CN117600376A - Forging process for heavy-duty truck hub bearing ring based on boss formed by upsetting cakes - Google Patents
Forging process for heavy-duty truck hub bearing ring based on boss formed by upsetting cakes Download PDFInfo
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- CN117600376A CN117600376A CN202311533029.1A CN202311533029A CN117600376A CN 117600376 A CN117600376 A CN 117600376A CN 202311533029 A CN202311533029 A CN 202311533029A CN 117600376 A CN117600376 A CN 117600376A
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- Prior art keywords
- upsetting
- cake
- sleeve
- wall
- shaping
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K27/00—Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof
- B21K27/06—Cutting-off means; Arrangements thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K7/00—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts
- B21K7/12—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts parts for locomotives or vehicles, e.g. frames, underframes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a forging process of a heavy-duty hub bearing ring based on upsetting cakes to form bosses, which comprises the following steps: discharging, namely cutting the long rod, and preparing a cylindrical bar for upsetting cakes; upsetting, namely upsetting the bar to obtain a cake material, wherein the center of the lower end surface of the cake material is provided with a truncated cone-shaped weight increasing boss, and the weight increasing boss is arranged to ensure that the inner ring of the forged bearing has enough weight; separating and integrally forging the cake material, and primarily obtaining an outer sleeve rough blank with a conical outer wall and a round inner sleeve rough blank after forging and separating; and then, adopting a cake upsetting die to perform cake upsetting shaping on the outer coarse blank to obtain an outer sleeve primary molding part, and shaping the outer sleeve coarse blank with the conical outer wall into an outer sleeve primary molding part with the cylindrical outer wall and the conical inner wall at one end. The process reserves and forges the material for heightening the bearing inner ring in the upsetting process, and performs primary shaping on the bearing outer ring before forging, so that the weight of the waste material core is greatly reduced, the material is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of bearing ring forging processes, in particular to a heavy-duty hub bearing ring forging process based on upsetting bosses.
The background technology is as follows:
hub bearings are important mechanical components of automobiles, and strict requirements are imposed on the life and reliability of the bearings. The bearing mainly comprises an inner ring, a steel ball, a sealing element and an outer ring. The inner and outer ring blanks of the series of bearings are formed by adopting forgings, particularly outer rings, and a cold rolling process is added to a plurality of high-grade bearings. The forging process of the existing bearing ring blank comprises upsetting and continuous hot forging, a material core is generated in the continuous hot forging process, the last material core in the forging process is generally scrapped, the heights of the outer ring and the inner ring of the existing conventional hub bearing ring are consistent, and finally, the generated material core is smaller, and the waste material is small; however, there are some differences in the heights of the outer ring and the inner ring of the hub bearing ring, such as the hub bearing ring forging shown in fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings, the height of the outer ring forming part 7 is obviously smaller than that of the inner ring forming part 10, in the conventional process, the bar stock is firstly upset to a cake material with the required height of the inner ring forming part 10, and then forging is carried out; however, the weight of the upsetting cake is far greater than the sum of the weights of the outer ring molding piece 7 and the inner ring molding piece 10, so that the scrapped core separated by final punching is larger and the material is wasted greatly; therefore, the process of the ferrule needs to be modified, the scrapped material cores are reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a heavy-duty hub bearing ring forging process based on upsetting to form a boss.
The forging process of the heavy-duty wheel hub bearing ring based on the boss formed by upsetting comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the long rod, and preparing a cylindrical bar for upsetting cakes;
(2) upsetting, namely upsetting the bar to obtain a cake material, wherein the center of the lower end surface of the cake material is provided with a truncated cone-shaped weight increasing boss, and the weight increasing boss is arranged to ensure that the inner ring of the forged bearing has enough weight;
(3) forging the cake material, and primarily obtaining an outer sleeve rough blank with a conical outer wall and a round inner sleeve rough blank after forging and separating;
then, upsetting and shaping the outer rough blank by adopting a upsetting die to obtain an outer primary molding part, and shaping the outer conical outer rough blank into an outer cylindrical outer wall outer conical inner conical outer conical primary molding part;
(4) performing outer sleeve rolling, namely performing rolling treatment on the outer sleeve primary forming part, and expanding the size of the outer sleeve primary forming part to obtain an outer sleeve rolling part;
(5) shaping the outer sleeve, shaping the outer sleeve rolling part, and controlling the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the outer sleeve rolling part to obtain an outer ring forming part;
(6) the inner sleeve rough blank separated in the step (3) can be subjected to cake upsetting treatment while the outer sleeve in the step (4) is subjected to outer sleeve rolling, so that an inner sleeve cake material is obtained;
(7) extruding the inner sleeve, and shaping the inner sleeve cake material in an extrusion mode to obtain an inner sleeve primary molding piece;
(8) and cutting the inner sleeve into a bottom, performing bottom cutting treatment on the inner sleeve primary molding part, and punching and cutting the center of the inner sleeve primary molding part by using a bottom cutting punch to obtain an inner ring molding part and a bottom material serving as waste.
Preferably, the outer sleeve rough blank in the step (3) is arranged upside down, and the diameter of the outer wall at the upper end of the outer sleeve rough blank is smaller than that of the outer wall at the lower end of the outer sleeve rough blank; the cake upsetting die in the step (3) comprises a round upper die table, wherein a conical shaping die head is formed in the middle of the lower end face of the upper die table; and a circular lower die table is arranged below the upper die table.
Preferably, a central cooling hole extending to the upper die table is formed in the center of the lower end face of the shaping die head, and a cooling inlet hole communicated with the central cooling hole is formed in the side wall of the upper die table.
Preferably, in the step (5), the diameter of the outer wall of the outer ring forming part is smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the outer sleeve ring rolling part.
Preferably, the height of the outer ring molding is smaller than the height of the inner ring molding.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the process reserves and forges the material for heightening the bearing inner ring in the upsetting process, and performs primary shaping on the bearing outer ring before forging, so that the weight of the waste material core is greatly reduced, the material is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a forged molding of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the forging process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a formed part at each stage of the forging process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a shaping heading cake die in the forging process of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a cake upsetting process in the forging process of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a bar stock; 2. cake materials; 3. sleeving a rough blank; 4. inner sleeve rough blank; 5. a jacket primary molding part; 6. a sleeve ring rolling part is sleeved; 7. an outer ring molding member; 8. lining cake materials; 9. an inner sleeve primary molding piece; 10. an inner ring molding member; 11. a backing material; 12. a lower die table; 13. an upper die table; 14. a first upsetting cake upper die; 15. a first upsetting lower die; 16. a second upsetting cake upper die; 17. a second upsetting lower die; 18. a third upsetting cake lower die; 19. a third upsetting cake upper die; 20. and (5) a die holder.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
examples: as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the forging process of the heavy-duty hub bearing ring based on upsetting to form a boss comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the long rod, and preparing a cylindrical bar 1 for upsetting cakes;
(2) upsetting, namely upsetting the bar 1 to obtain a cake 2, wherein the center of the lower end surface of the cake 2 is provided with a truncated cone-shaped weight increasing boss, and the weight increasing boss is arranged to ensure that the inner ring of the forged bearing has enough weight;
in order to process the weight-increasing boss at the lower part of the cake material 2, multi-step cake upsetting can be adopted, firstly, a bar 1 is placed between a first cake upsetting upper die 14 and a first cake upsetting lower die 15, the upper and lower dies of which are round, cake upsetting is carried out, and a first cake upsetting material 21 with a shortened length and an enlarged diameter is obtained; then, the first cake upsetting material 21 is placed between a second cake upsetting upper die 16 and a second cake upsetting lower die 17, wherein the second cake upsetting upper die 16 and the second cake upsetting lower die 17 are respectively provided with a conical upper male die 161 and a conical lower female die 171, cake upsetting is carried out, forming of weight increasing bosses on the cake material 2 is achieved, and the second cake upsetting material 21 with concave tables and bosses arranged below is obtained; finally, the second upsetting material 21 is placed between a third upsetting upper die 19 with a circular upsetting upper die and a third upsetting lower die 18 with a conical die groove 181, the upsetting is carried out again, the diameter of the second upsetting material 21 is expanded, a concave table at the upper part of the second upsetting material 21 is eliminated, in the last upsetting process, two die holders 20 with semicircular inner walls can be used for shaping and limiting, when the upsetting material 2 is taken, the upsetting step can be obtained by separating the die holders 20, and the upsetting step is shown in fig. 5;
(3) forging the cake material 2, and primarily obtaining an outer sleeve rough blank 3 with a conical outer wall and a round inner sleeve rough blank 4 after forging and separating;
then adopting a cake upsetting die to upsetting and shaping the outer coarse blank 3 to obtain an outer sleeve primary molding part 5, shaping the outer-wall conical outer-sleeve rough blank 3 into an outer-wall cylindrical outer-sleeve primary molding piece 5 with one end of the inner wall conical;
(4) performing outer sleeve rolling, namely performing rolling treatment on the outer sleeve primary forming part 5, and expanding the size of the outer sleeve primary forming part 5 to obtain an outer sleeve rolling part 6;
(5) shaping the outer sleeve, shaping the outer sleeve ring-rolling part 6, and controlling the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the outer sleeve ring-rolling part 6 to obtain an outer ring forming part 7; the inner walls of the outer ring forming piece 7, the outer sleeve ring rolling piece 6 and the outer sleeve primary forming piece 5 are respectively formed by a conical inner wall and a cylindrical inner wall, and the minimum diameter of the conical inner wall is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical inner wall.
(6) The inner sleeve rough blank 4 obtained in the step (3) can be subjected to cake upsetting treatment while the outer sleeve in the step (4) is subjected to outer sleeve rolling, so that an inner sleeve cake material 8 is obtained;
(7) extruding the inner sleeve, and shaping the inner sleeve cake material 8 in an extrusion mode to obtain an inner sleeve primary molding piece 9;
(8) and (3) cutting the bottom of the inner sleeve, namely cutting the bottom of the inner sleeve primary molding part 9, punching and cutting the center of the inner sleeve primary molding part 9 by utilizing a bottom cutting punch to obtain an inner ring molding part 10 and a bottom material 11 serving as waste, wherein the bottom material 11 is a scrapped material core, and in extrusion shaping of the inner sleeve cake material 8, the scrapped bottom material 11 is thinner because the reserved weight of the steps is equivalent to indirectly controlling the gravity of the material core by controlling the weight of materials used for forging the inner sleeve.
The outer sleeve rough blank 3 in the step (3) is arranged upside down, and the diameter of the outer wall at the upper end of the outer sleeve rough blank 3 is smaller than that of the outer wall at the lower end of the outer sleeve rough blank 3; the cake upsetting die in the step (3) comprises a round upper die table 13, and a conical shaping die head 131 is formed in the middle of the lower end surface of the upper die table 13; a circular lower die table 12 is arranged below the upper die table 13, as shown in fig. 4.
The center of the lower end surface of the shaping die head 131 is provided with a center cooling hole extending to the upper die table 13, the side wall of the upper die table 13 is provided with a cooling inlet hole 132 communicated with the center cooling hole, and the center cooling hole sprays water to cool the upper die table 13 and the lower die table 12.
The diameter of the outer wall of the outer ring forming piece 7 in the step (5) is smaller than that of the outer wall of the outer sleeve ring rolling piece 6.
The height of the outer ring molding 7 is smaller than the height of the inner ring molding 10.
Working principle: the invention relates to a heavy-duty wheel hub bearing ring forging process based on upsetting cakes to form bosses, which has the technical points that the process comprises the steps of (2) and (3), wherein in the step (2), a cake material 2 before forging is processed into a structure shown in figure 3, the lower end face of the cake material 2 is provided with a weight increasing boss, and the weight increasing boss part is made of a material prepared for manufacturing an inner ring forming part 10;
then in the step (3) of stamping separation, the weight increasing boss part is fused into the inner sleeve rough blank 4, so that the forged and heightened bearing inner ring is made of enough material; in the step (3), upsetting cake shaping treatment is further carried out, and the cake material 2 can be processed into an initial forming structure of the outer ring through separation and matching shaping.
The examples are presented to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications to the described embodiment may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is therefore set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The forging process of the heavy-duty wheel hub bearing ring based on the boss formed by upsetting comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the long bar, and preparing a cylindrical bar (1) for upsetting cakes;
(2) upsetting, namely upsetting the bar (1) to obtain a cake material (2), wherein the center of the lower end surface of the cake material (2) is provided with a truncated cone-shaped weight increasing boss, and the weight increasing boss is arranged to ensure that the inner ring of the forged bearing has enough weight;
(3) forging the cake material (2), and primarily obtaining an outer sleeve rough blank (3) with a conical outer wall and a round inner sleeve rough blank (4) after forging and separating;
then, upsetting and shaping the outer rough blank (3) by adopting a upsetting die to obtain an outer sleeve primary molding part (5), shaping the outer conical outer sleeve rough blank (3) into an outer cylindrical outer wall outer conical outer sleeve primary molding part (5) with one conical end of the inner wall;
(4) performing rolling treatment on the jacket primary molding piece (5), and expanding the size of the jacket primary molding piece (5) to obtain a jacket rolling piece (6);
(5) shaping the outer sleeve, shaping the outer sleeve rolling part (6), and controlling the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the outer sleeve rolling part (6) to obtain an outer ring forming part (7);
(6) the inner sleeve upsetting cake can be subjected to upsetting cake treatment on the inner sleeve rough blank (4) obtained in the step (3) while the outer sleeve rolling in the step (4) is carried out, so that an inner sleeve cake material (8) is obtained;
(7) extruding the inner sleeve, and shaping the inner sleeve cake material (8) in an extrusion mode to obtain an inner sleeve primary molding piece (9);
(8) and cutting the inner sleeve into a bottom, performing bottom cutting treatment on the inner sleeve primary molding part (9), and punching and cutting the center of the inner sleeve primary molding part (9) by using a bottom cutting punch to obtain an inner ring molding part (10) and a bottom material (11) serving as waste.
2. The forging process of the heavy truck hub bearing ring based on upsetting boss, as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that: the outer sleeve rough blank (3) in the step (3) is arranged upside down, and the diameter of the outer wall of the upper end of the outer sleeve rough blank (3) is smaller than that of the outer wall of the lower end of the outer sleeve rough blank (3); the cake upsetting die in the step (3) comprises a round upper die table (13), and a conical shaping die head (131) is formed in the middle of the lower end surface of the upper die table (13); a round lower die table (12) is arranged below the upper die table (13).
3. The forging process of the heavy-duty wheel hub bearing ring based on upsetting boss as recited in claim 2, wherein the forging process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the center of the lower end surface of the shaping die head (131) is provided with a central cooling hole extending to the upper die table (13), and the side wall of the upper die table (13) is provided with a cooling inlet hole (132) communicated with the central cooling hole.
4. The forging process of the heavy truck hub bearing ring based on upsetting boss, as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of the outer wall of the outer ring forming part (7) in the step (5) is smaller than that of the outer wall of the outer sleeve ring rolling part (6).
5. The forging process of the heavy truck hub bearing ring based on upsetting boss, as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of the outer ring molding (7) is smaller than the height of the inner ring molding (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311533029.1A CN117600376A (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Forging process for heavy-duty truck hub bearing ring based on boss formed by upsetting cakes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311533029.1A CN117600376A (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Forging process for heavy-duty truck hub bearing ring based on boss formed by upsetting cakes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117600376A true CN117600376A (en) | 2024-02-27 |
Family
ID=89955486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311533029.1A Pending CN117600376A (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Forging process for heavy-duty truck hub bearing ring based on boss formed by upsetting cakes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117600376A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-11-17 CN CN202311533029.1A patent/CN117600376A/en active Pending
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