocks are mainly used for simulating the change of signal response intensity of the artificial grooving defects on the lower surface of each test block when the thickness of each test block is changed from 30mm to 52mm at intervals of 2 mm;
s4: the test blocks are 30-52 mm in thickness (thickness is equal to 2mm in thickness), the lower surface of each test block is drilled with a flat bottom hole with a depth of 1mm and a diameter of 2mm to simulate the corrosion pit defects on the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the storage tank, and the series of test blocks are mainly used for simulating the signal response intensity changes of the flat bottom hole defects on the bottom surface of each test block when the thickness of each test block is changed from 30mm to 52mm at intervals of 2 mm.
c. Simulation parameter setting:
basic principles of sound field simulation parameter setting:
(1) ensuring the full coverage of the ultrasonic beam to the required detection area;
(2) the detection area is located in the area where the energy loss of the acoustic field on the main beam does not exceed 6 dB.
Setting probe parameters:
and c, determining main parameter values for simulation within the main parameter range specified in table 1 based on the simulation model in the step a, and setting sound field simulation parameters. The sound field simulation parameters comprise probe and wedge parameters, detection parameters, focusing rule parameters, calculation parameters and the like, and the specific parameter settings are shown in table 2.
Parameter setting of defect response simulation:
the defect response simulation parameters comprise probe parameters, detection parameters, defect parameters and calculation parameter settings, wherein the probe parameters and the detection parameter settings are shown in table 2, and the defect parameters and the calculation parameter settings are shown in table 3.
The size of the area is reasonably set, so that the operation precision and the operation speed can be ensured.
d. Performing sound field simulation on the defect-free test block:
d1, in actual operation, because a contact phased array ultrasonic transverse wave oblique incidence linear scanning method is required to detect the damage defect of the inner surface, a probe is arranged on the outer surface of a test block during detection, ultrasonic waves obliquely enter the test block and are reflected on the bottom surface of the test block, when the crack damage defect exists on the bottom surface, the ultrasonic waves generate end angle reflection at the defect position, and the signal is detected by the probe and forms a more obvious defect display signal.
Based on the acoustic principle, the main simulation parameters in the table 1 are selected, the probe frequency is 5MHz, the line scanning angle is 45 degrees, the number of wafers activated at one time (activated aperture) is respectively 8, 16 and 32, and sound field simulation is carried out on a defect-free test block with the wall thickness of 60mm, so that the law that the sound field energy distribution changes along with the activated aperture under the determined probe frequency and line scanning angle is obtained.
The probe parameter configuration for sound field simulation is shown in table 4.
The simulation result of step d1 shows that: when the probe frequency and line scan angle were unchanged and the number of active wafers (active apertures) increased, the area of the acoustic main beam with less than 3dB loss of acoustic energy became longer, the diameter became thicker and moved down, the probe near field increased and the acoustic penetration was gradually increased, but the lateral resolution in the thinner area of the test block was reduced, and the relationship between the acoustic field energy distribution and the number of active wafers (active apertures) was shown in table 5.
d2, on the basis of fully considering the penetrating power of the sound wave, the detection signal-to-noise ratio and the longitudinal and transverse resolution, the simulation data and the simulation rules obtained in the step d1 are referred to, so that the optimal probe parameter configuration of the corresponding inner surface hazard defect when the sound energy loss on the main sound beam of the sound wave is ensured to be less than 3dB and the bottom surface of the test block with the wall thickness of 30-52 mm is completely covered can be obtained, and the optimal probe parameter configuration is shown in a table 6.
In view of the defect characteristics of the bottom surface of the test block and the strongest end angle reflection signal when the probe angle is 45 degrees, the probe angle in the table is 45 degrees, and the amplitude heights at the positions of 30mm and 52mm of the wall thickness are not lower than 96% when the parameter configuration in the table 6 is used.
d3, in actual operation, the non-harmful defect on the inner surface is generally an inner wall corrosion thinning defect, a contact type ultrasonic pulse echo longitudinal wave vertical incidence method is generally used for detecting the defect PAUT, a probe is arranged on the outer surface of a test block during detection, ultrasonic beams vertically enter the test block and are reflected on the bottom surface of the test block, if the bottom surface is defect-free, the depth of the reflected echo is consistent (bottom wave), when the corrosion thinning defect exists on the bottom surface, disturbance or deflection is generated on the bottom wave of the defect, and compared with the bottom wave, a defect display signal which is more obvious in form is detected by the probe.
Based on the acoustic principle, according to the simulation main parameters of table 1, the probe frequency is 5MHz, the probe angle is 0 °, the number of activated wafers is 8, 16 and 32 respectively, and the sound field simulation is carried out on a defect-free test block with the wall thickness of 60mm, so that the determined rule that the sound field energy distribution changes along with the activated aperture under the probe frequency and the line scanning angle is obtained, and the non-hazardous defect probe parameter configuration is shown in table 7.
From the simulation results, it can be seen that: for the contact phased array 0 ° line scan parameter setting, the relationship between acoustic field energy distribution (near field, block thickness direction coverage, penetration force, resolution, etc.) and the number of active wafers (active aperture) is similar to that of the contact 45 ° line scan probe, and the relationship between acoustic field energy distribution and the number of active wafers (active aperture) is the same as that of table 5.
And d4, based on fully considering the penetrating power of the sound wave, the detection signal-to-noise ratio and the longitudinal and transverse resolution, referring to the simulation data and the simulation rule obtained in the step d3, obtaining the optimal probe parameter configuration of the corresponding inner surface non-hazardous defect when the sound energy loss on the main sound beam of the sound wave is ensured to be less than 3dB and the area completely covers the bottom surface of the test block with the wall thickness of 30-52 mm, as shown in the table 8.
In view of the characteristics of the bottom surface defects of the test block, the reflected signal is strongest when the sound waves are perpendicularly incident to the defect surface, so the probe angle in the table is selected to be 0 °. When the parameter configuration in Table 8 was used, the amplitude height was not less than 91% at both wall thicknesses of 30mm and 52 mm.
e. Defect response simulation:
simulation analysis of the internal surface hazard defect response:
e1, simulating response simulation and result analysis (the same wall thickness and different sizes of harmful defects) of the variable-size simulated crack defects (the harmful defects) on the inner surface of a test block with the wall thickness of 52 mm:
after referring to the data in tables 4 and 6, defect response simulation is performed on the variable-size simulated cracks of the inner surface of the test block with the wall thickness of 52mm by using the parameter configuration of each probe in table 9, so that the sound field simulation results and the sound field distribution rules in the steps d1 and d2 are further verified, and the optimized detection process parameters are obtained through the simulation. The simulation is mainly carried out by comparing echo wave amplitudes of the same crack defect by different probes in the defect response simulation result, so that more suitable probe configuration is determined.
From the simulation results, it can be seen that: the probe 4 in Table 9 has its acoustic field energy at the point of about 52mm of the block wall thickness at the highest point, and the probe 2 and probe 3 regions with less than 3dB acoustic energy loss on the main beam of sound waves can cover the 52mm wall thickness. The defect echo amplitude values for the defect response simulation using each probe parameter configuration are shown in table 10.
From the comparison of the echo amplitude results in table 10, it can be seen that:
(1) for each defect, on the premise of not considering the grain size and attenuation influence of the material, the 5M-21 detection effect is the best, and the 5M-8 detection effect is the worst, mainly because the 5M-21 probe has the highest sound field energy distribution at the position of 52mm of the wall thickness; the energy of the sound field of the probe 5M-8 is far lower than that of other probes at the position with the wall thickness of 52mm, if the grain size and the attenuation influence energy are considered to be lower, the defect at the position with the wall thickness of 52mm can be detected without considering the use of 5M-8;
(2) considering the influences of material grain size, attenuation and the like, for detecting cracks on the inner surface of a test block with the wall thickness of 52mm, a 5M-21 probe with high frequency is preferably selected for detecting defects with smaller size, and if the detection signal-to-noise ratio is reduced (less than 10 dB), the frequency selection of the 4M-21 probe can be reduced.
e2, simulating response simulation and result analysis (different wall thicknesses and same hazard defects) of crack defect (hazard defect) by sizing the inner surface of a test block with the wall thickness of 30-52 mm (changing at intervals of 2 mm):
in combination with the data references in tables 4 and 6, a defect response simulation was performed on simulated crack defects with a wall thickness of 30-52 mm (changing at intervals of 2 mm) and an inner surface size of 1 x 0.5 x 2mm, and sound pressure reduction values of defect echoes were compared to further verify sound field simulation results, and bottom defect response simulation results and optimal probe parameter configurations of each wall thickness test block are shown in table 11.
Simulation analysis of the non-hazardous defect response of the inner surface:
e3, simulating response simulation and result analysis (non-hazardous defects with the same wall thickness and different sizes) of corrosion pit defects (non-hazardous defects on the inner surface) of the variable-size test block with the wall thickness of 52 mm:
after referring to the data in tables 7 and 8, defect response simulation is performed on the variable-size simulated corrosion pits on the inner surface of the test block with the wall thickness of 52mm by using the parameter configuration of each probe in table 12, so that the sound field simulation results and the sound field distribution rules in the steps d3 and d4 are further verified, and optimized detection process parameters are obtained through the simulation. The simulation is mainly used for determining the more suitable probe configuration by comparing echo wave amplitudes of different probes on the same corrosion pit defect in the defect response simulation result.
From the simulation results, it can be seen that: the probe 4 in Table 12 has its highest acoustic field energy at about 52mm of the block wall thickness, and the probe 2 and probe 3 regions with less than 3dB acoustic energy loss on the main beam of sound waves can cover about 30-52 mm of the wall thickness. The defect echo amplitude values for the defect response simulation using each probe parameter configuration are shown in table 13.
Simulation result analysis:
from comparison of the echo amplitude results in table 13, it can be seen that:
(1) for each defect, on the premise of not considering the grain size and attenuation influence of the material, the 5M-21 detection effect is the best, and the 5M-8 detection effect is the worst, mainly because the 5M-21 probe has the highest sound field energy distribution at the position of 52mm of the wall thickness; the energy of the sound field of the probe 5M-8 is far lower than that of other probes at the position with the wall thickness of 52mm, if the grain size and the attenuation influence energy are considered to be lower, the defect at the position with the wall thickness of 52mm can be detected without considering the use of 5M-8;
(2) considering the influences of material grain size, attenuation and the like, for detecting cracks on the inner surface of a test block with the wall thickness of 52mm, a 5M-21 probe with high frequency is preferably selected for detecting defects with smaller size, and if the detection signal-to-noise ratio is reduced (less than 10 dB), the frequency selection of the 4M-21 probe can be reduced.
e4, simulating response simulation and result analysis (non-hazardous defects with different wall thicknesses and same size) of corrosion pit defects (non-hazardous defects on the inner surface) by sizing the inner surface of a test block with the wall thickness of 30-52 mm (2 mm interval):
referring to tables 7 and 8, the defect response simulation is performed on the simulated corrosion pit defects with the wall thickness of 30-52 mm (changing at intervals of 2 mm) and the size of 1 x 2mm, and the sound pressure reduction values of the defect echoes are compared, so that the sound field simulation results are further verified, and the bottom defect response simulation results of each wall thickness test block and the corresponding optimal probe parameter configuration are shown in table 14.
f. And analyzing according to the simulation result obtained in the steps to obtain the PAUT detection process:
from the CIVA simulation data and conclusions, the following PAUT detection processes were formed, as listed in tables 15-16.
/>
In this embodiment, the relationship between the number of activated wafers (activated apertures) and the sound field energy distribution is given by sound field simulation and defect response simulation calculation, and relatively optimized detection parameters are given, and the simulation also obtains the following conclusion:
1. detecting the crack defect of the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the low-temperature liquid nitrogen storage tank by using a contact phased array ultrasonic transverse wave oblique incidence linear scanning method and utilizing the sound wave end angle reflection principle; the contact type vertical wave vertical incidence linear scanning method for detecting the pit corrosion defect on the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the low-temperature liquid nitrogen storage tank is an effective method.
2. For the defect of the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the low-temperature liquid nitrogen storage tank, because the depth of the defect is shallow and the length is short, a recommended probe with higher frequency should be preferentially used for actual detection so as to ensure enough resolution and detection sensitivity, and when the detection signal-to-noise ratio is reduced, a probe with lower frequency can be selected.
3. The simulation does not consider the influence of the grain size and attenuation of the material on detection, and the probe can be flexibly selected according to the rule between the probe parameter and the sound field energy distribution in actual detection, so that the simulation has better longitudinal and transverse resolution under the premise of ensuring the detection sensitivity and higher signal to noise ratio, thereby meeting the detection requirements of various defects on the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the low-temperature liquid nitrogen storage tank.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (8)
1. A probe parameter determining method for detecting defects of the inner surface of an outer cylinder by PAUT comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. establishing a plurality of defect-free test block CIVA models with different thicknesses for sound field simulation according to the wall thickness range of the outer cylinder of the liquid nitrogen storage tank;
b. setting a plurality of different probes to simulate the sound field of the CIVA model of the defect-free test block, and obtaining the parameter configuration of the optimal probe applicable to the test block with different wall thickness through sound field simulation calculation;
c. adding an artificial reflector on the basis of a defect-free test block CIVA model to simulate the defect at the position in an actual workpiece, so as to obtain a defect response simulation test block CIVA model;
d. b, carrying out defect response simulation on the CIVA model of the defect response simulation test block with different thicknesses by adopting the parameter configuration of the optimal probe determined in the step b and combining a plurality of different probes set in the step b as a reference system to obtain the defect echo amplitude and the sound pressure reduction value of the defect echo of the defect response simulation of all the corresponding probes;
e. and d, analyzing the sound pressure reduction value of the defect echo according to the defect echo amplitude and the defect response simulation obtained in the step d to obtain the optimal probe parameter configuration.
2. The method for determining the probe parameters for detecting the defects of the inner surface of the outer cylinder by using the PAUT according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the thickness of the non-defective test block CIVA model is set up into a plurality of test blocks with different thicknesses according to the wall thickness range of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outer cylinder at intervals of the same size, the maximum thickness of the test block is larger than the maximum value of the wall thickness of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outer cylinder, and the minimum thickness of the test block is the same as the minimum value of the wall thickness of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outer cylinder.
3. The method for determining the probe parameters for detecting the defects of the inner surface of the outer cylinder by using the PAUT according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step b, firstly, simulating CIVA model test blocks with the thickness larger than the maximum value of the wall thickness of the outer cylinder of the liquid nitrogen storage tank, obtaining the sound field distribution rules corresponding to different activated wafers when the probe frequency and the line scanning angle are the same, and then simulating the test blocks within the wall thickness range of the outer cylinder of the liquid nitrogen storage tank, and finally obtaining the parameter configuration of the optimal probe for defect response simulation.
4. The method for determining the probe parameters for detecting the defects of the inner surface of the outer cylinder by using the PAUT according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step b, the basic principle of sound field simulation parameter setting is as follows: the full coverage of the ultrasonic beam to the required detection area is ensured, so that the detection area is positioned in the area with the acoustic field energy loss of not more than 6dB on the main acoustic beam.
5. The method for determining the probe parameters for detecting the defects of the inner surface of the outer cylinder by using the PAUT according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step c, the CIVA model of the defect response simulation test block is divided into two types: one type is an internal surface hazard defect, namely, a bottom crack simulation defect test block is established, and the other type is an internal surface non-hazard defect, namely, a bottom corrosion pit simulation defect test block is established.
6. The method for determining the probe parameters for detecting the defects of the inner surface of the outer cylinder by using the PAUT according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step d, when the bottom crack simulation defect test block is detected, a probe is arranged on the outer surface of the test block during detection, ultrasonic waves obliquely enter the test block and are reflected on the bottom surface of the test block, when the bottom surface has crack type harmful defects, the ultrasonic waves generate end angle reflection at the defect positions, and the signals are detected by the probe and form obvious defect display signals;
when the bottom corrosion pit simulation defect test block is detected, a probe is arranged on the outer surface of the test block during detection, an ultrasonic beam vertically enters the test block and is reflected on the bottom surface of the test block, if the bottom surface is defect-free, the depth of a reflected echo is consistent, when the bottom surface has corrosion thinning defects, bottom waves at the defect position are disturbed or offset, and compared with the bottom waves, the bottom waves form obvious defect display signals after the signals are detected by the probe.
7. The method for determining the probe parameters for detecting the defects of the inner surface of the outer cylinder by using the PAUT according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step e, the optimal probe is the probe with the lowest sound pressure reduction and the largest defect echo amplitude.
8. The method for determining the probe parameters for detecting the defects of the inner surface of the outer cylinder by using the PAUT according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the parameters of the probe include probe frequency, number of active wafers, and probe angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311310578.2A CN117607268A (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2023-10-11 | Probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of inner surface of outer cylinder by PAUT |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311310578.2A CN117607268A (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2023-10-11 | Probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of inner surface of outer cylinder by PAUT |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117607268A true CN117607268A (en) | 2024-02-27 |
Family
ID=89954895
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311310578.2A Pending CN117607268A (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2023-10-11 | Probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of inner surface of outer cylinder by PAUT |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117607268A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-10-11 CN CN202311310578.2A patent/CN117607268A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103969341B (en) | The extraordinary probe of Austenitic stainless steel pipe butt girth welding seam ultrasound examination | |
| CN207020131U (en) | Thin-walled tube girth joint phased array ultrasonic detection reference block | |
| CN105938122A (en) | Thin-walled small-diameter tube phased array detection reference block | |
| CN105548353A (en) | Ultrasonic coating detection method | |
| CN108802191B (en) | Water immersion ultrasonic flaw detection method for rolled steel defects | |
| CN107449829A (en) | A kind of butt weld Non-Destructive Testing acceptance method | |
| CN116381052B (en) | Probe parameter determination method for TOFD detection of inner surface defect of outer cylinder | |
| CN107607620B (en) | mooring chain phased array ultrasonic inspection method | |
| CN103529123B (en) | Dual-probe manual ultrasonic detection method | |
| CN106370733B (en) | A kind of quality of welding spot evaluation criterion method for building up based on ultrasonic echo feature | |
| CN111458408A (en) | Method for judging longitudinal defect of small-diameter pipe through ultrasonic guided wave detection | |
| CN101551361A (en) | Device for detecting lamination defect with ultrasonic wall thickness inspection and detecting method thereof | |
| CN208366921U (en) | A kind of reference block of phased array ultrasonic detection scene sensitivity check | |
| CN111458415B (en) | Method for detecting coupling state of ultrasonic phased array transducer and workpiece to be detected | |
| JP6871534B2 (en) | Comparison test piece and ultrasonic phased array flaw detection test method | |
| CN103487509B (en) | Ultrasonic manual longitudinal-longituwavel-longitudinal wavel-longitudinal detection method | |
| CN117607268A (en) | Probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of inner surface of outer cylinder by PAUT | |
| CN110907537A (en) | A-scanning nondestructive testing method for R area of composite culvert casing and tool medium | |
| CN116953084B (en) | Probe parameter determination method for detecting defects of inner surface of outer cylinder by UT | |
| CN112444559B (en) | Method and system for detecting ultrasonic phased array of flange plate of gas production tree/christmas tree | |
| CN112326798B (en) | Ultrasonic detection method for crane T-shaped weld joint region defects | |
| CN203758968U (en) | Ultrasonic-detecting special probe for butt-joint ring welding seam of austenite stainless steel tube | |
| Moles et al. | Pipeline girth weld inspections using ultrasonic phased arrays | |
| CN112213385A (en) | Ultrasonic creeping wave detection method for butt weld of thin-wall section | |
| CN215678227U (en) | Debugging contrast test block for ultrasonic detection of steam turbine retaining ring |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |