CN117599355A - Quick quality control system and method for radiotherapy - Google Patents
Quick quality control system and method for radiotherapy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117599355A CN117599355A CN202311780638.7A CN202311780638A CN117599355A CN 117599355 A CN117599355 A CN 117599355A CN 202311780638 A CN202311780638 A CN 202311780638A CN 117599355 A CN117599355 A CN 117599355A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1075—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for testing, calibrating, or quality assurance of the radiation treatment apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1071—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the dose delivered by the treatment plan
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
- G16H20/40—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
- A61N2005/1061—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam using an x-ray imaging system having a separate imaging source
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1092—Details
- A61N2005/1094—Shielding, protecting against radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1092—Details
- A61N2005/1095—Elements inserted into the radiation path within the system, e.g. filters or wedges
Abstract
The invention provides a rapid quality control system and a rapid quality control method for radiotherapy, comprising a three-dimensional light-transmitting water tank, wherein a quantum dot aqueous solution is packaged inside the three-dimensional light-transmitting water tank; the radiation accelerator emits X or electrons or other rays to irradiate the three-dimensional water tank, and the quantum dot solution carries out spectrum regulation and control on the Cerenkov light generated in the water tank, so that the optical signal of the three-dimensional water tank is more suitable for being detected; an optical imaging detector for detecting and transmitting multi-angle optical images of the water tank after radiation irradiation; and the computer processing unit is used for receiving the optical image, reconstructing the light intensity distribution of the three-dimensional water tank, and combining the conversion coefficient to obtain the spatial dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank. The invention is based on the Cerenkov light generated by the radiation accelerator beam in the three-dimensional water tank, combines the spectrum regulation and control of the quantum dots, improves the optical imaging signal to noise ratio, and realizes the rapid and accurate measurement of the dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank through multi-angle optical detection and reconstruction conversion, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid, comprehensive and accurate quality control of radiation therapy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiotherapy, in particular to a system and a method for rapid quality control of radiotherapy.
Background
Radiation therapy is one of three major means for treating tumors, and aims to kill tumor cells to the maximum extent and effectively protect surrounding normal tissues and vital organs. Large medical radiation treatment equipment, such as linac performance, treatment planning schemes, etc., must have strict quality control to ensure that the correct radiation treatment is delivered to the patient. Currently, quality control techniques based on three-dimensional dose measurement are the most effective means of radiotherapy quality control. The three-dimensional water tank ionization chamber scanning system is the most commonly used three-dimensional dose quality control technology, can be used as an important tool for verifying various dosimetry parameters of an accelerator and verifying a treatment plan scheme, and plays an important role in radiotherapy quality control work. Although the three-dimensional water tank ionization chamber scanning system can automatically acquire various dosimetry parameters, the three-dimensional water tank ionization chamber scanning system still has the defects of low efficiency, long measurement time, limited spatial resolution and the like, and can not be ensured to be capable of actively implementing relevant quality control measurement under the condition that the treatment time of most of the domestic hospitals is short. Therefore, development of a three-dimensional dosage quality control system and method with good linearity, high measurement efficiency and high spatial resolution in real time is urgently needed.
In recent years, researchers at home and abroad propose to use the cerenkov effect to measure the radiotherapy dosage, and develop related researches around the application of cerenkov light in real-time measurement of the dosage distribution in a radiotherapy patient, but the researches are limited by the characteristics of poor penetrability, weak light intensity and emission anisotropy of cerenkov light in tissues, and the difficulties of accurate quantitative measurement, three-dimensional dosage distribution acquisition and the like are not solved yet. Based on earlier research, combining the characteristics and the requirements of radiotherapy quality control, realizing three-dimensional dosage quality control based on Cerenkov light generated in a three-dimensional water tank has greater feasibility and application potential.
Although the problem of poor penetrability in tissues is solved by applying the cerenkov light to the dose distribution measurement in the water tank, the problems of weaker light intensity and emission anisotropy exist, and the accuracy of the cerenkov light applied to three-dimensional dose quality control is limited. On the one hand, the intensity of the cerenkov light is weak, and the intensity of the cerenkov light is inversely proportional to the square of the wavelength, more cerenkov light signals are concentrated in a short wave band, the penetrability and the detection efficiency of an optical imaging detector are poor in matching, so that the value of the optical imaging signal is low, the measurement uncertainty is reduced by increasing the exposure time of single-frame optical imaging, and the efficiency and the time resolution of the whole radiotherapy quality control process are reduced. On the other hand, the radiation treatment beam generates the cerenkov light in the three-dimensional water tank and has the characteristic of emission anisotropy, and the optical imaging detector has different detection efficiencies on cerenkov light generated at different positions, so that the optical three-dimensional reconstruction is distorted, and the accuracy of three-dimensional dose measurement is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a radiotherapy rapid quality control system and method which can obtain three-dimensional dose distribution, and has good real-time linearity, simple measurement, high efficiency and high resolution.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems: a radiation therapy rapid quality control system, comprising: a three-dimensional light-transmitting water tank internally packaged with quantum dot aqueous solution; the radiation accelerator emits X or electrons or other rays to irradiate the three-dimensional water tank, and the quantum dot solution carries out spectrum regulation and signal enhancement on the Cerenkov light generated in the water tank, so that the optical image signal of the three-dimensional water tank is easier to detect; an optical imaging detector for detecting and transmitting multi-angle optical images of the water tank after radiation irradiation; and the computer processing unit is used for receiving the optical image, reconstructing the light intensity distribution of the three-dimensional water tank and combining the conversion coefficient to obtain the spatial dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank.
Further, the solvent in the quantum dot aqueous solution is deionized water, and the solute material is a quantum dot with stable luminescence, including carbon quantum dots, cadmium quantum dots, indium quantum dots and perovskite quantum dots.
Further, the concentration of the quantum dots is 0.1-1g/L.
Further, the optical imaging detector includes: the filter is matched with a wave crest emitted by the quantum dot aqueous solution in the three-dimensional water tank and a peak wave band of the detection efficiency of the detector, filters photons passing through the quantum dot aqueous solution, and only retains optical photons near the wave band for imaging.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: and the 360-degree rotating system is used for carrying the optical imaging detector, so that the optical imaging detector integrally surrounds the three-dimensional water tank to form an optical image with any angle within a 360-degree range, and the spatial angle information of the optical imaging detector is transmitted to the computer processing unit and the movement and the stay of the optical imaging detector are controlled in real time.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: and the time gating system is arranged on the optical imaging detector and connected with the linear accelerator system to realize the synchronization of the shutter of the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector and the beam pulse.
Further, the computer processing unit obtains the spatial dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank specifically as follows: and receiving the optical image, deducting background light, performing optical three-dimensional reconstruction based on limited optical detection information, converting light intensity distribution into dose distribution according to a conversion coefficient, further comparing and analyzing with a reference value to generate a visual chart, and finally automatically judging a quality control result.
The application also discloses a radiotherapy rapid quality control method using any one of the above systems, comprising: s1, preparing a quantum dot aqueous solution in a three-dimensional water tank according to the requirements of quality control indexes; s2, acquiring background light images of all angles by using the radiotherapy rapid quality control system of any one of the above 1-7, and reconstructing to obtain the background light distribution in the three-dimensional water tank; s3, emitting beams according to a radiotherapy quality control scheme, and driving the optical imaging detector to rotate by a 360-degree rotation system according to the setting, so that a multi-angle optical image is obtained by detection. S4: the computer processing unit obtains light intensity distribution in the three-dimensional water tank based on an optical reconstruction algorithm, obtains net light intensity distribution after deducting background light distribution, and obtains dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank by combining a conversion coefficient; s5: the computer processing unit compares the measured value with the reference value to generate a visual analysis chart, and automatically judges the quality control result.
Further, before the quality control index is required, preparing the quantum dot aqueous solution in the three-dimensional water tank, including preparing a quality control scheme and a plan according to the quality control requirement of radiotherapy, and preparing various beam-out parameters of the linear accelerator to obtain a reference value or a calculated value of the quality control index.
According to the invention, quantum dots are introduced into the three-dimensional water tank to regulate and control optical spectrum and emission angle and enhance signals, and the peak of the quantum dot emission spectrum is matched with the peak wave band of the detection efficiency of the optical imaging detector. The cerenkov light can be converted into isotropically emitted fluorescence through the quantum dots, and the luminous intensity is enhanced. Meanwhile, the optical photons near the peak wave band of the detection efficiency of the optical imaging detector are reserved by combining the spectrum matching filter, so that the optical imaging intensity is improved, the interference of photons in other wave bands is eliminated, the influence of background light on a measurement result can be reduced, and the signal to noise ratio is improved. Through the technical innovation of the aspects, the method can realize the rapid and accurate quality control of the radiotherapy three-dimensional dosage by adopting the cerenkov light generated in the transparent three-dimensional water tank, and solve the key problems caused by weaker light intensity and cerenkov light emission anisotropy.
More specifically, the invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages: (1) Based on the Cerenkov light generated by the radiation therapy linac beam in the three-dimensional water tank, the spectrum regulation and control of the quantum dots and the spectrum matching enhancement signal detection by the camera are combined, and the rapid and accurate measurement of the dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank is realized through multi-angle optical detection and reconstruction conversion, so that the purpose of rapid, comprehensive and accurate quality control of radiation therapy is achieved, the radiation therapy effect is ensured to the greatest extent, and the radiation safety of patients is ensured. (2) Any point in the three-dimensional water tank is equivalent to the sensitive volume of the detector, and three-dimensional dose distribution information with higher spatial resolution can be obtained through optical detection outside the three-dimensional water tank without arranging the detector or changing the composition of components in the water tank. (3) The cerenkov light has the characteristics of quick response time and short light emitting time, is convenient to realize real-time quick measurement, and solves the problems of weak light intensity and emission anisotropy based on spectrum regulation and signal enhancement of quantum dots. (4) The optical imaging has the advantages of high sensitivity and simple operation, and the price of the optical detection instrument is relatively low, so that the quality control work of radiotherapy can be positively carried out in hospitals.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a radiotherapy rapid quality control system.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a quality control method of a rapid quality control system for radiotherapy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples in order to provide a better understanding of the aspects of the invention and advantages thereof. However, the following description of specific embodiments and examples is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1: the invention discloses a rapid quality control system for radiotherapy, which comprises a three-dimensional light-transmitting water tank (1) for packaging quantum dot aqueous solution, an optical imaging detector (2) for acquiring optical photons, wherein the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector (2) is provided with a high-dynamic-range high-light-transmitting imaging lens (3), a filter (4) matched with a quantum dot emission wave band is arranged between the high-light-transmitting imaging lens (3) and a photosensitive element of the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector (2), the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector is also coupled with a time gating system (5), a 360-degree rotating system (6) can be carried with the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector (2) to acquire background light and signal light images of any angle within a 360-degree range, a computer processing unit (7) is used for processing the optical images acquired at all angles and reconstructing based on an optical reconstruction technology to obtain three-dimensional light intensity distribution, and finally obtaining three-dimensional space dose distribution of beams in the three-dimensional water tank according to conversion coefficients between light intensity and dose deposition.
The three-dimensional water tank adopted in the embodiment has the dimensions of 50cm multiplied by 50cm, the outer wall material is transparent organic glass, and the wall thickness is 10mm; the water injection communicating vessel with the upper opening and the lower opening is arranged at the side angle of the box body, and the water drain valve is arranged at the front middle lower edge of the box body, so that quick water injection and water drainage are realized.
The quantum dot aqueous solution solvent is deionized water, the solute material is a quantum dot with stable luminescence, such as a cadmium quantum dot, an indium quantum dot, a perovskite quantum dot and the like, and the concentration of the quantum dot is 0.1-1g/L.
The quantum dots can carry out spectrum regulation and signal enhancement on the Cerenkov light generated by the beam in the solution; the absorption spectrum wave band of the quantum dot is 300-400nm, and the emission spectrum wave peak of the quantum dot is matched with the detection efficiency peak wave band of the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector. Therefore, X or electron or other rays firstly generate the Cerenkov light in the three-dimensional water tank, the Cerenkov light further excites the quantum dots to generate fluorescence in a specific wave band, and the fluorescence passes through a band-pass filter in the specific wave band and is detected by a high-sensitivity optical imaging detector. The optical image signals of each angle are easier to detect by spectrum regulation and signal enhancement.
The absorption spectrum band of the quantum dot is 300-400nm, and the emission peak is 450nm.
The high-light-transmission imaging lens is an aperture-adjustable lens, the aperture adjustment range is as large as possible, and the aperture value range is not larger than F/5.6 so as to meet different imaging conditions. Typical aperture values range from F/1.2 to F/5.6.
A bandpass filter is packaged between the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector and the high-transmittance imaging lens, the transmission wave band of the bandpass filter is 450+/-20 nm, and the emission spectrum peak of the quantum dot is matched with the bandpass filter and the detection efficiency peak wave band of the optical imaging detector, so that the interference of other light (including background ambient light) is reduced, and the signal to noise ratio is improved.
The radiation therapy quick quality control system further comprises a 360-degree rotating system, the optical imaging detector assembly is carried, so that an optical image of any angle in a 360-degree range is formed by the optical imaging detector assembly in the whole ring three-dimensional water tank, and the spatial angle information of the optical imaging detector assembly is transmitted to the computer processing unit and the movement and the stay of the optical imaging detector assembly are controlled in real time. For example, a 360-degree rotating system can also realize uniform speed-changing rotation and fixed-point stay.
The rapid quality control system for radiotherapy is also provided with a time gating system which is arranged on the optical imaging detector component and connected with the linear accelerator system, so that the shutter of the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector is synchronous with the beam pulse. Specifically, the time gating system comprises a scintillator and an SiPM silicon photomultiplier remote triggering module, and has the functions of generating a ray signal and collecting the ray signal respectively, so that the time gating ground function can be realized.
In particular, the high sensitivity optical imaging detector in the present application may be a CCD, a CMOS or a combination of both.
The computer processing unit has the function of deducting background light, can carry out optical three-dimensional reconstruction based on limited optical detection information, can convert light intensity distribution into dose distribution according to conversion coefficients, further generates a visual chart through comparison analysis with a reference value, and finally carries out automatic judgment on a quality control result.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a quality control method implementation of a radiotherapy rapid quality control system according to the present invention, and the specific flow is as follows:
step one: and (3) according to the quality control requirements of the radiotherapy, making a quality control scheme and a plan, and preparing various beam-output parameters of the linear accelerator to obtain a reference value or a calculated value of a quality control index.
Step two: the rapid quality control system for radiotherapy is arranged according to the quality control scheme of radiotherapy, and the quantum dot aqueous solution in the three-dimensional water tank is prepared according to the selected concentration.
Step three: and acquiring background light images of all angles by using a radiotherapy rapid quality control system, and reconstructing to obtain the background light distribution in the three-dimensional water tank.
Step four: and (3) emitting beams according to a radiotherapy quality control scheme, and driving the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector to rotate by a 360-degree rotating system according to the setting, so as to obtain multi-angle optical images by detection.
Step five: the computer processing unit obtains light intensity distribution in the three-dimensional water tank based on an optical reconstruction algorithm, obtains net light intensity distribution after deducting background light distribution, and obtains dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank by combining a conversion coefficient; the conversion coefficient can be obtained through Monte-Card simulation calculation, and can also be obtained through graduation of the measured dosage value of the standard ionization chamber.
Step six: the computer processing unit compares the measured value with the reference value to generate a visual analysis chart, and automatically judges the quality control result.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more detailed description of embodiments of the present application, wherein specific examples are provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application, the above examples being provided solely to assist in the understanding of the methods of the present application and the core ideas thereof; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have modifications in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.
Claims (9)
1. A radiation therapy rapid quality control system, comprising:
a three-dimensional light-transmitting water tank internally packaged with quantum dot aqueous solution;
the radiation accelerator emits X or electrons or other rays to irradiate the three-dimensional water tank, and the quantum dot solution carries out spectrum regulation and signal enhancement on the Cerenkov light generated in the water tank, so that the optical signal of the three-dimensional water tank is easier to detect;
an optical imaging detector for detecting and transmitting multi-angle optical images of the water tank after radiation irradiation;
and the computer processing unit is used for receiving the optical image, reconstructing the light intensity distribution of the three-dimensional water tank and combining the conversion coefficient to obtain the spatial dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank.
2. The rapid quality control system for radiation therapy according to claim 1, wherein the solvent in the aqueous solution of quantum dots is deionized water, and the solute material is a quantum dot with stable luminescence, including carbon quantum dots, cadmium quantum dots, indium quantum dots and perovskite quantum dots.
3. The radiation therapy rapid quality control system of claim 2, wherein the quantum dot concentration is 0.1-1g/L.
4. The radiation therapy rapid quality control system of claim 1, wherein the optical imaging detector comprises:
the filter is matched with a wave crest emitted by the quantum dot aqueous solution in the three-dimensional water tank and a peak wave band of the detection efficiency of the detector, filters photons passing through the quantum dot aqueous solution, and only retains optical photons near the wave band for imaging.
5. The radiation therapy rapid quality control system of claim 1, further comprising: and the 360-degree rotating system is used for carrying the optical imaging detector, so that the optical imaging detector integrally surrounds the three-dimensional water tank to form an optical image with any angle within a 360-degree range, and the spatial angle information of the optical imaging detector is transmitted to the computer processing unit and the movement and the stay of the optical imaging detector are controlled in real time.
6. The radiation therapy rapid quality control system of claim 5, further comprising: and the time gating system is arranged on the optical imaging detector and connected with the linear accelerator system to realize the synchronization of the shutter of the high-sensitivity optical imaging detector and the beam pulse.
7. The rapid quality control system for radiation therapy according to claim 6, wherein the computer processing unit obtains a spatial dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank as follows:
and receiving the optical image, deducting background light, performing optical three-dimensional reconstruction based on limited optical detection information, converting light intensity distribution into dose distribution according to a conversion coefficient, further comparing and analyzing with a reference value to generate a visual chart, and finally automatically judging a quality control result.
8. A rapid quality control method for radiotherapy by using any one of the systems 1 to 7, comprising:
s1, preparing a quantum dot aqueous solution in a three-dimensional water tank according to the requirements of quality control indexes;
s2, acquiring background light images of all angles by using the radiotherapy rapid quality control system of any one of the above 1-7, and reconstructing to obtain the background light distribution in the three-dimensional water tank;
s3, emitting beams according to a radiotherapy quality control scheme, and driving the optical imaging detector to rotate by a 360-degree rotation system according to the setting, so that a multi-angle optical image is obtained by detection.
S4: the computer processing unit obtains light intensity distribution in the three-dimensional water tank based on an optical reconstruction algorithm, obtains net light intensity distribution after deducting background light distribution, and obtains dose distribution in the three-dimensional water tank by combining a conversion coefficient;
s5: the computer processing unit compares the measured value with the reference value to generate a visual analysis chart, and automatically judges the quality control result.
9. The rapid quality control method for radiation therapy according to claim 10,
before the quality control index is required, preparing the quantum dot aqueous solution in the three-dimensional water tank, and preparing various beam-out parameters of the linear accelerator according to the quality control requirement of radiotherapy to obtain a reference value or a calculated value of the quality control index.
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| CN202311780638.7A CN117599355A (en) | 2023-12-22 | 2023-12-22 | Quick quality control system and method for radiotherapy |
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| CN202311780638.7A CN117599355A (en) | 2023-12-22 | 2023-12-22 | Quick quality control system and method for radiotherapy |
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| CN202311780638.7A Pending CN117599355A (en) | 2023-12-22 | 2023-12-22 | Quick quality control system and method for radiotherapy |
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