CN117600843B - Tube type heat exchanger assembly equipment and application method - Google Patents
Tube type heat exchanger assembly equipment and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117600843B CN117600843B CN202311697476.0A CN202311697476A CN117600843B CN 117600843 B CN117600843 B CN 117600843B CN 202311697476 A CN202311697476 A CN 202311697476A CN 117600843 B CN117600843 B CN 117600843B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
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Abstract
The invention provides a tube type heat exchanger assembling device and an application method thereof, wherein the tube type heat exchanger assembling device comprises a machine body, a lifting frame, a reaming mechanism, a supporting frame, a welding mechanism and a laser calibration instrument, wherein the lifting frame is arranged on the machine body, and a containing cavity is arranged between the lifting frame and the machine body; the reaming mechanism is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is in sliding connection with the lifting frame; the support frame is arranged on the lifting frame and is used for supporting the heat exchange tube; the welding mechanism is arranged at the side part of the machine body; the laser calibration instrument is arranged on the lifting frame and is positioned at the bottom of the supporting frame; according to the structure, the support frame in the assembly equipment can support the heat exchange tube, and meanwhile, the support frame and the reaming mechanism can be driven to conduct lifting adjustment, so that the heat exchange tube is conveniently penetrated and reamed manually, the equipment does not need to be replaced frequently, and the assembly efficiency can be improved; the laser calibration instrument can divide the area of the plate surface of the heat exchanger tube plate, and further facilitates reaming and welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a tube type heat exchanger assembly device and an application method.
Background
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger mainly comprises a shell, a scraping plate, a baffle plate, heat exchange tubes and the like, wherein the tube plate is used for sealing the shell and is connected with the heat exchange tubes. The shell and tube heat exchanger mainly relies on the contact of the tube wall of the heat exchange tube and the medium in the shell to realize the heat exchange between the medium in the heat exchange tube and the medium in the shell, is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments, and is the most widely applied heat exchanger type.
In the assembling process of the tube type heat exchanger, the method mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, a shell is required to be prepared, the shell is of a cylindrical structure, then a baffle plate and a tube plate are required to be positioned, positioning tubes are penetrated between the baffle plate and the tube plate, spot welding is carried out for fixation, positioning between the baffle plates is realized, and finally, a heat exchange tube is installed.
When the heat exchange tube is installed, there are two modes, one is that after the tube plate and the baffle plate are positioned, the heat exchange tube is installed outside the shell, and the other is that after the tube plate and the baffle plate are positioned, the heat exchange tube is assembled into the shell, and then the heat exchange tube is installed one by one, and after the heat exchange tube is installed, procedures such as welding, reaming and the like are needed to ensure that the heat exchange tube is tightly matched with the tube plate.
In the assembly process of the heat exchange tube, a plurality of special devices are needed, for example, some components such as a lifting appliance, an auxiliary bracket, a welding machine, a reamer and the like are used, and as each procedure is completed by different devices, the devices need to enter and exit an assembly site in turn, so that the assembly efficiency is affected;
The invention discloses automatic assembly equipment for a heat exchange tube of a marine heat exchanger, which relates to the field of ship processing equipment and comprises a fixed tool, a frame, a base, a press-fitting mechanism, an expanding mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism.
In the above technical solution, the press-fitting mechanism is used for press-fitting the heat exchange tube, and the expansion mechanism is provided for expansion-jointing the heat exchange tube and the tube plate, however, the press-fitting mechanism is only suitable for assembly work of heat exchangers with small tube diameters and small tube passes, and the heat exchange tube of a large-scale heat exchanger cannot be automatically assembled through the mechanism, because the heat exchange tube of the large-scale heat exchanger is long, a pipe penetrating is usually needed after the baffle plate and the tube plate are installed in the shell, and a guide is also needed to be manually installed on the heat exchange tube before the pipe penetrating, therefore, if a mechanical assembly method is adopted, the required mechanical volume is large, and the assembly efficiency may be lower than that of manual assembly, so that the assembly equipment of the heat exchanger is needed, which can improve the manual assembly efficiency and reduce the manual labor intensity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a tube type heat exchanger assembling device and an assembling method capable of saving manpower and remarkably improving the assembling efficiency of a heat exchange tube, so as to solve the problems that in the prior art, when the heat exchange tube is assembled, a plurality of devices are required to enter and exit a field to influence the assembling efficiency, and the large heat exchanger is not suitable for being assembled by adopting automatic equipment.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides a tube type heat exchanger assembling device, which comprises a machine body, a lifting frame, a reaming mechanism, a supporting frame, a welding mechanism and a laser calibration instrument, wherein,
The lifting frame is arranged on the machine body, and a containing cavity is arranged between the lifting frame and the machine body;
The reaming mechanism is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is in sliding connection with the lifting frame;
the support frame is arranged on the lifting frame and is used for supporting the heat exchange tube;
the welding mechanism is arranged at the side part of the machine body;
the laser calibration instrument is arranged on the lifting frame and is positioned at the bottom of the supporting frame.
On the basis of the technical proposal, preferably, the supporting frame comprises a stand column, a supporting tubular beam and a baffle plate, wherein,
The two upright posts are arranged on one side of the lifting frame far away from the machine body in parallel, and are perpendicular to the lifting frame;
The support tube beams are provided with a plurality of support tube beams, and two ends of each support tube beam are detachably connected with one upright post to form a plurality of through holes;
The baffle is connected with the upright post and the lifting frame, and the baffle is positioned on one side of the laser calibration instrument.
On the basis of the technical proposal, preferably, the supporting frame comprises a positioning rod and a positioning plate, wherein,
The upright post is a square hollow upright post, and a plurality of slots are formed in the upright post;
the positioning rod is arranged in one of the upright posts, and penetrates through the inner cavity of the upright post;
The positioning plate is arranged on the outer wall of the other upright post, and the positioning plate is parallel to the bottom wall of the slot;
The first positioning groove is formed in one end of the supporting pipe beam, the first positioning groove is connected with the positioning rod in a clamping mode, and the other end of the supporting pipe beam is connected with the positioning plate in series through the bolts.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the support tube beam comprises a plate body and a plug, wherein,
The plate body is a square hollow pipe, and a round chamfer is arranged on the edge of the plate body in the length direction;
The plug is inserted into one end of the plate body, and the first positioning groove is formed in the plug.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the upright post preferably comprises an upright post body, a bottom turning plate and a side turning plate which are of an integrated structure, the slot is formed by turning the bottom turning plate and the side turning plate into the upright post body, wherein,
The two opposite wall surfaces of the upright post body are respectively provided with a bottom turning plate and a side turning plate, the bottom turning plates are used for supporting the support and the protection of the tubular beams, and the side turning plates are used for supporting the limit and the protection of the tubular beams;
The end of the bottom turning plate, which is positioned at the upright post, is provided with a second positioning groove which is clamped with the positioning rod.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the slot is a rectangular hole, and the slot is provided with two side edges parallel to the length direction of the upright post and a transverse edge perpendicular to the length direction of the upright post;
the bottom turning plate is cut at a transverse edge far away from the lifting frame and turned over towards the inside of the upright post body.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the support frame comprises a clamping plate, the clamping plate is connected with the end part of the positioning rod, and the clamping plate is folded to support the outer wall of the upright post.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the reaming mechanism preferably comprises an optical axis, a cradle head, a motor, a flexible shaft and a reamer, wherein,
The optical axis is arranged on the support frame;
the cradle head is connected with the optical axis in a sliding way;
the motor is arranged on the cradle head;
One end of the flexible shaft is connected with an output shaft of the motor;
a reamer is connected to the other end of the flexible shaft.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the welding mechanism preferably comprises a carrier, an air storage tank and a welding machine, wherein,
The carrier is arranged at one side of the machine body;
the gas storage tank and the welding machine are arranged on the carrier.
On the other hand, the invention provides a heat exchanger assembling method, which is applied to the tube type heat exchanger assembling equipment and comprises the following steps of:
S1, supporting one end of a heat exchange tube through a supporting frame, and lifting the other end of the heat exchange tube through a lifting appliance;
s2, penetrating the heat exchange tubes into the tube plates and the baffle plates of the heat exchanger one by one;
s3, calibrating the plate surface of the tube plate by using a laser calibration instrument, and dividing the tube plate surface into a plurality of areas;
S4, under the guidance of light rays of the laser calibration instrument, the end part of the heat exchange tube and the tube plate are welded and fixed through a welding mechanism;
S5, reaming the end part of the heat exchange tube through a reaming mechanism, so that the heat exchange tube is guaranteed to be tightly matched with the tube plate.
Compared with the prior art, the tubular heat exchanger assembly equipment and the application method have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The assembly equipment is integrated with the support frame, the reaming mechanism and the welding mechanism, wherein the support frame can support the heat exchange tube, and meanwhile, the support frame and the reaming mechanism can be driven to conduct lifting adjustment, so that the heat exchange tube is conveniently penetrated and reamed manually, after the heat exchange tube is inserted, the welding mechanism is used for welding, and the reaming mechanism is used for reaming the heat exchange tube, so that the equipment is not required to be replaced frequently, and the assembly efficiency can be improved; the laser calibration instrument can divide the area of the plate surface of the heat exchanger tube plate, so that the hole expansion and welding work are further facilitated, and the problem that the structural strength is influenced by stress caused by error welding lines is solved;
(2) The supporting tube beams in the supporting frame are detachably connected with the upright posts, and the supporting tube beams are provided with a plurality of supporting tube beams, so that the gaps between the two supporting tube beams can be adjusted by disassembling and assembling the supporting tube beams, so that the supporting tube beams are suitable for supporting requirements of heat exchange tubes of different types, and the assembling work of the heat exchange tubes of various heat exchangers is facilitated; the laser calibration instrument is arranged on the lifting frame and is positioned at the bottom of the supporting frame, and the supporting frame is provided with a baffle plate which can protect the laser calibration instrument and can avoid damage to the laser calibration instrument when the heat pipe is replaced on the supporting frame;
(3) In the installation of the support pipe beam, one end of the support pipe beam is positioned through a positioning rod, and the other end of the support pipe beam is positioned through a positioning plate matched bolt, wherein the positioning rod is arranged in one upright post;
(4) The supporting tube beam comprises a plate body and a plug, which is beneficial to avoiding bending deformation of the supporting tube beam caused by collision and other factors in the process of inserting the supporting tube beam with the upright post, so that the supporting effect of the supporting tube beam is ensured, and meanwhile, the edge of the supporting tube beam is provided with a round chamfer, so that bending deformation of the heat exchange tube caused by collision of the heat exchange tube can be avoided;
(5) The slot for supporting the tubular beam to be spliced on the upright is formed by turning the middle bottom turning plate and the side turning plate of the upright body into the upright body, and the bottom turning plate is provided with a second positioning slot and is clamped with the positioning rod in the upright body;
(6) The slot on the stand is the rectangular hole, and turns over the board at the bottom and is cut by a horizontal limit department of keeping away from the crane to turn over the book and form to stand body inside, the locating lever is through two bottom turns over the board and carry out the centre gripping fixedly from both sides, and this structure is favorable to guaranteeing the side of slot as short as possible, with the support tubular beam of adaptation as far as possible, can avoid supporting tubular beam too thick cause the heat exchange tube dispersion and be inconvenient for the cartridge to the problem in the heat exchanger tube sheet, and this structure has also improved the convenience of stand processing simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tube array heat exchanger assembly apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of the point A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the tube array heat exchanger rig of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a support frame of the tube array heat exchanger mounting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a column and support tube beam split machine of the tube array heat exchanger assembly apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of one column of the tube array heat exchanger rig of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure at point B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another column of the tube heat exchanger rig of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the support frame of the tube array heat exchanger mounting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the air pipe layout of the tube array heat exchanger assembly apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the air duct of the tube array heat exchanger rig of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a conventional heat exchange tube;
in the figure: 1. a body; 2. a lifting frame; 201. a receiving chamber; 3. a reaming mechanism; 31. an optical axis; 32. a cradle head; 33. a motor; 34. a flexible shaft; 35. a reamer; 4. a support frame; 41. a column; 411. a column body; 412. a bottom turning plate; 413. a side turning plate; 42. supporting a tubular beam; 421. a plate body; 422. a plug; 43. a baffle; 44. a positioning rod; 45. a positioning plate; 46. a clamping plate; 401. a through hole; 402. a slot; 403. a first positioning groove; 404. a second positioning groove; 405. a side edge; 406. a transverse edge; 5. a welding mechanism; 51. a carrier; 52. a gas storage tank; 53. welding machine; 6. a laser calibration instrument; 7. an air pipe; 71. a tube body; 72. an end plate; 73. a sheath; 100. a bracket; 200. a sling; 300. a backing plate; 400. a heat exchange tube.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the tube type heat exchanger assembling device of the invention comprises a machine body 1, a lifting frame 2, a reaming mechanism 3, a supporting frame 4, a welding mechanism 5, a laser calibration instrument 6 and an air tube 7.
As shown in fig. 1, the lifting frame 2 is arranged on the machine body 1, and a containing cavity 201 is arranged between the lifting frame 2 and the machine body 1; the reaming mechanism 3 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 201, and the reaming mechanism 3 is connected with the lifting frame 2 in a sliding way; the support frame 4 is arranged on the lifting frame 2, and the support frame 4 is used for supporting the heat exchange tube; the welding mechanism 5 is arranged at the side part of the machine body 1; the laser calibration instrument 6 is arranged on the lifting frame 2, and the laser calibration instrument 6 is positioned at the bottom of the supporting frame 4;
According to the structure, when the heat exchange tube is assembled, the heat exchange tube is supported by the support frame 4, then a guide is arranged on one end, facing the tube plate, of the heat exchange tube by a worker, then the heat exchange tube is penetrated into the tube plate and the baffle plate, after all the heat exchange tubes are penetrated, laser is emitted by the laser calibration instrument 6 to project a mark on the tube plate, at the moment, according to the guidance of mark lines, the heat exchange tube and the tube plate are welded and fixed by the welding mechanism 5, and a zigzag route is generally adopted for welding, so that the influence of welding stress on the tube plate is avoided, the laser calibration instrument 6 is arranged, the convenience of welding is improved, meanwhile, the convenience of reaming is also improved, after the welding is finished, the reaming is conducted on the tube plate in a partitioning mode by the laser calibration instrument 6, and the problem of missing and expanding can be avoided;
The assembly equipment is high in integration level, meanwhile, each assembly is reasonable in layout, and the lifting frame 2 can adjust the heights of the reaming mechanism 3 and the supporting frame 4, so that the heat exchange tube penetrating and reaming work can be conveniently conducted.
As shown in fig. 12, which is an installation structure of the conventional heat exchange tube, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 400 are supported by a bracket 100, and because the heat exchange tubes 400 are long, the end portions of the heat exchange tubes 400 may sag, and in the case that the heat exchange tubes 400 are thin, the heat exchange tubes 400 may be easily overlapped with each other, so that the resistance of the drawn heat exchange tubes 400 is large, and the drawing work is inconvenient. Therefore, when the heat exchange tube 400 is threaded, a worker first uses the crane to connect the sling 200, then uses the sling 200 to hoist one end of a portion of the heat exchange tube 400 away from the tube plate, and places a pad 300 at the lower portion of the heat exchange tube 400 for temporary support, and then threads the hoisted heat exchange tube 400. By repeating the above steps until the installation of all the heat exchange tubes is completed, the installation process is time consuming and laborious, and particularly, the operation of the sling 200 is inconvenient in passing between the plurality of heat exchange tubes 400, so that the support structure for the heat exchange tubes 400 is to be improved.
As shown in fig. 1,3 and 4, the supporting frame 4 includes two columns 41, supporting tubular beams 42 and baffles 43, wherein the two columns 41 are arranged on one side of the lifting frame 2 far away from the machine body 1 in parallel, and the columns 41 are perpendicular to the lifting frame 2; the support tube beams 42 are provided with a plurality of support tube beams 42, and two ends of each support tube beam 42 are detachably connected with one upright 41 to form a plurality of through holes 401; the baffle 43 is connected with the upright column 41 and the lifting frame 2, and the baffle 43 is positioned at one side of the laser calibration instrument 6;
According to the structure, the support frame 4 in the assembly equipment is composed of the two upright posts 41 and the plurality of support tube beams 42, the support tube beams 42 are detachably connected with the upright posts 41, when the heat exchange tubes are supported, a plurality of heat exchange tubes can be divided into a plurality of parts, each part of heat exchange tubes is supported by one support tube beam 42, the heat exchange tubes penetrate through the through holes 401, and therefore after the heat exchange tubes are supported by the support tube beams 42, only manual threading is needed, workers do not need to switch back and forth between lifting the heat exchange tubes and threading the heat exchange tubes, the assembly efficiency of the heat exchange tubes can be improved, and the assembly consistency is ensured;
Because the heat exchangers are different in size and the required number of the heat exchange tubes is also different, the number of the through holes 401 can be controlled by adjusting the number of the support tube beams 42 so as to adapt to the number of the heat exchange tubes, and the heat exchange tube assembly device is suitable for the support requirements of the heat exchange tubes of different types and further facilitates the assembly work of the heat exchange tubes of various heat exchangers; the supporting tube beams 42 are shown in the drawings, and the number of the supporting tube beams 42 is usually 3-6, and the number of the supporting tube beams 42 is not required to be too large, because the heat exchange tubes are arranged on the supporting tube beams 42, when the supporting tube beams 42 are too thick, the supporting tube beams 42 are used as fulcrums, similar to the lever principle, so that the heat exchange tubes can be excessively inclined, and are inconvenient to pass through a tube plate, and the number of the supporting tube beams 42 is small and the thickness is thin.
The laser calibration instrument 6 is arranged on the lifting frame 2 and is positioned at the bottom of the supporting frame 4, and a baffle 43 is arranged on the supporting frame 4, which can protect the laser calibration instrument 6 and can avoid damaging the laser calibration instrument 6 when the heat pipe is replaced on the supporting frame 4.
As shown in fig. 7 and 9, the support frame 4 includes a positioning rod 44 and a positioning plate 45, wherein the upright 41 is a square hollow upright, and a plurality of slots 402 are formed in the upright 41; the positioning rod 44 is arranged in one of the upright posts 41, and the positioning rod 44 penetrates through the inner cavity of the upright post 41; the positioning plate 45 is arranged on the outer wall of the other upright 41, and the positioning plate 45 is flush with the bottom wall of the slot 402; a first positioning groove 403 is formed in one end of the supporting tube beam 42, the first positioning groove 403 is clamped with a positioning rod 44, and the other end of the supporting tube beam 42 is connected with a positioning plate 45 in series through a bolt;
as described above, the mounting and positioning of the support pipe beam 42 are performed by fixing the positioning rod 44 and the positioning plate 45, and when assembling, the support pipe beam 42 is passed through the upright 41 provided with the positioning plate 45, and then the support pipe beam 42 is inserted into the upright 41 provided with the positioning rod 44 until the end of the support pipe beam 42 is immersed into the slot 402, at this time, the end of the support pipe beam 42 is doubly positioned by the upright 41 and the positioning rod 44, and the other end of the support pipe beam 42 is fixedly connected with the positioning plate 45 by the bolt, which has the advantage of convenient dismounting, and the positioning rod 44 is arranged inside one upright 41, which can reduce the volume of the apparatus. In order to further improve the convenience of assembling and disassembling the support tubular beams 42, a quick-disassembling structure can be adopted between the support tubular beams 42 and the positioning plate 45.
As shown in fig. 9, the supporting tubular beam 42 includes a plate body 421 and a plug 422, wherein the plate body 421 is a square hollow tube, and a round chamfer is provided on a side edge of the plate body 421 in the length direction; the plug 422 is inserted into one end of the plate 421, and the first positioning slot 403 is formed in the plug 422;
According to the structure, the supporting tube beam 42 consists of the plate 421 and the plug 422, the plug 422 can improve the structural strength of the supporting tube beam 42, which is beneficial to avoiding the bending deformation of the supporting tube beam 42 caused by collision and other factors in the process of inserting the supporting tube beam 42 into the upright 41, is beneficial to ensuring the supporting effect of the supporting tube beam 42, and meanwhile, the edge of the supporting tube beam 42 is provided with a round chamfer, so that the bending deformation of the heat exchange tube caused by collision heat exchange tube can be avoided;
As described above, in order to avoid excessive inclination of the heat exchange tube caused by the support of the support tube beam 42, the heat exchange tube needs to be thinner, but the strength is affected after the heat exchange tube is thinner, and the strength of the plate body 421 can be significantly improved after the plug 422 is provided, and the plug 422 is clamped with the positioning rod 44 through the first positioning groove 403 during the installation process of the support tube beam 42, so that the plate body 421 is not easy to deform from the end, and the support tube beam 42 can have a good supporting effect.
As shown in fig. 7, the upright 41 includes an upright body 411, a bottom turning plate 412 and a side turning plate 413 with an integral structure, the slot 402 is formed by turning the bottom turning plate 412 and the side turning plate 413 into the upright body 411, wherein the bottom turning plate 412 and the side turning plate 413 are arranged on two opposite wall surfaces of the upright body 411, the bottom turning plate 412 is used for supporting the support and protection of the tubular beam 42, and the side turning plate 413 is used for supporting the limit and protection of the tubular beam 42; the bottom turning plate 412 is positioned at one end of the upright 41 and is provided with a second positioning groove 404, and the second positioning groove 404 is clamped with the positioning rod 44;
The structure as described above, the upright 41 is composed of the upright body 411, the bottom turning plate 412 and the side turning plate 413, wherein the bottom turning plate 412 and the side turning plate 413 are turned inwards to the upright body 411 to form the slot 402, the structure can reduce the amount of waste materials cut during the production of the upright 41, and meanwhile, the bottom turning plate 412 and the side turning plate 413 can play the effects of supporting, limiting and protecting the supporting tubular beam 42, because the turning positions of the bottom turning plate 412 and the side turning plate 413 are arc-shaped excessively, the notch of the slot 402 can be prevented from scratching the supporting tubular beam 42, and the supporting tubular beam 42 can be well supported;
Because the bottom turning plate 412 is provided with the second positioning groove 404 and is clamped with the positioning rod 44 in the upright post body 411, the positioning rod 44 can be well limited due to the arrangement of the structure, the bottom turning plate 412 is fully utilized, and the convenience of mounting and positioning the positioning rod 44 in the upright post body 411 is improved.
As shown in fig. 7, the slot 402 is a rectangular hole, and the slot 402 has two side edges 405 parallel to the length direction of the upright 41 and a transverse edge 406 perpendicular to the length direction of the upright 41; the bottom turning plate 412 is cut at a transverse edge 406 far away from the lifting frame 2 and turned over inwards the upright post body 411;
According to the structure, the slot 402 on the upright 41 is a rectangular hole, the bottom turning plate 412 is cut at a transverse edge far away from the lifting frame 2 and is folded and formed towards the inside of the upright body 411, and the positioning rod 44 is clamped and fixed from two sides through the two bottom turning plates 412.
As shown in fig. 9, the support frame 4 comprises a clamping plate 46, the clamping plate 46 is connected with the end part of the positioning rod 44, and the clamping plate 46 is folded against the outer wall of the upright 41;
In the above structure, the end of the positioning rod 44 is provided with the clamping plate 46, so that when the positioning rod 44 is installed, the clamping plate 46 is held to insert the positioning rod 44 through the upper end of the upright 41, and at this time, the circumferential surface of the positioning rod 44 can be matched and limited with the second positioning groove 404 of the bottom turning plate 412 until the clamping plate 46 abuts against the top end of the upright 41, and the clamping plate 46 is turned over to abut against the outer wall of the upright 41 to be beneficial to further positioning the positioning rod 44, so that the positioning rod 44 can bear the jacking force of the supporting tubular beams 42.
The reaming mechanism 3 comprises an optical axis 31, a holder 32, a motor 33, a flexible shaft 34 and a reamer 35, wherein the optical axis 31 is arranged on the support frame 4; the holder 32 is slidably connected with the optical axis 31; the motor 33 is arranged on the cradle head 32; one end of the flexible shaft 34 is connected with an output shaft of the motor 33; a reamer 35 is connected to the other end of the flexible shaft 34;
According to the structure, the holder 32 can slide along the optical axis 31, and the motor 33 is arranged on the holder 32, so that the motor 33 can slide along the optical axis 31 and can also perform angle adjustment through the holder 32, and then the motor 33 drives the flexible shaft 34 and the reamer 35 to rotate, so that the end part of the heat exchange tube is reamed by the reamer 35, and the heat exchange tube is tightly matched with the tube plate. Meanwhile, the reaming mechanism 3 is supported by the lifting frame 2, so that the lifting frame 2 can be used for adjusting the height, and the supporting frame 4 or the reaming mechanism 3 can be selectively aligned with the tube plate of the heat exchanger, so that the assembly work is convenient.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the welding mechanism 5 includes a carrier 51, an air tank 52, and a welding machine 53, wherein the carrier 51 is disposed at one side of the machine body 1; the air storage tank 52 and the welding machine 53 are arranged on the carrier 51;
The above structure, wherein the gas storage tank 52 and the welding machine 53 are used for connecting the welding gun, thereby carrying out welding fixation on the heat exchange tube and the tube plate, and the welding mechanism 5 is arranged at the side part of the machine body 1 before the reaming process, so that the work of the reaming mechanism 3 and the penetrating work of the heat exchange tube are not interfered, and the device has the advantage of reasonable layout.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the air pipe 7 penetrates the support pipe beam 42 and the lifting frame 2, and the air pipe 7 is not required to be provided when the support frame 4 supports the heat exchange pipe of the small-sized heat exchanger. Of course, for some heat exchangers with a large number of heat exchange tubes, in order to further separate the heat exchange tubes, the air pipe 7 needs to be assembled on the supporting pipe beam 42 and the lifting frame 2, and the air pipe 7 plays a role of isolating the heat exchange tubes, so that the through holes 401 are further subdivided, and the heat exchange tubes are further separated;
Specifically, the heat exchange tube penetrates through the movable end of the lifting frame 2 and faces the reaming mechanism 3, so that the top end of the air tube 7 is connected with the air supply device, the bottom end of the air tube is connected with the air outlet nozzle interface through a hose, and the hose and the air outlet nozzle (not shown in the figure) are bound to a flexible shaft (particularly a shaft sleeve of the flexible shaft) of the reaming mechanism through a rope, and the hose and the air outlet nozzle are used for purging the heat exchanger. The heat exchange tubes of the partial heat exchanger are required to be cut and leveled after being assembled on the tube plate so as to facilitate welding and ensure tightness, so that in order to avoid cutting scraps from affecting subsequent welding and reaming work, the heat exchange tubes of the partial heat exchanger are required to be purged through the air outlet nozzle so as to remove the cutting scraps, and the welding yield is ensured. In this assembly equipment, with the trachea 7 carry out the air feed can, it has not only played the effect of separating the heat exchange tube, still plays the air feed effect, need not to set up the air supply pipe in addition, has simplified equipment structure.
As shown in fig. 11, the air pipe 7 includes a pipe body 71, an end plate 72 and a sheath 73, wherein the pipe body 71 penetrates through the supporting pipe beams 42 and the lifting frame 2, the end plate 72 is arranged at the upper end of the pipe body 71 to overlap the supporting pipe beams 42 for limiting, and the sheath 73 is sleeved on the part of the pipe body 71 between the two supporting pipe beams 42 to protect the pipe body 71 from being damaged due to collision with the heat exchange pipe.
The assembling method of the heat exchanger, which adopts the tube array type heat exchanger assembling equipment, comprises the following steps:
s1, supporting one end of a heat exchange tube through a supporting frame 4, and lifting the other end of the heat exchange tube through a lifting appliance;
s2, penetrating the heat exchange tubes into the tube plates and the baffle plates of the heat exchanger one by one;
S3, calibrating the plate surface of the tube plate by using a laser calibration instrument 6, and dividing the tube plate surface into a plurality of areas;
S4, under the guidance of light rays of the laser calibration instrument 6, the end part of the heat exchange tube and the tube plate are welded and fixed through the welding mechanism 5;
s5, reaming the end part of the heat exchange tube through a reaming mechanism 3 to ensure that the heat exchange tube is tightly matched with the tube plate.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A shell and tube heat exchanger rigging equipment, characterized in that: comprises a machine body (1), a lifting frame (2), a reaming mechanism (3), a supporting frame (4), a welding mechanism (5) and a laser calibration instrument (6), wherein,
The lifting frame (2) is arranged on the machine body (1), and a containing cavity (201) is arranged between the lifting frame (2) and the machine body (1);
The reaming mechanism (3) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (201), and the reaming mechanism (3) is in sliding connection with the lifting frame (2);
The support frame (4) is arranged on the lifting frame (2), and the support frame (4) is used for supporting the heat exchange tube;
the welding mechanism (5) is arranged at the side part of the machine body (1);
the laser calibration instrument (6) is arranged on the lifting frame (2), and the laser calibration instrument (6) is positioned at the bottom of the supporting frame (4).
2. A shell and tube heat exchanger assembly apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the supporting frame (4) comprises a stand column (41), a supporting tubular beam (42) and a baffle plate (43), wherein,
The two stand columns (41) are arranged, the two stand columns (41) are arranged on one side, far away from the machine body (1), of the lifting frame (2) in parallel, and the stand columns (41) are perpendicular to the lifting frame (2);
The support tube beams (42) are provided with a plurality of support tube beams, and two ends of each support tube beam (42) are detachably connected with one upright post (41) to form a plurality of through holes (401);
The baffle (43) is connected with the upright post (41) and the lifting frame (2), and the baffle (43) is positioned on one side of the laser calibration instrument (6).
3. A shell and tube heat exchanger assembly apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the supporting frame (4) comprises a positioning rod (44) and a positioning plate (45), wherein,
The upright post (41) is a square hollow upright post, and a plurality of slots (402) are formed in the upright post (41);
The positioning rod (44) is arranged in one of the upright posts (41), and the positioning rod (44) penetrates through the inner cavity of the upright post (41);
The positioning plate (45) is arranged on the outer wall of the other upright post (41), and the positioning plate (45) is flush with the bottom wall of the slot (402);
A first positioning groove (403) is formed in one end of the supporting pipe beam (42), the first positioning groove (403) is connected with the positioning rod (44) in a clamping mode, and the other end of the supporting pipe beam (42) is connected with the positioning plate (45) in series through bolts.
4. A shell and tube heat exchanger assembly apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the support tubular beam (42) comprises a plate body (421) and a plug (422), wherein,
The plate body (421) is a square hollow pipe, and round chamfers are arranged on edges in the length direction of the plate body (421);
The plug (422) is inserted into one end of the plate body (421), and the first positioning groove (403) is formed in the plug (422).
5. A shell and tube heat exchanger assembly apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the upright post (41) comprises an upright post body (411), a bottom turning plate (412) and a side turning plate (413) which are of an integrated structure, the slot (402) is formed by turning the bottom turning plate (412) and the side turning plate (413) towards the inside of the upright post body (411), wherein,
The upright post body (411) is provided with the bottom turning plate (412) and the side turning plate (413) on two opposite wall surfaces, the bottom turning plate (412) is used for supporting and protecting the supporting pipe beam (42), and the side turning plate (413) is used for limiting and protecting the supporting pipe beam (42);
The bottom turning plate (412) is located at one end of the upright post (41) and provided with a second positioning groove (404), and the second positioning groove (404) is clamped with the positioning rod (44).
6. A shell and tube heat exchanger assembly apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the slot (402) is a rectangular hole, and the slot (402) is provided with two side edges (405) parallel to the length direction of the upright post (41) and a transverse edge (406) perpendicular to the length direction of the upright post (41);
The bottom turning plate (412) is cut at a position far away from one transverse edge (406) of the lifting frame (2) and turned over towards the inside of the upright post body (411).
7. A shell and tube heat exchanger assembly apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the support frame (4) comprises a clamping plate (46), the clamping plate (46) is connected with the end part of the positioning rod (44), and the clamping plate (46) is folded to prop against the outer wall of the upright post (41).
8. A tube array heat exchanger assembly apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the reaming mechanism (3) comprises an optical axis (31), a cradle head (32), a motor (33), a flexible shaft (34) and a reamer (35), wherein,
The optical axis (31) is arranged on the support frame (4);
the holder (32) is in sliding connection with the optical axis (31);
the motor (33) is arranged on the cradle head (32);
one end of the flexible shaft (34) is connected with an output shaft of the motor (33);
The reamer (35) is connected to the other end of the flexible shaft (34).
9. A tube array heat exchanger assembly apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the welding mechanism (5) comprises a carrier (51), an air storage tank (52) and a welding machine (53), wherein,
The carrier (51) is arranged on one side of the machine body (1);
the air storage tank (52) and the welding machine (53) are arranged on the carrier (51).
10. A heat exchanger assembling method using the tube array heat exchanger assembling apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
S1, supporting one end of a heat exchange tube through the supporting frame (4), and lifting the other end of the heat exchange tube through a lifting appliance;
s2, penetrating the heat exchange tubes into the tube plates and the baffle plates of the heat exchanger one by one;
s3, calibrating the plate surface of the tube plate by the laser calibrating instrument (6), and dividing the tube plate surface into a plurality of areas;
S4, under the guidance of light rays of the laser calibration instrument (6), the end part of the heat exchange tube and the tube plate are welded and fixed through the welding mechanism (5);
S5, reaming the end part of the heat exchange tube through the reaming mechanism (3) to ensure that the heat exchange tube is tightly matched with the tube plate.
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| CN202311697476.0A CN117600843B (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Tube type heat exchanger assembly equipment and application method |
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| CN117600843B true CN117600843B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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| CN220006635U (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-11-14 | 济南艾科申石化设备有限公司 | Welding auxiliary stand |
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| CN1178897A (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 1998-04-15 | 株式会社东芝 | Assembling device for heat exchanging tube of heat exchanger and assembling method |
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| CN117600843A (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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