CN117600584A - Electrolytic machining electrode and method for variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of hub support arm - Google Patents
Electrolytic machining electrode and method for variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of hub support arm Download PDFInfo
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- CN117600584A CN117600584A CN202311704879.3A CN202311704879A CN117600584A CN 117600584 A CN117600584 A CN 117600584A CN 202311704879 A CN202311704879 A CN 202311704879A CN 117600584 A CN117600584 A CN 117600584A
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- electrode
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- inner cavity
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining, in particular to an electrolytic machining electrode and a method for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm. The electrolytic machining electrode and the electrolytic machining method for the variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of the hub support arm aim to solve the problem that the accuracy of the inner cavity of the hub support arm is affected due to inconsistent interelectrode gaps between the electrode and a workpiece in the initial machining stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining, in particular to an electrochemical machining electrode and method for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm.
Background
The helicopter frequently uses the central hub to drive the blades to change angles in the processes of vertical take-off and landing, flying and hovering, so that various flying actions are realized. The hub support arm is used as a main component of three driving hinges of the hub and the blade, namely a pitch hinge, a shimmy hinge and a swing hinge, and is an important bearing part which is required to bear complex loads such as centrifugal force, a flapping bending moment, a shimmy bending moment and the like conducted by the blade. At the same time, the hub arms also need to withstand the shock loads of the engine and drive train, as well as atmospheric turbulence. The hub support arm presents a complex structure, is mostly provided with a variable cross-section inner cavity with interference characteristics, is made of high-performance titanium alloy difficult to cut, and is required to be good in integrity of a machining surface and capable of bearing high-strength variable load impact.
The hub support arm presents a rod-shaped piece, two ends are small, the middle space is large, and the shielding inner cavity is used for reducing weight and meeting the strength requirement, as shown in figure 1.
At present, the processing of the member with the shielding inner cavity mainly adopts a special horizontal boring machine for processing, and the boring process is limited due to small opening, large reaming diameter and long axial dimension, and is mainly characterized in that the processing of the two long ends of a workpiece is mainly performed, the cutter mark is inevitably connected, and the surface finish degree is inconsistent; the boring of the extended cutter bar, the vibration of the cutter head, the reduction of the cutter-taking amount, low efficiency and the like. Meanwhile, in order to realize boring, the size of the inlet hole cannot be designed to be too small, and the strength of the hub support arm is reduced to a certain extent.
Accordingly, the inventors provide an electrolytic machining electrode and method for a hub arm reducing shielding cavity.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention provides an electrolytic machining electrode and a method for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm, which solve the technical problem that the accuracy of the inner cavity of the hub support arm is affected due to inconsistent interelectrode gap between the electrode and a workpiece in the initial stage of machining.
(2) Technical proposal
The invention provides an electrolytic machining electrode for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm, which comprises an electrode body and a plurality of mutually isolated electrolyte cavities positioned in the electrode body, wherein each electrolyte cavity is independently communicated with a main liquid supply pipeline and is used for homogenizing a machining flow field through the main liquid supply pipeline.
Further, the electrode body is a single-edge electrode.
Further, the number of electrolyte chambers is at least three.
Further, the machining profile of the electrode body is a reducing surface.
Further, the middle straight section and the large curvature sections at the two ends of the electrode body are provided with electrolyte cavities.
Further, the main liquid supply pipeline is respectively communicated with each electrolyte cavity through a corresponding interface.
The second aspect of the invention provides an electrolytic machining method for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm, which comprises the following steps:
the electrolytic machining electrode is extended into the variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of the hub support arm to carry out electrolytic machining;
and regulating and controlling the electrolyte in each electrolyte cavity from the liquid inlet end by utilizing the main liquid supply pipeline, so that the electrolyte pressure/flow of the processing area in different time and space domains is balanced.
Further, the electrolytic machining electrode extends into the variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of the hub support arm to perform electrolytic machining, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the first stage, the clearance between the electrolytic machining electrode profile and the inner cavity of the workpiece is larger than a preset value, and electrolyte freely flows out;
the second stage, the middle straight section of the electrolytic machining electrode is attached to the inner cavity of the workpiece, the gap between the large curvature section of the electrolytic machining electrode and the inner cavity of the test piece is larger than the preset value, and the electrolyte freely flows out;
and in the third stage, the straight section and the large-curvature section of the electrolytic machining electrode are machined, each position point on the machining surface of the electrolytic machining electrode is identical to the machining gap of the corresponding workpiece inner cavity, and the electrolyte pressure is consistent.
Further, the second stage is a stage that the inner cavity of the workpiece is in electrode follow-up feeding and large-allowance material removal.
Further, the third stage is a stage that the inner cavity of the workpiece is in double Z-axis synchronous feeding and accurate machining of the final molded surface.
(3) Advantageous effects
In summary, the invention divides the inner cavity of the processing electrode to form a plurality of independent electrolyte cavities, and divides the electrolyte distribution in the electrode straight state and the electrolyte distribution in the large curvature state, thereby ensuring the electrolyte distribution in each area to be uniform and adapting to different time-space requirements; and each electrolyte cavity of the processing electrode is independently connected with the main liquid supply pipeline, and the electrolyte is actively regulated and controlled from the liquid inlet end, so that the electrolyte pressure or flow of the processing area in different time and space domains is balanced, and the processing flow field is homogenized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art helicopter hub boom;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electrolytic machining electrode for a hub arm reducing shielding cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an electrochemical machining electrode and main liquid supply pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an electrolytic machining method for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1-an electrode body; 101-an electrolyte chamber; 102, a liquid inlet; 2-a main liquid supply pipeline; 201-interface; 3-a workpiece.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally put in place when the product of the present invention is used, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolytic machining electrode for a hub support arm reducing shielding inner cavity, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 2-3, the electrolytic machining electrode comprises an electrode body 1 and a plurality of mutually isolated electrolyte cavities 101 positioned in the electrode body 1, wherein each electrolyte cavity 101 is separately communicated with a main liquid supply pipeline 2 and homogenizes a machining flow field through the main liquid supply pipeline 2.
In the above embodiment, in electrolytic processing of the deep-drawn shielded variable-diameter cavity, the electrolyte flows forward through the electrode internal cavity to the processing gap between the electrode and the test piece. During initial processing, the electrode molded surface and the test piece cylindrical molded surface cannot be completely attached, the processing gap is inconsistent, the electrolyte flow is inconsistent, and the electrolyte can flow out from the gap in a large quantity at the small pressure. At this time, it is considered that the electrolyte chambers in the electrodes are divided, and the electrolytes in the respective chambers in the electrolysis flow out independently without affecting each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the small area of the gap between the electrode and the test piece and the large area of the gap between the electrode and the inner cavity of the test piece have the same electrolyte outflow pressure, so that the electrolyte is uniformly distributed in the processing area. Aiming at the problem that the electrode profile and the workpiece cylindrical profile cannot be completely attached when in initial processing and the processing gap is inconsistent, thereby inconsistent electrolyte pressure is caused, the internal cavity of the electrode is subjected to partition design, and a plurality of independent liquid supply cavities are formed. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, the liquid inlet 102 of each electrolyte cavity 101 of the electrode is connected with the main liquid supply pipeline 2 through a corresponding interface 201, and the electrolyte is actively regulated and controlled from the liquid inlet end, so that the electrolyte pressure or flow of the processing area in different time and space domains is balanced, and the processing flow field is homogenized.
As an alternative embodiment, the electrode body 1 is a single-edged electrode. Because the electrode body 1 rotates in the inner cavity of the workpiece 3 under the drive of the external driving mechanism in the processing process, the single-blade electrode can meet the processing requirement.
As an alternative embodiment, the number of electrolyte chambers 101 is at least three. The specific number of the electrolyte chambers 101 is not limited, and can be set according to actual requirements, and in general, the number of the electrolyte chambers is not more than five, and the processing difficulty is high due to excessive number of electrolyte chambers.
As an alternative embodiment, the machining profile of the electrode body 1 is a tapered surface. The electrode body 1 is designed to adapt to the final shape of the workpiece cavity.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the middle straight section and the large curvature sections of both ends of the electrode body 1 have electrolyte chambers 101. Wherein, the electrode is separated from the electrode with a flat state and a large curvature state, so that the electrolyte in each area can be uniformly distributed.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an electrolytic machining method for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the method may include the following steps:
s100, extending an electrolytic machining electrode into a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm for electrolytic machining;
s200, regulating and controlling the electrolyte in each electrolyte cavity from the liquid inlet end by utilizing the main liquid supply pipeline, so that the electrolyte pressure/flow of the processing area in different time and space domains is balanced.
In an alternative embodiment, in step S200, the electrolytic machining electrode is extended into the reducing shielding cavity of the hub support arm to perform electrolytic machining, which specifically includes:
the first stage, the clearance between the electrolytic machining electrode profile and the inner cavity of the workpiece is larger than a preset value, and electrolyte freely flows out;
the second stage, the middle straight section of the electrolytic machining electrode is attached to the inner cavity of the workpiece, the gap between the large curvature section of the electrolytic machining electrode and the inner cavity of the test piece is larger than a preset value, and electrolyte freely flows out;
and in the third stage, the straight section and the large-curvature section of the electrolytic machining electrode are machined, each position point on the machining surface of the electrolytic machining electrode is identical to the machining gap of the corresponding workpiece inner cavity, and the electrolyte pressure is consistent.
In the above embodiment, the long-shielding variable-diameter inner cavity is electrolytically machined (first stage): the gap between the electrode profile and the inner cavity of the workpiece is large, electrolyte flows out uniformly and freely without pressure difference, and the electrolyte flows are uniformly distributed at the moment.
Deep-long-shielded-cavity electrolysis enters a primary stabilization stage (second stage): the middle straight section of the electrode is attached to the inner cavity (cylindrical surface) of the workpiece to form a small machining gap, and the electrolyte flow resistance is larger; the gap between the electrode large curvature section and the inner cavity of the test piece is large, and the electrolyte freely flows out. Although the flow resistance of the electrode straight section and the large curvature section are different, no influence is made on the processing result. The three cavities of the electrolyte in the straight section are all independent liquid supply, the electrolyte flows uniformly, the electrolyte processing is performed stably, and the test piece material is removed. The electrolyte outflow has no pressure in the large curvature section, and at this time, the electrode is far away from the surface of the inner cavity of the test piece, so that the processing amount is very weak. At this time, the deep and long shielding cavity is in the stage of electrode follow-up feeding and large allowance material removal.
As the electrolytic processing proceeds, the deep-drawn shielded cavity is electrolyzed into a stabilization stage (third stage): the electrode straight section and the large curvature section enter the processing, the section electrode is consistent with the processing gap of the inner cavity of the test piece, the wet circumference radius of the liquid supply pipeline of each electrolyte cavity is consistent, and the electrolyte pressure is consistent. Electrolyte in the straight section and the large curvature section of the electrode flows uniformly, and the processing is performed stably. At this time, the deep and long shielding cavity is in the stage of double Z-axis synchronous feeding and accurate machining of the final molded surface.
It should be understood that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in an incremental manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments are all referred to each other, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments. The invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known method techniques is omitted here for the sake of brevity.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations of this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An electrolytic machining electrode for a variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of a hub support arm is characterized by comprising an electrode body (1) and a plurality of mutually isolated electrolyte cavities (101) positioned in the electrode body (1), wherein each electrolyte cavity (101) is independently communicated with a main liquid supply pipeline (2) and is used for homogenizing a machining flow field through the main liquid supply pipeline (2).
2. The electrolytic machining electrode for a hub arm reducing shielding cavity according to claim 1, wherein the electrode body (1) is a single-blade electrode.
3. An electrolytic machining electrode for a hub-arm reducing shielding cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of electrolyte chambers (101) is at least three.
4. An electrolytic machining electrode for a hub arm reducing shielding cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that the machining profile of the electrode body (1) is a reducing surface.
5. The electrolytic machining electrode for a hub arm reducing shielding inner cavity according to claim 4, wherein the middle straight section and the large curvature sections at the two ends of the electrode body (1) are provided with electrolyte cavities (101).
6. Electrochemical machining electrode for rotor hub arm variable diameter shielding lumens according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that said main liquid supply conduit (2) is in communication with each of said electrolyte chambers (101) through a corresponding interface (201), respectively.
7. A method of electrolytic machining of a variable diameter shielded cavity of a hub arm using an electrolytic machining electrode as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising the steps of:
the electrolytic machining electrode is extended into the variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of the hub support arm to carry out electrolytic machining;
and regulating and controlling the electrolyte in each electrolyte cavity from the liquid inlet end by utilizing the main liquid supply pipeline, so that the electrolyte pressure/flow of the processing area in different time and space domains is balanced.
8. The electrolytic processing method according to claim 7, wherein the electrolytic processing is performed by inserting the electrolytic processing electrode into the variable-diameter shielding cavity of the hub arm, specifically comprising:
the first stage, the clearance between the electrolytic machining electrode profile and the inner cavity of the workpiece is larger than a preset value, and electrolyte freely flows out;
the second stage, the middle straight section of the electrolytic machining electrode is attached to the inner cavity of the workpiece, the gap between the large curvature section of the electrolytic machining electrode and the inner cavity of the test piece is larger than the preset value, and the electrolyte freely flows out;
and in the third stage, the straight section and the large-curvature section of the electrolytic machining electrode are machined, each position point on the machining surface of the electrolytic machining electrode is identical to the machining gap of the corresponding workpiece inner cavity, and the electrolyte pressure is consistent.
9. The electrolytic processing method according to claim 8, wherein the second stage is a stage in which the workpiece cavity is in a state in which the electrode is fed with a large margin of removed material.
10. The electrolytic machining method according to claim 8, wherein the third stage is a stage in which the workpiece cavity is in double Z-axis synchronous feed for precisely machining the final profile.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311704879.3A CN117600584A (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Electrolytic machining electrode and method for variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of hub support arm |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311704879.3A CN117600584A (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Electrolytic machining electrode and method for variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of hub support arm |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117600584A true CN117600584A (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311704879.3A Pending CN117600584A (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Electrolytic machining electrode and method for variable-diameter shielding inner cavity of hub support arm |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117600584A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-12 CN CN202311704879.3A patent/CN117600584A/en active Pending
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