CN117602056A - Gas jet control device of rudder-free airship and rudder-free airship - Google Patents

Gas jet control device of rudder-free airship and rudder-free airship Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117602056A
CN117602056A CN202311866102.7A CN202311866102A CN117602056A CN 117602056 A CN117602056 A CN 117602056A CN 202311866102 A CN202311866102 A CN 202311866102A CN 117602056 A CN117602056 A CN 117602056A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
jet
air
hard
control device
cavity structure
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Pending
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CN202311866102.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
阮远
张平
杨文涛
来琪
欧阳自强
彭苗
刘思飏
张裕
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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Priority to CN202311866102.7A priority Critical patent/CN117602056A/en
Publication of CN117602056A publication Critical patent/CN117602056A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/36—Arrangement of jet reaction apparatus for propulsion or directional control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/20—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships provided with wings or stabilising surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircrafts, and relates to a gas jet control device of a rudder-free airship and the rudder-free airship. The control device comprises: jet air bag, air inlet fan and hard jet air cavity structure; separate jet air bags are arranged at the tail part of the boat body in a separated way; an air inlet fan is arranged on the jet air bag, and a hard jet air cavity structure is arranged at the rear edge of the tail wing; the hard jet air cavity structure is internally provided with an air cavity, the hard jet air cavity structure is connected with the surface of the jet air bag, and an air inlet of the hard jet air cavity structure is communicated with the inside of the jet air bag.

Description

Gas jet control device of rudder-free airship and rudder-free airship
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aircrafts, and relates to a gas jet control device of a rudder-free airship and the rudder-free airship.
Background
An airship is an aircraft filled with lighter-than-air gas, propelled by propeller power and maneuvered through a vector power system and tail wing. The airship has the advantages of simple configuration, long reserved time, high hovering capability, good safety performance, low fuel consumption rate, large carrying capacity, small noise, stable flight, simple landing sites and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of air cargo transportation, manned tour sightseeing, reconnaissance detection and the like. The main body configuration of the airship mainly comprises a soft airship body filled with helium and air and a tail wing. The working atmosphere area of the airship is divided into a troposphere airship and a stratosphere airship. The requirements of the troposphere airship on cruising flight and maneuvering in a complicated and changeable wind field environment of the troposphere are higher than those of the troposphere airship, and the troposphere airship mainly adopts a hard rudder tail wing at present; the steering engine transmission device, the cable circuit, the framework structure and the like are arranged in the hard rudder-equipped tail wing, the structure is relatively complex, the manufacturing and processing process requirements of all parts are high, and the whole weight of the tail wing is relatively large due to a large number of structural components. When the hard rudder tail fin is assembled with the boat body, the soft boat body contact part is easy to deform due to extrusion of the hard tail fin, and the installation angle deviation is about 5 degrees, so that the whole assembly accuracy of the tail fin is poor. When the airship flies at a low speed (V <10 m/s), aerodynamic force on the hard rudder-mounted tail wing is reduced due to the reduction of the speed, and the tail wing steering moment is correspondingly reduced, so that the rudder-mounted tail wing steering efficiency is lower. Although the stratospheric airship adopts soft control without control surfaces, the tail fin only plays a role in downstream providing full-boat stability in a wind field with relatively stable stratosphere.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems of complex internal structure, large weight, poor assembly precision with a soft type airship body, low operating efficiency and the like of a hard type airship, the integrated design of the soft type airship body and the empennage is developed, and the tail air bag is converted into an air source design, so that the technical scheme of controlling the air jet of the rudder-free soft type empennage airship is developed.
The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, there is provided a rudder-less airship gas jet control device comprising: jet air bag, air inlet fan and hard jet air cavity structure;
separate jet air bags are arranged at the tail part of the boat body in a separated way; an air inlet fan is arranged on the jet air bag, and a hard jet air cavity structure is arranged at the rear edge of the tail wing; the hard jet air cavity structure is internally provided with an air cavity, the hard jet air cavity structure is connected with the surface of the jet air bag, and an air inlet of the hard jet air cavity structure is communicated with the inside of the jet air bag.
Further, the hard jet air cavity structure comprises: the device comprises a pressure stabilizing air passage, an array flow guide grating and a seam passage;
the rear edge of the tail wing is provided with two parallel pressure-stabilizing air passages, an air inlet of each pressure-stabilizing air passage is communicated with the inside of the jet air bag, an array flow-guiding grating is arranged at the rear side of each pressure-stabilizing air passage along the tail wing, the array flow-guiding grating is turned outwards, and the gap between the tail end and the air outlet is gradually reduced; the pressure stabilizing air passage, the array diversion grating and the cavity inside the seam passage form an air cavity of the hard jet air cavity structure.
Further, the middle longitudinal partition baffle plate of the jet air bag divides the air cavity into a bilateral symmetry mode, and each corresponding pressure-stabilizing air passage.
Further, the control device further includes: the jet control valve is arranged at the air inlet position of the pressure-stabilizing air passage and is used for isolating the pressure-stabilizing air passage from the jet air bag and can only regulate the air quantity through the opening of the jet control valve;
the size of the opening of the jet flow control valve and the flow are regulated, so that the gas in the air bag can enter the pressure-stabilizing air passage, and then the gas is rectified and guided through the array grating, and the gas is uniformly and orderly ejected out of the seam passage at a specific speed;
the airship fly-by-wire control module is connected with the jet control valve through a circuit, so that independent adjustment and opening and closing of 2 valves are realized, and the jet speed and direction are controlled.
Further, the jet air bags are arranged at 10% of the coxswain position at the tail of the boat body in a separated mode by adopting a composite material skin.
Further, height H of air cavity q Height H with tail wing T The relationship of (2) is: h q ＝95％H T ；
The length of each section air cavity is 10% of the chord length of the wing profile of the section of the boat body, and the width of the designed jet flow slot is less than or equal to 5mm.
Furthermore, the hard jet air cavity structure and the jet air bag are fixedly connected in a cementing mode, and a jet control valve is arranged at the connecting part of the bottom.
In a second aspect, there is provided a rudder-less airship comprising:
the rudder-less airship gas jet control device of any one of the first aspects;
a hull;
and (3) designing a boat body and an empennage integrated cutting piece.
The beneficial effects are that: the rudder-free airship gas jet control technology can replace control of a control surface by jet control, so that the airship operating efficiency is improved by about 20%; the tail structure parts are simplified, so that the tail weight is reduced by about 90%; the tail space of the inflatable airship is used as a jet air source, so that an independent air pipeline device is avoided being installed; the manufacturing and mounting process difficulty of the tail wing is reduced through the integral cutting piece forming of the tail wing of the boat body, so that the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced, and the method has commercial and military applications.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rudder-less airship.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a gas jet control device for a rudder-less airship.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hard jet air cavity structure.
Detailed Description
Jet control systems are commonly used for the assisted steering of aircraft, and their principle is to open jet holes on the airfoil near the trailing edge, form high pressure air flow in the internal cavity of the airfoil and generate jets tangentially along the object plane through orifices, which, after mixing with the outflow, form the Coanda effect along the curved circular trailing edge surface, increasing the annular volume by increasing the object plane velocity and streamline path, thereby increasing the lift and moment on the airfoil. The whole jet control system needs to be provided with a complete bleed air source jet gas pipeline and the like; the bleed air is generally derived from an aircraft engine or a special air source engine, a jet pipeline is required to be continuously paved from the engine to the rear part of a flap or a tail wing and is dispersed into a plurality of small pipelines along jet holes, and the pipeline structure is complex and long; the whole jet control system not only needs to occupy part of the power of the aircraft, but also increases the design complexity and the structural weight of the system to a certain extent. Based on this, in addition to some aircraft with extremely high demands on lift and handling, jet control systems are rarely available for general aircraft, and its design is more rarely applied to floating aircraft such as airships. The air jet control system is arranged on the soft tail wing, so that the airship has better maneuvering performance, and a simpler soft non-rudder tail wing can be adopted, thereby expanding the application range of the soft tail wing airship in the whole atmospheric space.
The invention provides a rudder-free airship gas jet control device, as shown in figures 2-3, comprising: jet air bag, air inlet fan and hard jet air cavity structure;
separate jet air bags are arranged at the tail part of the boat body in a separated way; an air inlet fan is arranged on the jet air bag, and a hard jet air cavity structure is arranged at the rear edge of the tail wing; the hard jet air cavity structure is internally provided with an air cavity, the hard jet air cavity structure is connected with the surface of the jet air bag, and an air inlet of the hard jet air cavity structure is communicated with the inside of the jet air bag.
Further, the hard jet air cavity structure comprises: the device comprises a pressure stabilizing air passage, an array flow guide grating and a seam passage;
the rear edge of the tail wing is provided with two parallel pressure-stabilizing air passages, an air inlet of each pressure-stabilizing air passage is communicated with the inside of the jet air bag, an array flow-guiding grating is arranged at the rear side of each pressure-stabilizing air passage along the tail wing, the array flow-guiding grating is turned outwards, and the gap between the tail end and the air outlet is gradually reduced; the pressure stabilizing air passage, the array diversion grating and the cavity inside the seam passage form an air cavity of the hard jet air cavity structure.
The empennage is made of soft skin composite fabric material which is the same as the hull, so that the design of the hull and the empennage integrated cutting piece can be realized, the separate design and processing of a conventional hard empennage and the hull are avoided, the empennage manufacturing process is simplified, and the integral processing and forming degree of the whole boat is improved; the two can adopt a unified heat seal connection mode, and the connection mode that the bottom of the hard tail wing and the surface of the soft boat body are bound through series accessories and ropes is avoided, so that the fastening degree of connection between the components and the positioning precision of the tail wing arrangement are improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the rudder-free airship mainly comprises a airship body, a tail wing 1, a hard jet air cavity structure 4, a jet air bag 2, an air inlet fan 3, a jet control valve 9 and other components.
At the hull tail 10% of the coxswain (L B ) The position adopts a composite material skin to separate and arrange individual jet air bags, and air is sucked into the air bags through an air inlet fan below the tail part to serve as an air source. The jet air bag utilizes the boat to embody space, does not increase a separate air entraining device comprising an air entraining engine, an air storage tank, an air pipeline and the like required by a common airplane, simplifies the composition of a jet control system, further lightens the structural weight of the system and the arrangement space of the system, and further reduces the application difficulty of the jet control system on floating aircrafts such as airships and the like.
And the rear edge of each fin is provided with a light integrated carbon fiber hard jet air cavity structure provided with an array diversion grid. Air cavity structure height (H) q ) Height of tail wing (H) T ) Is H in relation to q ＝95％H T . Length of each cross-section air cavity (L q ) The longitudinal partition baffle plate in the middle of the air cavity structure divides the air cavity into a bilateral symmetry mode accounting for 10% of the chord length of the section airfoil profile, and the jet flow slot width H is designed b Less than or equal to 5mm. The structure carries out jet pressure stabilization on jet gas through the air cavity to ensure that jet has enough pressure (P b )。
The array-type flow-guiding grating now rectifies the jet flow, ensures that the gas is uniformly and orderly ejected from the jet slit along the direction parallel to the grating, and the jet velocity (V b ) Achieve a local airflow velocity (V) even exceeding the tail trailing edge of a conventional airship when cruising L )。
The hard jet air cavity structure and the jet air bag are fixedly connected in a cementing mode, and 2 jet control valves with the diameter (phi) of the bottom of 50mm and the weight (W) of 100g are arranged at the connecting part of the bottom. The airship fly-by-wire control module is connected with the jet control valve through a circuit, so that independent adjustment and opening and closing of 2 valves are realized, and the jet speed and direction are controlled.
When the rudder-free airship adopting the gas jet control technology is used for gesture control, the opening sizes and the flow rates of 2 jet control valves 9 connected with the air bags 2 at the bottom of the hard jet air cavity structure 4 in the corresponding tail wing are independently regulated according to the control strategy, so that the gas in the air bags 9 can enter a pressure stabilizing air passage 7, then the gas is rectified and guided through an array grid 6, and the gas is uniformly and orderly ejected out of a slot passage 8 according to a specific speed, thereby realizing control of the ring quantity of the tail wing, causing the change of lifting force and moment of the tail wing, and further completing control of the airship.

Claims (8)

1. A rudder-less airship gas jet control device, comprising: jet air bag, air inlet fan and hard jet air cavity structure;
separate jet air bags are arranged at the tail part of the boat body in a separated way; an air inlet fan is arranged on the jet air bag, and a hard jet air cavity structure is arranged at the rear edge of the tail wing; the hard jet air cavity structure is internally provided with an air cavity, the hard jet air cavity structure is connected with the surface of the jet air bag, and an air inlet of the hard jet air cavity structure is communicated with the inside of the jet air bag.
2. The control device of claim 1, wherein the hard jet air cavity structure comprises: the device comprises a pressure stabilizing air passage, an array flow guide grating and a seam passage;
the rear edge of the tail wing is provided with two parallel pressure-stabilizing air passages, an air inlet of each pressure-stabilizing air passage is communicated with the inside of the jet air bag, an array flow-guiding grating is arranged at the rear side of each pressure-stabilizing air passage along the tail wing, the array flow-guiding grating is turned outwards, and the gap between the tail end and the air outlet is gradually reduced; the pressure stabilizing air passage, the array diversion grating and the cavity inside the seam passage form an air cavity of the hard jet air cavity structure.
3. A control device according to claim 2, wherein the jet air bag middle longitudinal partition baffle divides the air chamber into a bilateral symmetry, one for each pressure stabilizing air passage.
4. The control device according to claim 2, characterized in that the control device further comprises: the jet control valve is arranged at the air inlet position of the pressure-stabilizing air passage and is used for isolating the pressure-stabilizing air passage from the jet air bag and can only regulate the air quantity through the opening of the jet control valve;
the size of the opening of the jet flow control valve and the flow are regulated, so that the gas in the air bag can enter the pressure-stabilizing air passage, and then the gas is rectified and guided through the array grating, and the gas is uniformly and orderly ejected out of the seam passage at a specific speed;
the airship fly-by-wire control module is connected with the jet control valve through a circuit, so that independent adjustment and opening and closing of 2 valves are realized, and the jet speed and direction are controlled.
5. The control device of claim 1 wherein the jet air cells are spaced apart using a composite skin at a 10% coxswain position at the aft portion of the hull.
6. A control device according to claim 3, characterized in that the height H of the air chamber q Height H with tail wing T The relationship of (2) is: h q ＝95％H T ；
The length of each section air cavity is 10% of the chord length of the wing profile of the section of the boat body, and the width of the designed jet flow slot is less than or equal to 5mm.
7. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the hard jet air cavity structure and the jet air bag are fixedly connected in a cementing mode, and the jet control valve is arranged at the connecting position of the bottom.
8. A rudder-less airship comprising:
a rudder-less airship gas jet control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
a hull;
and (3) designing a boat body and an empennage integrated cutting piece.
CN202311866102.7A 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Gas jet control device of rudder-free airship and rudder-free airship Pending CN117602056A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311866102.7A CN117602056A (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Gas jet control device of rudder-free airship and rudder-free airship

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311866102.7A CN117602056A (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Gas jet control device of rudder-free airship and rudder-free airship

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117602056A true CN117602056A (en) 2024-02-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311866102.7A Pending CN117602056A (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Gas jet control device of rudder-free airship and rudder-free airship

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117602056A (en)

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