CN117591079A - Design construction method of enterprise-level integrated operation management system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a design and construction method of an enterprise-level integrated operation management system, which comprises the following steps: step 1, planning; step 2, analyzing; step 3, designing; step 4, constructing; step 5, testing; step 6, deployment; the method covers all stages of the full life cycle of the integrated operation management system, from project planning and scope determination to system deployment and value realization. Not only is a set of developed and implemented methodologies, but also a set of business integration methodologies. The method effectively integrates departments and business processes of enterprises, provides uniform data view and real-time information, improves working efficiency and quality, optimizes resource allocation and cost control, establishes a comprehensive business data analysis platform, promotes innovation and transformation of the enterprises, can effectively improve competitiveness and strategic layout of the enterprises, can better grasp market demands and trends, optimizes resource allocation and product combination, and improves product quality and service level.

Description

Design construction method of enterprise-level integrated operation management system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of digital information management, in particular to a design and construction method of an enterprise-level integrated operation management system.

Background

Based on national digital development strategy and digital transformation trend of the power industry, along with continuous expansion and refinement of business processes of the power enterprises, increasingly huge and complex data information and internal resources of the enterprises, advanced integration development process of the digital and energy industries is promoted, operation standardization and transparency modes inside the power enterprises are created, enterprise-level integrated management and control is realized, and further the improvement of enterprise resource optimization configuration and operation management is supported to become necessary requirements and trend of future development of the enterprises.

The current large-scale enterprise in China is obviously delayed from the rapid development of business in the aspects of developing the construction, the implementation of overall management and the centralized design of an enterprise operation management system under the guideline of adhering to the enterprise-level unified construction principle. The method has the advantages that the method still has defects in aspects of service bearing, system infrastructure, informatization management and the like, and the construction of an enterprise platform system still has obvious problems, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

data management problem: the problems of insufficient data information mining, low data quality, poor standardized effect display effect and the like still exist in the aspects of data standardization and lean management, and the limitation exists on the scientific development of standardization work;

The system has unclear positioning: the related enterprise-level architecture, future digital architecture, positioning and functional division of each system and the like have defects, so that the further high-quality application of the existing system and the digital transformation of the whole enterprise are restricted;

the service coordination capability is weak: data sharing is not smooth, and data sharing among different departments is difficult to achieve and information circulation is difficult. In addition, the lack of effective communication and collaboration tools results in problems such as difficult tissue communication, insufficient business collaboration support, and the like.

Therefore, the principles of unified principle, unified template, unified standard and unified flow are adhered to on the basis of the existing related digital transformation theory research and the positioning of the service base of the integrated operation management platform, the value management is taken as a main line, the core resources are mutually fused as a core function, the internal channels are rapidly opened, and the service is supported to be operated in an integrated and efficient manner. An enterprise-level integrated operation management system suitable for the current development situation of a central enterprise in China is built, data sharing, business coordination and resource optimization configuration promotion are realized, and therefore the management level and the competitiveness of enterprises are improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a design and construction method of an enterprise-level integrated operation management system, which covers all stages of the whole life cycle of the integrated operation management system, from project planning and range determination to system deployment and value realization. Not only is a set of developed and implemented methodologies, but also a set of business integration methodologies.

A design construction method of an enterprise-level integrated operation management system comprises the following steps:

step 1, planning: the planning stage mainly performs preparation work for earlier implementation of the project, including project planning, project planning, identifying relevant stakeholders, collecting and sorting the expectations of the relevant stakeholders on the project, and the like.

Step 2, analysis: the analysis stage mainly aims at identifying and determining the requirements of all relevant stakeholders on business processes, application systems, technical architecture, training, support after online and the like. Unlike other implementations, we emphasize how to collect the relevant demands exactly rather than just the description of the status quo. The requirements come from two aspects, namely the requirements formed by related stakeholders, such as business problems and the like which are urgently needed to be solved at present; another aspect is where improvement is needed as found by the implementation advisor by comparing the current business status of the refining process company with best practices. At this stage, a demand list is formed, and each demand is continuously tracked later, so that the final implementation of landing is ensured.

Step 3, designing: the work of the design stage comprises business flow design, application system function design, RICEFW design and technical architecture design, and defines user roles based on new flows and collects end user training requirements; wherein the RICEFW design content comprises: report, interface, custom, enhancement, form, and Workflow.

Step 4, construction: the work of the construction stage is mainly to perform related system implementation work based on the result of the design stage, such as configuration of an SAP ERP system, RICEFW development, single function test (unit test) of the system, user training materials for developing and writing projects, and the like.

Step 5, testing: the testing stage comprises application system testing, system pressure testing, user receiving testing and the like, and aims to comprehensively monitor whether each function of the system meets the related requirements of a business department or not, and whether the performance, the stability and the like of the system meet the requirements or not.

Step 6, deployment: the work of the deployment stage mainly comprises end user training and system on-line switching work.

Preferably, in the business process design of the step 3, business requirement investigation and analysis are required, combing analysis is carried out on project process assets in the test point stage, and experience teaching and training suitable for popularization and implementation stages is summarized and proposed; meanwhile, the demand investigation work of the central enterprise is carried out by adopting an investigation questionnaire and system data collection mode, the current situation of the test point unit business and the investigation result are comprehensively evaluated, the field interview investigation is carried out aiming at the key units, and the depth and the breadth of the investigation are ensured. During the demand investigation analysis, the whole participation of key users is ensured, the tie effect of the key user engagement project group and the implementation unit is exerted, and the demand and pain points of the implementation unit are fully excavated; the specific business process design comprises the following steps:

A. Making detailed investigation plans

B. The deep investigation adopts a plurality of investigation modes including investigation questionnaires, field investigation, telephone communication and video conferences to carry out service investigation on each service unit respectively so as to form investigation analysis reports.

C. And (3) carrying out differential analysis on investigation results, analyzing management, system, business process, business requirement and informatization degree of each central enterprise, and providing a differential analysis report.

D. The whole group analyzes the report result, gives the whole proposal for the business difference according to the comprehensive condition of each edition, and makes full preparation for the subsequent promotion of blueprint updating.

Preferably, in the application system function design of step 3, the business layer-by-layer application and unit batch pushing strategy need to be adhered to, and the business layer is according to the scheme of business standardization, flow automation, processing intellectualization and management intellectualization. The new generation e-commerce platform adopts a construction mode of separating design and development, uses advanced tools such as spark EA, axure and the like, applies a distributed application architecture taking micro service as a main form, adopts an automatic deployment mode of cloud and DevOps on the whole, and provides technical support for complex functions of the system in the aspects of architecture, storage and the like.

Preferably, in the technical architecture design of step 3, the commonality of each business of each edition of an enterprise is considered, the overall technical architecture of the system provides a unified and standardized mode, the scalability and reliability of the system are ensured, the security and privacy protection are provided, the system integration and interoperability are realized, and the technical model selection and evaluation are performed; the concrete technical architecture comprises four layers from top to bottom;

presentation layer: the portal application adopts the mainstream WEB technology to develop and deploy, so that the service function interaction usability of the SAP system is improved; and the mobile office integrated workflow platform improves the working efficiency.

Application layer: SAP S/4HANA-ERP is used as a core service platform, and PO enterprise service bus is used as an integration middleware.

Database layer: and the main stream interfaces in the industry are supported by combining SAPHANA, mySQL with databases such as Oracle and the like.

Base layer: including operating systems, networks, firewalls, other IP-based facilities, upstream/downstream protocols, and upstream/downstream standards.

The invention has the advantages and technical effects that:

1. integrating various departments and business processes of an enterprise: the integrated operation management system can integrate various departments and business processes of enterprises, and realize efficient communication and coordination of information flow and logistics. This eliminates data redundancy and duplication of work, improves work efficiency, and reduces communication and coordination costs.

2. Providing unified data views and real-time information: the integrated management system can provide unified data view and real-time information, help an enterprise management layer to comprehensively know the operation condition of an enterprise, monitor and analyze data in real time and make decisions quickly. This helps to achieve centralized management and control of information.

3. Work efficiency and quality are improved: the integrated operation management system can automatically process and manage the core business processes of enterprises, such as purchasing, selling, stock, production and the like, reduce manual operation and errors, and improve the working efficiency and quality. Meanwhile, the system can also provide real-time data analysis and report, so that enterprises can quickly find problems and take corresponding measures.

4. Optimizing resource configuration and cost control: the integrated operation management system can comprehensively understand the operation conditions of various aspects of the enterprise, including the use conditions of resources such as manpower, materials, equipment and the like, and helps the enterprise optimize resource allocation and cost control. Through reasonable scheduling and utilization of resources, enterprises can reduce cost, improve profit margin and improve market competitiveness.

5. Establishing a comprehensive business data analysis platform: through the integrated operation management system, the enterprise can establish a comprehensive business data analysis platform. The platform can collect, sort and analyze data of various aspects of enterprises, such as sales, inventory, cost and the like, and help an enterprise management layer to better know business conditions and trends through visual report forms and chart display so as to make scientific decisions.

6. Promote the innovation and transformation of enterprises: the integrated operation management system can promote the innovation and the revolution of enterprises. By integrating different business processes and modules, the traditional department barriers can be broken, and team cooperation and innovation thinking can be promoted. Meanwhile, the system provides real-time data and analysis results, helps enterprises find problems and opportunities, and guides the enterprises to improve and optimize.

7. Promote enterprise's competitiveness and strategic layout: the innovative performance of the integrated business management system is also expressed in terms of improving the competitiveness and strategic layout of the enterprise. Through comprehensive management and comprehensive data analysis of the system, enterprises can better grasp market demands and trends, optimize resource allocation and product combination, improve product quality and service level, enhance market competitiveness and realize strategic targets.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the overall architecture of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a data governance diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the general technical architecture of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a system logic architecture of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a high availability server architecture of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of an enterprise digital architecture planning scheme in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The implementation method of the invention covers all stages of the full life cycle of the integrated operation management system, from project planning and range determination to system deployment and value realization. Not only is a set of developed and implemented methodologies, but also a set of business integration methodologies.

1) Planning: the planning stage mainly performs preparation work for earlier implementation of the project, including project planning, project planning, identifying relevant stakeholders, collecting and sorting the expectations of the relevant stakeholders on the project, and the like.

2) Analysis: the analysis stage mainly aims at identifying and determining the requirements of all relevant stakeholders on business processes, application systems, technical architecture, training, support after online and the like. Unlike other implementations, we emphasize how to collect the relevant demands exactly rather than just the description of the status quo. The requirements come from two aspects, namely the requirements formed by related stakeholders, such as business problems and the like which are urgently needed to be solved at present; another aspect is where improvement is needed as found by the implementation advisor by comparing the current business status of the refining process company with best practices. At this stage, a demand list is formed, and each demand is continuously tracked later, so that the final implementation of landing is ensured.

3) And (3) design: the work of the design stage includes business process design, application system function design, RICEFW design (Report, interface, custom, enhancement, form, workflow, etc.), technical architecture design, defining new process-based user roles, collecting end user training requirements, etc.

4) And (3) construction: the work of the construction stage is mainly to perform related system implementation work based on the result of the design stage, such as configuration of an SAP ERP system, RICEFW development, single function test (unit test) of the system, user training materials for developing and writing projects, and the like.

5) And (3) testing: the testing stage comprises application system testing, system pressure testing, user receiving testing and the like, and aims to comprehensively monitor whether each function of the system meets the related requirements of a business department or not, and whether the performance, the stability and the like of the system meet the requirements or not.

6) Deployment: the work of the deployment stage mainly comprises the work of end user training, system on-line switching and the like. Across the above 6 phases are 4 main working lines:

application system: the work of the application system worksheet includes analysis, design, construction, testing, and deployment related tasks and deliverables related to ERP.

Technical architecture: the work of the technical architecture work bar includes analysis, selection and design, installation and construction, testing of system environments, and the like.

Training and performance management: the method comprises the steps of writing training materials, selecting training instructors, organizing for training, evaluating training effects and the like.

Service management: the method mainly comprises the works of establishing the online supporting capability after the system and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

1. system architecture

The overall system architecture is guided by focusing on core functions and focusing on practical effects. The system architecture design covers more comprehensive functional modules and business modules, tighter business interaction between systems and redefined system boundary definition. And (3) eliminating some repeated functions and flow cross repetition of the system architecture design, and further unifying an accounting system. Helping to promote business application and business processing efficiency of enterprises. Based on business logic of the enterprise integrated operation system, functions such as shared operation and the like are modified, a system architecture optimization scheme is designed, construction is optimized and the like, and the aim of improving management level, business efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises is achieved.

The overall architecture design follows the following design principle, ensures to meet the informatization construction requirement of enterprises, provides business function support which is rich in content and meets the main flow development trend of the industry, and is rich in expansion interface and compatible integration capability. The project design thought, implementation scheme and integration scheme which are scientific, reasonable and accord with the project intention are provided, the thought is clear, the content is detailed, and the project design thought and implementation scheme have complete and operability.

Advancement: the system is constructed by adopting the leading management thought and technical means in the industry, so that the informationized architecture and the system solution are guaranteed to be in the leading position in the industry. All customized user operation interfaces of the SAP system use SAP Fiori interface technology in principle, and the Fiori interface is developed by adopting an SAPUI5 technology framework.

Applicability: the system must be in conformity with the service characteristics of domestic appliances, not only considering the group uniformity, but also considering the characteristics of each service plate.

Gao Xiaoxing: the concurrent processing capability and response time of the core module are ensured, the information integration of each module is well realized, the information real-time sharing is realized, and the management efficiency is improved.

Normalization: the standardization and standardization of the management flow and the operation flow are realized, the automation degree of the work treatment is improved, and the work efficiency and the management quality are improved. Technicians provided by bidders must comply with the unified management of the project group, develop centrally, and must comply with the unified development specification of the project group.

Extensibility: the system not only can meet the current management needs of domestic appliance throwing groups, but also needs to consider the needs of future development.

Patency: the standards and techniques employed in the construction of the system should be sufficiently open, particularly in the system interface portion, to facilitate expansion and modification.

Reliability: all products must be mature products, which have high reliability and excellent performance indexes; the method has strong fault tolerance, complete and reliable measures, and is stable and reliable. Normal use can be continued for 7x24 hours.

Availability: the system must have high availability for large enterprises, and can quickly recover to a normal operation state when the system fault causes service interruption by taking effective measures such as a service continuity management system or backup measures.

2. Application architecture description

The business layer-by-layer application and unit batch pushing strategy is adhered to, and the business layer is in accordance with a business standardization-flow automation-processing intellectualization-management intellectualization scheme. The new generation e-commerce platform adopts a construction mode of separating design and development, uses SparxEA, axure and other advanced tools, applies a distributed application architecture taking micro service as a main form, adopts an automatic deployment mode of cloud and DevOps on the whole, and provides technical support for complex functions of the system in the aspects of architecture, storage and the like.

3. Data management framework

The data management framework generally comprises a data management top layer design, a data management system, enhanced security management and control, enhanced technological energization and data application and service, and is a multi-level, multi-dimensional and multi-view framework which guides from top to bottom and advances from bottom to top.

In order to solve the problems of insufficient data information mining, low data quality, poor standardized effect display effect and the like in the aspects of data standardization and lean management, the comprehensive operation management system, the recruitment platform, the system mutual integration and the resource sharing bridges and ties of enterprises are guaranteed, and the effective data management is a foundation for developing business informatization construction, realizing intensive management and realizing data unified management targets according to planning.

Data governance work is carried out from a plurality of aspects such as an extended application range, informatization support, a data management mechanism, a future data application direction and the like:

1. extending corporate host data range

By combining business characteristics of enterprises, a main data list is combed, data attributes and differences of all industrial plates are analyzed, a main data range of the enterprises is defined, meanwhile, problems existing in the current application are analyzed, data quality and data standardization treatment suggestions are provided in a targeted manner, and usability of a main data management system is improved.

2. Extending corporate host data application organization scope

And the main data application is comprehensively promoted, and unified management and unified application of the main data of the whole enterprise level are deeply realized.

3. Perfecting informationized supporting capability

The mobile terminal is applied to realize the functions of inquiring, reporting and approving the main data by the mobile terminal, the operation experience of a user is improved, a main data quality monitoring index system is constructed, the historical purchasing data is deeply mined, a multi-dimensional big data analysis model is constructed, the conditions of main data change, duty ratio difference, universality and the like can be analyzed in real time and dynamically displayed, and the system is used as a scientific support for carrying out main data simplifying and optimizing work, and the normalization, the integrity and the uniqueness of the main data are improved.

4. Enhanced data management mechanism

The main data application determines whether the business is smoothly developed or not and the accuracy and consistency of the whole flow data, and is an important basis for enterprise operation analysis. The main data application of each unit user is announced by the reinforced data management mechanism, and the professional, standardized and standardized level of the main data operation management of the group company materials is comprehensively improved by smooth business application.

5. Locating future data governance application direction

The future data management needs to combine with the business innovation thought to construct a multidimensional big data analysis model, so that the conditions of main data change, duty ratio difference, universality and the like can be analyzed in real time and dynamically displayed, and the model is used as a scientific support for carrying out main data simplifying and optimizing work; secondly, a multidimensional analysis model and a simplified identification model of the main data of the materials are created, the service condition of the main data is displayed in an omnibearing dynamic mode through the establishment of the models, management staff are assisted in carrying out work such as material reduction, and scientific support of standardized management of the materials is improved; thirdly, the analysis result is applied to the whole flow, the accuracy of the existing model is improved through continuous accumulation of data, data mining is further carried out, closed-loop management is achieved from analysis, feedback, simplification and analysis, and the main data management level of materials is improved continuously; fourth, promote many, fast, accurate user experience, refer to the multidimensional analysis model, can realize the analysis of the massive purchasing data, demonstrate the analysis situation of the main data in all directions; the method is fast, and refers to multi-system integration, the MDG, ERP, the recruitment platform and other systems are mutually related, so that the calling speed of a user on analysis results is improved, and the time of the user is saved; the standard refers to that a main data simplifying and identifying model is used to provide basis for main data reduction and improve the accuracy of data reduction.

4. Actual data range

The data collection primary data object includes and is not limited to the following scope.

Table 1 static data table

Table 2 dynamic data table

5. Technical content scheme

1. System overall technical architecture

Based on considering business commonalities of various sections of enterprises, the overall technical architecture of the system provides a unified and standardized mode, ensures the scalability and reliability of the system, provides security and privacy protection, realizes system integration and interoperability, and performs technical model selection and evaluation. The integrated management platform of the enterprise of the central enterprise adopts a four-layer structure mode, and an integral technology development platform of the system is constructed by applying an interface technology and a mobile application technology. The overall technical architecture of the system is shown in fig. 4:

presentation layer: the portal application adopts the mainstream WEB technology to develop and deploy, so that the service function interaction usability of the SAP system is improved; and the mobile office integrated workflow platform improves the working efficiency.

Application layer: SAP S/4HANA-ERP is used as a core service platform, and PO enterprise service bus is used as an integration middleware.

Database layer: and the main stream interface technology in the industry is supported by combining SAPHANA, mySQL with databases such as Oracle and the like.

2. System logic architecture

In order to ensure smooth operation of the system in the final production environment and correct realization of service functions in the popularization process, reference is needed to the cooperation of the system environment of the enterprise in-operation system.

In principle, the different system environments are suggested to be physically isolated, i.e. the applications and database services of the different system environments use separate hardware environments in hardware. In view of investment saving, the technical characteristics of SAP (Instance coexistence and Client coexistence) can be utilized to share non-production environments in hardware during implementation and system on-line. Such as sandboxed environments and development environments sharing a physical server; test and training environments, data conversion environments share physical servers, etc.

For the system architecture design, it is suggested to make full use of the existing system environment of the enterprise organization, ensure the stable online operation of the system, improve the utilization rate of assets, reduce project cost, and the architecture diagram is shown in fig. 5:

3. system technical architecture

The stability and safety of a wide-range system platform play a key role in guaranteeing the reduction of the running risk of the system and the technical implementation risk, so that the main stream 64-bit enterprise-level hardware platform is recommended to be considered for carrying the operating system and the database application. The server supports hot plug and has redundant power supply function, and carries multi-user and multi-task operating system.

In order to ensure high availability of the system, in the production environment, a three-layer architecture is generally adopted in the structural design of the system. The whole system is composed of 2 database servers and a plurality of application servers, wherein the 2 database servers form a DB double-machine cluster, and the application servers are grouped. Mainly in order to meet the requirement of 7×24 operation on system resources, under the structure, independent resources are allocated to user interaction, background operation and data update in the system at any time, so that each use of the system is isolated, and the various operations are ensured not to be affected each other in the same time point, as shown in fig. 6.

The structure can meet the future high stability and high availability requirements of each enterprise, but does not need to be completely built at first, and can be expanded along with popularization of an enterprise integrated operation management system and growth of future business; the SAP database, the core application and the session application servers are reasonably distributed on the server by adopting two servers which can meet the performance expansion requirement of the future database without requiring isolation of different application server types; in the future, as the architecture of the system expands, they can be conveniently split into different servers to run, and the isolation of various application server types can be easily realized by parameter modification or operation mode change.

4. System development architecture

The implementation development tool is an ABAP/4development platform specific to SAP. The SAP provides an ABAP/4 workbench (ABAP/4 Development Workbench) as a tool kit for implementing a complete CASE environment and workflow, so that the implementation process is automated to the greatest extent, and continuous and effective business reconstruction is ensured.

The workbench integrates data, business processes, organization structures and workflow components, and is based on an integrated library actively connected with the application, including Dynamic dialogue Program editing (Dynamic Program), screen and menu drawing, raw code generator, interactive error correction, performance optimization, computer aided test (CATT), ABAP/4 warehouse, data dictionary, development organization, etc. The main characteristics are as follows:

the functional module is reused: programs may use existing business modules;

performance optimization: an analysis report can be generated for each command and the resources occupied by the operation of the program;

operation traceability: the workbench ensures that all operations have document registration and version management;

communication flexibility: RFC (Remote Function Call) and OLE2 smooth the communication between programs;

easy to learn and use: good training and detailed on-line help and navigation ability, can be quickly mastered and started to work;

Thorough platform independence: operating system call, database access, front-end window settings, etc. are all platform independent.

FRICE is five application types of using ABAP workbench when self-defining develop SAP ERP product, is respectively form, report form, interface, conversion and enhancement, mainly uses when implementing certain solution, and is also very important in deepening application stages such as operation and support (including maintenance, report form, enhancement, upgrading, product support, etc.). It may also find application in other related SAP products, such as CRM, SRM, portal, etc.

For secondary development, a published, stable interface is provided for non-SAP systems, business objects conforming to component design specifications, packages and object modeling designs, all data access logic is packaged in a data access layer, conforming to the following open standard SQL. This means that the solution is indeed independent of the DBMS. Application and data logic separation uses application componentization design, pre-integration between solutions uses an open standardized interface, and can be used for any third party integration. While NetWeaver Developer Studio is an open source based integrated development framework that provides the following toolsets:

Web Dynpro development tools are provided at the presentation layer;

j2EE application development, currently supporting EE 5;

java dictionary;

·WebService；

development language.

5. System integration architecture

The integration middleware recommends the use of SAP PO (PI), and the interface two IDE recommends the use of SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio.

When SAP is implemented in a large organization, not all components may be placed in SAP ERP. Many of these business components have their own proprietary tools, which can be extremely complex and cannot be replaced. They run in parallel with the SAP system. They are called "legacy systems". It is necessary to integrate these pre-existing non-SAP systems with SAP, and besides legacy systems, the national electric SAP ERP is not composed of one single system, but integrates multiple business systems. To deal with this complexity, SAPs introduce a PO: a platform that can provide a single integration point for all systems. It does not need to contact the complex network of existing legacy systems. This is a powerful middleware that can provide smooth end-to-end integration between SAP and non-SAP applications, inside and inside an enterprise, or inside and outside. The SAP PO supports B2B and A2A exchanges, supports synchronous and asynchronous message exchanges, and contains built-in engines for designing and executing PI.

6. System integration technique

1. RFC interface technology

RFC (Remote Function Call) interface technology, which can implement the function of remotely calling a function module in one system to another system. Meanwhile, RFC functions may also be implemented in the same system, but typically the caller and callee are in separate systems. In the SAP system, the remote call function can be realized through a RFC interface system of a system standard. The RFC function may be implemented in two SAP systems, or between SAP and non-SAP systems.

2. IDoc interface technology

In the past, when business partners were required to exchange business documents, it was often accomplished by conventional means, such as letters, faxes, or other means. All of these ways are the same, and when the file is lost, the recipient must repeatedly enter information. Using EDI technology, the technical structure of the file is preserved. It may enable the recipient to automatically process the file with his own business software. Both parties to business collaboration are independent, and they can independently decide their own IT architecture and business software. The EDI standard must be established to ensure that the data structure of the packet sender corresponds to the EDI standard, as well as the data structure of the recipient. Thus, through the function of the EDI standard, the two parties can be ensured to be independent. IDoc is a data structure of SAP application related interfaces. It presents a unified interface to any EDI subsystem, independent of the SAP module, that can create or receive information.

3. File File system

The data exchange is realized by reading/writing files in a file system, and an XML document is mainly used at present, and the mode is asynchronous asynchous similar to the data exchange mode of Txt documents or Excel documents carried out by the old system, and is realized by directly using the file system NFS or FTP mode.

4、HTTP

The Web application program of the third party transmits the XML data to the HTTP adapter of the PO according to the routing rule in the PO after the adapter receives the data, and maps the data to RFC-XML, then the corresponding user-defined BAPI in the SAP system is called (the BAPI is obtained by simply packaging the used service BAPI by the user), and the received data is processed and returned. This process may be asynchronous or synchronous.

5. JDBCjava database connection Java Database Connectivity

For communication with the RDBMS database system, the adapter enables direct reading/writing of the SQL database by converting the transmission data into XML.

6. ABAP ProxyABAP proxy

Invoking BAPI in the system in the SAPWEbAS requires deploying an ABAP agent on the WebAS, unlike the HTTP approach, XML data is sent to the PO through the ABAP agent instead of through the HTTP client, and after the PO is received, the corresponding BAPI in the SAP is invoked through RFC, which is a synchronous-then-asynchronous process.

7. BAPI interface technology

BAPIs (Business Application Programming Interfaces) is a standard service interface provided by SAP, which enables access to the flow, functions and data of SAP systems between external application systems. One BAPI is effectively a 'gateway' where the data and flow of the SAP can be accessed by external systems. BAPIs technology provides a standard, platform independent (platform independent) interface that enables external applications to access the SAP system. The system can integrate the SAP system with third-party software, old system and client self-development system. BAPIs technology is compatible with CORBA & COM/DCOM distributed object handling technology.

7. Enterprise digital architecture planning design

The digital architecture design mainly comprises the works of architecture current situation carding, architecture target blueprint design, treatment and evolution route design, architecture management and control system design and the like. The purpose of the digital architecture current state carding is to clarify the current state of the existing enterprise operation management system; the target blueprint design target is to define staged system construction or optimization and observation and work requirements, analyze the difference between the current situation and the target, propose an evolution route of each stage, and define target requirements and construction contents of each task; around the design principle of the platform in the architecture, the architecture management and control system and the management key points are perfected, and the orderly promotion of the architecture management and evolution is ensured, as shown in fig. 7.

The invention relates to a design construction method of an enterprise-level integrated operation management system, which comprises five stages of project preparation, difference analysis-blueprint design, system implementation, online preparation and switching, online and support. The specific arrangement is as follows:

1. project preparation

1) Determining project targets: under the requirements of the overall plan and the milestone plan, the overall plan is formulated, and the basic matters to be completed are definitely required.

2) Publishing templates and standards: and issuing test point implementation results and management standards, including templates, schemes, standards, management regulations, organization structures and responsibilities, management tools, management requirements and the like in the implementation process.

3) Determining the implementation range: and preliminarily issuing the implementation range of each plate, including the organization range and the functional range, according to the integral planning and management and control requirements of the enterprise. The specific range is further iteratively updated after the actual requirements of the user are known.

4) And (3) making an implementation strategy, namely determining whether each stage is centralized or performed at a lower point, and adopting a remote or on-site mode according to the implementation progress, the number of participators and the on-site environment condition of each implementation unit.

5) Planning: and determining the whole implementation schedule and the implementation sequence to finish the plan. May include an overall plan, a system configuration plan, a rights design plan, a data collection plan, a system test plan, and the like.

6) Coordinating resources: project resources are distributed, personnel of all parties are guaranteed to arrive in time, the whole participation of key users is guaranteed, and popularization responsible persons support the problem encountered in the propulsion process in time.

7) And (3) supporting environment construction: according to the implementation strategy, the preparation of the on-site office environment is implemented, and the establishment of the computer, the network environment and the basic matched software environment is ensured.

8) Training a system template: the project manager organizes and carries out training work aiming at project related parties such as implementation consultants, key users and the like as soon as possible, ensures that the related parties are familiar with the service and system tools used for project development in the shortest time, and serves as resource reserves, thereby laying a foundation for team cultivation in the follow-up system online test operation stage.

2. Differential analysis-blueprint design

1) The demand investigation work: the business demand investigation and analysis are carried out, the process assets of the project in the test point stage are subjected to carding analysis, and experience teaching and training suitable for popularization and implementation stages are summarized and proposed; meanwhile, the demand investigation work of the central enterprise is carried out by adopting an investigation questionnaire and system data collection mode, the current situation of the test point unit business and the investigation result are comprehensively evaluated, the field interview investigation is carried out aiming at the key units, and the depth and the breadth of the investigation are ensured. And during the demand investigation analysis, the whole participation of key users is ensured, the tie function of the key user engagement project group and the implementation unit is exerted, and the demand and pain points of the implementation unit are fully mined.

Making detailed investigation plans

Deep investigation, and carrying out service investigation on each service unit by adopting a plurality of investigation modes (investigation questionnaire, on-site investigation, telephone communication and video conference) to form investigation analysis reports.

Differential analysis of investigation results, analysis of management, system, business process, business requirement and informatization degree of each central enterprise, and provision of differential analysis report.

The demand investigation reporting work, the overall group analyzes the reporting result, gives overall advice to the business difference according to the comprehensive condition of each edition, and makes full preparation for the subsequent promotion of blueprint updating.

2) Basic data collection work: and establishing a basic data collection group, and carrying out basic material collection coding work. Including material data, vendor data, KKS code data, etc. The basic data collection and conversion work can be performed in advance, and in the data collection process, basic data is reported through a unified data platform, so that repeated collection and reporting work of public data of each plate and unit is reduced.

3) Blueprint design and variance analysis:

differential analysis: the research condition of the standard requirement and the test point template result are analyzed to obtain the difference analysis report, which is the working foundation of the blueprint design stage.

Organization architecture design: defining an organization architecture from different angles of finance, purchasing, warehousing, project management and equipment management;

business process design: according to the demand investigation analysis and the difference analysis conditions, the system fully communicates with users, proposes constructive opinions and updates the business process design;

enterprise standard: the on-site management and control group integrally controls and synchronously establishes a plurality of management standards matched with the ERP system according to business demand design and blueprint design results;

system development and interface requirements definition; aiming at the newly added demand, the development program and interface design work are completed according to the development and interface standards of the group project overall group issuing test point unit.

And (3) designing the service blueprint, namely completing blueprint design work by each service plate, and performing work such as internal review, overall group review, overall management and control group report and the like of the popularization plate project management and control group. The blueprint design is to fully understand the blueprint design of each central enterprise unit test point stage, combine the characteristics of multi-production industry plates and service types and the system architecture attribute flexibly adapted by SAP, integrate the conforming solution into the existing blueprint and SAP system implementation, and achieve the architecture thinking of following transverse industry wealth integration and longitudinal data communication, and simultaneously give priority to the diversity change meeting daily service through basic system configuration, thereby helping the power enterprise to manage standardization, refinement and high efficiency and really serving as decision-making service. Considering that the project implementation period is short, aiming at the personalized requirements of each implementation unit, the project group carries out comprehensive evaluation and is communicated with the overall group closely, so that a unified scheme, a unified standard and a unified development principle are truly realized, and the rapid popularization of the blueprint on the whole plate level is commonly carried out.

The blue print design work of the plate is completed by popularizing the plate management and control group; the business of the whole plate is integrated to form a blueprint design report of the plate, and the blueprint template is updated and promoted.

The expert of the popularization plate management and control group consults the business leader to conduct initial examination on the business blueprint design report, and mainly conduct examination on the advancement, applicability, high efficiency, safety, stability and the like of the blueprint scheme.

Each organization reviews the blueprint design to determine whether the blueprint design accords with the existing business process of each organization.

And (5) evaluating the technical direction, such as applicability, high efficiency, safety and stability, of the blueprint scheme by using the enterprise ensemble groups. And according to trial popularization experience, the blueprint design is ensured not to deviate from the internal management and control direction of the enterprise.

Finally reporting the reviewed results to a general management and control group, wherein the general management and control group is applicable to the service rechecking degree and the reform of blueprint designGuiding suggestions are given to the normative, reliability, availability, sustainable operation and other directions of the blueprint.

3. System implementation

1) System implementation phase

System configuration: the function and the requirement successfully covered in the test point stage form the standard function of the SAP system;

Data conversion program development: preferentially developing the completed data tool by using the test point unit;

system development: the newly added functions and requirements are defined by comprehensive evaluation. In order to ensure rapid project propulsion and reduce repeated work, the common requirements of all the sections are related, a common requirement group is constructed to be responsible for system configuration and function development work, and all the sections are matched together to complete the test; aiming at the individual requirements of the individual plates, the functional configuration or development enhancement implementation is carried out by each plate consultant and developer, and the development program mainly comprises the following steps:

developing an application interface program;

enhancing and developing system functions;

determining a report list and a report format and developing a report;

the system prints document development.

System rights design: and according to the design standard of each central enterprise and the safety management standard, aiming at the business functions covered by the test point achievements, referring to the test point general role design template, and carrying out local role design allocation work. For the newly added business function, general role design is performed first, a new general role design template is generated, and then local role design and distribution are performed based on the general role design template.

2) System test phase

System test: the system test generally includes a unit test, an integration test, a user acceptance test and a regression test.

And unit test, namely performing unit test work by a field implementation consultant, and ensuring that all relevant service flow configuration and development function points in each module of the system are free from abnormality and the function test is passed.

And the integration test is completed by the cooperation of a field implementation consultant team and peripheral system implementation manufacturers, so that all business processes of all modules of the system and the cross-system integration process test are completely passed.

The user accepts the test, guided by the live implementation advisor, and the end user conducts the test. The test data refers to the actual service data, so that the service full flow is ensured, and the data test result is consistent with the actual service.

Regression testing, i.e. the system has new development functions. The on-site implementation consultant team submits the test plan, the unit overall group is the main, and the on-site implementation consultant cooperates to complete the regression test of the system, so that the newly added function is ensured not to affect the original business system.

3) Training preparation stage

End user training materials. The training material is compiled by both the key user and the live practice advisor.

4. On-line switching preparation and operation

1) And the request transmission management is that all the function configurations and system development of the enterprise integrated operation management system carry out code transmission in a request transmission mode so as to realize professional version management functions. In the system deployment process, the overall group uniformly controls the request transmission sequence, so that the requests are ensured to be transmitted from the simulation environment to the production environment strictly according to the sequence, and the system breakdown problem caused by transmission version errors is avoided.

2) End user training: to ensure that all end users learn to use the system before formally online, the end users must explicitly work themselves after the system is online and operate correspondingly in the system; providing a corresponding operation manual of a user, wherein the writing work of the operation manual can be finished in advance in the system implementation stage;

3) User permission configuration: and collecting user rights according to the enterprise rights design standard and the security management standard and the user rights collection template, performing preliminary auditing on rights security by a live implementation consultant team, and performing unified rights allocation management.

4) System maintenance and maintenance strategy after online operation: the on-site support personnel of each implementation unit are integrally arranged, including key users and implementation consultants, and form an address book of the project support personnel to be sent to the implementation unit.

5) An online handoff plan and an emergency backup plan: the implementation group makes a countdown plan before online, and the detailed online plan is arranged reversely to ensure the online time point. And (3) carrying out data confirmation and import time, and carrying out document supplementary record time after system switching. Executing according to the plan in steps, and starting an emergency backup plan.

6) Data transfer and data quality validation: the user updates the dynamic service data in real time according to the service condition until the data reporting deadline; the key users and the live advisors check and convert the service data, and after confirming the service data, the service data is imported into the system for data initialization. The implementation team needs to export and download the imported data, compare the imported data with the imported data, and send each data reporting personnel for confirmation after comparison.

7) And (3) system switching: each implementation site group finishes the initialization data import, marks the completion of system switching and formally enters an online support stage.

5. System on-line support

1) Recording and tracking of problem logs: support solution is given to the problems encountered in the online process, the problems are recorded, and the problems and the solution conditions are reported step by step every day. It is suggested to use automated tools to give solutions. The advisor resources can be released, and the problem of actual business and system optimization of the implementation units is mainly solved.

2) Moon knot and year knot support: the system business and the finance have higher integration level, and the need of making a moon knot and a year knot support is an important work after online.

3) Tracking evaluation and optimization of system performance: follow up continuously with the field problem situation. Aiming at the problems of system performance, usability and the like, the system can be comprehensively evaluated by multiple parties, and a continuous optimization scheme is given.

4) Efficiency assessment of support mode: the field problem solving situation is continuously followed, and the efficiency of the existing support mode is evaluated. And adjusting the support mode according to the overall coordination resource of the evaluation condition.

5) And the system operation support in the later period of online is as follows: and in the later stage of online support, the on-site support consultant changes from the on-site support to a remote centralized support mode and performs knowledge transfer work. The on-site support consultant summarizes common problems of the system, gives out a solution, forms standard document materials and delivers the standard document materials to key users; the on-site critical users gradually accept on-site one-line operation and maintenance work. The on-site support consultant changes the template document of system popularization, including blueprint design, system design development document and the like, to the central operation and maintenance group, and the support consultant gradually changes on-site support into remote support, so as to mainly solve the support problem reported by the on-site operation and maintenance personnel in the future of key users.

6) Evaluation and tracking training: the management and control group periodically evaluates common problems during online support, analyzes and evaluates the problems, and intensively trains the high-frequency problems.

7) Providing long-term support: informationized support is a long-term process. Long-term support maintenance of the system after the end of the online support phase is to ensure that there is a mechanism to support and improve the performance and behavior of the system after the online. The method specifically comprises the following steps: assessment and subsequent training, making a long-term strategy for user support, adjustment and correction of system performance, upgrading of functions, and documenting management of design and implementation. In order for the operation of the system to continue to meet its intended objectives, it must be periodically assessed, wherein the content of the assessment includes cost, time, service and quality, both for assessment of the benefits achieved and for estimation of the benefits to be brought about by future process improvements. And making a next walking plan according to the evaluation result so as to ensure the realization of business benefits.

And (3) document data management: in the implementation process, the document materials are uniformly managed by each enterprise document management tool, and the popularization template version is continuously updated according to the service.

Finally, the inexhaustible points of the invention adopt mature products and mature technical means in the prior art.

In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in an embodiment or example of the invention.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. The design construction method of the enterprise-level integrated operation management system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1, planning: the planning stage mainly performs preparation work for earlier implementation of the project, including project planning, project planning, identifying relevant stakeholders, collecting and sorting the expectations of the relevant stakeholders on the project, and the like.

Step 2, analysis: the analysis stage mainly aims at identifying and determining the requirements of all relevant stakeholders on business processes, application systems, technical architecture, training, support after online and the like. Unlike other implementations, we emphasize how to collect the relevant demands exactly rather than just the description of the status quo. The requirements come from two aspects, namely the requirements formed by related stakeholders, such as business problems and the like which are urgently needed to be solved at present; another aspect is where improvement is needed as found by the implementation advisor by comparing the current business status of the refining process company with best practices. At this stage, a demand list is formed, and each demand is continuously tracked later, so that the final implementation of landing is ensured.

Step 3, designing: the work of the design stage comprises business flow design, application system function design, RICEFW design and technical architecture design, and defines user roles based on new flows and collects end user training requirements; wherein the RICEFW design content comprises: report, interface, custom, enhancement, form, and Workflow.

Step 4, construction: the work of the construction stage is mainly to perform related system implementation work based on the result of the design stage, such as configuration of an SAP ERP system, RICEFW development, single function test (unit test) of the system, user training materials for developing and writing projects, and the like.

Step 5, testing: the testing stage comprises application system testing, system pressure testing, user receiving testing and the like, and aims to comprehensively monitor whether each function of the system meets the related requirements of a business department or not, and whether the performance, the stability and the like of the system meet the requirements or not.

Step 6, deployment: the work of the deployment stage mainly comprises end user training and system on-line switching work.

2. The method for designing and constructing the enterprise-level integrated operation management system according to claim 1, wherein: in the business process design of the step 3, business requirement investigation and analysis are required, combing analysis is carried out on project process assets in the test point stage, and experience teaching and training suitable for popularization and implementation stages is summarized and proposed; meanwhile, the demand investigation work of the central enterprise is carried out by adopting an investigation questionnaire and system data collection mode, the current situation of the test point unit business and the investigation result are comprehensively evaluated, the field interview investigation is carried out aiming at the key units, and the depth and the breadth of the investigation are ensured. During the demand investigation analysis, the whole participation of key users is ensured, the tie effect of the key user engagement project group and the implementation unit is exerted, and the demand and pain points of the implementation unit are fully excavated; the specific business process design comprises the following steps:

A. Making detailed investigation plans

B. The deep investigation adopts a plurality of investigation modes including investigation questionnaires, field investigation, telephone communication and video conferences to carry out service investigation on each service unit respectively so as to form investigation analysis reports.

C. And (3) carrying out differential analysis on investigation results, analyzing management, system, business process, business requirement and informatization degree of each central enterprise, and providing a differential analysis report.

D. The whole group analyzes the report result, gives the whole proposal for the business difference according to the comprehensive condition of each edition, and makes full preparation for the subsequent promotion of blueprint updating.

3. The method for designing and constructing the enterprise-level integrated operation management system according to claim 1, wherein: in the application system function design of the step 3, the business layer-by-layer application and unit batch pushing strategy are required to be adhered to, and the business layer is in accordance with a business standardization-flow automation-processing intellectualization-management intellectualization scheme. The new generation e-commerce platform adopts a construction mode of separating design and development, uses advanced tools such as spark EA, axure and the like, applies a distributed application architecture taking micro service as a main form, adopts an automatic deployment mode of cloud and DevOps on the whole, and provides technical support for complex functions of the system in the aspects of architecture, storage and the like.

4. The method for designing and constructing the enterprise-level integrated operation management system according to claim 1, wherein: in the technical architecture design of the step 3, the commonality of each business of each edition of an enterprise is considered, the overall technical architecture of the system provides a unified and standardized mode, the scalability and reliability of the system are ensured, the security and privacy protection are provided, the system integration and interoperability are realized, and the technical model selection and evaluation are performed; the concrete technical architecture comprises four layers from top to bottom;

presentation layer: the portal application adopts the mainstream WEB technology to develop and deploy, so that the service function interaction usability of the SAP system is improved; and the mobile office integrated workflow platform improves the working efficiency.

Application layer: SAP S/4HANA-ERP is used as a core service platform, and PO enterprise service bus is used as an integration middleware.

Database layer: and the main stream interfaces in the industry are supported by combining SAPHANA, mySQL with databases such as Oracle and the like.

Base layer: including operating systems, networks, firewalls, other IP-based facilities, upstream/downstream protocols, and upstream/downstream standards.