CN117606803A - Device and method for testing same-frequency mechanical fatigue of machine body and cylinder head - Google Patents

Device and method for testing same-frequency mechanical fatigue of machine body and cylinder head Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117606803A
CN117606803A CN202311430407.3A CN202311430407A CN117606803A CN 117606803 A CN117606803 A CN 117606803A CN 202311430407 A CN202311430407 A CN 202311430407A CN 117606803 A CN117606803 A CN 117606803A
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China
Prior art keywords
tested
cylinder
crankshaft
processor
cylinder head
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CN202311430407.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李鹏
文洋
赵志强
王浩宇
何晓东
周润天
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China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
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China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
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Priority to CN202311430407.3A priority Critical patent/CN117606803A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/02Details or accessories of testing apparatus

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for testing the same-frequency mechanical fatigue of a machine body and a cylinder head, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the device comprises a body to be tested, a cylinder hole is formed in the body to be tested; the piston is arranged at the inner side of the cylinder hole; the cylinder head to be tested seals the upper end opening of the cylinder hole, and a hydraulic oil cavity is formed between the cylinder head to be tested and the upper end surface of the piston; and one end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the piston, the other end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with a connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, and a main journal of the crankshaft is rotationally connected with the body to be tested. The invention has the beneficial effects that: through one-time fatigue test, the reliability of the body to be tested and the cylinder cover to be tested is tested at the same time, and compared with the current method for respectively checking different tested pieces, the checking time can be shortened by half, and the time cost, the material resource cost and the labor cost are greatly reduced.

Description

Device and method for testing same-frequency mechanical fatigue of machine body and cylinder head
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the same-frequency mechanical fatigue of a machine body and a cylinder head.
Background
The engine body and the cylinder head are core parts in the engine, and as the power of the engine is continuously improved, the mechanical load born by the engine body and the cylinder head is greatly improved, and for the engine body, the main bearing parts are provided with two parts: the cylinder head part mainly bears the pretightening force and the explosion pressure of the cylinder head bolt; and secondly, the diaphragm plate is mainly used for bearing the load of a crankshaft, the load is caused by explosion pressure and inertia force and is transmitted to the machine body diaphragm plate through the crank connecting rod mechanism, and for the cylinder cover, the mechanical load mainly born by the upper end surface of the cylinder cover is the pretightening force of a cylinder cover bolt, and the mechanical load mainly born by the lower end surface of the cylinder cover is the explosion pressure.
In the development flow of the engine, the endurance test verification of the parts is an indispensable key link, on one hand, the reliable operation of the whole engine is provided, on the other hand, the structural strength of the parts per se is verified to meet the design requirement, so in the forward design process, before the whole engine is provided, the parts are required to be arranged for endurance test verification, and the existing fatigue test device and method for the parts of the engine body or the cylinder cover are used for independently developing the fatigue test aiming at the engine body or the cylinder cover, and have the following problems in the test process: first, during the component fatigue test, the rigidity matching effect of the machine body and the cylinder cover connecting structure in the whole machine state cannot be reflected. Because of introducing a nonstandard engine body (fatigue test on a cylinder cover part) or a nonstandard cylinder cover (fatigue test on an engine body part), the pretightening force acting on a tested engine body or a tested cylinder cover is greatly deviated from the state of the whole engine, so that the stress condition of the engine body or the cylinder cover is changed; secondly, as the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum crankshaft bearing load of the engine usually correspond to different crank angle moments, for a conventional engine body mechanical fatigue test device, the test on the engine body cylinder head and the baffle plate can not be realized at the same time through one test; thirdly, the fatigue test of the parts of the machine body and the cylinder head is respectively carried out, the required checking period is long, the number of nonstandard parts is large, and the economy is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a device and a method for testing the same frequency mechanical fatigue of a machine body and a cylinder head, so as to solve at least one of the above problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the first aspect of the invention provides a common-frequency mechanical fatigue test device for a machine body and a cylinder head, which comprises:
the device comprises a body to be tested, a cylinder hole is formed in the body to be tested;
the piston is arranged at the inner side of the cylinder hole;
the cylinder head to be tested seals the upper end opening of the cylinder hole, and a hydraulic oil cavity is formed between the cylinder head to be tested and the upper end surface of the piston;
and one end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the piston, the other end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with a connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, and a main journal of the crankshaft is rotationally connected with the body to be tested.
Further, a cylinder gasket is arranged between the cylinder cover to be tested and the machine body to be tested;
the cylinder cover to be tested is detachably connected with the machine body to be tested through a first connecting bolt.
Further, a cylinder sleeve is arranged in the cylinder hole, the piston is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder sleeve, a plurality of annular mounting grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the piston, and sealing rings are arranged in the annular mounting grooves.
Further, a connecting column is fixedly arranged on the cylinder cover to be tested, and an oil filling hole which is in communication with the hydraulic oil cavity is formed in the connecting column;
one end of the oil filling hole is communicated with the hydraulic oil cavity, and the other end of the oil filling hole is communicated with hydraulic oil equipment.
Furthermore, the types of the connecting rods are various, and the connecting rods with different types are different in length and are suitable for the machine bodies to be tested with different specifications;
the type of the crankshaft is multiple, the distances between the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshafts of different types are different, and the crankshaft is suitable for the machine bodies to be tested of different specifications.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for applying the same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device of the machine body and the cylinder head of the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a connecting rod with corresponding length and a crankshaft with corresponding model according to the maximum value of combustion pressure and the maximum load force of a crankshaft bearing, rotating the crankshaft to fix the distance between a piston pin and a main journal, radially limiting the crankshaft to prevent the crankshaft from rotating, and fixing the installation angle of the connecting rod journal;
s2, connecting the cylinder cover to be tested and the body to be tested by using connecting bolts;
s3, injecting hydraulic oil with the same pressure as the maximum value of combustion pressure into the hydraulic oil cavity, wherein the component force of the connecting rod in the vertical direction is the maximum value of the combustion pressure;
s4, repeating the steps S1-S3 until the body to be tested is damaged or the cylinder cover to be tested is damaged or the specified test times are reached.
Further, the pretightening force of the first connecting bolt in the step S2 is pretightening force of the engine design.
A third aspect of the invention provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor for storing instructions executable by the processor for performing the method of the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a server comprising at least one processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the method of the first aspect.
A fifth aspect of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the method of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device and method for the machine body and the cylinder head have the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device for the machine body and the cylinder head, disclosed by the invention, the reliability of the machine body to be tested and the cylinder head to be tested is tested through one-time fatigue test, so that compared with the current method for respectively checking different tested pieces, the checking time is shortened by half, and the time cost, the material resource cost and the labor cost are greatly reduced.
(2) According to the same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device for the engine body and the cylinder head, in the pre-tightening process of the cylinder head to be tested in the component fatigue test, the engine body to be tested, the cylinder head to be tested and the connecting bolt I are parts for the whole machine, so that the rigidity of a connecting system of the connecting bolt I is consistent with that of the whole machine, the pre-tightening force of the connecting bolt I in the fatigue test is the pre-tightening force of the engine design, the pre-tightening force of the cylinder head bolt bearing the engine body to be tested and the cylinder head to be tested in the component fatigue test process is consistent with that of the whole machine, and the stress condition of the engine body and the cylinder head in the whole machine work is more truly reflected.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. cylinder heads to be tested; 2. a cylinder gasket; 3. a body to be tested; 4. a piston; 5. a connecting rod; 6. a connecting rod journal; 7. a main journal; 8. a main bearing cap; 9. a second connecting bolt; 10. a cylinder liner; 11. a piston pin; 12. a seal ring; 13. a first connecting bolt; 14. a connecting column; 15. and an oil filling hole.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Embodiment one:
an engine block and cylinder head same frequency mechanical fatigue test device, comprising:
the machine body 3 to be tested is provided with a cylinder hole;
the piston 4 is arranged at the inner side of the cylinder hole;
the cylinder cover 1 to be tested is used for sealing an upper end opening of a cylinder hole, and a hydraulic oil cavity is formed between the cylinder cover 1 to be tested and the upper end surface of the piston 4;
and one end of the connecting rod 5 is rotationally connected with the piston 4, the other end of the connecting rod 5 is rotationally connected with a connecting rod journal 6 of a crankshaft, and a main journal 7 of the crankshaft is rotationally connected with the body 3 to be tested.
A cylinder gasket 2 is arranged between the cylinder cover 1 to be tested and the body 3 to be tested;
the cylinder cover 1 to be tested is detachably connected with the body 3 to be tested through a first connecting bolt 13.
The cylinder hole is internally provided with a cylinder sleeve 10, the piston 4 is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder sleeve 10, the outer side wall of the piston 4 is provided with a plurality of annular mounting grooves, and a sealing ring 12 is arranged in each annular mounting groove.
A connecting column 14 is fixedly arranged on the cylinder cover 1 to be tested, and an oil filling hole 15 which is in communication with the hydraulic oil cavity is formed in the connecting column 14;
one end of the oil filling hole 15 is communicated with the hydraulic oil cavity, and the other end is communicated with hydraulic oil equipment.
The types of the connecting rods 5 are various, and the connecting rods 5 with different types have different lengths, so that the connecting rod is suitable for the machine bodies 3 to be tested with different specifications;
the types of crankshafts are various, and the distances between the main journal 7 and the connecting rod journal 6 of the crankshafts of different types are different, so that the device is suitable for the machine body 3 to be tested of different specifications.
The common-frequency mechanical fatigue test method for the engine body and the cylinder head comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a connecting rod 5 with corresponding length and a crankshaft with corresponding model according to the maximum value of combustion pressure and the maximum load force of a crankshaft bearing, rotating the crankshaft to fix the distance between a piston 4 pin and a main journal 7, radially limiting the crankshaft to prevent the crankshaft from rotating, and fixing the installation angle of a connecting rod journal 6;
s2, connecting the cylinder cover 1 to be tested and the body 3 to be tested by using a first connecting bolt 13;
s3, injecting hydraulic oil with the same pressure as the maximum value of combustion pressure into the hydraulic oil cavity, wherein the component force of the connecting rod 5 in the vertical direction is the maximum value of the combustion pressure;
s4, repeating the steps S1-S3 until the body 3 to be tested is damaged or the cylinder cover 1 to be tested is damaged or the specified test times are reached.
The pretightening force of the first connecting bolt 13 in the S2 is the pretightening force of the engine design.
Through a one-time fatigue test, the reliability of the body 3 to be tested and the cylinder cover 1 to be tested is tested at the same time, and compared with the current method for respectively checking different tested pieces, the checking time can be shortened by half, and the time cost, the material resource cost and the labor cost are greatly reduced.
In the pre-tightening process of the cylinder cover 1 to be tested in the component fatigue test, the body 3 to be tested, the cylinder cover 1 to be tested and the first connecting bolt 13 are parts for the whole machine, so that the rigidity of a connecting system of the first connecting bolt 13 is consistent with that of the whole machine, the pre-tightening force of the first connecting bolt 13 in the fatigue test is the pre-tightening force of the engine design, the pre-tightening force of the cylinder cover bolt born by the body 3 to be tested and the cylinder cover 1 to be tested in the component fatigue test process is consistent with that of the whole machine, and the stress condition of the body and the cylinder cover in the whole machine work is more truly reflected.
The installation angle of the connecting rod journal 6 during the component fatigue test is determined by adopting the distances from the axes of the connecting rod 5 and the connecting rod journal 6 with different lengths to the axis of the main journal 7 so as to meet the dynamic relation of a crank connecting rod 5 mechanism, realize the purpose that the loading pressure in a cylinder and the bearing of a crankshaft shaft are the same as the maximum value, and further realize the purpose that the cylinder head, the engine body cylinder head part and the partition plate part are simultaneously checked by developing one-time component fatigue test.
The mounting angles of the connecting rod journals 6 during fatigue tests are determined through the connecting rods 5 with different types and crankshafts with different types, so that the real maximum crankshaft bearing load can be simulated, and the reliability of the machine body partition plate can be checked.
Embodiment two:
an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor for storing processor-executable instructions, the processor for performing the method of the first embodiment.
Embodiment III:
a server comprising at least one processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the method of embodiment one.
Embodiment four:
a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the method of embodiment one.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and description.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a organism and cylinder head same frequency mechanical fatigue test device which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a body to be tested (3), wherein a cylinder hole is formed in the body to be tested (3);
a piston (4), the piston (4) being mounted inside the cylinder bore;
the cylinder cover (1) to be tested seals an upper end opening of a cylinder hole, and a hydraulic oil cavity is formed between the cylinder cover (1) to be tested and the upper end surface of the piston (4);
and one end of the connecting rod (5) is rotationally connected with the piston (4), the other end of the connecting rod (5) is rotationally connected with a connecting rod journal (6) of the crankshaft, and a main journal (7) of the crankshaft is rotationally connected with the body (3) to be tested.
2. The same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device for a machine body and a cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: a cylinder gasket (2) is arranged between the cylinder cover (1) to be tested and the body (3) to be tested;
the cylinder cover (1) to be tested is detachably connected with the machine body (3) to be tested through a first connecting bolt (13).
3. The same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device for a machine body and a cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: the cylinder hole is internally provided with a cylinder sleeve (10), the piston (4) is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder sleeve (10), the outer side wall of the piston (4) is provided with a plurality of annular mounting grooves, and a sealing ring (12) is arranged in each annular mounting groove.
4. The same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device for a machine body and a cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: a connecting column (14) is fixedly arranged on the cylinder cover (1) to be tested, and an oil injection hole (15) which is in communication with the hydraulic oil cavity is formed in the connecting column (14);
one end of the oil filling hole (15) is communicated with the hydraulic oil cavity, and the other end of the oil filling hole is communicated with hydraulic oil equipment.
5. The same-frequency mechanical fatigue test device for a machine body and a cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: the types of the connecting rods (5) are various, and the connecting rods (5) with different types are different in length and are suitable for the machine bodies (3) to be tested with different specifications;
the type of the crankshaft is multiple, the distances between the main journal (7) and the connecting rod journal (6) of the crankshafts of different types are different, and the crankshaft is suitable for the machine bodies (3) to be tested of different specifications.
6. A method of using the machine body and cylinder head co-frequency mechanical fatigue testing device according to any of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
s1, selecting a connecting rod (5) with corresponding length and a crankshaft with corresponding model according to the maximum value of combustion pressure and the maximum load force of a crankshaft bearing, rotating the crankshaft to fix the distance between a pin of a piston (4) and a main journal (7), radially limiting the crankshaft to prevent the crankshaft from rotating, and fixing the installation angle of the connecting rod journal (6);
s2, connecting the cylinder cover (1) to be tested with the machine body (3) to be tested by using a first connecting bolt (13);
s3, injecting hydraulic oil with the same pressure as the maximum value of combustion pressure into the hydraulic oil cavity, wherein the component force of the connecting rod (5) in the vertical direction is the maximum value of the combustion pressure;
s4, repeating the steps S1-S3 until the body (3) to be tested is damaged or the cylinder cover (1) to be tested is damaged or the specified test times are reached.
7. The method for testing the same-frequency mechanical fatigue of a machine body and a cylinder head according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pretightening force of the first connecting bolt (13) in the S2 is pretightening force of the engine design.
8. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor for storing processor-executable instructions, characterized in that: the processor is adapted to perform the method of any of the preceding claims 6-7.
9. A server, characterized by: comprising at least one processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executable by the processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any of claims 6-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 6-7.
CN202311430407.3A 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Device and method for testing same-frequency mechanical fatigue of machine body and cylinder head Pending CN117606803A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311430407.3A CN117606803A (en) 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Device and method for testing same-frequency mechanical fatigue of machine body and cylinder head

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311430407.3A CN117606803A (en) 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Device and method for testing same-frequency mechanical fatigue of machine body and cylinder head

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117606803A true CN117606803A (en) 2024-02-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311430407.3A Pending CN117606803A (en) 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Device and method for testing same-frequency mechanical fatigue of machine body and cylinder head

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117606803A (en)

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