CN117600761A - Method for eliminating air hole defect of aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component - Google Patents
Method for eliminating air hole defect of aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component Download PDFInfo
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- CN117600761A CN117600761A CN202311570220.3A CN202311570220A CN117600761A CN 117600761 A CN117600761 A CN 117600761A CN 202311570220 A CN202311570220 A CN 202311570220A CN 117600761 A CN117600761 A CN 117600761A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing aluminum-magnesium alloy components by arc additive. Firstly, an X-ray is used for scanning and detecting an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, obtained data are analyzed, distribution, volume size and porosity of pores and pore defects which lack fusion are observed and calculated, and according to the obtained equivalent size and distribution position of the pores, a friction stir system is used for carrying out friction stir processing treatment, grains of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component are refined, and pores of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component are eliminated. By adopting the method, only the defective area is required to be subjected to selective repair, or the critical bearing part is subjected to selective enhancement, so that the problem of coarsening of crystal grains caused by repeated heating of the component can be effectively avoided, the pore defect can be effectively eliminated, the mechanical property of the critical bearing part is improved, and the problems of the pore defect and weak mechanical property in the aluminum/magnesium alloy component are remarkably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing aluminum-magnesium alloy components by arc additive, and particularly relates to a method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component.
Background
Aluminum magnesium alloy is a high-quality material commonly used in arc additive manufacturing due to a series of advantages of small density, high specific strength, strong corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied in the fields of aerospace, ship industry, pressure vessels and the like in recent years. The arc additive manufacturing adopts welding arc as a heat source to melt metal wires, realizes layer-by-layer stacking on a substrate according to a preset path until a metal piece is formed, and has a microstructure of coarse columnar crystals and a certain amount of pores. Coarse grains and pores can lead to reduced mechanical properties of the additive manufactured components, not as good as those of as-forged and even as-cast homogeneous materials, and the special charm of additive manufacturing is lost.
Currently, the main methods for solving this problem include a process parameter numerical control method, a preheating treatment method, a hot isostatic pressing method, a machining method, an ultrasonic auxiliary method and a laser shock method. The process parameters approach reduces the heat input of the arc additive manufacturing process, such as reducing the additive current, reducing the wire feed speed to additive speed ratio. Although this method can effectively reduce air holes and suppress coarse grains, the additive efficiency is reduced at the same time. The arc mode is changed, and the variable polarity composite pulse CMT process is adopted to manufacture the aluminum alloy in an additive mode, so that the air holes can be remarkably reduced, but the coarsening change of the crystal grains is not greatly influenced. Therefore, there is a need for a new method that reduces the problems of air hole defects of conventional arc additive manufacturing aluminum/magnesium alloy components while maintaining high additive efficiency and low equipment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for eliminating the air hole defect of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, which can eliminate the air hole and also can eliminate the air hole defect. The rough wall surface after material addition is milled, and then the coarse columnar crystals are subjected to plastic deformation under the spinning action of a friction stir head, so that the pore defects are healed, and the structure and mechanical properties of the aluminum magnesium alloy arc material addition manufacturing component are improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, which comprises the following steps: firstly, an X-ray is used for scanning and detecting an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, data obtained by scanning are analyzed, distribution, volume and porosity of pores and pore defects which lack fusion are observed and calculated, and according to the calculated equivalent size and distribution position of the pores, a friction stir system is used for carrying out friction stir processing on the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, grains of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component are thinned, and pores of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component are eliminated.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scan detection parameters are: the pixel resolution is 2-5 mu m, the rotation step length is 1-5 degrees, the rotation angle is 1-5 degrees, the X-ray accelerating voltage is 20-30 kV, and the current is 5-20 uA.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, when the equivalent size of the air holes is less than 10 mu m, the friction stir processing is carried out on the area for one pass; when the equivalent size of the air holes is 10-80 mu m, carrying out friction stir processing on the area for two times; when the equivalent pore size is more than 80 mu m, friction stir processing is carried out on the region at least three times, and two-time scanning detection is required.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the friction stir processing method comprises: and placing the scanned and detected aluminum/magnesium alloy material-adding component on a friction stir system, and performing corresponding programming on the friction stir control system according to the calculated equivalent size and distribution position of the air holes, wherein a planned path is serpentine and repeated in the friction stir processing process, and the overlapping rate between adjacent friction stir welding beads is 33% -67%.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in the stirring friction processing process, the length of the stirring pin is 0.2mm smaller than the minimum thickness of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, the length range of the stirring pin is 1-20 mm, and the diameter of the stirring pin and the width of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head are matched with the length of the stirring pin.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in the stirring friction processing process, the dip angle of the stirring head is 0-2.5 degrees, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 200-800 rpm, and the advancing speed of the stirring head is 0.6-8 mm/s.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a transverse displacement control strategy is adopted in the friction stir processing treatment process, and the pressing amount is 0.1-0.3 mm.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component comprises the following steps: selecting a substrate and corresponding welding wires, drying the welding wires, polishing the surface of the substrate, and then cleaning and drying; and (3) adopting an arc additive manufacturing program system, slicing the aluminum/magnesium alloy component layer by layer along the height direction of the three-dimensional model according to the three-dimensional model of the aluminum/magnesium alloy component, determining an additive path of each layer, adopting a CMT or TIG process, setting arc additive manufacturing process parameters, and carrying out layer by layer additive through the welding wire according to a preset path to obtain the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component with the target size.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the welding wire is dried by adopting a welding rod oven, the drying temperature is controlled to be 50-100 ℃, the drying time is controlled to be 60-180 min, the substrate is cleaned by adopting ultrasonic special equipment, and the cleaning liquid is acetone and alcohol; adopting a CMT process, wherein the diameter of the welding wire is 1.0-1.6 mm, and the protective gas flow is 10-15L/min; and by adopting a TIG process, the welding wire is directly 0.8-1.2 mm, and the protective air flow is 8-12L/min.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the arc additive manufacturing process parameters include: additive current I, additive speed V, pulse number EP/EN value N and interlayer cooling time T; the I is 90-120A; v is 0.6-1.5 m/min, N is 1.0-3.0, T is 45-75 seconds.
The value of the additive current I is in the range of 90A-120A, because I is too small, molten drops are not easy to spread on a substrate, an aluminum/magnesium alloy component cannot be formed, I is too large, a molten pool easily flows to cause the forming quality of the aluminum/magnesium alloy component to be poor, and therefore, the value of I is in the range of 90-120A.
The interlayer cooling time T is controlled to be 45-75 seconds, because the more serious the heat accumulation in the aluminum/magnesium alloy component is along with the increase of the number of additive layers, the longer the cooling time required by the later-stage additive is compared with the earlier-stage additive in order to ensure that the temperature before each additive is approximately the same.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, after the layer-by-layer material addition is finished, the method further comprises the following steps: cutting off the substrate of the aluminum/magnesium alloy member after the material addition is finished by adopting wire cutting, and then milling the aluminum/magnesium alloy material addition member to obtain the aluminum/magnesium alloy material addition member with proper size, thickness, flat surface and two flush surfaces.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, the roughness of the surface of the member after milling is controlled to be less than or equal to Ra3.2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, air holes generated in the process of manufacturing the aluminum alloy by friction stir repairing arc additive are combined with X-ray detection to perform 'selective repair' on a defect area, and a stirring needle rotates in a material at a high speed to enable a metal material to generate plasticizing flow, so that air hole defects are closed and eliminated; meanwhile, the 'selective reinforcement' is carried out on the key bearing part of the component, and coarse columnar crystals are crushed through plastic deformation by utilizing the spinning action of the friction stir head to form fine equiaxed crystals, so that the integral mechanical property of the aluminum alloy component manufactured by arc additive is improved.
By adopting the method, the whole arc additive manufacturing component is not required to be repaired, only the defect area is required to be repaired in a selected area, or the key bearing part is reinforced in a selected area, so that the problem of coarsening of crystal grains caused by repeated heating of the component can be effectively avoided, the defect of air holes can be effectively eliminated, the mechanical property of the key bearing part is improved, the problems of the defect of air holes and weak mechanical property in the aluminum/magnesium alloy component are remarkably improved, and the method is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a friction stir repair aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component air hole defect process of example 1, wherein (a) is an unmilled arc additive thin wall; (b) The arc additive thin wall is milled; (c) Refining the grain process for the electric arc additive thin wall friction stir welding after milling;
fig. 2 is a physical diagram of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive member prepared in the fifth step of example 1 and a physical diagram of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive member repaired in the seventh step;
FIG. 3 is a chart showing the pore distribution of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive member prepared in step five of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a chart showing the pore distribution of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive manufactured in step five of example 1 after repairing in step seven.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the invention, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the invention described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present invention. The specification and examples of the present invention are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
The raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available conventional raw materials, and are not particularly limited. The description will not be repeated below.
Example 1
The method for repairing the air hole defect of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component by friction stir comprises the following operation steps: the method comprises the steps of arc material adding, milling, X-ray detection and stirring repair, wherein a process schematic diagram of the method is shown in figure 1, and (a) is an unmilled arc material adding thin wall; (b) The arc additive thin wall is milled; (c) And refining the grain process for the electric arc additive thin-wall friction stir welding after milling.
In the embodiment, for the 5356 aluminum alloy member manufactured by arc additive with the net size and the thickness of 4mm after milling, friction stir repair is carried out, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Arc additive
Step one: performing additive manufacturing by adopting a TIG process, slicing the aluminum/magnesium alloy component according to a three-dimensional model of the aluminum/magnesium alloy component in a layering manner along the height direction of the three-dimensional model, determining an additive path of each layer, and setting arc additive manufacturing process parameters, wherein the process parameters are as follows: additive current I, protective air flow L, additive speed V, pulse number EP/EN value N and interlayer cooling time T; wherein the value of the additive current I is 110A; the value range of the material adding speed V is 1.0mm/s, the protective air flow L is 12L/min, the pulse number EP/EN value N is 3.0, the interlayer cooling time T is 60 seconds, the welding wire (diameter is 1.0 mm) and the substrate are used for removing greasy dirt on the surface of the substrate by alcohol and acetone, then the substrate is dried, the drying temperature is controlled at 60 ℃, and the drying time is controlled at 90 minutes;
step two: moving a CMT welding gun to a starting point of an additive path, introducing protective gas for 2.0 seconds in advance, starting an arc on a substrate by the welding gun, and completing the additive of a first layer along a planned path;
step three: cooling the previous deposition layer for 45-75 seconds, and moving the welding gun to the starting point of the path of the next layer;
step four: and repeatedly executing the second step and the third step until the formation of the aluminum/magnesium alloy component is completed.
(2) Milling process
Step five: cutting the aluminum/magnesium alloy component substrate after the material addition in the step four by adopting linear cutting, then horizontally placing the aluminum/magnesium alloy component on a milling machine, fixing the periphery by using a rigid pressing block, flattening the surface of the component by using the mutual motion of the milling cutter and the aluminum/magnesium alloy component, turning the component, milling the other surface to be flat and reaching a proper size and thickness, and finally obtaining the aluminum/magnesium alloy component with two flush surfaces, wherein the roughness is Ra1.6. As shown in fig. 2 (labeled "pre-repair" in fig. 2).
(3) Radiation detection
Step six: placing the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component milled in the step five in a shooting chamber, scribing an inspection part, and setting scanning parameters of CT equipment: the pixel resolution was 4 μm, the rotation step size was 2 °, the rotation angle was 2.5 °, the X-ray acceleration voltage was 20kV, and the current was 10uA. The data obtained by scanning are analyzed by using equipment matched software, and the distribution, the volume size and the porosity characteristics of pores (LOFs) and defects of the pores which lack fusion are observed and calculated (calculated based on Image J software, the threshold value is set to 255), so that the equivalent size and the distribution position of the pores are obtained. Wherein, when the equivalent size of the surface defect of the X-ray detection result is less than 10 mu m, the stirring friction processing of the region is completed in one pass, when the equivalent size of the defect is 10-80 mu m, the stirring friction processing of the region is completed in two times, and when the equivalent size of the defect is more than 80 mu m, the stirring friction processing of the region is completed in at least three times, and the two times of detection are required.
The porosity and equivalent diameter of the air holes of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component prepared in the fifth step of the embodiment are shown in table 1, and the mechanical property detection result is shown in table 2. (in tables 1 and 2, the "before repair of example 1" is shown).
(4) Stirring repair
Step seven: and (3) placing the component subjected to the radiation detection on a friction stir system, and performing corresponding programming on the friction stir control system according to the equivalent size of the surface defect of the X-ray detection result. In the friction stir processing process, the planned path is serpentine and repeated, and the overlapping rate between adjacent friction stir welding beads is 50%. During the friction stir processing, the length of the stirring pin is 0.2mm smaller than the minimum thickness of the material-increasing component after milling, namely, the length of the stirring pin is 3.8mm (the length of the stirring pin=the plate thickness is-0.2 mm). The diameter of the stirring pin and the width of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head should be matched with the length of the stirring pin (the diameter of the stirring pin is generally about 1/2-2/3 of the length of the stirring pin, and the width (i.e. the diameter) of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head is generally 3-5 times of the length of the stirring pin, in this embodiment, the diameter of the stirring pin is 2.8mm, and the width of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head is 16 mm). In the friction stir processing process, the dip angle of the stirring head is 0 degree, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 400rpm, the advancing speed of the stirring head is 2mm/s, a transverse displacement control strategy is adopted in the friction stir processing process, and the pressing amount is 0.2mm. The stirring pin rotates at a high speed to promote the metal material to generate large plastic deformation, so that the selected area of the air hole defect part is healed and the selected area of the key bearing part is enhanced, the mechanical property of the component is further improved, and the mechanical property of the aluminum magnesium alloy arc additive manufacturing component is superior to that of similar forgings.
The physical diagram of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component obtained in the fifth step after repairing in the seventh step is shown in fig. 2 (labeled as "repaired" in fig. 2), the porosity and the equivalent pore diameter are shown in table 1, and the mechanical property detection result is shown in table 2. (in tables 1 and 2, the "after repair of example 1" is shown).
The pore distribution of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component prepared in the step five of the embodiment is shown in fig. 3 (the cross section of the component is obtained by polishing and observing the polished cross section by using an optical metallographic microscope), and the pore distribution is shown in fig. 4 after repairing in the step seven.
Example 2
In this embodiment, friction stir repair is performed on an arc additive manufactured 6061 aluminum alloy member with a net size and thickness of 20mm after milling, and the specific steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, except that parameters of the first step and the seventh step are different from those in embodiment 1, and specifically are as follows:
(1) Arc additive
Step one: adopting a CMT process to perform additive manufacturing, slicing the aluminum/magnesium alloy component according to a three-dimensional model of the aluminum/magnesium alloy component in a layered manner along the height direction of the three-dimensional model, determining an additive path of each layer, and setting arc additive manufacturing process parameters, wherein the process parameters are as follows: additive current I, protective air flow L, additive speed V, pulse number EP/EN value N and interlayer cooling time T; wherein the value of the additive current I is 120A; the value range of the material adding speed V is 1.5mm/s, the protective air flow L is 15L/min, the pulse number EP/EN value N is 2.0, the interlayer cooling time T is 75 seconds, and the welding wire (diameter is 1.2 mm) and the substrate are used for removing greasy dirt on the surface of the substrate by using alcohol and acetone, and then are dried;
step two to step four: as in example 1.
(2) Milling process
Step five: as in example 1.
(3) Radiation detection
Step six: as in example 1.
The porosity and equivalent pore diameter of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive member prepared in the fifth step of the embodiment are shown in table 1, and the mechanical property detection result is shown in table 2, through X-ray detection and calculation (calculation based on Image J software, threshold value is set to 255). (in tables 1 and 2, the "before repair of example 2" is shown).
(4) Stirring repair
Step seven: and (3) placing the component subjected to the radiation detection on a friction stir system, and performing corresponding programming on the friction stir control system according to the equivalent size of the surface defect of the X-ray detection result. In the friction stir processing process, the planned path is serpentine and repeated, and the overlapping rate between adjacent friction stir welding beads is 33%. In the friction stir processing process, the length of the stirring pin is 0.2mm smaller than the minimum thickness of the material-increasing component after milling, and the length of the stirring pin is 19.7mm. The diameter of the stirring pin and the width of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head are matched with the length of the stirring pin. In the friction stir processing process, the dip angle of the stirring head is 0 degree, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 300rpm, the advancing speed of the stirring head is 0.8mm/s, a transverse displacement control strategy is adopted in the friction stir processing process, and the pressing amount is 0.2mm. The stirring pin rotates at a high speed to promote the metal material to generate large plastic deformation, so that the selected area of the air hole defect part is healed and the selected area of the key bearing part is enhanced, the mechanical property of the component is further improved, and the mechanical property of the aluminum magnesium alloy arc additive manufacturing component is superior to that of similar forgings.
The porosity and the equivalent diameter of air holes of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component prepared in the step five of the embodiment are shown in table 1, and the mechanical property detection result is shown in table 2 after the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component is repaired in the step six. (in tables 1 and 2, the "after repair of example 2" is shown).
TABLE 1 porosity and equivalent pore diameter of aluminum/magnesium alloy additive components before and after repair
Table 2 mechanical properties of aluminum/magnesium alloy additive components before and after repair
| EXAMPLE 1 Pre-repair | Example 1 after repair | EXAMPLE 2 Pre-repair | Example 2 after repair | |
| Yield strength/MPa | 73 | 137 | 83 | 122 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | 235 | 290 | 249 | 280 |
| Elongation/% | 17 | 26 | 12 | 19 |
| Impact energy/J | 27 | 79 | 33 | 68 |
As can be seen from table 1, table 2 and fig. 2 to 4, the porosity and the average diameter of the pores of the repaired aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component are obviously reduced, and the mechanical properties are obviously improved. The porosity and pore diameter of the 5356 aluminum alloy member in example 1 were calculated to be reduced by 85% and 28%, respectively; the porosity and pore diameter of the 6061 aluminum alloy article in example 2 were reduced by 90% and 65%, respectively, after repair.
In the foregoing, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, and any person skilled in the art, within the scope of the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention by equally replacing or changing the technical scheme and the inventive concept thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The method for eliminating the air hole defect of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, an X-ray is used for scanning and detecting an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, data obtained by scanning are analyzed, distribution, volume and porosity of pores and pore defects which lack fusion are observed and calculated, and according to the calculated equivalent size and distribution position of the pores, a friction stir system is used for carrying out friction stir processing on the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, grains of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component are thinned, and pores of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component are eliminated.
2. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 1, wherein the scanning detection parameters are as follows: the pixel resolution is 2-5 mu m, the rotation step length is 1-5 degrees, the rotation angle is 1-5 degrees, the X-ray accelerating voltage is 20-30 kV, and the current is 5-20 uA.
3. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 1, wherein when the equivalent air hole size is less than 10 μm, the area is subjected to friction stir processing for one pass; when the equivalent size of the air holes is 10-80 mu m, carrying out friction stir processing on the area for two times; when the equivalent pore size is more than 80 mu m, friction stir processing is carried out on the region at least three times, and two-time scanning detection is required.
4. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 1, wherein the friction stir processing method is as follows: and placing the scanned and detected aluminum/magnesium alloy material-adding component on a friction stir system, and performing corresponding programming on the friction stir control system according to the calculated equivalent size and distribution position of the air holes, wherein a planned path is serpentine and repeated in the friction stir processing process, and the overlapping rate between adjacent friction stir welding beads is 33% -67%.
5. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 1, wherein in the stirring friction processing process, the length of a stirring pin is 0.2mm smaller than the minimum thickness of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component, the length of the stirring pin ranges from 1 mm to 20mm, and the diameter of the stirring pin and the width of a shaft shoulder of the stirring head are matched with the length of the stirring pin.
6. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 1, wherein in the stirring friction processing process, the inclination angle of a stirring head is 0-2.5 degrees, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 200-800 rpm, and the advancing speed of the stirring head is 0.6-8 mm/s.
7. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 1, wherein a transverse displacement control strategy is adopted in the stirring friction processing process, and the pressing amount is 0.1-0.3 mm.
8. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component is as follows: selecting a substrate and corresponding welding wires, adopting an electric arc additive manufacturing program system, slicing the substrate and the corresponding welding wires in a layering manner along the height direction of the three-dimensional model according to the three-dimensional model of the aluminum/magnesium alloy component, determining an additive path of each layer, adopting a CMT or TIG process, setting electric arc additive manufacturing process parameters, and carrying out layer-by-layer additive through the welding wires according to a preset path to obtain the aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component with the target size.
9. The method of eliminating air hole defects in an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component of claim 8, wherein the arc additive manufacturing process parameters include: additive current I, additive speed V, pulse number EP/EN value N and interlayer cooling time T; the I is 90-120A; v is 0.6-1.5 m/min, N is 1.0-3.0, T is 45-75 seconds.
10. The method for eliminating air hole defects of an aluminum/magnesium alloy additive component according to claim 8, further comprising, after the layer-by-layer additive is finished: cutting off the substrate of the aluminum/magnesium alloy member after the material addition is finished by adopting wire cutting, and then milling the aluminum/magnesium alloy material addition member to obtain the aluminum/magnesium alloy material addition member with proper size, thickness, flat surface and two flush surfaces.
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| CN117805145A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-04-02 | 西安汉华建筑实业有限公司 | Aluminum template surface defect detection method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117805145A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-04-02 | 西安汉华建筑实业有限公司 | Aluminum template surface defect detection method and system |
| CN117805145B (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-05-14 | 西安汉华建筑实业有限公司 | Aluminum template surface defect detection method and system |
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